Nutrition Journal最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Spirulina (Arthrospira) platensis supplementation on intestinal permeability, antioxidant and inflammatory markers, quality of life and disease severity in patients with constipated-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized double‑blind, placebo‑controlled trial.","authors":"Saeede Jafari Nasab, Awat Feizi, Parisa Hajihashemi, Mohammad-Hassan Entezari, Manoj Sharma, Peyman Adibi, Mohammad Bagherniya","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01132-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01132-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic, functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID) which is characterized by chronic pain related to defecation and alteration in GI motility. Recent findings indicated that intestinal barrier dysfunction, hyperpermeability, oxidative stress, and inflammation play a role in IBS pathogenesis. Considering the antioxidant properties of Spirulina (Arthrospira) platensis (SP), this study aimed to investigate the effect of SP supplementation on Quality of life (QoL), disease severity, antioxidant capacity, oxidative stress index and intestinal permeability in constipation-dominant IBS (IBS-C) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a parallel randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial involving 60 IBS-C patients aged 18-50 years. The patients were given either 1 g SP (two capsules/day; each capsule contained 500 mg of SP) or placebo for 12 weeks. IBS-QoL, IBS-Severity system score (IBS-SSS), plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and zonulin levels were measured at baseline and the end of the intervention. Univariate comparison and intention-to-treat (ITT) were used for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SP supplementation compared to placebo resulted in a significant increase in QoL score (7.05 ± 2.02 vs. - 1.57 ± 2.49; p = 0.008), TAC (145.27 ± 30.77 vs. -54.90 ± 45.72; p < 0.001) and decrease in IBS-SSS (-32.17 ± 8.96 vs. 1.07 ± 8.49; p = 0.002), MDA level (- 11.61 ± 2.57 vs. - 2.00 ± 2.24; p < 0.001) and zonulin level (- 0.22 ± 0.05 vs. 0.12 ± 0.07; p = 0.001). These results remained significant after adjusting for baseline values.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SP supplementation demonstrated a promising effect in the management of IBS. However, larger trials with a dose-dependent approach in IBS-C and other subtypes of IBS are warranted.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The study protocol was approved by the ethical committee at the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (Registration No. IR.MUI.</p><p><strong>Research: </strong>REC.1401.370) and registered online at http://www.IRCT.ir (code: IRCT20140208016529N8, approved date 25.04.2023).</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12013150/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How animal and plant-based proteins affect energy metabolism during the postprandial phase in overweight and obese men: a cross-over design study.","authors":"Zahra Dehnavi, Shima Sabbaghi, Ali Jafarzadeh Esfehani, Mahnaz Namazi, Fahimeh Hoseinzadeh, Hanieh Barghchi, Monireh Dahri, Reza Rezvani, Mahdi Shadnoush, Mohammad Safarian","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01106-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01106-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Animal proteins (APs) and plant proteins (PPs) seem to exhibit different thermic and metabolic effects, which may be attributed to differences in amino acid profiles, bioavailability, and digestibility.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In this study, we aimed to investigate and compare the postprandial effects of AP and PP meals on energy metabolism parameters, including resting energy expenditure (REE) and substrate oxidation (SO), in overweight and obese men.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This acute randomized crossover clinical trial involved forty-eight overweight and obese men, with a mean age of 33.48 ± 8.35 years and an average BMI of 29.15 ± 2.33 kg/m². Participants consumed two high-protein test meals with different protein sources (AP and PP) on separate days, with a washout period of 7 to 10 days between them. On each test day, energy metabolism parameters were measured in both the fasting state and postprandial phase using indirect calorimetry. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25 and R programs, evaluating the effects of carry-over, treatment, time, and treatment × time interaction through generalized estimating equations (GEE) analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After controlling for baseline values, there was a significant effect of time (P < 0.05), protein source (P < 0.05), and protein source × time (P < 0.05) on REE, TEF, and carbohydrate oxidation. REE showed an increase following the consumption of both meals; however, the rise observed after AP (14.2%) was greater than that of PP (9.55%). The trends in TEF changes were similar to those of REE. The mean carbohydrate oxidation after consuming PP remained relatively stable throughout the test, whereas the AP meal gradually increased, reaching its peak at the 180th minute. The decline in carbohydrate oxidation was more pronounced following the AP meal than the PP meal by the end of the test.