Journal of Wildlife Management最新文献

{"title":"White-tailed deer behaviors at three forage settings: Implications for transmission of chronic wasting disease","authors":"Samantha E. Courtney,&nbsp;Jack C. Magee,&nbsp;Melissa Nichols,&nbsp;Dwayne R. Etter,&nbsp;Steven M. Gray,&nbsp;Sonja Christensen,&nbsp;David Williams,&nbsp;Gary J. Roloff","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70036","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jwmg.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is induced by a protein found in cervid brains called prions that cause folding of other neural proteins. These prions are transmitted among individual cervids via direct (individual to individual), indirect (e.g., individual to environment), and self (e.g., licking an infected area) contacts. Supplemental feeding tends to concentrate deer (<i>Odocoileus</i> spp.), with implications for inter-individual prion transmission. Prion transmission depends on deer behaviors, yet information on behaviors at various forage settings is lacking. We quantified behaviors thought to play a role in prion transmission exhibited by white-tailed deer (<i>O. virginianus</i>) at baited sites, food plots, and areas used for foraging in the surrounding landscape (hereafter landscape forage areas [LFAs]) using camera trapping and road-based transect surveys during the post-breeding period (January through April 2021–2023). We conducted 4,172 deer observations across all forage settings (15% from LFA transects, 69% from bait sites, 16% from food plots), and found fewer direct contacts (i.e., deer to deer) at food plots and LFAs compared to bait sites. We found a lower number of self-contacts (e.g., deer licking a body part) at food plots compared to bait sites and observed fewer environmental contacts (e.g., deer potentially ingesting soil) at food plots and LFAs compared to bait sites. At bait sites, we found that yearling males had a greater tendency to directly contact male and female adults, with this tendency greatest when &gt;2 adults were visible. We also measured deer fecal deposition at forage settings, as prions in feces are potentially available for uptake by uninfected individuals. The probability of finding a deer fecal pellet at food plots and LFAs was lower than at bait sites, but amount of fecal material did not vary among forage settings. Ordinal day negatively affected the probability of finding a deer pellet across all forage settings. Our findings indicate that the probability of direct and environmental contacts at bait sites exceeds contacts at food plots and LFAs. Additionally, higher probability of fecal deposition coupled with more environmental contacts at bait sites increases potential transmission of prions. In areas of concern for CWD, food plots and LFAs appear to offer less risky food sources for deer during the post-breeding period compared to bait sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.70036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144299605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land cover attributes affect the distribution of rooting damage by wild pigs (Sus scrofa)","authors":"Travis E. Stoakley,&nbsp;Joseph W. Treichler,&nbsp;Kurt C. VerCauteren,&nbsp;James C. Beasley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70032","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jwmg.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rapid expansion of invasive wild pig (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) populations over the past several decades has resulted in an increased distribution of damage to native systems throughout their introduced range. Despite the extent of wild pig damage and growing concerns among land managers, there is limited published data regarding the variability of damage in relation to season and fine-scale land cover attributes. We assessed wild pig rooting damage during the winter (January-March) and summer (June-August) of 2020 along 36 km of 10-m-wide transects on the Savannah River Site (SRS) and 34 km of 10-m-wide transects on privately owned agricultural (POA) properties in South Carolina, USA. We recorded fine-scale land cover attributes at damage and control sites to determine the factors that were most closely associated with wild pig rooting damage. We reported 6,825.5 m² of rooting damage over 36 km of survey transects on the SRS and 3,146.9 m² of rooting damage over 34 km of survey transects on the POA properties over winter and summer seasons. The average depth of rooting damage was 11.8 cm on the SRS and 11.2 cm on the POA properties. Our modeling results suggested rooting by wild pigs was more likely to occur in earlier winter months, in hardwood stands, proximal to water, and in areas with less ground vegetation and greater stem density, and less likely to occur in areas with greater tree density and near roads. Our results can help facilitate early detection of wild pig expansion by highlighting key areas to monitor for wild pig presence.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.70032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144299898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using public participation and genetic mark-recapture data to estimate urban moose population demographics","authors":"David T. Saalfeld,&nbsp;Cory J. Stantorf,&nbsp;D. Battle,&nbsp;Andrew W. Barclay,&nbsp;Sandra L. Talbot,&nbsp;George K. Sage,&nbsp;Sean Farley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70034","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jwmg.