Global Ecology and Biogeography最新文献

{"title":"Morphological Limitations Imposed on Lizards Facing Urbanisation","authors":"Kristopher W. Row, Oscar Villasana-Espinosa, Jaele Perez, Grace Urbina, Luke O. Frishkoff","doi":"10.1111/geb.70070","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70070","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Habitat conversion, in general, and urbanisation, in particular, are thought to create ecological filters that eliminate some species while simultaneously replacing them with others that thrive under novel conditions. The specific nature of these filters is unclear, but morphology may play an important role. Here, we seek to assess which lizard morphologies are favoured in urban habitats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Continental United States.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>2010–2018.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lizards.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We correlate 17 linear measurements of morphology from museum specimens with the relative incidence of observations in urban versus non-urban habitats from the citizen science database iNaturalist to determine whether particular morphologies predispose species to tolerate urban environments. We then use functional diversity and morphospace volume metrics to quantify the total amount of unique morphological diversity represented by urban tolerant species, versus those more restricted to natural areas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Morphological limitations are filtering lizard species from urban environments. Specifically, species with longer tails, larger and/or narrower heads, and shorter limbs relative to their body size were more likely to occupy urban zones. As a result of this filtering, there was substantially diminished morphological diversity among urban-tolerant species. While natural habitat-restricted species had a large amount of morphological diversity that was unrepresented in urban-tolerant species, most urban species' morphologies were shared by species restricted to natural areas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Only a small subset of morphologies found in natural environments persists in urban ones, but urban lizards do possess a small number of unique morphological features that may facilitate their success. Strong ecological filters in evolutionarily novel environments are not only diminishing species diversity but pruning phenotypic diversity to favour a much smaller subset of functional possibilities. Due to the connection betwee","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70070","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144237810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EcoregionsTreeFinder—A Global Dataset Documenting the Abundance of Observations of > 45,000 Tree Species in 828 Terrestrial Ecoregions","authors":"Roeland Kindt,&nbsp;Fabio Pedercini","doi":"10.1111/geb.70064","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Motivation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As recently defined in the Resource Manual for Target 2 of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, the primary outcome of “ecological restoration” is the conservation and restoration of biodiversity. The “golden rules of tree planting” reflected in The Global Biodiversity Standard advocate maximising native tree species. The Ecoregions2017^Resolve global map was developed to enhance systematic planning for terrestrial biodiversity conservation. <i>EcoregionsTreeFinder</i> is a unique new database that provides lists of native tree species for the ecoregions of the Ecoregions 2017 map. Besides being directly applicable to aid the planning or evaluation of restoration projects within the framework of the Ecoregions 2017 map, <i>EcoregionsTreeFinder</i> can be used in other applications, such as biogeographical investigations or to guide completion efforts of tree presence observations across ecoregions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Types of Variable Contained</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tree species records for 828 terrestrial ecoregions, showing the number of presence observations for 48,129 tree species. The 453,053 ecoregion-species records include information on the number of observations in different bioclimatic zones within each ecoregion for zones defined by the Climatic Moisture Index, average monthly temperatures &gt; 10°C, and the Maximum Climatological Water Deficit. Also included with these records is information on the expected native distribution of species across ecoregions, allowing filtering of native tree species from a selected ecoregion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Spatial Location and Grain</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global, 6–3,922,506 km² (ecoregions), 30 arc-seconds (bioclimatic zones within ecoregions).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period and Grain</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>1946–2021, presence observations filtered from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa and Level of Measurement</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>48,129 tree species, number of observations within ecoregions and within bioclimatic zones nested within ecoregions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Software Format</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three data sets (.txt) and 18 atlas sheets showing the distribution of bioclimatic zones within ecoregions (.pdf).