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This clinical trial demonstrates that animal-based protein results in higher energy expenditure and carbohydrate oxidation than plant-based protein.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12013026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The link between ultra-processed food consumption, fecal microbiota, and metabolomic profiles in older mediterranean adults at high cardiovascular risk.","authors":"Alessandro Atzeni, Adrián Hernández-Cacho, Nadine Khoury, Nancy Babio, Clara Belzer, Jesús Vioque, Dolores Corella, Montserrat Fitó, Clary Clish, Josep Vidal, Prokopis Konstanti, Sandra Gonzales-Palacios, Oscar Coltell, Albert Goday, Isabel Moreno Indias, Silvia Carlos Chillerón, Miguel Ruiz-Canela, Francisco J Tinahones, Frank B Hu, Jordi Salas-Salvadó","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01125-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01125-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption has been linked to adverse metabolic outcomes, potentially mediated by alterations in gut microbiota and metabolite production.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between NOVA-classified UPF consumption, fecal microbiota, and fecal metabolome in a population of Mediterranean older adults at high cardiovascular risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 385 individuals, aged between 55 and 75 years, were included in the study. Dietary and lifestyle information, anthropometric measurements, and stool samples were collected at baseline and after 1-year follow-up. Fecal microbiota and metabolome were assessed using 16 S rRNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, higher UPF consumption was associated with lower abundance of Ruminococcaceae incertae sedis (β = - 0.275, P = 0.047) and lower concentrations of the metabolites propionylcarnitine (β = - 0.0003, P = 0.013) and pipecolic acid (β = - 0.0003, P = 0.040) in feces. Longitudinally, increased UPF consumption was linked to reduced abundance of Parabacteroides spp. after a 1-year follow-up (β = - 0.278, P = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>High UPF consumption was associated with less favorable gut microbiota and metabolite profiles, suggesting a possible link to reduced short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, altered mitochondrial energy metabolism, and impaired amino acid metabolism. These findings support the reduction of UPF consumption and the promotion of dietary patterns rich in fiber for better gut health. Further research is needed to confirm these associations and clarify the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ISRCTN89898870 ( https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN89898870 ).</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12007308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between dietary protein and amino acid intake and handgrip strength in Korean adults: data from the 2014-2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.","authors":"Hyunji Ham, Sumin Kim, Kyungho Ha","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01131-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01131-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sarcopenia contributes to an increased risk of falls and fractures, and reduced mobility, and mortality. Supplementation with dietary protein and amino acids has been suggested as a potential strategy to slow or prevent the associated loss of muscle mass and strength. However, most previous studies have focused on dietary protein or limited populations, such as older adults. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary protein and amino acid intake and handgrip strength (HG) in Korean adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used data from the 2014-2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 18,565 adults who participated in a 1-day 24-hour recall method were included. Protein intake was calculated as a percentage of total energy intake from food sources (animal and plant). Amino acid intake (g/day), including essential amino acids (EAAs), branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), and non essential amino acids (NEAAs), was assessed using a database expanded based on amino acid composition databases constructed by national institutions. Low HG was diagnosed based on the 2019 guidelines of the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the fully adjusted model, total and plant protein intakes were positively associated with HG levels (kg) (β = 0.04 and 0.07 per 1% increase, respectively; p < 0.05 for both). Participants aged ≥ 65 years in the highest NEAA intake group had a 42% lower risk of low HG compared to those in the lowest intake group (odds ratio 0.58; 95% confidence interval 0.35-0.97; p for trend = 0.1026). A lower risk of HG was observed in older participants whose plant protein intake ranged from 8 to 10% of energy, compared to those consuming less than 7%. However, no association was found when intake exceeded 10% of energy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that a high intake of NEAAs and a moderately high intake of plant protein may be associated with a lower risk of low HG among Korean older adults. Further prospective studies are needed to explore the effects of protein and amino acid intake on muscle mass and strength.