Global Ecology and Biogeography最新文献

{"title":"An Open Occurrence Dataset for European Subterranean Spiders","authors":"Giuseppe Nicolosi, Adrià Bellvert, Isabel R. Amorim, Gergely Balázs, Anna Biró, Paulo A. V. Borges, Traian Brad, Tommaso Cancellario, Pedro Cardoso, Lorenzo Cresi, Luis Crespo, Anđela Čukušić, Iva Čupić, Teo Delić, Sophie Front, Adrián García-Villarín, Donard Geci, Thomas Hesselberg, Marco Isaia, Joanna Kocot-Zalewska, Peter Kozel, Josiane Lips, Nuria Macías-Hernández, Tone Novak, Pedro Oromí, Paolo Pantini, Kaloust Paragamian, Savvas Paragkamian, Diego Patiño-Sauma, Nikola Pischiutta, Žak Pušnar, Milan Rezac, Carles Ribera, Afonso Rodrigues, Tin Rožman, Ignac Sivec, Mojmir Štangelj, Karla Tolić, Marco Tolve, Maja Zagmajster, Martina Pavlek, Stefano Mammola","doi":"10.1111/geb.70328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70328","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Motivation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Spiders are common inhabitants of caves and other subterranean habitats, where they play key ecological roles as generalist predators and strongly influence local food webs. They have been instrumental as model organisms for testing various eco-evolutionary hypotheses. Furthermore, strictly subterranean species exhibiting narrow ranges and high endemism are particularly significant for conservation planning and vulnerability assessments. Although high-quality data are essential for research on and conservation of subterranean spiders, such information remains scarce, especially regarding distribution patterns. To help fill this gap, we screened the literature, unpublished records and open datasets to compile georeferenced occurrences of subterranean spiders across caves and other subterranean habitats throughout Europe. To illustrate one potential application of the compiled dataset, we also present a prediction of subterranean spider richness patterns across Europe using stacked species distribution models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Types of Variables Contained</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The European Subterranean Spider Dataset (ESSD) comprises 31,498 records of 637 subterranean-dwelling spider species, covering a range of information including taxonomy, locality details (such as location name, country, geographic coordinates, type of subterranean habitat) and reference information for each record. All variables are coded using the Darwin Core Standard, ensuring interoperability with the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and other biodiversity databases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Spatial Location and Grain</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The collected data are distributed across 42 countries within the European continent, with varying spatial uncertainty. Most coordinates of localities are taken at the cave entrance (uncertainty of ca. 10 m), or at the nearest hamlet when precise coordinates are not available (uncertainty of ca. 1 km).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period and Grain</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The data represent information made available between 1881 and 2026.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa and Level of Measurement</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>637 species (including morphospecies under description) of subterranean spiders across 28 families. These species span a gradient of ecological dependence on subterranean habitats, ranging from species still able to exploit surface habitats to obligate subterranean dwellers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Software Format</h3>\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"35 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149356163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioural Plasticity Is Associated With Climate Tracking in Birds","authors":"Cong Yu, Yuhang Li, Meijun Liu, Simone Ciuti","doi":"10.1111/geb.70327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70327","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To test whether behavioural plasticity is associated with birds' ability to track climate change and whether this relationship differs among spatial gradients and range positions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Range-shift and feeding-related behavioural plasticity observations compiled from 1890 to 2018.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Birds.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We combined 5733 population-level range-shift observations from 1096 bird species in the BioShifts database with a global dataset of avian feeding innovations, a proxy for behavioural plasticity. Using Bayesian phylogenetic mixed-effects models fitted separately for latitudinal and elevational gradients and for range centroids, leading edges and trailing edges, we tested whether innovation modified the coupling between range-shift and local climate change velocity, while controlling for key life-history traits, environmental covariates and phylogenetic non-independence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At latitudinal range centroids, innovative species showed tighter coupling between range-shift and climate velocities than non-innovative species, but this association was not supported at leading or trailing edges. Innovativeness was not associated with elevational tracking at centroids or leading edges but was positively associated with tracking at trailing edges. Tracking probability declined as climate velocity increased along both gradients, but