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144237777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arctic Migrations Shape Global Meta-Communities: Contrasting Insights From Species Occurrence, Abundance and Biomass","authors":"Louis Moisan,&nbsp;Dominique Gravel,&nbsp;Gilles Gauthier,&nbsp;Pierre Legagneux,&nbsp;Joël Bêty","doi":"10.1111/geb.70074","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70074","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Seasonally migratory species generate large movements of organisms and biomass between distant breeding and non-breeding grounds. However, our understanding of how migratory species shape global networks of interconnected communities (meta-communities) remains limited. Migratory links between communities can be measured in different ways (e.g., species occurrence, abundance or biomass), each providing complementary information by modulating the relative importance of species in meta-communities. We aim at investigating to what extent measuring migratory links using species occurrence, abundance or biomass can reveal alternative structures (i.e., topology) in a meta-community linking an Arctic breeding ground to remote non-breeding grounds.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We use as a study case the High-Arctic vertebrate community of Bylot Island (Nunavut, Canada), along with ecoregions of North and South America, Europe and Africa.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Present.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Terrestrial Arctic birds (30 species) and mammals (5 species).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We first consider species occurrence at the non-breeding grounds to define migratory links within the meta-community. Secondly, we measure the number of individuals and the amount of biomass travelling along those links. Finally, we compare the meta-community structure under each scenario using a migration network representation.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Patterns of species occurrence, abundance and biomass reveal that temperate ecoregions of South and especially North America maintain strong ecological connections with the vertebrate community of Bylot Island. However, the structural role of species within the network can vary substantially depending on how migratory links are measured (i.e., contrasting topological anomalies). Using abundance or biomass to measure migratory links results in a finer partitioning of the network into modules compared to using species occurrence alone.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We highlight that using different metrics of migratory links reveals unique, yet complementary s","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144237818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MOBS 1.0: A Database of Interspecific Variation in Marine Organismal Body Sizes","authors":"Craig R. McClain,&nbsp;Noel A. Heim,&nbsp;Matthew L. Knope,&nbsp;Pedro M. Monarrez,&nbsp;Jonathan L. Payne,&nbsp;Isaac Trindade Santos,&nbsp;Thomas J. Webb","doi":"10.1111/geb.70062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70062","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Motivation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Body size is a fundamental trait influencing an organism's life history, ecology, physiology and evolutionary dynamics. While extensive body-size databases exist for terrestrial vertebrates, equivalent datasets for marine animals are lacking, even though they include a much larger number of species. This data gap hinders comparative and macroecological analyses that rely on body-size data to uncover evolutionary and ecological patterns and processes in marine ecosystems. The Marine Organismal Body Size (MOBS) Database aims to address this deficit by providing standardised body-size data for marine animals, enabling deeper investigations into marine biodiversity and informing conservation and ecological theory.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Types of Variables Contained</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The MOBS Database includes maximum linear dimensions of marine animals, specifically height, length, width and diameter. Additional fields include species taxonomy (linked to AphiaIDs in the World Register of Marine Species), notes about measurements and data sources.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Spatial Location and Grain</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The dataset is global in scope, encompassing marine species across all oceanic regions, but does not itself contain geographic data. Integrations with databases like the Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS) can yield spatially resolved analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period and Grain</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Modern, extant species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa and Level of Measurement</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MOBS focuses on marine animals (kingdom Animalia), covering 30 marine phyla. The database currently contains data for 85,204 species (40.4% of valid marine animal species in WoRMS), with seven phyla surpassing 75% coverage. Measurements are reported at the species level, with some records including multiple observations to account for intraspecific variations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Software Format</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The MOBS Database is available in csv format and is hosted on GitHub for public access (https://github.com/crmcclain/MOBS_OPEN).