Nature MaterialsPub Date : 2025-02-24DOI: 10.1038/s41563-025-02140-x
T. D. Wilkinson
{"title":"Flat optics for augmented-reality headsets","authors":"T. D. Wilkinson","doi":"10.1038/s41563-025-02140-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-025-02140-x","url":null,"abstract":"A soft plastic replication process akin to the fabrication of compact discs enables the fabrication of achromatic metalenses suitable for the mass production of holographic near-eye displays.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"24 4","pages":"478-479"},"PeriodicalIF":37.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature MaterialsPub Date : 2025-02-24DOI: 10.1038/s41563-025-02124-x
Woojoong Kim, Kyuho Lee, Sanghyeon Choi, Eunje Park, Gwanho Kim, Jebong Ha, Yeeun Kim, Jihye Jang, Ji Hye Oh, HoYeon Kim, Wei Jiang, Jioh Yoo, Taebin Kim, Yeonji Kim, Kwan-Nyeong Kim, Juntaek Hong, Ali Javey, Dong-wook Rha, Tae-Woo Lee, Keehoon Kang, Gunuk Wang, Cheolmin Park
{"title":"Electrochemiluminescent tactile visual synapse enabling in situ health monitoring","authors":"Woojoong Kim, Kyuho Lee, Sanghyeon Choi, Eunje Park, Gwanho Kim, Jebong Ha, Yeeun Kim, Jihye Jang, Ji Hye Oh, HoYeon Kim, Wei Jiang, Jioh Yoo, Taebin Kim, Yeonji Kim, Kwan-Nyeong Kim, Juntaek Hong, Ali Javey, Dong-wook Rha, Tae-Woo Lee, Keehoon Kang, Gunuk Wang, Cheolmin Park","doi":"10.1038/s41563-025-02124-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-025-02124-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tactile visual synapses combine the functionality of tactile artificial synapses with the ability to visualize their activity in real time and provide a direct and intuitive visualization of the activity, offering an efficient route for in situ health monitoring. Herein we present a tactile visual synapse that enables in situ monitoring of finger rehabilitation and electrocardiogram analysis. Repetitive finger flexion and various arrhythmias are monitored and visually guided using the developed tactile visual synapse combined with an electrical and optical output feedback algorithm. The tactile visual synapse has the structure of an electrochemical transistor comprising an elastomeric top gate as a tactile receptor and an electrochemiluminescent ion gel as a light-emitting layer stacked on a polymeric semiconductor layer, forming an electrical synaptic channel between source and drain electrodes. The low-power (~34 μW) visualization of the tactile synaptic activity associated with the repetitive motions of fingers and heartbeats enables the development of a convenient and efficient personalized healthcare system.</p>","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":41.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature MaterialsPub Date : 2025-02-24DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-02115-4
Jooli Han, Maria Kanelli, Yang Liu, John L. Daristotle, Apurva Pardeshi, Timothy A. Forster, Ari Karchin, Brandon Folk, Lukas Murmann, Lisa H. Tostanoski, Sebastian E. Carrasco, Shahad K. Alsaiari, Erika Yan Wang, Khanh Tran, Linzixuan Zhang, Behnaz Eshaghi, Lauren Levy, Sydney Pyon, Charles Sloane, Stacey Qiaohui Lin, Alicia Lau, Collin F. Perkinson, Moungi G. Bawendi, Dan H. Barouch, Frédo Durand, Robert Langer, Ana Jaklenec
{"title":"On-patient medical record and mRNA therapeutics using intradermal microneedles","authors":"Jooli Han, Maria Kanelli, Yang Liu, John L. Daristotle, Apurva Pardeshi, Timothy A. Forster, Ari Karchin, Brandon Folk, Lukas Murmann, Lisa H. Tostanoski, Sebastian E. Carrasco, Shahad K. Alsaiari, Erika Yan Wang, Khanh Tran, Linzixuan Zhang, Behnaz Eshaghi, Lauren Levy, Sydney Pyon, Charles Sloane, Stacey Qiaohui Lin, Alicia Lau, Collin F. Perkinson, Moungi G. Bawendi, Dan H. Barouch, Frédo Durand, Robert Langer, Ana Jaklenec","doi":"10.1038/s41563-024-02115-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-024-02115-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Medical interventions often require timed series of doses, thus necessitating accurate medical record-keeping. In many global settings, these records are unreliable or unavailable at the point of care, leading to less effective treatments or disease prevention. Here we present an invisible-to-the-naked-eye on-patient medical record-keeping technology that accurately stores medical information in the patient