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Effective wildlife management often requires data on population size, survival, sex ratios, and site fidelity; however, obtaining these metrics can be difficult in areas or years when traditional techniques such as aerial surveys are ineffective or prohibitive, resulting in a need for alternative sampling techniques. In this study, we developed a methodology for estimating demographics of an urban moose (<i>Alces alces</i>) population by combining reports from the public and genetic mark-recapture data. From 2018–2021, we elicited the public's help during a 3-day period in late February to locate moose for biopsy sampling in Anchorage, Alaska, USA. Each year, &gt;800 reports from the public allowed us to obtain 891 biopsy samples. Combined with an additional 493 samples obtained from roadkilled or harvested moose, we identified 837 unique individuals with 433 recapture events (recapture rate = 59%). Using genetic mark-recapture techniques, we estimated there to be 306 (95% CI = 222–390) moose within Anchorage, a relatively high density (1.5 moose/km²) suggesting urban areas may have perceived advantages to moose such as reduced predation risks, greater foraging opportunities, or lower snow depths on plowed roads and groomed trails. Additionally, moose exhibited high winter site fidelity and moved &lt;3.0 km between captures on average. However, survival rates of adults (73%; 95% CI = 60–83%) and calves (i.e., individuals surviving from 9 months of age to the subsequent February survey; 48%; 95% CI = 32–65%) were low, suggesting urban areas may act as an ecological trap due to mortality risks from vehicle collisions. This study showed that by eliciting public participation in an urban environment, genetic mark-recapture was a feasible alternative to traditional aerial surveys to estimate moose population demographics, a technique that could easily be adapted to other urban areas and wildlife species.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144299924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A longitudinal analysis of pathogen shedding patterns in confiscated eastern box turtles","authors":"Maris J. Daleo,&nbsp;Lilia Medvedev,&nbsp;Carly R. Harkey,&nbsp;Amber L. Simmons,&nbsp;Kaitlin M. Moorhead,&nbsp;Emily R. Whitmer,&nbsp;Martha A. Delaney,&nbsp;Laura A. Adamovicz,&nbsp;Dave Collins,&nbsp;Matthew C. Allender","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70035","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jwmg.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Eastern box turtles (<i>Terrapene carolina carolina</i>) have experienced population declines due to the illegal wildlife trade and its association with the spread of infectious diseases, yet the dynamics of infections are not thoroughly described. In the fall of 2022, 17 confiscated eastern box turtles arrived at the University of Illinois after being intercepted from the illegal wildlife trade with an initial 41.2% prevalence of frog virus 3 (FV3). We housed turtles individually and tested them for FV3, <i>Terrapene</i> herpesvirus 1 (TerHV1), box turtle <i>Mycoplasma</i> sp. (BTMyco), and <i>Terrapene</i> adenovirus (TerAdv) via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) on combined oral and cloacal swabs monthly for 13 months. We used occupancy models to determine unbiased pathogen prevalence and detection probabilities for infected turtles. No turtles tested positive for FV3 after initial testing. Observed pathogen prevalence values were within 10% of unbiased prevalence estimates; however, the probability of detecting pathogens in an infected turtle during a given month was generally low (TerHV1 = 32.7%, TerAdv = 21.2%, and BTMyco = 49.9%). Turtles were intermittently co-detected with both BTMyco and TerHV1 (<i>n</i> = 7), BTMyco and TerAdv (<i>n</i> = 10), and TerHV1 and TerAdv (<i>n</i> = 6). In co-detections, the presence of TerHV1 and BTMyco decreased the detection probabilities of other pathogens. Of the 2 turtles that died, gross and histologic findings included nephritis in both turtles, one of which had severe inflammation, and the other turtle had a large coelomic hematoma. This study provides evidence-based sampling strategies to maximize the detection of individuals infected with common box turtle pathogens. The best detection rate for 2 swabs includes monthly sampling for BTMyco, TerHV1, and TerAdv, but if turtles are housed for longer, 2 swabs every third month should be used for optimal detection. These findings have implications for the design and interpretation of research studies and clinical management of box turtles in managed care and can inform placement and release decisions during confiscation events.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.70035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144299899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatially explicit capture-mark-recapture to evaluate demographic status of the Louisiana black bear","authors":"Joseph D. Clark,&nbsp;Heidi L. Adams,&nbsp;Ben Augustine,&nbsp;John R. Berry III,&nbsp;Dustin Champagne,&nbsp;Maria Davidson,&nbsp;John Hanks,&nbsp;Jared Laufenberg,&nbsp;Sean M. Murphy","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70023","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jwmg.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Louisiana black bears (<i>Ursus americanus luteolus</i>) occur in semi-isolated fragments of bottomland hardwood forest in the lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley and were listed as threatened under the United States Endangered Species Act in 1992. A population viability analysis based on radio-telemetry and capture-mark-recapture (CMR) data collected from 2002 to 2012 revealed that the probability of bears persisting in at least 1 subpopulation was &gt;0.999, which prompted the United States Fish and Wildlife Service to remove the Louisiana black bear from the threatened species list in 2016. A post-delisting monitoring plan was developed, which included continued noninvasive CMR surveys to monitor subpopulation trends. We used genetic CMR data based on non-invasively collected hair samples for a post-delisting assessment of the demographic status of the black bear subpopulations in Louisiana, USA. The assessment included primary range in the Tensas River Basin (TRB; 2006–2020), the Upper Atchafalaya River Basin (UARB; 2007–2020), and the Three Rivers Complex (TRC; 2014 and 2021), where bears had been reintroduced beginning in 