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144213926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Occurrence Dataset for European Ostracoda Inhabiting Groundwater and Groundwater-Dependent Ecosystems","authors":"Nataša Mori,&nbsp;Živa Vehovar,&nbsp;Traian Brad,&nbsp;Gergely Balázs,&nbsp;Constanze Englisch,&nbsp;Cene Fišer,&nbsp;Santiago Gaviria,&nbsp;Sanja Gottstein,&nbsp;Christian Griebler,&nbsp;Marius Kenesz,&nbsp;Lee R. F. D. Knight,&nbsp;Florian Malard,&nbsp;Stefano Mammola,&nbsp;Pierre Marmonier,&nbsp;Alejandro Martínez,&nbsp;Maja Zagmajster","doi":"10.1111/geb.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Motivation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Groundwater ecosystems sustain a unique and globally important biodiversity but remain understudied due to sampling and exploration challenges, as well as a shortage of taxonomic experts. Groundwater ostracods, like other groundwater taxa, exhibit a high degree of endemism, rarity and subterranean specialisation, positioning them as potentially vulnerable organisms. To better understand biodiversity patterns and the conservation needs of this highly diverse group, we assembled a team of experts to gather the most comprehensive information available about groundwater ostracods in Europe. We present a dataset comprising 2065 occurrence records of 110 species, 11 undescribed species and 5 subspecies of groundwater ostracods. This open dataset may support future research on the distribution, evolutionary pathways and conservation needs of European groundwater ostracods, as well as inspire targeted sampling efforts in regions with currently limited data available.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Types of Variables Contained</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Occurrence records of groundwater ostracods, with details about taxonomy, source of records, occurrence locality, habitat type and species dependence on groundwater (obligate [stygobiont] versus facultative groundwater-dwellers [stygophile]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Spatial Location and Grain</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Geographical Europe, spanning 32 countries. Occurrence records were assigned decimal degrees coordinates (EPSG:4326). Most occurrence records are at 100 m resolution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>1915–2024.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa and Level of Measurement</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Crustacea: Ostracoda. Most records have species or subspecies-level identification, while some are identified to genus or family levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Software Format</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Comma-separated values file (.csv) and Excel file (.xlsx), with UTF-8 encoding and metadata provided following the Darwin Core standard.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the Trail—Understanding Non-Native Plant Invasions in Mountain Ecosystems","authors":"Agustina Barros,&nbsp;Eduardo Fuentes Lillo,&nbsp;Valeria Aschero,&nbsp;Aníbal Pauchard,&nbsp;María Alisa Alvarez,&nbsp;Ronja Wedegärtner,&nbsp;Jan Clavel,&nbsp;Jana Müllerová,&nbsp;Jan Pergl,&nbsp;Shengwei Zong,&nbsp;Michaela Vítková,&nbsp;Tereza Klinerová,&nbsp;Lohengrin A. Cavieres,&nbsp;Christian Larson,&nbsp;Lisa J. Rew,&nbsp;Tim Seipel,&nbsp;Chloe Meffre,&nbsp;Tomas Arellano,&nbsp;Franz Essl,&nbsp;Stefan Dullinger,&nbsp;Onalenna Gwate,&nbsp;V. Ralph Clark,&nbsp;Marc Achermann,&nbsp;Sylvia Haider,&nbsp;Jonas J. Lembrechts","doi":"10.1111/geb.70060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to examine the abiotic, biotic and anthropogenic drivers of non-native plant species distribution along hiking trails in mountainous regions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nine mountain regions across six continents, including North America (USA), South America (Argentina and Chile), Europe (Sweden, Norway, Czech Republic), Africa (South Africa), Asia (China) and Oceania (Australia).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were collected between 2016 to 2022 during the summer season.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vascular plants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We implemented a standardised sampling design (MIREN trail survey) with T-shaped sample sites placed parallel to trails and perpendicular to adjacent vegetation. We examined the main drivers (abiotic, biotic and anthropogenic factors) affecting non-native species' presence, richness and cover.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At the global scale, abiotic (climatic) variables explained most of the variation in non-native species richness. In contrast, biotic factors were the most important for the presence and cover of non-native plants. Anthropogenic factors, including distance to the trail, use intensity and livestock grazing, were also important but to a lesser extent than the main factors. While the total number of non-native species differed across regions, the patterns explaining plant invasions were consistent.