innovativeness buffered this decline at latitudinal range centroids and elevational trailing edge. Other life-history and environmental covariates showed limited associations with climate tracking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Feeding-related behavioural plasticity is associated with stronger climate tracking in birds at latitudinal range centroids and elevational trailing edges. These associations vary across spatial gradients and range positions, suggesting that the contribution of behavioural plasticity to redistribution depends on the ecological processes governing different parts of species' ranges. Incorporating behavioural traits alongside envir","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"35 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70327","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149355969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Patterns in β-Diversity Among Plants, Soil Fungi and Insects Across Two Subarctic Landscapes","authors":"Pablo Peña-Aguilera, Bastien Parisy, Laerke Stewart, Eero Vesterinen, Helena Wirta, Tomas Roslin","doi":"10.1111/geb.70325","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70325","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Whether different organism groups show similar β-diversity across space has major implications for biotic interactions. Nonetheless, apparent β-diversity can also be caused by mere sampling, calling for an explicit separation of random vs. non-random contributions to compositional differences across samples. We compared β-diversity patterns of three kingdoms across the same set of 40 sites, while explicitly accounting for sampling effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two mountainous tundra landscapes (~14 km<sup>2</sup> each) located 350 km apart: the Kilpisjärvi region (north-western Finland; 20 sampling sites centred on 69°03′N, 20°51′ E) and the western Varanger Peninsula (north-eastern Norway; 20 sampling sites centred on 70°31′N, 29°05′ E).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>2020 (fungi, arthropods); 2021 (arthropods); 2022 (vascular plants).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Flying and ground-dwelling arthropods, vascular plants, soil fungi.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For each taxonomic group, we examined the increase in β-diversity (i.e., pairwise community dissimilarity) with increasing distance. To account for sampling effects, we subsampled abundance data to equal sample coverage and presence–absence data to equal species richness. To test the significance of the rate of distance decay, we compared observed patterns to permuted patterns expected under random placement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, we find larger differences between local communities than are attributable to mere sampling. The level of β-diversity differed among organism groups. Further distances were associated with a larger rate of dissimilarity in plants and fungi than in arthropods, and this difference persisted even after standardizing samples to equal coverage.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings suggest that at the landscape level, different organism groups will be differentially impacted by physical distances. Pairwise community similarity will be strongly patterned by distance even in vagile groups, such as fungi and flying insects. Differential rates of species turnover suggest that different specie","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"35 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70325","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149304346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Patterns in the Nutrient Composition Delivered by Seabirds to Coastal and Island Ecosystems","authors":"Jakob Quade, Karina Meredith, Graeme F. Clark","doi":"10.1111/geb.70326","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70326","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Consumer-mediated nutrient dynamics are crucial for sustaining ecosystems. While most research has focused on the magnitude of seabird-derived nutrient fluxes, the role of species and diet composition in shaping nutrient quality remains largely unexplored. We aim to test whether the stoichiometric composition of seabird-derived nutrient subsidies is spatially structured.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>1950–2025.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seabirds: Charadriiformes, Pelecaniformes, Phaethontiformes, Procellariiformes, Sphenisciformes and Suliformes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using dietary data and prey nutrient stoichiometry, we quantified nitrogen and phosphorus excretion for 166 seabird species and analysed variation in excreta nitrogen:phosphorus (N:P) ratios across geographic gradients. Spatial patterns were assessed at three scales: (i) species centroid distributions; (ii) global patterns weighted by breeding abundance at the grid-cell level (141 species); and (iii) continental patterns weighted by breeding abundance at the colony level (79 species).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Excreta N:P ratios showed a strong latitudinal gradient, declining from southern high latitudes towards the tropics. Abundance-weighted analyses confirmed this pattern at both global and continental scales, with increased nitrogen enrichment in Arctic regions, although less pronounced than in the Southern Ocean. Stoichiometry varied strongly across climate zones, with greater stoichiometric variability in polar and subpolar regions than in the tropics. Taxonomic identity and diet composition were the strongest predictors of excretion stoichiometry, but geographical patterns contributed substantially.