Global Ecology and Biogeography最新文献

{"title":"Why Some Habitat Types Are Locally Much More Species-Rich Than Others: Ongoing Assembly of Species Produced by Long and Rapid Macroevolutionary Diversification","authors":"Andreas Prinzing, Igor V. Bartish, Keliang Zhang, Benjamin Yguel","doi":"10.1111/geb.70037","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Species richness of local communities is often considered to be disconnected from the macroevolutionary diversification of lineages operating at much larger spatiotemporal scales. However, local communities occupy patches of habitat types, many of which persist across large spatiotemporal scales. We hypothesise that high local species richness of specific habitat types could result from ongoing local assembly in which both very closely related and very distantly related species can locally co-occur. Alternatively, such local richness of specific habitat types could result from historical assembly in which historical colonisation by many lineages and diversification within habitat-type increased richness of the habitat species-pool and thereby the local communities sampled from it.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Netherlands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>1932–2012.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Angiosperms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analysed 6851 small-scale local plots (median 54 m<sup>2</sup>) belonging to all major habitat types in the Netherlands. We quantified mean pairwise phylogenetic distances across all species and between phylogenetically nearest species, standardised for 0-expectations for a given species richness. We quantified these measures for local communities, averaged within habitat types and for the species-pools of the habitat types.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Local richness varied 21-fold among habitat types. Local richness increased with mean pairwise distances and decreased with mean nearest-taxon distances of local communities (but not of habitat species-pools). These patterns were independent of the size of the regional habitat species-pool, the presence of exotic species and the environmental conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Local species richness varies massively among habitat types within a region. We suggest that some habitat types are locally species rich because today they permit the most distantly related and the most closely related species to coexist, likely through stabilising and equalising mechanisms, respectively. These mechanisms should b","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143737101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate Underlies Variation in Plant Disease Severity by Altering Grassland Plant Communities","authors":"Kui Hu, Peixi Jiang, Eric Allan, Jianquan Liu, Jonathan M. Chase, Xiang Liu","doi":"10.1111/geb.70029","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding the distribution of foliar fungal diseases is crucial to predicting their impact on ecosystems and their future spread. However, the relative importance of abiotic and biotic factors in determining variation in pathogens between plant communities remains controversial. Here, we tested four hypotheses: warmer, wetter climates, higher soil fertility and dominance by fast-growing plants should increase foliar pathogens, while higher plant diversity should decrease disease. We explored how those factors influence community pathogen load through changes in plant species composition and intraspecific changes in infection. Finally, we projected future distributions of community pathogen load.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>China's main grassland.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>2021–2022.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plants and foliar pathogens.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We assessed the direct and indirect effects of abiotic (climate and soil fertility) and biotic factors (community composition, species richness and plant traits) on community pathogen load and its two components by Bayesian mixed-effects and structural equation models. We employed a space-for-time substitution approach to predict disease severity under future scenarios.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found lower disease severity with higher temperatures and lower precipitation. Both temperature and precipitation indirectly influenced community pathogen load through changing species richness, plant traits and soil fertility. However, both temperature and precipitation increased the expected community pathogen load due to plant compositional change (taxa that were taller and had larger leaves) without affecting community pathogen load caused by intraspecific variation. Finally, we found that current disease pressure is highest in the northeastern and southwestern provinces. Future projections suggest fungal pathogen pressure in the Greater Khingan Range, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and central-western Inner Mongolia Plateau will increase.