Nanoscale Advances最新文献

{"title":"Photocatalytic degradation of malachite green over a Fe₃O₄/ZnO S-scheme heterojunction: experimental and DFT insights.","authors":"Navneet Kaur, Ahmad F Hama Sdiq, Hani K Ismail, Rahul Saxena, Subhashree Ray, Harvinder Singh Sohal, Haesook Han, Aliyeva Sevda Hasan, Pradip K Bhowmik, Manvinder Kaur","doi":"10.1039/d6na00621c","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d6na00621c","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using a combination of computational and experimental methods, a magnetic Fe₃O₄/ZnO S-scheme heterostructure was established for the effective photocatalytic degradation of malachite green (MG). A mesoporous heterostructure with improved light absorption, effective charge separation, and outstanding magnetic recoverability was confirmed by the thorough characterization of the catalyst's structural, optical, magnetic, and electrochemical properties. By adjusting the irradiation source, catalyst dosage, pH, and coexisting ions, the photocatalytic performance was maximized. The catalyst reached 96.58 ± 0.34% degradation with a pseudo-first-order rate constant of 0.0322 ± 0.0056 min^-1 under ideal conditions of 30 mg L^-1 catalyst and 200 mg L^-1 MG at pH 3 under UV light. While VSM analysis showed an adequate magnetic response for easy catalyst separation, electrochemical investigations also indicated enhanced interfacial charge transfer. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations at the B3LYP/6-311G(d) level indicated an energy gap of 1.5259 eV for MG and identified aromatic rings and electron-rich nitrogen atoms as the preferred locations for oxidative attack, offering molecular-level insights into the degradation mechanism. A structure-reactivity link between MG and Fe₃O₄/ZnO was revealed by the combined experimental and theoretical data. This work offers a potential approach to sustainable wastewater cleanup by integrating DFT analysis with a recyclable Fe₃O₄/ZnO S-scheme heterostructure.</p>","PeriodicalId":18806,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13673664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase-controlled growth of Ni or Ni₂Si nanoparticles from NiCl₂-modified polycarbosilanes: understanding the role of solvents in the reaction medium.","authors":"Gabriel Soldi de Souza, Marwan Ben Miled, Eduardo Rosado, S S Lokesh Vendra, Severine Barcina, Pierre Carles, Ricardo Machado, Yuji Iwamoto, Assil Bouzid, Aurélien Habrioux, Olivier Masson, Samuel Bernard","doi":"10.1039/d6na00574h","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d6na00574h","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The key role of solvents used during the modification of allylhydridopolycarbosilane (AHPCS) by nickel chloride (NiCl₂) was investigated in order to offer a valuable toolkit for tuning the nanoparticle phase (<i>e.g.</i>, Ni or Ni₂Si), matrix composition and texture of the nanocomposites formed upon heat-treatment of Ni-modified AHPCS at 500 °C.</p>","PeriodicalId":18806,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13647582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149137218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of nanocrystalline nickel oxide for detection of triethylamine and fish spoilage monitoring.","authors":"Reinaldo S Theodoro, Gustavo S M Santos, Henrique S Gropelo, Breno O Martins, Tarcísio M Perfecto, Diogo P Volanti","doi":"10.1039/d6na00686h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6na00686h","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fish and seafood freshness can be monitored through volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released during spoilage, especially volatile nitrogenous compounds (VNCs) such as triethylamine (TEA). Consuming spoiled seafood can lead to serious health issues such as food poisoning, gastrointestinal problems, and intoxication, emphasising the importance of accurate real-time monitoring techniques. P-type semiconducting metal oxides (SMO _<i>x</i> ), particularly pristine binary materials, are attractive candidates for gas sensing due to their low cost and ease of synthesis. In this work, we demonstrated that the crystallite and particle sizes of nickel(ii) oxide (NiO) nanoparticles strongly affect TEA sensing performance. NiO nanoparticles annealed at 500 °C (NiO-500) showed the best sensor response (233.7 ± 9.3%) to 100 ppm TEA at 300 °C under dry air, with excellent repeatability and long-term stability. The sensor achieved experimental and theoretical detection limits of 1 ppm and 125 ppb, respectively. The NiO-500 sensor was subsequently used to monitor the spoilage of Nile tilapia under room-temperature and refrigerated storage conditions. At room temperature, VOC emissions were detected after 22 h, primarily from VNCs such as trimethylamine (TMA), indicating rapid spoilage. In contrast, refrigerated samples showed only very low VNC emissions after 6 days of storage. These findings highlight the potential of pristine SMO _<i>x</i> -based gas sensors as simple, low-cost, and viable alternatives for monitoring the freshness of fish and seafood.