Global Ecology and Biogeography最新文献

{"title":"Modelling Species Distribution at the Boundaries of the Earth's Climate","authors":"Chiara Serafini, Francesca Cosentino, Giovanni Amori, Luigi Maiorano","doi":"10.1111/geb.70082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Correlative species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used to project species' responses to global changes. The climatic niche of a species is calibrated under current climate conditions and then projected in space and/or time, making model extrapolation an important concern. This issue is particularly relevant when considering species that live simultaneously at the boundaries of the current Earth's climate and at the edges of their physiological tolerance, such as desert-adapted species. Modelling approaches alternatives to SDMs (e.g., hybrid SDMs) have been proposed as a better solution to tackle model extrapolation. These models should explicitly consider the species' physiological thermal tolerance, producing outputs closer to the species' ecology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Arabian Peninsula.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Present, future projections up to 2100.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Desert mammals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We compared correlative SDMs with different extrapolation options (no-extrapolation, clamping, fade by clamping, full extrapolation) and hybrid SDMs incorporating species-specific thermal tolerances of mammals of the Arabian Peninsula. We projected all models under current and future climate scenarios and measured the differences between the outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that different extrapolation options and hybrid SDMs produced important differences at least in future projections, especially for species physiologically adapted to the extreme climate conditions of the desert. Correlative SDMs not allowing for extrapolation beyond the current climate conditions led to more conservative projections, while SDMs allowing for extrapolation were more flexible. Hybrid SDMs produced intermediate results, with up to 93% of the species losing parts of their suitable ranges under future climate scenarios.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings highlight that correlative SDMs cannot track the true thermal tolerances of desert species. Hybrid SDMs hold the premise for a better understanding of the impact of global changes on such species, t","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144519944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canopy Composition Outperforms Macroenvironment in Explaining European Forest Understory Composition","authors":"Jesús Sánchez-Dávila,&nbsp;Jonathan Lenoir,&nbsp;Ewa Stefańska-Krzaczek,&nbsp;Idoia Biurrun,&nbsp;Thomas Wohlgemuth,&nbsp;Juan Antonio Campos,&nbsp;Jens-Christian Svenning,&nbsp;Gianmaria Bonari,&nbsp;Josep Padullés Cubino","doi":"10.1111/geb.70079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diversity patterns in forest understories have traditionally been studied using macroclimatic variables. However, microenvironmental conditions below forest canopies are likely more relevant, though difficult to obtain. Species composition of the canopy layers can serve as a proxy for capturing microenvironmental conditions underneath trees and shrubs. In this study, we modelled the understory plant species (herbaceous and small woody species &lt; 2 m) composition across European forests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Present day.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All forest types across Europe.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vascular plants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We compared the performance of a baseline model relying solely on macroenvironmental predictor variables against several canopy-informed models incorporating three β-diversity facets (taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic) of the canopy layers (i.e., the tree and shrub layer). We subsequently decomposed the explained deviance in the observed spatial variation in taxonomic composition of the understory layer between macroenvironmental conditions and all three facets of canopy-derived metrics of β-diversity. We finally compared and mapped spatial predictions in understory plant species composition between the baseline model and the best-performing canopy-informed model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our canopy-informed models that included β-diversity metrics of canopy layers outperformed the baseline model based solely on macroenvironmental predictors. Beta-diversity metrics relying on canopy species composition provided a greater explanatory power than macroenvironmental predictors. Specifically, the taxonomic β-diversity of the shrub layer, followed by that of the tree layer, was the main variable driving the most performant canopy-informed model. Maps of the predicted understory species composition indicated greater site heterogeneity when relying on canopy-informed models than on the baseline model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This work highlights how the inclusion of taxonomical species composition from the canopy layers can significantly improve the modelling of the understory plant species composition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144519943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shining a Light on Daytime Coral Spawning Synchrony Across Oceans","authors":"Charlotte Moritz,&nbsp;Serge Andréfouët,&nbsp;Claire-Sophie Azam,&nbsp;Cécile Berthe,&nbsp;Manon Fourrière,&nbsp;Adeline Goyaud,&nbsp;Mélina Grouazel,&nbsp;Gilles Siu,&nbsp;Marguerite Taiarui,&nbsp;Anne-Marie Trinh,&nbsp;Vetea Liao","doi":"10.1111/geb.70072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70072","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The variety of coral taxa and environmental cues triggering broadcast spawning gave rise to contrasting theories about coral reproduction synchrony. Here, we shine a new light on this synchrony across oceans by highlighting how environmental cues modulate spawning time at various spatial scales in an understudied yet abundant gonochoric species.