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Climate underlies variation in foliar fungal diseases by altering plant communities. Our findings highlight the importance of integrating climate and plant community change into disease prediction models, ","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143737043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent Responses of Soil Positive and Negative Priming Effects to Experimental Warming","authors":"Junxia Ding,&nbsp;Yanghui He,&nbsp;Liming Yin,&nbsp;Changjiang Huang,&nbsp;Kui Xue,&nbsp;Shaobin Yan,&nbsp;Ruiqiang Liu,&nbsp;Peng Wang,&nbsp;Xuhui Zhou","doi":"10.1111/geb.70028","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The priming effect (PE) refers to changes in the decomposition of native soil organic carbon induced by exogenous carbon inputs. Specifically, an increase in native soil organic carbon decomposition is termed positive PE, whereas a decrease is referred to as negative PE. In this study, we aimed to investigate how positive and negative PE respond to experimental warming and the factors controlling these responses at a global scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>2008–2025.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Soil organic matter priming.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a global meta-analysis combining 370 paired observations globally and calculated effect sizes (<i>d</i>) of experimental warming on soil positive and negative PE separately using the Hedge's <i>d</i> approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Experimental warming induced a significant negative effect on soil PE. Further, positive and negative PE responded differently to increasing temperature: warming decreased positive PE and increased negative PE, lowering the effect size (<i>d</i>) of warming on overall PE. Soil pH and clay content had the strongest influence on variance in positive and negative PE under warming, respectively. The effect of warming on PE varied with ecosystem type: positive PE was more strongly inhibited in forests and croplands compared to grasslands, whereas warming significantly decreased the magnitude of negative PE in grasslands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study reveals distinct responses of positive and negative PE to experimental warming, suggesting that PE may be lower under warming, with the effect size (<i>d</i>) depending on PE direction and ecosystem type. These findings highlight the importance of distinguishing positive from negative PE to improve predictions of soil organic carbon dynamics under climate warming.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143737041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrasting Exogenous and Endogenous Soil Microbial Carbon Use Efficiencies Under Global Changes","authors":"Xiaodong Sun,&nbsp;Chenyang Zhang,&nbsp;Zhenghu Zhou,&nbsp;Yakov Kuzyakov,&nbsp;Yiqi Luo,&nbsp;Xuhui Wang,&nbsp;Xiaobo Qin,&nbsp;Bin Wang,&nbsp;Yue Li,&nbsp;Minggang Xu,&nbsp;Andong Cai","doi":"10.1111/geb.70027","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70027","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) is one of the key indicators for the formation and release of soil carbon. CUE can be divided into exogenous CUE (CUE&lt;sub&gt;ex&lt;/sub&gt;, efficiency in using external carbon sources measured by e.g. &lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C or &lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;C labeling) and endogenous CUE (CUE&lt;sub&gt;en&lt;/sub&gt;, efficiency in using internal carbon sources measured by &lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;O labeling). Global changes strongly influence CUE, which response depends on the carbon source. However, the effect size and drivers of CUE&lt;sub&gt;ex&lt;/sub&gt; and CUE&lt;sub&gt;en&lt;/sub&gt; responses to global changes remain unclear, leading to large uncertainties when forecasting terrestrial carbon cycling. We aimed to quantify the magnitude and direction of microbial CUE&lt;sub&gt;ex&lt;/sub&gt; and CUE&lt;sub&gt;en&lt;/sub&gt; responses to global changes.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Global.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;2011–2024.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Soil microorganisms.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Database containing 213 paired microbial CUE&lt;sub&gt;ex&lt;/sub&gt; and 155 paired microbial CUE&lt;sub&gt;en&lt;/sub&gt; data was integrated and meta-analysed to assess the impacts of global change factors on microbial CUE. Additional information gathered encompassed latitude, longitude, climate, plant properties, soil properties, microbial properties and experimental conditions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We found that CUE&lt;sub&gt;ex&lt;/sub&gt; decreased with absolute latitude, while CUE&lt;sub&gt;en&lt;/sub&gt; showed the opposite trend. Warming reduced CUE&lt;sub&gt;ex&lt;/sub&gt; and CUE&lt;sub&gt;en&lt;/sub&gt; by 3.6% and 16.5%, respectively. Drought increased CUE&lt;sub&gt;ex&lt;/sub&gt; by 7.9%, but decreased CUE&lt;sub&gt;en&lt;/sub&gt; by 14.3%. Nutrient inputs consistently decreased CUE&lt;sub&gt;ex&lt;/sub&gt; by 5.0%–17.1%, while nitrogen and nitrogen combined with phosphorus and potassium inputs increased CUE&lt;sub&gt;en&lt;/sub&gt; by 25.5% and 43.1%, respectively. Aridity index, soil pH and cation exchange capacity were the main factors influencing microbial CUE&lt;sub&gt;ex&lt;/sub&gt;. In contrast, microbial respiration and growth rates, followed by microbial biomass, were the major predictors of microbial CUE&lt;sub&gt;en&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143737161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boreal