</p>","PeriodicalId":18806,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a highly stable biogenic palladium nanocatalyst for industrially relevant and sustainable nitro reduction.","authors":"Hemal B Rathod, Yashasvi N Desai, Paresh N Patel","doi":"10.1039/d6na00568c","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d6na00568c","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The catalytic reduction of nitroarenes to aromatic amines is an important transformation for environmental remediation and industrial production of valuable chemicals. In this study, we report the use of a biogenic palladium nanoparticle (AtPdNP) synthesized by the <i>Aspergillus trinidadensis</i> VM ST01' OL587588 fungus for the highly efficient and selective reduction of various nitro compounds. The reduction reactions are successfully carried out in a green aqueous medium at room temperature under mild conditions with sodium borohydride (NaBH₄) as the hydride source. The AtPdNP catalyst shows good functional group tolerance over a broad range of aromatic ring systems, including monocyclic, bicyclic, polycyclic and heterocyclic scaffolds. The catalyst exhibits excellent conversions (90-100%) and high isolated yields (80-95%) within short reaction times of 30 to 60 min. Additionally, the AtPdNP shows remarkable chemoselectivity, which enabled the efficient reduction of halogen-substituted nitroarenes without any unwanted side reaction of dehalogenation. Importantly, it shows excellent chemoselectivity between ketone/aldehyde and nitro groups by reducing only the nitro functionality using hydrogen gas. Besides catalytic efficiency, the heterogeneous AtPdNP demonstrates outstanding practical stability with high catalytic activity (>90% conversion and >80% isolated yields) throughout 10 successive reaction cycles. The catalyst also retains its intrinsic activity over a 12 month storage period under ambient conditions. Extreme thermo-mechanical stress studies show no leaching of palladium into the aqueous phase, demonstrating the strong anchoring of Pd nanoparticles within the fungal biomass matrix. Overall, the AtPdNP catalyst is a robust, sustainable and highly reliable heterogeneous platform for selective reduction of nitroaromatics.</p>","PeriodicalId":18806,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laser-assisted p-PANI/n-CdS/p-Si dual-heterojunction architecture for UV/Vis/NIR wavelength detection.","authors":"Shahad Raji, Ethar Yahya Salih, Asaad A H AlZubaidi, Mohammed Haider Sami","doi":"10.1039/d6na00662k","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d6na00662k","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this article, a novel p-PANI/n-CdS/p-Si dual-heterostructured photodetector is constructed using combined pulsed-laser-deposited CdS and localized laser-assisted coated PANI, enabling binary independently photo-active interfaces in a single heterojunction design. The microstructural and optical examination demonstrated successful CdS and PANI formation with optical bandgaps of 2.37 eV and 1.67 eV, respectively. The intended dual-junction design revealed pronounced rectification profiles, with ratios of 9.1 and 6.7 for p-PANI/n-CdS and n-CdS/p-Si, respectively. The former exhibited an enhanced photo-detection mechanism at 460 nm with responsivity and detectivity of 45.82 mA W^-1 and 8.5 × 10¹⁰ Jones, respectively, while the latter demonstrated values of 417.75 mA W^-1 and 2.58 × 10¹¹ Jones, respectively, at 530 nm, along with remarkable performance in the NIR region (808 nm) owing to the p-Si wafer contribution. Both considered heterostructures exhibited excellent linear power dependency, with <i>R</i> ² ≈ 1. The dual-heterostructure demonstrated a rapid switching profile, with rise/fall times of 79/88 ms and 82/87 ms, respectively; the operational durability of the intended device revealed outstanding performance, retaining 93.7% and 87% for p-PANI/n-CdS and n-CdS/p-Si, respectively, over four weeks. The synergistic operation of the dual-heterostructure enables effective carrier separation and wavelength selection in the UV, Vis, and NIR regions, allowing an effective workflow for emerging high-performance multi-wavelength photo-detection based on hybrid organic/inorganic semiconductor design.</p>","PeriodicalId":18806,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13617752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First-principles investigation of the gas-sensing performance of Ti/Sn dual-functionalized carbon nano-onions for atmospheric gases: a DFT study.","authors":"Tabe N Ntui, Joy O Uket, David John, Francisca Bassey, Abosede Adejoke Badeji","doi":"10.1039/d6na00369a","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d6na00369a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explores the gas-sensing capabilities of Ti/Sn dual-functionalized carbon nano-onion (TiSn@CNO) nanostructured systems by density functional theory (DFT) using the B3LYP-D3/Def2-SVP computational approach. The electronic analysis of the pristine and functionalized derivatives reveals a systematic decrease in the HOMO-LUMO energy gap (Δ<i>E</i>) from 1.918 eV (pristine CNO) to 1.714 eV (Sn@CNO), 1.400 eV (Ti@CNO), and 1.389 eV (TiSn@CNO), indicating an increase in electronic responsiveness with metal addition. When a gas is adsorbed on TiSn@CNO, the energy gaps of TiSn@CNO are further reduced to around 1.277 eV. Based on the interacting gas, the CO-TiSn@CNO system exhibited the most significant Δ<i>E</i> decrease (1.277 eV), while the NO₂-TiSn@CNO system exhibited the most significant increase (1.603 eV), depicting that the device responds to these gases differently. The results of the adsorption energy show that all surface interactions are thermodynamically favourable, with a range of -0.020243 to -0.107616 a.u. Weak adsorption is observed with CH₄ ^-, and CO₂ ^-, while strong adsorption is obtained for the H₂O-, H₂S-, and NH₃-TiSn@CNO systems. In general, the energy gap results, together with the negative adsorption energies, confirm that these systems are thermodynamically favourable for potential application in atmospheric gas sensors.