skin as part of microneedles that are used for intradermal therapeutics. We optimize the microneedle design for both a reliable delivery of messenger RNA (mRNA) therapeutics and the near-infrared fluorescent microparticles that encode the on-patient medical record-keeping. Deep learning-based image processing enables encoding and decoding of the information with excellent temporal and spatial robustness. Long-term studies in a swine model demonstrate the safety, efficacy and reliability of this approach for the co-delivery of on-patient medical record-keeping and the mRNA vaccine encoding severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This technology could help healthcare workers make informed decisions in circumstances where reliable record-keeping is unavailable, thus contributing to global healthcare equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":41.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Roll-to-plate printable RGB achromatic metalens for wide-field-of-view holographic near-eye displays","authors":"Minseok Choi, Joohoon Kim, Seokil Moon, Kilsoo Shin, Seung-Woo Nam, Yujin Park, Dohyun Kang, Gyoseon Jeon, Kyung-il Lee, Dong Hyun Yoon, Yoonchan Jeong, Chang-Kun Lee, Junsuk Rho","doi":"10.1038/s41563-025-02121-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-025-02121-0","url":null,"abstract":"Metalenses show promise for replacing conventional lenses in virtual reality systems, thereby facilitating lighter and more compact near-eye displays (NEDs). However, at the centimetre scale necessary for practical applications, previous multiwavelength achromatic metalenses have faced challenges in mass production and exhibited a low numerical aperture (NA), which limits their practical application in NEDs. Here we introduce a centimetre-scale red, green and blue achromatic metalens fabricated using a roll-to-plate technique and explore its potential for practical applications in NEDs. This metalens is designed through topological inverse design utilizing a finite-difference time-domain simulation for entire areas (~10,000λ). Our design method demonstrates the ability to compensate chromatic aberrations even at the centimetre scale and high NA with low-index materials such as resin suitable for scalable manufacturing. In addition, we developed a compact NED by integrating the metalens with computer-generated holography (CGH). In this NED system, the high-NA metalens address the limitations of narrow field of view and extensive empty space typical of conventional CGH-based NEDs. The CGH optimization model further resolves the challenges of broadband operation and off-axis aberration in centimetre-scale red, green and blue achromatic metalenses. Using a topological inverse design process with finite-difference time-domain simulations, the authors fabricate high-numerical-aperture red, green and blue achromatic metalenses for compact near-eye displays using a scalable roll-to-plate technique.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"24 4","pages":"535-543"},"PeriodicalIF":37.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Graphene rolls with tunable chirality","authors":"Enbing Zhang, Shuaishuai Ding, Xiaopeng Li, Xiangyun Ma, Xiaoqing Gao, Lei Liu, Yongtao Shen, Shiyu Cheng, Wenbo Mi, Yunlong Zhou, Guangyuan Feng, Yaru Song, Xiaojuan Li, Yunjia Xue, Kaiyao Xin, Xin Zeng, Qinyuan Jiang, Rufan Zhang, Xinfeng Liu, Zhongming Wei, Qingdao Zeng, Bin Wang, Qifeng Li, Ji Liu, Jing Yan, Shengbin Lei, Yanlian Yang, Wenping Hu","doi":"10.1038/s41563-025-02127-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-025-02127-8","url":null,"abstract":"Creating chirality in achiral graphene and other two-dimensional materials has attracted broad scientific interest due to their potential application in advanced optics, electronics and spintronics. However, investigations into their optical activities and related chiro-electronic properties are constrained by experimental challenges, particularly in the precise control over the chirality of these materials. Here a universal wax-aided immersion method is developed to yield graphene rolls with controllable chiral angles, and the method can be generalized in other two-dimensional materials for high-yield fabrication. The left-handed and right-handed rolls exhibit optical activity and excellent spin selectivity effects