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;South Indian and Pacific Oceans.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;2014–2023.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Porites rus&lt;/i&gt; .&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Porites rus&lt;/i&gt; daytime spawning was investigated using a non-invasive citizen science approach (&gt; 300 voluntary observers) at colony, reef, island and ocean scales. Spawning time was recorded between 2014 and 2023 at a total of 104 reef locations from 15 islands in three countries and multiple depths across the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Statistical models were employed to assess the relationships between spawning time and depth, light and sea surface temperature at different spatial scales, and in both male and female colonies.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Spawning occurred synchronously for colonies located a few meters to &gt; 15,000 km apart, monthly 5 days after full moon over an extended, uninterrupted period from October to April. Strong linear relationships between depth, light, water temperature and spawning time after sunrise held at the different spatial scales for both males and females, which spawned &lt;i&gt;ca&lt;/i&gt;. 20 min apart. Interestingly, single colonies spawned across consecutive days and months.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The largest data set for a daytime coral species compiled here allows extremely accurate predictions of &lt;i&gt;P. rus&lt;/i&gt; spawning months, days and time (minute-level precision) at different locations and depths in the Southern Hemisphere, facilitating field observations and experiments. Previously underexplored, the highly effective reproductive strategy of &lt;i&gt;P. rus&lt;/i&gt; may explain its broad distribution and persistence in stressed environments, positioning it as an invaluable model organism for studying the physiological and genetic processes driving behavioural synchrony and biological rhythms across interconnected biogeographical regions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144503208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic Evidence Supports the Effect of Traits on Late-Quaternary Megafauna Extinction in the Context of Human Activity","authors":"Rhys Taylor Lemoine,&nbsp;Robert Buitenwerf,&nbsp;Sören Faurby,&nbsp;Jens-Christian Svenning","doi":"10.1111/geb.70078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70078","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The late-Quaternary extinctions, which affected primarily large mammals, are strongly connected to the migration of modern humans out of sub-Saharan Africa and tropical Asia (the Palaeotropics), and human hunting remains one of the greatest threats to large mammals globally. Species traits are known to affect vulnerability to human impacts in other (non-megafauna) taxa and so here we conduct an exploratory analysis to test how traits affect the risk of megafaunal species being driven to extinction by humans—both prehistorically in species that are already extinct and currently in species threatened by hunting.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Global.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Late Pleistocene and Holocene, 129–0 kya.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Mammals with a body mass ≥ 9 kg.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We used phylogenetic logistic regression to analyse the effects of 17 functional, biogeographical, and phylogenetic traits on the incidence of extinction in 544 extinct and extant (196 and 348, respectively) megafauna species.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our primary finding was that, just as Palaeotropical species experienced a lower incidence of extinction compared to megafauna elsewhere, species on other continents that were more closely related to Palaeotropical species also had lower extinction compared to those more distantly related. We also found support for higher extinction in island endemics, larger-bodied species and plantigrade (flat-footed) species.