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our regional study identified mountain trails that are particularly vulnerable to plant invasions. Our findings suggest that under future scenarios of climate change, increased anthropogenic pressure and heightened livestock activity, the presence of non-native species beyond trail edges may become more frequent. This highlights the need to restrict off-trail activities in areas of high conservation value.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil Depth Matters: Divergent Drivers of Ecosystem Productivity in Alpine Ecosystems","authors":"Shanshan Qi,&nbsp;Gangsheng Wang,&nbsp;Wanyu Li,&nbsp;Daifeng Xiang,&nbsp;Shuhao Zhou,&nbsp;Zehao Lv","doi":"10.1111/geb.70071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70071","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Deep soils (&gt; 30 cm) store considerable amounts of carbon and are often assumed to be less responsive to warming than topsoil. However, recent evidence indicates that deep soils are more sensitive to climate change in alpine grasslands, yet their influence on ecosystem productivity is not well understood. Here, we tested the key environmental drivers, particularly the roles of deep soil moisture and temperature, of alpine ecosystem productivity across different vegetation types and plant growth constraints.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), the Earth's Third Pole.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;2003–2021.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Sedge, grass and forbs.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We introduced the plant growth limitation index (GLI) to classify alpine sites as either energy- or water-limited sites, using solar radiation and soil moisture as proxies for energy and water availability. We employed the random forest models to quantify dominant environmental drivers of gross primary productivity (GPP) and net ecosystem productivity (NEP) at 14 alpine sites across four vegetation types (alpine meadow, steppe, wetland and shrub) on the QTP.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We identified divergent drivers of ecosystem productivity varying with soil depth and GLI classifications. In water-limited sites, productivity was more responsive to soil variables than to radiation, with deep soil temperature and moisture exerting greater influence than their surface counterparts. In contrast, energy-limited sites were primarily driven by topsoil temperature and radiation, with deep soil moisture remaining more influential than topsoil moisture. In alpine wetlands, deep soil temperature emerged as the dominant driver.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We advance the concept of plant growth constraints by introducing deep soil moisture as a key regulator, demonstrating its direct controls on alpine vegetation productivity. Our findings challenge previous studies that focused solely on topsoil, offering new insights into the interactions between productivity and environmental drivers in alpine ecosystems. This improved understanding supports more accurate projections of carbon sequestration under global change.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolutionarily Distinct Species and Their Partners Have Fewer Links in Ecological Networks","authors":"Avery M. Kruger,&nbsp;T. Jonathan Davies","doi":"10.1111/geb.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ecological networks describe the complex set of interconnections among species and their environment, and network structure can inform the stability, resilience, and functioning of ecosystems. Increasing attention is being paid to the mechanisms that determine species interactions. Phylogeny has informed our understanding of connections within networks, mostly by describing the strength of phylogenetic conservation of interactions. Here, we examine how the phylogenetic position of a species relates to its functional position within a network, testing the relationship between phylogenetic and network topologies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early 20th century to present.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Birds and plants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used a large dataset of frugivore interactions to calculate the network degree of focal species (degree) and the partners they interact with (partner degree) and bird and plant phylogenies to calculate local evolutionary distinctiveness (ED), a measure of evolutionary distinctiveness calculated on a community-level phylogeny. We then fit binomial Bayesian models to estimate the effect of species' local ED on their degree and that of their partners. In avian networks, we incorporated bird traits from AVONET in models to determine their contributions to degree and partner degree relative to those of local ED.