2001, and adjacent areas of possible range expansion (i.e., secondary range). We used spatially explicit closed-population capture-recapture models to estimate abundance (<i>N</i>), density (<i>D</i>), and the realized population growth rate (<i>λ</i>) for female bears at TRB, UARB, and TRC. Model-averaged estimates of <i>N</i> for primary range at TRB ranged from 135 (95% CI = 121–149) female bears in 2006 to 140 (95% CI = 123–157) in 2020 with mean <i>λ</i> of 1.003 (95% CI = 0.991–1.015), which suggested a stable primary population. An estimated 56 (95% CI = 19–92) additional female bears occurred in secondary range at TRB in 2020. Model-averaged estimates of <i>N</i> for primary range at UARB ranged from 35 (95% CI = 28–43) females in 2007 to 33 (95% CI = 28–43) in 2020, with mean <i>λ</i> = 0.996 (95% CI = 0.972–1.020), again suggesting a stable population. We estimated 3 (95% CI = 0–6) additional female bears occurred in secondary range at UARB during 2020. The estimate of <i>N</i> at TRC was 28 (95% CI = 18–44) females in 2014 and 42 (95% CI = 19–94) in 2021. The number of bears in the secondary ranges suggests some bears may have emigrated from the primary areas and colonized secondary areas, likely facilitated by increases in bottomland hardwood forests adjacent to the core populations. The stable primary populations, the reintroduced population at TRC, and the number of bears in secondary range adjacent to TRB indicate the overall number of Louisiana black bears has increased since monitoring began.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144299584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing and monitoring island breeding colonies to conserve an imperiled lagomorph","authors":"Thomas J. McGreevy Jr.,&nbsp;Sozos Michaelides,&nbsp;Diana M. Beltrán,&nbsp;Wales Carter,&nbsp;Brian C. Tefft,&nbsp;Dylan Ferreira,&nbsp;Andrea M. Petrullo,&nbsp;Thomas P. Husband","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70029","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jwmg.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Islands have a long history in species conservation, as they often have fewer predators and competitors than mainland sites. In some instances, islands have been used as breeding colonies to support mainland translocations. In the past decade, 2 islands in New England have been selected to establish island breeding colonies of New England cottontail (<i>Sylvilagus transitionalis</i>), a species of conservation concern. The 2 islands, Patience Island and Nomans Land Island National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), were initiated in 2012 and 2019, respectively. Our main objective was to monitor the genetic diversity and population size response of the removal of New England cottontails from Patience Island for translocation to mainland sites. This allowed us to test theoretical predictions about the species' change in genetic diversity over time on an island system. As expected, the mitochondrial DNA haplotype diversity of New England cottontail decreased at a faster rate than their nuclear DNA heterozygosity, the latter remaining stable for over a decade. We also radio-collared founders released on both islands to estimate their individual survival, which decreased as additional founders were released on Patience Island. We tested the influence of outcrossing parents from different populations on the survival of their released offspring on Patience Island, which had similar survival as offspring with parents from the same population. The survival of Nomans Land Island NWR founders was higher than that of Patience Island founders, likely because of the lack of mammalian predators on Nomans Land Island NWR. Islands have played a critical role in supporting New England cottontail conservation and, in the right circumstances, islands could be used to support the conservation of other lagomorphs of conservation concern. However, careful consideration is needed before an animal is introduced to an island to reduce the possible negative impacts to the island's fauna and flora and maximize the potential success of the island population in supporting the focal species' conservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.70029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carnivore resource subsidies to support predator reintroductions and mitigate threats to reintroduced prey","authors":"Ben Stepkovitch,&nbsp;Katherine Tuft,&nbsp;Nathan Manders,&nbsp;Katherine E. Moseby","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70028","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jwmg.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The potential risk to threatened prey species is a real or perceived barrier to reintroducing carnivores to fenced or island conservation reserves. Supplementary feeding of reintroduced carnivores is a tool that may increase translocation success and ease predation pressure on prey populations at critical times. In 2020–2022, we monitored the activity of native prey, and the activity and diet of a reintroduced predator, the western quoll (<i>Dasyurus geoffroii</i>), around carcass feeding stations in an Australian fenced reserve. We compared camera detections of predators and prey at sites where carcass presence was manipulated (carcasses added, removed, or absent) over a period of 21 months. Quoll activity and detections increased around feeding stations when carcasses were added, while activity of small rodents and bilbies were reduced. Bandicoot detections at sites with carcasses were also reduced but only at sites where supplementary carcasses had been provisioned for &gt;2 years. There were significant (rodents) and non-significant (bilbies, bandicoots) trends for less prey remains in scats collected close to feeding stations, suggesting prey behavioral avoidance rather than elevated hunting at feeding sites. In comparison, reptiles, also a quoll prey item, were higher in scats near feeding stations, suggesting reptile attraction to feeding stations where they are preyed on by quolls. Our results, combined with previously demonstrated reductions in mammalian prey abundance at a reserve-wide scale, suggest that carcass subsidies do not elevate hunting at local scales but could sustain or increase predator density at broad scales. Until further work is conducted, we advocate for only intermittent use of feeding stations during the immediate post-release period to help anchor and acclimatize predators to the release site, and during times of resource scarcity such as drought.