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Consistent with ecological stoichiometry, species identity and diet are primary drivers of seabird nutrient composition. Spatial patterns identify regions of high stoichiometric variability that are likely sensitive to shifts in prey availability and species redistribution under climate change. N:P ratios of deposited excreta broadly align with mari","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"35 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70326","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149292830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interacting Effects of Climate and Land Use on Biodiversity: A Guide to What They Are and Why They Matter","authors":"Matilda Arnell,&nbsp;Andrew J. Suggitt,&nbsp;Laura H. Antão,&nbsp;Rob Cooke,&nbsp;Andrea Cristiano,&nbsp;Cristina Ganuza,&nbsp;Phillipa K. Gillingham,&nbsp;Blaise Martay,&nbsp;Teresa Montràs-Janer,&nbsp;Hedvig Nenzén,&nbsp;Tim Newbold,&nbsp;Charlotte L. Outhwaite,&nbsp;Jessica J. Williams,&nbsp;Alistair G. Auffret","doi":"10.1111/geb.70322","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70322","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Climate and land-use change are two key drivers of biodiversity change. Their widespread effects on species and communities have prompted fears that interactions between the two drivers could cause severe biodiversity loss. As the literature on this subject expands rapidly, variation in methodological choices and the terminology used to describe results, combined with context-dependent or individualistic responses across taxa and systems, hinders our ability to systematically evaluate how species and communities are affected by the interacting effects of climate and land-use change.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clarification</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We provide guidance for investigating climate-land-use interactions, following clear definitions and including recent examples from natural and semi-natural systems. We highlight how variation in methodologies, language inconsistencies, data limitations, and the inherent variation among populations and species can affect the analysis of climate-land-use interactions. Importantly, we demonstrate how failing to consider interactive effects can negatively impact the outcomes of conservation interventions designed to protect biodiversity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Communicating Climate-Land-Use Interactions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We provide a roadmap to guide future work, highlighting important considerations for understanding and communicating climate-land-use interactions relevant for both policy and conservation. Outlining how different factors can complicate our understanding of interactive effects is a key step towards the accurate detection, interpretation and communication of the effects of climate and land-use change on biodiversity in a rapidly-changing world.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"35 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70322","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149272007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Regional Occupancy is Negatively Related to Richness Across Space and Time”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/geb.70273","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70273","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>Shipley, B.R.</span> and <span>Saupe, E.E.</span> (<span>2025</span>), <span>Regional Occupancy Is Negatively Related to Richness Across Time and Space</span>. <i>Global Ecology and Biogeography</i>, <span>34</span>: e70009. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70009\u0000 </p><p>The authors would like to provide a point of clarification in regards to the statistical justification of the negative relationship between regional occupancy and species richness. Between independent, uncorrelated variables Z and X, a negative relationship is expected between Z/X and X, as a statistical artifact (see the ‘spurious’ correlation issue described by Jackson &amp; Somers, 1991). However, based on several statistical and theoretical grounds, this issue does not apply to their research. To avoid misinterpretation of their results and misconceptions about the ‘spurious correlation’ issue, they have updated the methods in section 2.5 (‘A Null Model of Occupancy and Richness’) and included a new Appendix (S11), describing the issue and explaining why their results are not affected by it. The changes made influence neither their results nor their interpretations of them.</p><p>Section 2.5 has been renamed to “Null Models of Occupancy and Richness”, and the first two paragraphs of this section have been updated.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"35 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70273","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149251293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Missing Taxa and Phylogenetic Imputation on Spatial Phylogenetic Studies","authors":"Luis Francisco Henao-Diaz,&nbsp;Shawn W. Laffan,&nbsp;Brent D. Mishler","doi":"10.1111/geb.70323","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70323","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Spatial phylogenetic tools offer an evolutionary and geographical picture of biodiversity by characterising its multidimensional facets. Although phylogenetic trees are becoming increasingly comprehensive, they still represent only a fraction of the known terminal taxa in any biota. As an attempt to improve sample coverage, missing taxa are frequently imputed into a backbone phylogeny using their taxonomic classification. Here, we evaluated the effects of both incomplete taxon sampling and phylogenetic imputation on the quantitative, spatial patterns of phylodiversity.