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Larger, more insular and plantigrade species were more vulnerable to human impacts due to preferential hunting and/or vulnerability to specific hunting techniques. Older, hominin-driven extinctions in the Palaeotropics (before the Late Pleistocene) may have filtered out species with vulnerable trait combinations, rendering Palaeotropical species and their non-Palaeotropical relatives more resistant to later human impacts. Our finding that several of the same traits influence extinction threat in places where hunting of megafauna is still ubiquitous has implications for the contextualisation of prehistoric mega","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144503209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecology and Biogeography of Sexual Size Dimorphism in Squamates","authors":"Tao Liang,&nbsp;Gopal Murali,&nbsp;Anna Zimin,&nbsp;Jacob Dembitzer,&nbsp;Roberta Graboski,&nbsp;Uri Roll,&nbsp;Shai Meiri","doi":"10.1111/geb.70076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70076","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is widespread in the animal kingdom. The direction and magnitude of SSD differ considerably across taxa, potentially due to different selective forces acting on female and male sizes. We assembled a comprehensive database of mean body sizes for female and male squamate species. We then tested for associations between the degree and direction of sexual size dimorphism and environmental factors, clutch/litter sizes, reproductive modes, substrate types, and species richness (a common measure of interspecific competition).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Global.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Present.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Squamata (Reptilia).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We studied SSD patterns and their correlates for 11792 squamate species. We also tested the effect of the number of putative competitors on SSD within (~9915 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;) grid cells. We applied phylogenetic path analysis and phylogenetic generalised least squares regression (PGLS) at the species level and applied spatial auto-regressive (SAR) multiple regressions at assemblage levels.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;In general, snake females are larger than males, whereas male lizards are larger, on average, than females. Female squamates in general are larger than males in cold regions, while in warm regions, particularly in deserts, males are usually larger than females. SSD became more female-biased (i.e., larger females) as clutch size increased, and viviparous taxa had more female-biased SSD. There was little relationship between the magnitude of SSD and species richness. Sexual size dimorphism did not vary significantly across substrate types.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We suggest that the mechanisms driving squamate SSD differ between oviparous and viviparous taxa. The more female-biased SSD in colder regions is likely driven by fecundity selection, while a male bias in warmer regions may be associated with sexual selection. However, we found little evidence to suggest that natural selection for substrates, or resource-based competition, affects squamate sexual size dimorphism and suspect ","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70076","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Warming Enhances the Effects of Acidification on Aquatic Biota: A Global Meta-Analysis","authors":"Zengliang Jian,&nbsp;Misha Zhong,&nbsp;Ruyi Li,&nbsp;Haojie Su,&nbsp;Qingyang Rao,&nbsp;Yihan Wang,&nbsp;Chaokun Wang,&nbsp;Shangsheng Sun,&nbsp;Jianfeng Chen,&nbsp;Ping Xie","doi":"10.1111/geb.70080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70080","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Global elevated atmosphere CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentration-induced acidification poses a great threat to aquatic organisms worldwide. However, a comprehensive understanding of the response variability to acidification is still lacking, especially in the context of concurrent global warming. Addressing the response patterns of aquatic biota to acidification under the context of warming can facilitate the identification and prediction of probable consequences of global climate change.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Global.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;1996–2024.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Aquatic biota.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We performed a meta-analysis by synthesising 221 studies containing 3669 observations to summarise the effects of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; on multiple aquatic biota, including primary producers, consumers, and decomposers. We further examined the effects of different ecosystems, experimental venue, CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentration, and ambient experimental temperature on the response magnitude.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Acidification had significant positive effect on primary producers and decomposers, yet significant negative effect on consumers. We found that invertebrates were the most negatively affected of all organisms, and the marine ecosystems are suffering more severity of acidification than freshwater ecosystems. We further found that the response magnitude showed a significant dose effect, indicating that reducing greenhouse gas emissions would minimise the impact of acidification. In addition, we found that higher temperatures enhanced the sensitivity of primary producers to acidification, suggesting that global climate warming may interact with acidification in a synergistic way.