Journal of Wildlife Management最新文献

{"title":"DNA barcoding for identification of species involved in wildlife strikes at Brazilian airports","authors":"Andre Akira Gonzaga Yoshikawa,&nbsp;Bernardo Perin Cima,&nbsp;Iara Carolini Pinheiro,&nbsp;Isabelle Louise Pimenta-Blight,&nbsp;Fernando Seabra,&nbsp;Carmen Elena Barragán-Ruiz,&nbsp;Dalmo Almeida de Azevedo,&nbsp;Mariana Pires de Campos Telles,&nbsp;Raquel Nascimento Rocha,&nbsp;Karla Andréa Rodrigues dos Santos,&nbsp;Wellington Longuini Repette,&nbsp;José Pedro Francisconi Junior","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70226","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study evaluated the effectiveness of DNA barcoding for identifying species involved in wildlife–aircraft collisions that could not be morphologically identified. Samples were collected at 42 Brazilian civil airports and analyzed in 3 public laboratories using Cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) sequencing. Between 3 April 2023 and 20 February 2026, we analyzed 520 DNA samples, of which 370 (71%) were successfully identified to the species or genus level—encompassing 4 animal classes, 24 orders, and 80 species. Birds accounted for 77% of identified collisions, while bats represented 20%. The most frequently identified species were the southern lapwing (<i>Vanellus chilensis</i>), the eared dove (<i>Zenaida auriculata</i>), and the velvety free-tailed bat (<i>Molossus molossus</i>). Among the 80 distinct species identified, 17 bird species and 15 bat species had not been previously reported in Brazil's wildlife strike records. Rarefaction analysis showed a continuous increase in species richness without reaching an asymptote, indicating that additional sampling may reveal more species involved in wildlife strikes. We did not detect differences in species composition among biomes, although we found strong evidence of within-biome variability. Temporally, strike frequency varied markedly by month but showed no consistent seasonal pattern. Species identification success was comparable to previous large-scale studies (χ² = 1.62, <i>P</i> = 0.45; Cramér's V = 0.03), indicating no substantial methodological effect on identification rates. These findings demonstrate the operational effectiveness of DNA barcoding for wildlife strike identification and provide valuable data to enhance wildlife strike records in Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"90 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.70226","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148534126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mountain Sheep in North America: Biology, Ecology, Conservation, and Management By \u0000 Paul R. Krausman and \u0000 Bill A. Jex, Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. 2026. pp. 479. $70.99 (paperback). ISBN: 9781032855585","authors":"Dylan G. Stewart,&nbsp;Thomas J. Batter,&nbsp;Kaitlyn M. Piecora,&nbsp;Autumn D. Patterson","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70245","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"90 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fire-induced shifts in activity patterns of predators and prey in the Brazilian Pantanal","authors":"Sergio Eduardo Barreto de Aguiar,&nbsp;Grasiela Edith Oliveira de Porfirio,&nbsp;Leonardo França do Nascimento,&nbsp;Josiel de Oliveira Coelho,&nbsp;Mariana Alves Carvalho Queiroz,&nbsp;Geovani Vinco Tonolli,&nbsp;Wener Hugo Arruda Moreno,&nbsp;Diego Francis Passos Viana,&nbsp;Rocío Bardales,&nbsp;Matthew Hyde,&nbsp;Ricardo Daniel Ortiz-Hoyos,&nbsp;Nayara Yoshie Sano,&nbsp;Filipe Martins Santos","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70227","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fire is a major force that can shape mammal activity patterns and predator-prey dynamics. We used camera trap data to investigate changes in temporal activity patterns of felid top predators such as jaguars (<i>Panthera onca</i>), pumas (<i>Puma concolor</i>), and their prey following fire events in the Brazilian Pantanal. Using kernel density estimation, we compared activity patterns between pre-fire (2011–2013) and post-fire (2020–2022) periods for 8 mammal species. We analyzed 3,824 detections (pre-fire = 1,596; post-fire = 2,228) across 6 prey species and 2 predator species. Our analysis revealed that 5 of 6 prey species and both predator species showed statistically significant changes in temporal activity patterns following fire (Watson's <i>U</i>² test, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Most species shifted toward earlier activity, with an average temporal displacement of −1.82 hours for prey species and −1.65 hours for predators. Temporal overlap between predators and prey decreased by an average of 4.8% post-fire, suggesting potential disruption of predator-prey synchronization. Lowland tapir (<i>Tapirus terrestris</i>) was the only species without strong evidence for temporal change (<i>P</i> &gt; 0.05), demonstrating behavioral resilience. In contrast, collared peccary (<i>Dicotyles tajacu</i>) exhibited the most drastic response with a −4.18-hour shift in activity timing. These findings demonstrate fire-induced behavioral plasticity in Neotropical mammals and provide a foundation for targeted conservation strategies, such as securing unburned refugia for sensitive species and timing restoration activities to accommodate altered activity patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"90 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.70227","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information - Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70249","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"90 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.70249","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148533420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating novel attachment methods for tracking devices on terrestrial mammals","authors":"John F. McEvoy,&nbsp;Catherine Ressijac,&nbsp;Rosana N. Moraes,&nbsp;Dolores Reed,&nbsp;Tara Buk,&nbsp;Jared A. Stabach,&nbsp;Peter Leimgruber,&nbsp;Melissa Songer,&nbsp;Katherine