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11998251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between dietary inflammatory index and cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome risk: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Chuanwei Zhao, Mu Lin, Yane Yang, Haijie Yang, Zhengqian Gao, Zijie Yan, Chunxin Liu, Shumeng Yu, Ying Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01127-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01127-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dietary inflammation has been linked to various diseases. The dietary inflammatory index (DII) is a tool used to assess the inflammatory potential of a diet. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the DII and the risk of developing cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome (CKMS) in a U.S.</p><p><strong>Population: </strong></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001 to 2020, which included 24,071 participants, were analyzed. CKMS was defined as the coexistence of cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The DII was calculated on the basis of the anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory scores of foods and nutrients. Weighted multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations between the DII and the risk of developing CKMS. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression was conducted to test nonlinear relationships. Subgroup analyses were performed by sex, age, race, smoking status, and alcohol consumption status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for confounders, compared with those of the lowest quartile of the DII, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for higher DII quartiles were 1.17 (0.93-1.47), 1.43 (1.13-1.81), and 1.76 (1.42-2.18), respectively. Each one-unit increase in the DII was associated with a 12% greater risk of developing CKMS (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: [1.08, 1.18]). RCS regression indicated a significant nonlinear positive association between the DII and the risk of developing CKMS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed a nonlinear positive association between the DII and the risk of developing CKMS in the U.S.</p><p><strong>Population: </strong>Further longitudinal studies are needed to establish causality and explore the underlying biological mechanisms involved.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11992876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meal skipping among adolescents in the Philippines: prevalence, associated factors, and associations with dietary, mental health, and health risk behavioural outcomes.","authors":"Supa Pengpid, Karl Peltzer, Thanh-Thao Nguyen-Thi, Isareethika Jayasvasti","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01118-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01118-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Meal skipping is poorly understood among adolescents in Southeast Asia. The study aimed to investigate the type of and any meal skipping prevalence, its associated factors (sociodemographic and protective) and associations between meal skipping types and dietary, mental, and various health risk behaviour outcomes among school adolescents in the Philippines.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The 2019 Philippines Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS), a nationally representative survey of teenagers aged 11 to 18 (mean age 13.8 years, Standard Deviation-SD = 1.5) that used a multistage sampling technique, provided the study's data. In order to determine the variables associated with meal skipping (breakfast, lunch, dinner, any meal) and associations of meal skipping with six dietary indicators, four mental health indicators, and ten health risk behaviours, the study used bivariate and multivariable multinomial and binary logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The past-month prevalence of most skipping breakfast was 37.1%, most skipping lunch 20.1%, most skipping dinner 10.8%, and any meal skipping 68.1%. Most of the students (89.1%) reported having been exposed to healthy eating classes in school, and 51.7% said that they cannot buy soft drinks in school. Female sex, older adolescents, lower socioeconomic status, not being religious, no school truancy, low or no peer and/or parental support were associated with meal (breakfast, lunch, and/or dinner) skipping. Exposure to skipping breakfast, lunch, dinner, or any meal increased the odds of low vegetable, soft drink, and fast-food intake, overweight, obesity, suicidal ideation, plan, attempt, psychological distress, sedentary behaviour, alcohol use, drug use, physical injury, poor hand, and oral hygiene, and not always wearing a seatbelt.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Almost seven in 10 adolescents skipped any meal in the past month. Sociodemographic and protective factors were associated with meal skipping. Exposure to meal skipping was associated with 15 out of 17 dietary, mental health, and other health risk behaviour outcomes. In order to lower various adverse health outcomes in adolescents, the results thus showed how important it is to improve in a regular meal pattern, particularly meal frequency and meal skipping. Interventions incorporating parental and peer engagement could be strengthened alongside school health education to effectively address meal skipping behaviours.