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our results showed that distinct trophic levels showed significant differences in the response direction and magnitude. Specifically, the consumer is generally the most sensitive trophic level that is negatively affected by acidification. We emphasise that the simultaneous exposure of primary producers to anthropogenic stressors associated with acidification and ","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70080","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144367219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity and Plasticity in Mosquito Feeding Patterns: A Meta-Analysis of ‘Universal’ DNA Diet Studies","authors":"Meshach Lee,&nbsp;Richard O'Rorke,&nbsp;Nicholas J. Clark,&nbsp;Tamsyn Uren Webster,&nbsp;Konstans Wells","doi":"10.1111/geb.70077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70077","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Although mosquitoes can have innate preferences for particular blood-meal hosts, their realised feeding patterns on different host species can be modified under climate and land use change with implications for disease spread. Therefore, it is important to understand the niche breadth of vectors and the extent to which shifts in feeding patterns can be predicted.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Global.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;2000–2019.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Six prominent disease-vectoring mosquitoes: &lt;i&gt;Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Anopheles funestus, An. gambiae&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Culex pipiens, Cx. quinquefasciatus&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Focusing on blood-meal studies that used ‘universal’ molecular methods with broad taxonomic coverage, we compiled evidence from &gt; 15,600 blood-meals. We estimated mosquito's host niche breadth and we used hierarchical Dirichlet regression models to investigate shifts in feeding patterns among different functional and taxonomic groups of host species in relation to host and environmental factors.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We estimated host ranges of 179–321 species for each of the two &lt;i&gt;Culex&lt;/i&gt; mosquitoes and 26–65 species for &lt;i&gt;Aedes&lt;/i&gt; mosquitoes, comprising considerably broader host niche breadths than previously anticipated. For the two &lt;i&gt;Anopheles&lt;/i&gt; species, we estimated host ranges of 7–29 species. We found some evidence that shifts in feeding patterns among different host functional and taxonomic groups were associated with environmental conditions such as temperature and livestock density, while our results also demonstrate that with the currently available evidence, global predictions of shifts in mosquito feeding patterns are impeded by significant uncertainty.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our global meta-analysis afforded first insights into the shifts of feeding patterns in variable environments, suggesting that host choice is not a simple function of host availability, but contingent on other environmental drivers. Improving resolution and consistency of data gathering and reporting will improve the precision of","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70077","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future Palaeontologists Will Detect Current Mammal Latitudinal Biodiversity Gradient","authors":"Sofía Galván,&nbsp;Sara Gamboa,&nbsp;Alfio Alessandro Chiarenza,&nbsp;Filippo Maria Rotatori,&nbsp;Adriana Oliver,&nbsp;Sara Varela","doi":"10.1111/geb.70075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70075","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fossil data provide crucial insights into past biogeographic and macroecological patterns. However, geological, biological, and sampling biases can potentially compromise genuine biodiversity inferences. Here, we tested whether fossil biases may hinder the accurate retrieval of the Latitudinal Biodiversity Gradient (LBG).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Contemporary.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mammals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We implemented a filtering process to current mammal distribution maps, simulating one geological, two biological, and three sampling sources of bias. Namely, distribution maps were downgraded to regions with sediments, species preservation was modulated by their range size and body size, and sampling was applied to locations with a fossil record. We applied the filters sequentially to mimic a process of progressive fossilisation, considering three preservation rates and removing up to 98.8% of the original species. We also applied filters independently to assess their individual effect. Lastly, we quantified the richness loss, the change in the slope between latitude and richness, and the change in richness maxima throughout the filters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results indicate that the applied filters collectively and distinctly influence the detection and robustness of the LBG signal. However, although the slope of the richness gradient diminishes progressively (especially for filters affecting species by their body size or taxonomic group), a LBG signal is detected across all the filters. Equally, despite the critical species loss, richness maxima remain around the equator.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We demonstrated that strongly incomplete or biased samples can still recover accurate large-scale biogeographic patterns such as the LBG. Our results show an optimistic scenario in which, although the LBG intensity is sensitive to the uneven loss of information in biodiversity data, a detectable signal can be retrieved for all scenarios.