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.70028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using relative deprivation theory to investigate wildlife recreationists' perceived differences in state wildlife agency services","authors":"Bennett Grooms,&nbsp;Ashley Dayer,&nbsp;Jessica Barnes,&nbsp;Ashley Peele,&nbsp;Jonathan Rutter","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70027","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jwmg.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Developing a deeper understanding about how wildlife recreationists perceive state fish and wildlife agencies as currently serving them, and how they feel valued in relation to other recreation groups, may help agencies more effectively engage their recreation constituencies. Using a mixed methods approach based on relative deprivation theory, we investigated the extent to which nonconsumptive (birders or wildlife viewers), consumptive (hunters or anglers), and multi-recreationists (those who participate in both) in Virginia feel served by the Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources. We found consumptive and multi-recreationists desired greater prioritization for hunters and anglers, while nonconsumptive recreationists desired more prioritization for birders and wildlife viewers. All recreation groups perceived nonconsumptive recreationists as being prioritized least by the agency, relative to other recreationists. Additionally, all recreation groups felt that the agency could better serve their needs by providing more access to current programs and funding relative to their activities (e.g., fishing access for consumptive recreationists and access to the Bird and Wildlife Trail for nonconsumptive recreationists). Notably, all 3 recreation groups felt the agency could serve them by providing more information and access to Wildlife Management Areas. Applying relative deprivation theory to balance the needs of wildlife recreationists has potential to address feelings of inequality among historical and emerging agency constituents, and to foster greater access to and engagement in currently available agency resources and conservation efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.70027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking age and social status of cooperative breeders to vulnerability throughout the harvest season","authors":"Peter F. Rebholz,&nbsp;Sarah B. Bassing,&nbsp;Lisette P. Waits,&nbsp;David E. Ausband","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70024","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jwmg.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Individual behaviors are influenced by environmental, genetic, and demographic factors. Some animals choose to live in groups and cooperatively breed, and their behaviors can change depending on dynamic factors such as group size and composition that affect group persistence. In Idaho, USA, gray wolves (<i>Canis lupus</i>) are harvested annually, providing an opportunity to investigate the effects of harvest and seasonal behaviors on a population of cooperative breeders. These annual hunting and trapping seasons overlap with the dispersal and breeding periods for wolves and we do not know how harvest affects the vulnerability of different sex and age classes during these important biological periods. We applied 9 years (2009–2018) of genetic, age, and harvest data from harvested wolves to investigate how behaviors (dispersal and breeding) and biological drivers might influence the vulnerability of wolves to harvest. We created pedigrees from genotypes of non-invasively collected scats to estimate the expected proportion of the wolf population composed of 3 different age classes (pup, yearling, and sexually mature or ≥2 years old) and compared them to the observed number of each age class harvested during biologically significant periods (i.e., dispersal and breeding). We found that pups were more vulnerable to harvest in December when wolf harvest transitioned largely to trapping (accounts for 66% of harvest), and found evidence that adults were more vulnerable to harvest during their breeding season in January and February. In contrast, we found no difference in the expected versus observed number of wolves ≥2 years old in the harvest during peak dispersal season (December), or in the expected versus observed number of yearlings in the harvest during September and October when pups are mobile and groups of wolves abandon the use of pup-rearing sites. Some age classes were disproportionally harvested during certain periods for specific years, but this was not consistent across all years, suggesting there is more to learn about the vulnerability of different age classes to harvest. We found harvest can disproportionally affect some demographic classes of individuals depending on year, biological period, and harvest type. With wolves continuing to recolonize historical ranges, our approach can benefit managers and future studies with the goal of identifying how interannual harvest affects groups of wolves.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wild Things and Wild Places: Evolution of a Wildlife Biologist By \u0000 Greg K. Yarrow, Tulsa, Oklahoma: Genesis House Publishing. 2024. pp. 216. $12.99 (paperback). ISBN: 979-8-9908442-3-0","authors":"W. Daryl Jones","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70031","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jwmg.70031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}