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11992802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144026405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of low-carbohydrate diets patterns with the risk of hyperuricemia: a national representative cross-sectional study in Korea.","authors":"Seungyoun Jung, Yoon Jung Park","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01122-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01122-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between low-carbohydrate diets and hyperuricemia risk, a significant risk factor for gout and cardiometabolic morbidities, remains inconclusive, partly due to differing effects of replacing carbohydrates with animal- or plant-based macronutrients. This study examined associations between low-carbohydrate diet patterns and hyperuricemia risk in 39,880 adults in the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Study 2016-2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Diet was assessed via a 24-hour dietary recall. The overall, animal-rich, and plant-rich low-carbohydrate diet score (LCDS) was calculated based on percent energy derived from protein and fat in animal and plant food sources. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid levels > 7.0 mg/dL for men and > 6.0 mg/dL for women. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression models to estimate the risk of hyperuricemia across quintiles of LCDS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significantly greater risk of hyperuricemia was observed among individuals with higher overall LCDS (OR for quintile 5 vs. quintile 1 [Q5vs.Q1]: 1.41, 95%CI:1.22-1.63, P-trend: <0.001) and animal-rich LCDS (OR_Q5vs.Q1: 1.28, 95%CI:1.12-1.47, P-trend: <0.001), but not with plant-rich LCDS (OR_Q5vs.Q1: 1.00, 95%CI: 0.87-1.16). These positive associations for overall LCDS and animal-rich LCDS were evident in overweight individuals (OR_Q5vsQ1: 1.53, 95%CI: 1.29-1.82 for overall LCDS; and 1.39, 95%CI: 1.19-1.63 for animal-rich LCDS; all P-trends < 0.001), but not in non-overweight individuals (all P-interactions: <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In our study, animal-based low-carbohydrate diets were associated with a greater risk of hyperuricemia, while no association was observed for plant-based low-carbohydrate diets. Larger cohort studies are warranted to replicate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11992857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of cocoa flavanols in modulating peripheral and cerebral microvascular function in healthy individuals and populations at-risk of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review.","authors":"Sophie Richardson, Janice Marshall, Catarina Rendeiro","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01121-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01121-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cocoa flavanols (CFs) are polyphenolic molecules with proposed cardioprotective effects. Whilst extensive evidence supports their ability to ameliorate vasodilator responses within conduit vessels, their actions in the microvasculature are less clear. This systematic review of the literature aimed to determine whether CF interventions lead to improvements in microvascular vasodilator responses in healthy populations and those with increased cardiovascular disease risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Database searches were conducted up to September 2023 using Medline, Embase, Pubmed and Web of Science Core Collection to identify randomised, placebo-controlled, human studies investigating the effect of CF interventions on the microvasculature (at rest and vasodilator responses). All studies were assessed for risk of-bias according to Cochrane Collaboration recommendations for randomised-controlled trials, data were extracted from studies and findings collated by vote-counting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Searches identified 511 unique articles for screening, of which 19 were selected for data extraction. Vasodilator responses were enhanced in 85.7% (80.4-91.0%, p = 0.013) of all acute studies (n = 13), and in 81.8% (74.1-89.4%, p = 0.065) of studies in healthy subgroups (n = 11). Importantly, this effect was apparent in all studies with 'low risk of bias' (n = 8, p = 0.008). In contrast, there was no effect of acute CF interventions at rest. For chronic studies (n = 7), the effect of CFs was less clear, with a significant benefit reported at rest only, in all young, healthy subgroups (n = 7, p = 0.016), but no evidence of improvements in vasodilator responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CFs have the potential to improve microvascular function, particularly in healthy individuals, with benefits appearing more pronounced following acute CF supplementation. Despite this, interpretations are limited by the small number of comparable studies identified and the heterogeneity of populations studied. Overall, the effects of CFs on the microvasculature seem to be less consistent than previous evidence in the macrovasculature, suggesting that the microvessels may be less susceptible to the effect of CFs than conduit arteries.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>The PROSPERO registration number for this review is CRD42023483814.