Tree Growth May Be More Tolerant to Warming Than Previously Considered: Implications for Future Modelling Studies","authors":"Jiejie Wang,&nbsp;Anthony R. Taylor,&nbsp;Chris Hennigar,&nbsp;Loïc D'Orangeville","doi":"10.1111/geb.70034","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70034","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Most process-based forest simulation models used to project the impacts of climate change on forest dynamics rely on thermal transfer functions (TTF) that describe the relationship between temperature and growth. However, these functions have faced criticism, undermining model forecasts and highlighting the need for more robust TTF based on large empirical datasets. In this study, we modelled growth response to growing degree-days (GDD) of common tree species in eastern North America using an unprecedented dataset of over 1 million tree records from 29,809 permanent sample plots.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Canada and the United States.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;1958–2018.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Tree species.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We used quantile regression analysis to build TTF by modelling tree growth response to GDD for 16 tree species using a widely distributed data across North America. The newly fitted TTF were then used to project near-term (2041–2070 time period) growth responses to climate warming and were compared with TTF currently applied in published modelling studies.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our results support the assumption of a parabolic growth response curve to GDD, but challenge the assumption of optimal growth occurring at the centre of the species' climatic range (as assumed by the climatic envelope approach commonly used to develop TTF). Compared to our empirically derived TTF, the TTF used in four well-established, published forest simulation models tend to overestimate the negative impact of climate warming on the growth of cold-adapted, boreal tree species, while underestimating it for some temperate species.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our results indicate that the selected published forest models often underestimate the optimum temperature under which maximum tree growth occurs for cold-adapted, boreal species, suggesting greater resilience to climate change than previously forecasted. We recommend the application of this empirical approach to other tree species and integrating these more realistic parameters into existing modelling framewor","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143737040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic Niche Conservatism Drives Floristic Assembly Across Mexico's Temperate-Tropical Divide","authors":"Kieran N. Althaus,&nbsp;M. Socorro González-Elizondo,&nbsp;Antonio González-Rodríguez,&nbsp;Hernando Rodríguez Correa,&nbsp;Andrew L. Hipp","doi":"10.1111/geb.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70017","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We addressed the role of climate and historical biogeography on the temperate-tropical divide in Mexico, also known as the “Mexican Transition Zone” (MTZ). We asked: (1) How phylogenetic structure and species composition vary across the MTZ, (2) What roles dispersal, in situ speciation and climatic filtering play in assembling regional floras, and (3) How historical biogeographic events and climate interact to maintain the distinct floristic communities of the transition zone.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Mexico.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Present day.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Vascular plants.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We analysed occurrence data from &lt;i&gt;c.&lt;/i&gt; 3 million records, combining herbarium specimens and citizen science observations, using grade of membership (GoM) models to cluster species across all of Mexico. We combined these models with climate data and a phylogeny of 20,947 vascular plant taxa to investigate how climate and evolutionary history influence floristic turnover. We modelled transitions between temperate and tropics to understand the importance of different biogeographic events in assembling floristic diversity.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Plant composition of the MTZ is determined primarily by minimum temperature and temperature seasonality. We found strong signals of niche conservatism, especially for clades of northern, Nearctic origin, which track their niche as they move southward into the MTZ by occupying higher elevation niches. Furthermore, vascular plant diversity patterns in the temperate and transition zones have been driven largely through dispersal, whereas Neotropical plant diversity is shaped disproportionately by in situ cladogenesis.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Plant specimen records make it possible to identify transitions in plant communities that correspond to seasonality and freezing and explain biodiversity patterns in terms of macroevolutionary processes. We highlight the contrasting roles of speciation, dispersal, and niche conservatism in generating biodiversity at temperate–tropical transitions. Together, these results highlight ","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining Hierarchical Distribution Models With Dispersal Simulations to Predict the Spread of Invasive Plant Species","authors":"Adrián Lázaro-Lobo,&nbsp;Johannes Wessely,&nbsp;Franz Essl,&nbsp;Dietmar Moser,&nbsp;Borja Jiménez-Alfaro","doi":"10.1111/geb.