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The partners of both high local ED birds and plants tend to have fewer interactions in a network than do partners of low local ED species, and birds with high local ED tend to interact with fewer plant species. In birds, the statistical effect sizes of local ED on degree and partner degree are comparable to or larger than those of measured traits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our analysis illustrates how phylogenetic relationships affect present-day ecologies and underscores the unique ecological contribution of evolutionary outliers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70066","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth Onset Rather Than Photosynthesis Strongly Regulates Autumn Senescence Termination Besides Climate Change","authors":"Shuping Ji,&nbsp;Shilong Ren,&nbsp;Yann Vitasse,&nbsp;Constantin M. Zohner,&nbsp;Yongshuo H. Fu,&nbsp;Xiaoqiu Chen,&nbsp;Xiaoyang Zhang,&nbsp;Charlotte Grossiord,&nbsp;Huiying Liu,&nbsp;Matthias Peichl,&nbsp;Dailiang Peng,&nbsp;Shuai An,&nbsp;Yating Li,&nbsp;Maihe Li,&nbsp;Lei Fang,&nbsp;Jinyue Chen,&nbsp;Xinfeng Wang,&nbsp;Qingzhu Zhang,&nbsp;Guoqiang Wang,&nbsp;Qiao Wang","doi":"10.1111/geb.70068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70068","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Plant senescence largely influences the global carbon cycle by regulating the growing season length. However, the driving mechanisms of plant senescence remain unclear, particularly the role of developmental factors. This study aims to investigate how environmental and developmental factors drive autumn senescence and evaluate whether woody and herbaceous plants exhibit divergent responses to these drivers.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Eurasia.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;1982–2014.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Woody and herbaceous species.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Using 120,833 long-term ground phenological observations, we employed partial correlation analysis to investigate the influence of environmental and developmental factors on senescence termination. Experimental records from literature and pasture survey observations from China were separately utilised to further validate the influence of developmental factors on senescence termination. Structural equation modelling was applied to analyse the pathways of growth onset affecting senescence termination. Additionally, multiple linear regression was used to examine the tendency of the sensitivity of senescence termination to plant development rate.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We find that earlier growth onset primarily leads to earlier senescence termination directly in herbaceous plants, but indirectly in woody plants by accelerating early-season development. The sensitivity of senescence termination to plant development rate shows a declining trend, particularly in early-season negative effects on woody plants and late-season positive effects on herbaceous plants, suggesting diminished impacts of future warming on senescence timing. The impact of growing season photosynthetic activity on senescence termination is not pronounced for both woody and herbaceous plants.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The results demonstrate that growth onset may affect woody and herbaceous senescence termination through different pathways, whereas the carry-over effects of growing season photosynthetic activity are not widely discovered. This emphasises that the introduction of developmental factors into phenological models needs to be considered carefully according to plant type.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wetland Restoration Is Effective but Insufficient to Compensate for Soil Organic Carbon Losses From Degradation","authors":"Yanan Wu,&nbsp;Ruiyang Zhang,&nbsp;Andrew S. MacDougall,&nbsp;Dashuan Tian,&nbsp;Jinsong Wang,&nbsp;Shuli Niu","doi":"10.1111/geb.70063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess the effectiveness of wetland restoration in reversing soil organic carbon (SOC) loss from degradation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>1996–2023.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Wetland.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a global meta-analysis to compare SOC levels in restored, degraded, and natural wetlands across different restoration approaches and wetland types and to examine the dynamic trajectories of SOC recovery and the influence of climatic and edaphic factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that passive restoration increased SOC in degraded sites by 141%, compared to an 8% increase from active restoration. Restored inland wetlands showed an increase in SOC of 118%, while coastal wetlands showed a limited improvement of 5%, in comparison with degraded wetlands. Increases in SOC primarily occurred within the first 10 years after restoration and then levelled off. That being said, SOC accumulation in restored wetlands rarely approached the levels found in natural wetlands, highlighting the importance of protecting wetlands from degradation for SOC targets. Key factors for wetland SOC restoration were total soil nitrogen and mean annual temperature.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conclude that wetland restoration is effective but insufficient to compensate for SOC losses from degradation. This study provides valuable insights for climate change mitigation through wetland restoration, supporting the goals of the United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration and the Paris Agreement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144091654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}