</p>","PeriodicalId":18806,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13617450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of green-synthesized CeO₂-rich and multi-rare-earth-containing oxide-rich nanoparticles prepared using <i>Moringa oleifera</i> seed extract: physicochemical characterization and preliminary cell-free screening.","authors":"Nader Anis, Nada Emam, Mona M Khalifa, A I L Abd El Fatah","doi":"10.1039/d6na00394j","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d6na00394j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fresh aqueous extracts were independently prepared from the same collected <i>Moringa oleifera</i> seed lot and used as biogenic media for the paired preparation of CeO₂-rich nanoparticles (CeO₂ NPs) and Ce-rich, multi-rare-earth-containing oxide-rich nanoparticles (multi-REO NPs). Three independent synthesis batches were prepared for each nanoparticle system under standardized extraction and harmonized reaction and post-synthesis conditions. The physicochemical properties of both nanoparticle systems were investigated using UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDS analysis/mapping, TEM/SAED, DLS, and zeta-potential measurements, while HPLC profiling was performed to characterize the phytochemical constituents of the <i>M. oleifera</i> seed extract. TEM analysis showed that CeO₂ NPs were predominantly quasi-spherical, with projected particle dimensions of approximately 5-15 nm, whereas multi-REO NPs exhibited larger projected particle dimensions of approximately 20-60 nm. Multi-REO NPs also exhibited more numerous and comparatively better-resolved diffraction features based on XRD and TEM-SAED analyses. Zeta-potential measurements revealed stronger electrostatic stabilization for CeO₂ NPs (-25.5 mV) than for multi-REO NPs (-5.09 mV). Multi-REO NPs generally produced greater apparent cell-free assay responses than CeO₂ NPs at equivalent concentrations. Multi-REO NPs exhibited estimated IC₅₀ values of 115.3 and 88.2 µg mL^-1 for DPPH˙ and ABTS˙⁺ scavenging, respectively, compared with 71.4 and 55.5 µg mL^-1 for ascorbic acid. The estimated IC₅₀ values were 129.1 µg mL^-1 for α-amylase inhibition, compared with 79.57 µg mL^-1 for acarbose, and 159.6 µg mL^-1 for BSA thermal-denaturation inhibition, compared with 121.5 µg mL^-1 for diclofenac sodium. CeO₂ NPs did not reach 50% response within the tested range for these endpoints, whereas neither nanoparticle system exhibited a monotonic concentration-dependent AChE-inhibitory response. Overall, the two compositionally distinct nanoparticle systems exhibited different physicochemical, colloidal, and assay-specific profiles, with multi-REO NPs generally showing greater cell-free responses. However, the findings do not establish rare-earth synergy, biological safety, or therapeutic efficacy, and require further mechanistic, interference-control, cytotoxicity, cellular, and <i>in vivo</i> evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18806,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149062801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure-dependent biomechanical heterogeneity in irises using atomic force microscopy.","authors":"Mengman Gao, Yan Huo, Xiujin Guo, Wenjing Li, Xi Yang, Vishal Jhanji, Yan Wang","doi":"10.1039/d6na00704j","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d6na00704j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to characterize regional microstructure and biomechanical heterogeneity in rabbit iris and to determine associations between structural features and mechanical parameters. Surface morphology and mechanical properties of the right eye iris of six rabbits were analyzed using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Morphological parameters (Ra, Rq, Skew, Kurtosis, Anisotropy Index, AI; Principal Direction Angle, PDA; Average Fiber Width, AFW) and mechanical metrics (Adhesion Force, AF; mechanical heterogeneity, CV; Young's modulus; hardness; Residual Deformation Index, RDI) were evaluated. Regional differences were assessed using a mixed-effects model, and associations were examined with Spearman correlation analysis. Kurtosis (<i>r</i> = -0.226) and RDI (<i>r</i> = -0.408) showed negative correlations with hardness (<i>P</i> = 0.057, <i>P</i> = 0.048), whereas AFW (<i>r</i> = 0.352) and CV (<i>r</i> = 0.234) were positively correlated with hardness (<i>P</i> = 0.002, <i>P</i> = 0.000). PDA was negatively correlated with Young's modulus (<i>r</i> = -0.254, <i>P</i> = 0.031). Among mechanical parameters, AF exhibited significant regional variation, peaking in the mid zone and decreasing towards the root (104.2 ± 5.95 nN > 92.79 ± 5.95 nN > 90.50 ± 5.95 nN). Young's modulus followed a similar regional trend of pupillary zone > mid zone > root (40.8 ± 3.61 kPa > 36.99 ± 3.61 kPa > 32.62 ± 3.61 kPa), although this difference was not statistically significant (<i>P</i> = 0.094). These findings establish a microscale structure-mechanics relationship in the rabbit iris, showing that local topography and collagen fiber architecture are closely associated with spatial biomechanical heterogeneity.