with a spin polarization over 90% at room temperature. The discovery of tunable chirality-induced spin selectivity in tailored roll-shaped allotropes, achievable only through precise control of chirality, distinguishes itself from other carbon materials or existing chiral materials. Our Dirac fermion model shows that the electrons moving predominately along one side of the chiral roll develop a preferred spin polarization, and the rolling-chirality-induced spin selectivity is a result of this finite spin selectivity effect. Our method opens up opportunities for endowing achiral two-dimensional materials with tunable chirality, and may enable the emergence of quantum behaviours and room-temperature spintronic technologies. A wax-aided immersion methodology is developed to yield graphene rolls with tunable chiral angles; these graphene rolls exhibit promising chiral electronic properties beyond those of other carbon allotropes.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"24 3","pages":"377-383"},"PeriodicalIF":37.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143462166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature MaterialsPub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1038/s41563-025-02151-8
Hiroshi M. Yamamoto
{"title":"Rolling carbon on a rock","authors":"Hiroshi M. Yamamoto","doi":"10.1038/s41563-025-02151-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-025-02151-8","url":null,"abstract":"A method is reported to create chiral rolls from two-dimensional atomic layers such as graphene with controlled rolling angles, which show optical activity and spin-selective transport dependent on the chiral lattice structures.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"24 3","pages":"330-331"},"PeriodicalIF":37.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143462164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature MaterialsPub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1038/s41563-025-02133-w
Amy J. Thompson, Bowie S. K. Chong, Elise P. Kenny, Jack D. Evans, Joshua A. Powell, Mark A. Spackman, John C. McMurtrie, Benjamin J. Powell, Jack K. Clegg
{"title":"Origins of elasticity in molecular materials","authors":"Amy J. Thompson, Bowie S. K. Chong, Elise P. Kenny, Jack D. Evans, Joshua A. Powell, Mark A. Spackman, John C. McMurtrie, Benjamin J. Powell, Jack K. Clegg","doi":"10.1038/s41563-025-02133-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-025-02133-w","url":null,"abstract":"Elasticity is ubiquitous and produces a spontaneously reversible response to applied stress1. Despite the utility and importance of this property in regard to scientific and engineering applications, the atomic-scale location of the force that returns an object to its original shape remains elusive in molecular crystals. Here we use a series of density functional theory calculations to locate precisely where the energy is stored when single crystals of three molecular materials are placed under elastic stress. We show for each material that different intermolecular interactions are responsible for the restoring force under both expansive and compressive strain. These findings provide insight into the elastic behaviour of crystalline materials that is needed for more efficient design of flexible technologies and future smart devices. Elasticity is ubiquitous in everyday life, but the molecular origin of the restoring force remains elusive. Here the authors use a series of density functional theory calculations to understand how interaction energies change as a result of the bending of molecular crystals.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"24 3","pages":"356-360"},"PeriodicalIF":37.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143462165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature MaterialsPub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1038/s41563-025-02157-2
Emanuela Del Gado
{"title":"When stars make loopy networks","authors":"Emanuela Del Gado","doi":"10.1038/s41563-025-02157-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-025-02157-2","url":null,"abstract":"The high-frequency elastic response reveals interpenetrated and polycatenated structures in DNA nanostar network materials.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"24 3","pages":"340-341"},"PeriodicalIF":37.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143462252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature MaterialsPub Date : 2025-02-20DOI: 10.1038/s41563-025-02179-w