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70026","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Predicting the future distribution of invasive species is a current challenge for biodiversity assessment. Species distribution models (SDMs) have long been the state-of-the-art to evaluate suitable areas for new invasions, but they may be limited by truncated niches and the uncertainties of species dispersal. Here, we developed a framework based on hierarchical SDMs and dispersal simulations to predict the future distribution and spread of invasive species at the ecoregion level.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Cantabrian Mixed Forests Ecoregion (SW Europe) with global distribution data.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;1950–2063.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Vascular plants.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We used occurrence data from 102 invasive species to fit SDMs with machine-learning algorithms and to simulate species dispersal. We combined habitat suitability models based on species' global climatic niches together with regional models including local variables (topography, landscape features, human activity, soil properties) in a hierarchical approach. Then, we simulated species dispersal across suitable areas over the next 40 years, considering species dispersal limitations and climate change.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Global climatic niches retained a strong contribution in the hierarchical models, followed by local factors such as human population density, sand content and soil pH. In general, the highest suitability was predicted for warm and humid climates close to the coastline and urbanised areas. The inclusion of dispersal abilities identified different trajectories of geographic spread for individual species, predicting regional hotspots of species invasion. The predictions were more dependent on global suitability and species dispersal rather than climatic warming scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study provides a comprehensive framework for predicting the regional distribution of invasive species. While hierarchical modelling combines non-truncated global climatic niches with regional drivers of species invasions, the integration of dispersal simulations allows us to anticipate invasibility in new areas. This framework can be useful to assess the current and future distribution of invasive species pools in bioge","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143690195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synchrony and Tail-Dependent Synchrony Have Different Effects on Stability of Terrestrial and Freshwater Communities","authors":"Shyamolina Ghosh,&nbsp;Blake Matthews,&nbsp;Sarah R. Supp,&nbsp;Roel van Klink,&nbsp;Francesco Pomati,&nbsp;James A. Rusak,&nbsp;Imran Khaliq,&nbsp;Niklaus E. Zimmermann,&nbsp;Thomas Wohlgemuth,&nbsp;Ole Seehausen,&nbsp;Christian Rixen,&nbsp;Martin M. Gossner,&nbsp;Anita Narwani,&nbsp;Jonathan M. Chase,&nbsp;Catherine H. Graham","doi":"10.1111/geb.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70013","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Global change can impact the stability of biological communities by affecting species richness and synchrony. While most studies focus on terrestrial ecosystems, our research includes both terrestrial and aquatic realms. Previous works measure overall community synchrony as co-variation among co-occurring species, ignoring the tail dependence—when species fluctuate together at extreme abundance levels. We used community time-series data to test two hypotheses across realms: a positive relationship between diversity (richness) and stability, and a negative relationship between synchrony and stability. Additionally, we explored how tail-dependent synchrony contributes to variations in community stability.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Global.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;1923–2020.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;7 taxa across freshwater (fish, plants, invertebrates) and terrestrial (birds, plants, invertebrates, mammals) realms.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We synthesised 20+ years of species abundance/biomass data from 2668 communities across seven taxonomic groups. Using a variance-ratio approach and copula models, we measured overall and tail-dependent synchrony. Hierarchical linear mixed-effects models in a Bayesian framework were used to assess the effects of richness and both synchrony types on stability.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We found a positive diversity–stability relationship in terrestrial but not in freshwater communities, with terrestrial stability being nearly three times higher. A negative synchrony –stability relationship was found in both realms. The best model explaining stability included realm differences, richness and both types of synchronies. For freshwater, only overall synchrony significantly impacted stability, while richness and both synchrony types were key predictors for terrestrial stability. Notably, the model overestimates terrestrial stability when tail-dependent synchrony is excluded.