</p>","PeriodicalId":18806,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13673661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"g-C₃N₄ with a sustainable biomass-derived zinc vanadate hybrid supported on an industrial polyurethane sponge for methanol oxidation fuel cells and integrated with ML prediction models.","authors":"Omnia M Salem, Ahmed Abdel Khalek, Fatma Mohamed","doi":"10.1039/d6na00358c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6na00358c","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The efficacy of the methanol oxidation reaction is a primary prerequisite for an electrocatalyst in a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC), which is influenced by the catalyst material and its synthesis technique. This study presents a novel electrocatalyst, specifically zinc vanadate (ZnV), graphitic nitride (CN), and the ZnV/CN nanohybrid, which were synthesized using a hydrothermal technique. This material serves as an anode on a polyurethane sponge sheet as the supporting substrate. The physical and chemical properties of the electrocatalyst were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and chronoamperometry (CA). SEM results indicate that the ZnV/CN nanohybrid-based electrocatalyst has a 3D structure with an exfoliated petal-like morphology resembling a cotton flower, thereby enhancing the active area of the electrocatalyst and facilitating better ion mobility. Furthermore, the highly developed porosity structure offers less resistance and a smooth conduit for protons to access the cathode. The results indicate that the current densities achieved with ZnV, CN, and the ZnV/CN nanohybrid/polyurethane as support layers are 45.4 mA cm^-2, 75.38 mA cm^-2, and 86.11 mA cm^-2, respectively. The findings of this work are expected to be employed in catalyst design for a wide range of energy conversion devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":18806,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomass-derived nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dot-embedded electrospun PVA/PVP seed coatings for the electrochemical monitoring of germination and stress responses in <i>Vigna mungo</i>.","authors":"Sourav Dey, Soumen Basu, Moushumi Ghosh","doi":"10.1039/d6na00413j","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d6na00413j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, a nanoengineered seed coating formulation composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and biomass-derived carbon quantum dots synthesized from orange peels (OP-CQDs) was developed. Nitrogen-doped fluorescent OP-CQDs were prepared <i>via</i> a green microwave-assisted route and systematically characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopies, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and zeta potential analysis. The OP-CQDs exhibited a narrow size distribution with an average diameter of 4.63 nm, excellent aqueous dispersibility, high photostability and a fluorescence quantum yield of 52.46%. The OP-CQDs were incorporated into electrospun PVA/PVP membranes to form functional seed coatings, and their structure-property relationships were correlated with germination performance, stress response and electrochemical behaviour during nutrient uptake in <i>Vigna mungo</i>. Seed viability and early seedling development were evaluated using conventional growth metrics and electrochemical techniques, including potentiostatic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (PEIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Among the formulations investigated, the optimized coating, S₅ (40 wt% OP-CQDs), exhibited an enhanced germination rate, seedling vigor and biomass accumulation. Comprehensive physicochemical analysis of the OP-CQD-embedded electrospun membranes was performed using XRD, FESEM, FT-IR spectroscopy, and UV light observation. Electrochemical studies revealed that the OP-CQD concentration governed charge transfer resistance and ion diffusion behaviour, thereby modulating nutrient uptake kinetics and stress responses during germination. This work demonstrates a multifunctional, biomass-derived CQD-based electrospun coating that integrates controlled nutrient delivery with real-time electrochemical sensing, offering a sustainable material platform for next-generation smart agricultural interfaces.</p>","PeriodicalId":18806,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Advances","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13602303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}