Nature Physics最新文献_第4页

Quantum thermodynamics for quantum computing

IF 17.6 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02764-x

Machiel S. Blok, Gabriel T. Landi

引用次数: 0

Murmurations of electric dipoles

IF 19.6 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02777-6

J. M. Gregg

引用次数: 0

Magnetic fields take the lead in ultracold reactions

IF 17.6 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02756-x

Timur V. Tscherbul

引用次数: 0

A many-body quantum register for a spin qubit

IF 19.6 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02746-z

Martin Hayhurst Appel, Alexander Ghorbal, Noah Shofer, Leon Zaporski, Santanu Manna, Saimon Filipe Covre da Silva, Urs Haeusler, Claire Le Gall, Armando Rastelli, Dorian A. Gangloff, Mete Atatüre

{"title":"A many-body quantum register for a spin qubit","authors":"Martin Hayhurst Appel, Alexander Ghorbal, Noah Shofer, Leon Zaporski, Santanu Manna, Saimon Filipe Covre da Silva, Urs Haeusler, Claire Le Gall, Armando Rastelli, Dorian A. Gangloff, Mete Atatüre","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02746-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-024-02746-z","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum networks require quantum nodes with coherent optical interfaces and several stationary qubits. In terms of optical properties, semiconductor quantum dots are highly compelling, but their adoption as quantum nodes has been impaired by the lack of auxiliary qubits. Here we demonstrate that the dense, always-present, nuclear spin ensemble surrounding a gallium arsenide quantum dot can be used as a functional quantum register. We prepared 13,000 host nuclear spins in a single many-body dark state that acts as a logical state of the register. A second logical state is defined as a single nuclear-magnon excitation, enabling controlled quantum-state transfer between an electron spin qubit in the quantum dot and the nuclear magnonic register. Using SWAP gates, we implemented a full write–store–retrieve-read-out protocol with 68.6(4)% raw overall fidelity and a storage time of 130(16) μs, which could be extended to 20 ms or beyond using dynamical decoupling techniques. Our work establishes how many-body physics can add functionality to quantum devices, in this case transforming quantum dots into multi-qubit quantum nodes with deterministic registers.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental fault-tolerant code switching

IF 17.6 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02727-2

Ivan Pogorelov, Friederike Butt, Lukas Postler, Christian D. Marciniak, Philipp Schindler, Markus Müller, Thomas Monz

{"title":"Experimental fault-tolerant code switching","authors":"Ivan Pogorelov, Friederike Butt, Lukas Postler, Christian D. Marciniak, Philipp Schindler, Markus Müller, Thomas Monz","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02727-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02727-2","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum error correction is essential for mitigating hardware errors in quantum computers by encoding logical information into several physical qubits. However, no single error-correcting code intrinsically supports a fault-tolerant implementation of all the gates needed for universal quantum computing. One approach for addressing this problem is to switch between two suitable error-correcting codes that in combination provide a fault-tolerant universal gate set. Here we present the experimental implementation of fault-tolerant code switching between two different codes in a trapped-ion processor. We switch between the 7-qubit colour code, which features fault-tolerant CNOT and H quantum gates, and the 10-qubit code, which allows for a fault-tolerant T gate implementation. Together, these codes form a complementary universal gate set. We construct logical circuits and prepare 12 different logical states that are not accessible natively in a fault-tolerant way within a single code. Finally, we use code switching to entangle two logical qubits using the full universal gate set in a single logical quantum circuit. Our results experimentally demonstrate a route towards deterministic control over logical qubits with low auxiliary qubit overhead and without relying on the probabilistic preparation of resource states. Quantum error correction is essential for reliable quantum computing, but no single code supports all required fault-tolerant gates. The demonstration of switching between two codes now enables universal quantum computation with reduced overhead.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"21 2","pages":"298-303"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Time-hidden magnetic order in a multi-orbital Mott insulator 多轨道Mott绝缘体的时隐磁序

IF 19.6 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02752-1

Xinwei Li, Iliya Esin, Youngjoon Han, Yincheng Liu, Hengdi Zhao, Honglie Ning, Cora Barrett, Jun-Yi Shan, Kyle Seyler, Gang Cao, Gil Refael, David Hsieh