Mateusz Kędziora, Andrzej Opala, Rosanna Mastria, Luisa De Marco, Mateusz Król, Karolina Łempicka-Mirek, Krzysztof Tyszka, Marek Ekielski, Marek Guziewicz, Karolina Bogdanowicz, Anna Szerling, Helgi Sigurðsson, Tomasz Czyszanowski, Jacek Szczytko, Michał Matuszewski, Daniele Sanvitto, Barbara Piętka
{"title":"Author Correction: Predesigned perovskite crystal waveguides for room-temperature exciton–polariton condensation and edge lasing","authors":"Mateusz Kędziora, Andrzej Opala, Rosanna Mastria, Luisa De Marco, Mateusz Król, Karolina Łempicka-Mirek, Krzysztof Tyszka, Marek Ekielski, Marek Guziewicz, Karolina Bogdanowicz, Anna Szerling, Helgi Sigurðsson, Tomasz Czyszanowski, Jacek Szczytko, Michał Matuszewski, Daniele Sanvitto, Barbara Piętka","doi":"10.1038/s41563-025-02179-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-025-02179-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Correction to: <i>Nature Materials</i> https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-024-01980-3, published online 19 August 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":41.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143452033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature MaterialsPub Date : 2025-02-19DOI: 10.1038/s41563-025-02129-6
Yinming Shao, Florian Dirnberger, Siyuan Qiu, Swagata Acharya, Sophia Terres, Evan J. Telford, Dimitar Pashov, Brian S. Y. Kim, Francesco L. Ruta, Daniel G. Chica, Avalon H. Dismukes, Michael E. Ziebel, Yiping Wang, Jeongheon Choe, Youn Jue Bae, Andrew J. Millis, Mikhail I. Katsnelson, Kseniia Mosina, Zdenek Sofer, Rupert Huber, Xiaoyang Zhu, Xavier Roy, Mark van Schilfgaarde, Alexey Chernikov, D. N. Basov
{"title":"Magnetically confined surface and bulk excitons in a layered antiferromagnet","authors":"Yinming Shao, Florian Dirnberger, Siyuan Qiu, Swagata Acharya, Sophia Terres, Evan J. Telford, Dimitar Pashov, Brian S. Y. Kim, Francesco L. Ruta, Daniel G. Chica, Avalon H. Dismukes, Michael E. Ziebel, Yiping Wang, Jeongheon Choe, Youn Jue Bae, Andrew J. Millis, Mikhail I. Katsnelson, Kseniia Mosina, Zdenek Sofer, Rupert Huber, Xiaoyang Zhu, Xavier Roy, Mark van Schilfgaarde, Alexey Chernikov, D. N. Basov","doi":"10.1038/s41563-025-02129-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41563-025-02129-6","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of two-dimensional van der Waals magnets has greatly expanded our ability to create and control nanoscale quantum phases. A unique capability emerges when a two-dimensional magnet is also a semiconductor that features tightly bound excitons with large oscillator strengths that fundamentally determine the optical response and are tunable with magnetic fields. Here we report a previously unidentified type of optical excitation—a magnetic surface exciton—enabled by the antiferromagnetic spin correlations that confine excitons to the surface of CrSBr. Magnetic surface excitons exhibit stronger Coulomb attraction, leading to a higher binding energy than excitons confined in bulk layers, and profoundly alter the optical response of few-layer crystals. Distinct magnetic confinement of surface and bulk excitons is established by layer- and temperature-dependent exciton reflection spectroscopy and corroborated by ab initio many-body perturbation theory calculations. By quenching interlayer excitonic interactions, the antiferromagnetic order of CrSBr strictly confines the bound electron–hole pairs within the same layer, regardless of the total number of layers. Our work unveils unique confined excitons in a layered antiferromagnet, highlighting magnetic interactions as a vital approach for nanoscale quantum confinement, from few layers to the bulk limit. The emergence of magnetically confined surface excitons enabled by antiferromagnetic spin correlations is reported, which leads to the confinement of excitons to the surface of layered antiferromagnet CrSBr.","PeriodicalId":19058,"journal":{"name":"Nature Materials","volume":"24 3","pages":"391-398"},"PeriodicalIF":37.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143443728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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