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Richness strongly enhanced terrestrial stability, offering the most extensive support for this relationship to date. In addition, tail-dependent synchrony provides key insights into stability differences across ecosystems. As extreme environmental events increase, incorporating tail-dependent","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aridity-Driven Non-Linear Shift of Plant Sodium Allocation Strategy at Regional and Global Scales","authors":"Hongbo Guo,&nbsp;Jiahui Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Kang,&nbsp;Cong Yu,&nbsp;Nianpeng He","doi":"10.1111/geb.70025","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plants allocate sodium (Na) to leaves and roots as an adaptation to salinity and drought, potentially modulating herbivory and ecosystem carbon cycling. However, large-scale spatial patterns and environmental drivers of plant Na allocation remain unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>China and the world.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Field data were collected between 2013 and 2019. Literature data were collected between 1970 and 2024.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vascular plants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We compiled a global database of paired leaf Na (Na_Leaf) and root Na (Na_Root) content, combining field observations from 2183 species across 72 Chinese ecosystems with globally synthesised literature records.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The spatial pattern of plant Na allocation between leaves and roots is primarily regulated by aridity. Generally, plants allocate more Na to roots in humid zones but more to leaves in arid zones. Furthermore, aridification leads to abrupt and non-linear increases in the Na_Leaf to Na_Root ratio (Na_Leaf:Root) when aridity exceeds the critical threshold (0.814 for the Chinese plant species and 0.774 for the Chinese plant community). Importantly, the threshold response is consistently observed from species to community levels and from China to global biomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings demonstrate the flexible allocation of plant Na in response to salinity and drought on a large scale. Projected aridification could amplify leaf Na allocation in threshold-exceeding regions, possibly enhancing the activity of herbivores and decomposers and triggering cascading impacts on plant community structure and carbon cycling rate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precipitation Steepness Drives Global Patterns of Changes in Bird Community Composition Without Major Phylogenetic Signal","authors":"Nanami Kubota,&nbsp;Pedro Abellán,&nbsp;Mario Gaspar,&nbsp;José D. Anadón","doi":"10.1111/geb.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70023","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Understanding the processes that structure biodiversity on Earth is a major challenge in biology. Our work tests three key hypotheses driving taxonomic changes in bird communities globally, focusing on nestedness and turnover components: (1) contemporary climate, related to energy and water availability; (2) climate stability, reflecting shifts since the last glacial maximum; and (3) climatic heterogeneity, describing environmental gradients. We also examine whether these processes explain deviations in phylogenetic composition from expectations based on taxonomic changes among communities.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Global.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Present.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Birds.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We calculated total taxonomic dissimilarity, its nestedness and turnover components, between neighbouring cells considering all living bird species. We tested for significant phylogenetic over- and underdispersion by comparing observed phylogenetic dissimilarity to a null model. We used linear regression models to quantify the relationships between taxonomic dissimilarity and phylogenetic deviations with climatic variables representing our hypotheses.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Precipitation steepness, that is, relative changes in precipitation, was strongly correlated with taxonomic changes (&lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 27%), driving both changes in local community richness (nestedness) and species replacement between different regional pools (turnover). These two processes were decoupled, with precipitation steepness driving richness differences up to 1200 mm of annual precipitation, and turnover being more relevant in hyperarid and tropical areas. Phylogenetic deviations were common (35% of global cells), resulting from both over- and underdispersion, but they lacked a climatic signal.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our work supports the hypothesis that climatic heterogeneity, due to precipitation steepness, is the main climatic factor driving composition changes in bird communities globally, controlling local richness and transitions between regional pools. Changes in species composition often lead to phylogenetic dispersion or clustering, but the main processes responsible for taxonomic sorting are phylogenetical","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"34 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}