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Japan.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Present day.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Ferns (Polypodiopsida).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Using a dataset that is nearly complete for known terminal taxa, we conducted sensitivity analyses for a set of phylodiversity and endemicity analyses. We analysed trees using two approaches: (1) an increasing proportion of tips pruned under different selection scenarios, and (2) those tips phylogenetically imputed back into the tree using taxonomic classification. Tips were pruned at random and also using two methods that mimicked: (1) biased sampling based on species range sizes and (2) biased sampling among major clades on the tree. We assessed predictive performance and bias across spatial phylogenetic metrics and endemicity categorizations.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Across all pruning methods, phylogenies with considerably reduced taxon sampling (particularly with biased sampling) exhibited lower predictive performance in endemicity categorization than imputed trees. However, unbiased incomplete trees had lower mean error for observed values of all phylodiversity metrics, as compared to imputed trees and SES metrics (which were also highly volatile). Estimation biases are lowest in trees with taxa imputed at random below-crown nodes.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our work suggests exercising caution when conducting spatial phylogenetic analyses in cases of limited taxon sampling, particularly when such sampling is spatially biased. Careful taxonomic imputation at","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"35 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70323","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149251294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling Biodiversity Change: A Multi-Scale Decomposition of Changes in European Breeding Bird Diversity","authors":"M. Beck,&nbsp;P. Gaüzère,&nbsp;D. E. Bowler,&nbsp;J. Estopinan,&nbsp;C. Fontaine,&nbsp;R. Goury,&nbsp;M. Hedde,&nbsp;I. Martins,&nbsp;N. Morueta-Holme,&nbsp;L. Santini,&nbsp;C. Violle,&nbsp;A. Aunins,&nbsp;M. P. Boom,&nbsp;L. Brotons,&nbsp;B. Fontaine,&nbsp;A. Gamero,&nbsp;A. Lehikoinen,&nbsp;C. Pladevall,&nbsp;J. Reif,&nbsp;B. Stokke,&nbsp;N. Strebel,&nbsp;T. Szep,&nbsp;N. Teufelbauer,&nbsp;W. Thuiller,&nbsp;F. Schrodt","doi":"10.1111/geb.70320","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70320","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Biodiversity trends often vary across spatio-temporal scales and are influenced by complex community structural changes beyond species richness alone, such as homogenisation and/or shifts in relative abundances. This study aims to explore how changes in community structure shape temporal trends in richness across spatial scales, offering a more mechanistic view of how biodiversity is changing.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Europe.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;1975–2023.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Birds.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We first assessed temporal trends in breeding bird richness at local and national scales for 25 European countries. Next, we applied the multi-scale ‘Measurement of Biodiversity’ framework in a temporal context to decompose changes in species richness into contributions from shifts in bird density (number of individuals per unit area), Species Abundance Distribution (SAD) and conspecific spatial aggregation. We quantified how these community components drive species richness across a gradient of sampling effort and explored the consistency of emerging patterns across Europe. Analyses were repeated for farmland and forest guilds, as well as across ecoregions within countries.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Bird richness showed heterogeneous trends among countries at local scales, whereas at national scales we detected general increases in richness. Despite some variation across countries and functional guilds, three general patterns emerged: density and conspecific aggregation dominated richness dynamics at small to mid-scale, both with effects varying in direction among countries, whereas shifts towards increasingly even SADs and/or larger effective species pools governed broad-scale trends. Partly, trends in richness and component's patterns displayed contrasting trends across ecoregions within countries, highlighting the need for sub-national analyses.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This scale-explicit, component-based approach elucidates how community structural changes shape species richness patterns across spatial scales. Importantly, it allows disentangling concurrent processes influencing richness, including those that may reinforce or offset one another. By clarifying how communities are restructured th","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"35 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149235814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dispersal Limitations Restrict Predicted Climate-Driven Biodiversity Dynamics Across North America","authors":"Zhe Meng,&nbsp;Yue Wang,&nbsp;Julia A. Schap,&nbsp;Benjamin R. Shipley,&nbsp;Katherine Slenker,&nbsp;Heather Strathearn,&nbsp;Bistra Dilkina,&nbsp;Jenny L. McGuire","doi":"10.1111/geb.70321","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70321","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Species may not fully track shifting climatic conditions when dispersal is limited, yet how species-specific dispersal constraints scale up to shape biodiversity redistribution across taxa remains unclear. We evaluated how dispersal limitation modifies projected biodiversity dynamics under climate change.