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landscape-Scale Responses of Freshwater Biodiversity to Connectivity and Stressors","authors":"Craig Wilkie,&nbsp;Alan Law,&nbsp;Stephen J. Thackeray,&nbsp;Charlotte Ward,&nbsp;Tom August,&nbsp;Ambroise Baker,&nbsp;Jafet Belmont,&nbsp;Laurence Carvalho,&nbsp;Daniel Chapman,&nbsp;Anne Dobel,&nbsp;Claire Miller,&nbsp;Henrietta Pringle,&nbsp;Marian Scott,&nbsp;Gavin Siriwardena,&nbsp;Philip Taylor,&nbsp;Nigel Willby","doi":"10.1111/geb.70069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70069","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;There is compelling evidence that drivers and patterns of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning vary across multiple spatial scales, from global to regional, landscape and patch. However, macroecological processes impacting freshwater biodiversity are poorly understood compared to marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Despite step changes in data availability, we have a fragmented view beyond the local scale of how hydrological and landscape connectivity interact with ecosystem stressors to shape freshwater biodiversity and functioning. While macroecological patterns can vary substantially among taxonomic groups, previous studies have focussed on individual habitat types, sites or taxonomic groups within landscapes, hindering direct comparisons. We present a cross-landscape, multi-species analysis of the interactive effects of landscape and hydrological connectivity and stressors on standing freshwater quality and the diversity of several major freshwater taxonomic groups.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Great Britain (United Kingdom).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;2000–2016.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Phytoplankton chlorophyll-&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;, macrophytes, molluscs, Coleoptera, Odonata, fish and birds.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Using random forests and generalised additive modelling, we quantified the interactive effects of landscape and hydrological connectivity and stressors on water quality (phytoplankton chlorophyll-&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;) and the diversity of selected taxa in standing freshwaters.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We found evidence of connectivity changing from positive to negative relationships with biotic responses with increasing human-induced stress levels. Some species groups showed the inverse, reflecting complexities of modelling at large, cross-landscape scales. Almost all responses were affected by stress or connectivity, often interacting and with non-linear relationships.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Patterns in stressor-connectivity interactions differed across taxa, but were important in shaping 6 of 8 biotic responses. This emphasises the need for taxon-specific analyses to resolve","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70069","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144255903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen Availability Regulates Tree Mixture Effects on Soil Organic Carbon in Temperate Forests: Insights From a Meta-Analysis and Long-Term Experiment","authors":"Tao Zhou,&nbsp;Chuankuan Wang,&nbsp;Zhenghu Zhou","doi":"10.1111/geb.70073","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70073","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forests are essential for maintaining global soil organic carbon (SOC) balance, especially in species-rich ecosystems. However, the effect of tree diversity on SOC accumulation among different biomes remains poorly understood, owing to complex biotic–abiotic interactions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>1983–2021.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Trees.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comprehensive meta-analysis was used to examine the effects of tree diversity on SOC across different forest biomes. In addition, a 34-year manipulation experiment was used to investigate the mechanisms driving diversity effects on SOC in temperate forests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tree mixtures increased SOC by 6.2% globally. The effects of tree mixtures on SOC showed significant biome-specific variation, with positive effects in tropical/subtropical forests and no significant effects in temperate/boreal forests. However, tree mixtures with nitrogen-fixing species significantly increased SOC by 13.2% in temperate forests. Furthermore, our temperate field experiment further suggested that increased tree diversity tends to negatively affect nitrogen availability, which may affect positive effect of tree mixtures on SOC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results provide strong evidence that increasing tree diversity enhances SOC storage, especially in tropical/subtropical forests, underscoring the importance of mixed plantations for climate change mitigation. However, in nitrogen-limited temperate forests, tree mixture effects are constrained by intensified plant-microbe competition for nitrogen. Introducing nitrogen-fixing tree species during afforestation or plantation management in temperate regions is expected to enhance SOC storage by alleviating nitrogen limitation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70073","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144237806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}