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11992872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144002926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neighbourhood out-of-home food environment, menu healthiness, and their associations with meal purchasing and diet quality: a multiverse analysis.","authors":"Yuru Huang, Thomas Burgoine, Christine M White, Matthew Keeble, Tom R P Bishop, David Hammond, Jean Adams","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01119-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-025-01119-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Governments worldwide have implemented various interventions to improve the healthiness of food offered by out-of-home outlets. However, there is limited evidence on whether healthier menus would influence individual dietary behaviours and quality. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated associations between different measures of the neighbourhood out-of-home food environment, incorporating menu healthiness, and out-of-home meal purchasing and diet quality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a sample of 3,481 adults in Great Britain (GB) with valid home postcodes from the 2021 International Food Policy Study. We linked this sample to a national database of food outlet geographical locations to characterise individuals' exposure to the out-of-home food environment. The exposure metrics included menu healthiness scores, availability, proximity, and relative composition of out-of-home food outlets in various neighbourhood buffers around the home (i.e., 500 - 1600 m). Outcomes considered were out-of-home meal consumption and overall diet quality. Using multiverse analyses, where multiple reasonable analytical choices can be tested, we investigated the associations between different exposure measures and these outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GB adults had access to an average of 97 (95% CI 91, 104) out-of-home food outlets within 1600 m of their homes. The number of both healthier and less healthy out-of-home food outlets was positively associated with the number of meals purchased out-of-home across all neighbourhood buffers, e.g., every 10 additional less healthy out-of-home food outlets within 500 m of the home corresponded to a 6% (95% CI = 2, 11) increase in the frequency of out-of-home meal purchases in the previous week. Proximity, relative composition, and menu healthiness of neighbourhood out-of-home outlets were not associated with out-of-home meal purchase frequency after adjusting for multiple comparisons. There were no consistent associations between out-of-home food environment exposures and diet quality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The only aspect of the neighbourhood out-of-home food environment associated with out-of-home meal purchase frequency was the number of out-of-home food outlets. Menu healthiness of out-of-home food outlets was not associated with how often people purchased out-of-home meals or overall diet quality. Interventions focusing on mitigating the proliferation of out-of-home food outlets may be more effective in changing individual dietary behaviour than those focusing on food served.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11983832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144033462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of canola oil on body weight and composition in adults: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of 32 randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Abbas Mohtashamian, Masoumeh Mahabady, Fatemeh Bagheri, Hanieh Barghchi, Azadeh Aminianfar","doi":"10.1186/s12937-025-01117-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-025-01117-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aim to provide an overview and update the current documents regarding the effect of canola oil (CO) compared to other dietary oils on body weight and composition in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ISI Web of Science were searched until Sepetember 2024 for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that assessed the effect of CO on anthropometric measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this systematic review and meta-analysis thirty-two studies were included. CO consumption significantly increased WHR (MD: 0.003 cm, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.005, P value: 0.003) and significantly decreased BMI (mean difference (MD): -0.127 kg/m², 95% C: -0.231, -0.024, P value: 0.016) However, it did not significantly affect other anthropometric measures (P > 0.05). Based on subgroup analysis, CO supplementation significantly reduced BW in studies on T2DM patients, with parallel design, on patients over 50 years old and with a dose of more than 30 g/d. It also significantly increased WC in trials with parallel design and on hyperlipidemia patients. In addition, CO supplementation significantly increased WHR in the majority of subgroups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared to other oil supplementation, CO could decrease BW, BMI and increase WHR, and WC in general or subgroup analysis. Further studies are needed to provide additional insight into how canola oil affects BW and composition in adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11980287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}