{"title":"Time-hidden magnetic order in a multi-orbital Mott insulator","authors":"Xinwei Li, Iliya Esin, Youngjoon Han, Yincheng Liu, Hengdi Zhao, Honglie Ning, Cora Barrett, Jun-Yi Shan, Kyle Seyler, Gang Cao, Gil Refael, David Hsieh","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02752-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-024-02752-1","url":null,"abstract":"Photo-excited quantum materials can be driven into thermally inaccessible metastable states that exhibit structural, charge, spin, topological and superconducting orders. Metastable states typically emerge on timescales set by the intrinsic electronic and phononic energy scales, ranging from femtoseconds to picoseconds, and can persist for weeks. Therefore, studies have primarily focused on ultrafast or quasi-static limits, leaving the intermediate time window less explored. Here we reveal a metastable state with broken glide-plane symmetry in photo-doped Ca2RuO4 using time-resolved optical second-harmonic generation and birefringence measurements. We find that the metastable state appears long after intralayer antiferromagnetic order has melted and photo-carriers have recombined. Its properties are distinct from all known states in the equilibrium phase diagram and are consistent with intralayer ferromagnetic order. Furthermore, model Hamiltonian calculations reveal that a non-thermal trajectory to this state can be accessed via photo-doping. Our results expand the search space for out-of-equilibrium electronic matter to metastable states emerging at intermediate timescales.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gauge theories on a quantum computer 量子计算机上的规范理论

IF 17.6 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02758-9

Karel Van Acoleyen

引用次数: 0

Where analogue and digital meet 模拟和数字的交集在哪里

IF 17.6 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02755-y

Kai-Niklas Schymik

引用次数: 0

Free-electron quantum optics 自由电子量子光学

IF 17.6 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02743-2

Ron Ruimy, Aviv Karnieli, Ido Kaminer

{"title":"Free-electron quantum optics","authors":"Ron Ruimy, Aviv Karnieli, Ido Kaminer","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02743-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02743-2","url":null,"abstract":"Recent theoretical and experimental breakthroughs have given rise to the emerging field of free-electron quantum optics, reshaping the understanding of free-electron physics. Traditionally rooted in classical electrodynamics, this field now reveals quantum-mechanical features that necessitate the frameworks of quantum electrodynamics and quantum optics. This shift compels a re-evaluation of well-established areas, bringing quantum-mechanical corrections to accelerator science and to electron-radiation phenomena. Simultaneously, the ability to shape single-electron wavefunctions opens new possibilities in microscopy and spectroscopy. These developments are primarily driven by innovations in electron microscopy and its intersection with laser science, where laser-driven electron modulation substantially influences quantum electron interactions with light and matter. In this Perspective, we review these developments, highlighting the current challenges and future opportunities. We explore the role of the free electron as a quantum resource, complementing conventional two-level systems and harmonic oscillators. In the coming years, free electrons may offer new modalities for reading and writing quantum information on ultrafast timescales, performing quantum-state tomography, and ultrafast quantum gates on the atomic scale. Free-electron quantum optics is an emerging field that requires a quantum-mechanical description of both the electronic and the optical contributions. This Perspective summarizes recent developments and discusses challenges and opportunities.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"21 2","pages":"193-200"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142992196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Programmable simulations of molecules and materials with reconfigurable quantum processors 可编程模拟分子和材料与可重构量子处理器

IF 17.6 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02738-z

Nishad Maskara, Stefan Ostermann, James Shee, Marcin Kalinowski, Abigail McClain Gomez, Rodrigo Araiza Bravo, Derek S. Wang, Anna I. Krylov, Norman Y. Yao, Martin Head-Gordon, Mikhail D. Lukin, Susanne F. Yelin

{"title":"Programmable simulations of molecules and materials with reconfigurable quantum processors","authors":"Nishad Maskara, Stefan Ostermann, James Shee, Marcin Kalinowski, Abigail McClain Gomez, Rodrigo Araiza Bravo, Derek S. Wang, Anna I. Krylov, Norman Y. Yao, Martin Head-Gordon, Mikhail D. Lukin, Susanne F. Yelin","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02738-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-024-02738-z","url":null,"abstract":"Simulations of quantum chemistry and quantum materials are believed to be among the most important applications of quantum information processors. However, realizing practical quantum advantage for such problems is challenging because of the prohibitive computational cost of programming typical problems into quantum hardware. Here we introduce a simulation framework for strongly correlated quantum systems represented by model spin Hamiltonians that uses reconfigurable qubit architectures to simulate real-time dynamics in a programmable way. Our approach also introduces an algorithm for extracting chemically relevant spectral properties via classical co-processing of quantum measurement results. We develop a digital–analogue simulation toolbox for efficient Hamiltonian time evolution using digital Floquet engineering and hardware-optimized multi-qubit operations to accurately realize complex spin–spin interactions. As an example, we propose an implementation based on Rydberg atom arrays. In addition, we show how detailed spectral information can be extracted from the dynamics through snapshot measurements and single-ancilla control, enabling the evaluation of excitation energies and finite-temperature susceptibilities from a single dataset. To illustrate the approach, we show how to use the method to compute key properties of a polynuclear transition-metal catalyst and two-dimensional magnetic materials. Quantum simulations of chemistry and materials are challenging due to the complexity of correlated systems. A framework based on reconfigurable qubit architectures and digital–analogue simulations provides a hardware-efficient path forwards.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"21 2","pages":"289-297"},"PeriodicalIF":17.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-024-02738-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142991877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0