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;North America.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Contemporary to late 21st century.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Terrestrial vertebrates.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We developed species distribution models for 256 terrestrial vertebrate species spanning dispersal rates from 0 to ~100 km/year. We compared climate-driven projections based on climatic suitability with projections incorporating species-specific dispersal constraints. We further assessed how dispersal capacity influences habitat accessibility and projected overlap with major land-cover categories and protected areas.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Dispersal limitation substantially altered the magnitude and spatial structure of projected biodiversity change. Climate-driven projections predicted increasing species richness and poleward range expansion, whereas dispersal-limited projections suppressed leading-edge expansion, amplified range contraction and generated extensive climatically suitable but inaccessible habitat. These effects intensified under stronger climate forcing and were most pronounced at high latitudes. Species with lower dispersal capacities experienced substantially greater mismatches between climatically suitable and accessible habitat. Dispersal limitation also altered projected landscape overlap: overlap with forests, wetlands, and protected areas increased under climate-driven projections but declined when dispersal constraints were incorporated, whereas dispersal limitation attenuated projected increases or amplified projected declines in other landscape categories.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Species-specific dispersal capacity acts as a biological filter on climate tracking, and climate-driven projections may therefore overestimate species' ability to track environmental change. These species-level constraints scale up to alter continental biodiversity redistribution and its spatial correspondence with different landscape ","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"35 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Diversity Shifts Across the Ediacaran Period Suggest Multiple Drivers for the Rise of Complex Animals","authors":"Matthew Craffey,&nbsp;Alex B. Shupinski,&nbsp;Simon A. F. Darroch,&nbsp;S. Kathleen Lyons","doi":"10.1111/geb.70318","DOIUrl":"10.1111/geb.70318","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The Ediacaran Period (~635–538.5 Ma) records the initial rise and diversification of animals. While many studies have examined the evolving structure of these early animal communities, far fewer have examined evolving function. Here, we quantify change in functional diversity (i.e., the distribution of ecological traits within assemblages) in marine benthic communities throughout the Ediacaran. These metrics allow us to identify how biotic assemblages responded to ecological, environmental, and spatial pressures to form communities.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Global.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;575–538.5 Ma.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Marine macrofauna of the Ediacaran Period.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Genus occurrence and functional trait data were collected from museum collections and the primary literature. From those data, we assessed paleocommunity and global functional diversity using three indices: functional richness, evenness, and divergence, and used these to reconstruct aspects of trait variation. We then used a Jackknife approach to test how individual traits contributed to each functional diversity index. Finally, we quantified how functional beta diversity changed across the Ediacaran, testing whether spatial variation in functional diversity changed between assemblages.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We found that functional richness and divergence significantly varied between chronostratigraphic ‘assemblages’, following rises and falls in paleocommunity taxonomic richness. We find that no single trait controlled functional diversity patterns across assemblages. However, in the last assemblage of the Ediacaran, we find evidence for increased trait filtering between global and paleocommunity functional richness—a pattern which is most strongly indicated by an increase in functional beta diversity.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We interpret our results as reflecting overlapping patterns of environmental and ecological change, reducing paleo-community functional diversity across different spatial scales. Thus, the balance of pressures operating in tandem across different spatial ","PeriodicalId":176,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","volume":"35 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/geb.70318","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149172936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}