Mertes","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70246","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Advances in consumer electronics and the increasing availability of spatially explicit data are driving a revolution in tracking animal movement. Free-ranging avian, terrestrial, and marine species are now tracked at fine spatial and temporal resolutions, revealing useful insights into their ecology. However, miniaturized tracking devices are rarely attached to medium and large terrestrial mammals, with researchers deploying collars on most larger species. We deployed 6 prototype solar-powered, global navigation satellite system (GNSS) tracking devices on 2 endangered large terrestrial mammals—scimitar-horned oryx (<i>Oryx dammah</i>) and Przewalski's horse (<i>Equus ferus przewalski</i>)—with devices attached to horns and tails, respectively. We assessed device performance as well as potential physiological and behavioral effects of these alternative attachments of tracking devices. Novel attachment methods achieved fix success rates of 31–100% (mean = 77%) and spatial accuracy (11–36 m) that compare well with standard collar attachments used on large terrestrial mammals (fix success: 29–100%, mean = 69%; spatial accuracy: 10–40 m). In generalized additive models, the presence of a device did not significantly predict behavioral or physiological stress for either species. Solar panels were able to maintain charge throughout the test period. However, deployment lifespan (mean = 55 days for horses and 26 days for oryx) was ultimately limited by attachment method. While a later modification substantially improved deployment length, attachment durability remains a key area for improvement. We urge ecologists and conservation practitioners to consider the full range of tracking devices and attachment methods available from tracking technology manufacturers, assess whether alternative attachments could achieve scientific or conservation objectives with reduced impacts on study species, and carefully test any tracking device before long-term deployment.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"90 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.70246","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148533773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing detection of short-eared owls in Québec: Habitat quality, seasonal occurrence, and avian proxies","authors":"C. Casabona Amat,&nbsp;M.-H. Hachey,&nbsp;P. Côté,&nbsp;J.-F. Therrien,&nbsp;J. Lemaître","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70238","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The short-eared owl (<i>Asio flammeus</i>) is one of the most widely distributed owl species in the world. However, several indicators suggest a decline in its population globally. In Canada, the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada recently suggested the species be listed as threatened. Despite concerted efforts to gain a deeper understanding of the factors contributing to the decline in short-eared owl populations, there remains a significant dearth of information, particularly concerning its nesting environment. Using data from the Endangered Bird Monitoring Program from 1994 to 2019, we developed a breeding-season habitat quality model to identify the most suitable nesting areas in southern Québec, Canada. We also examined site fidelity at the species level by quantifying the proportion of sites repeatedly occupied across breeding seasons. We further evaluated whether presence during the non-breeding period predicted subsequent breeding-season presence, which could improve detection of short-eared owl during surveys. Finally, we tested for a correlation with several other bird species to act as reliable proxies of short-eared owl presence using freely available citizen-science data. Three covariates (altitude above sea level, proportion agriculture, proportion forest) best explained the probability of the species’ occurrence. We observed low site fidelity, with only 17% of the sites being occupied in multiple years during the breeding season, and differences in short-eared owl habitat use between non-breeding and breeding seasons, emphasizing the importance of understanding inter-seasonal habitat dynamics for effective conservation. Several species have been regularly observed simultaneously with short-eared owls in high-quality habitat such as the clay-colored sparrow (<i>Spizella pallida</i>) and willow flycatcher (<i>Empidonax traillii</i>), but the most indicative species to act as a proxy seems to be the vesper sparrow (<i>Pooecetes gramineus</i>). This species could serve to enhance detection rates for short-eared owls in high-quality breeding habitats during the reproductive season.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"90 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148533633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Habitat selection by stone partridge elucidates the ecological benefits of fire management in an Afro-tropical Sudan savanna","authors":"Nguvan M. Agaigbe,&nbsp;Emmanuel Thompson,&nbsp;Fidelis A. Atuo","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70203","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fire is a key disturbance that drives community dynamics and ecosystem functions. While natural resource managers have increasingly relied on fire as a management tool to conserve biodiversity in fire-prone systems, key gaps remain in our understanding of how fire characteristics drive habitat selection and species persistence in tropical savannas. We evaluated the mechanisms through which fire-created variability mediates habitat selection in a fire-prone Sudan savanna landscape. Using data from adult stone partridges (<i>Ptilachapus petrosus</i>) fitted with radio transmitters and monitored between November 2020 and July 2022, we assessed the role of time since last fire, fire severity, and vegetation characteristics on resource selection by stone partridges at 2 spatial extents. At a broader spatial extent of 20-m × 20-m, partridges appeared to select recently burnt areas up to 2 years after fire, but their selection decreased as fire severity increased. Partridges tended to avoid taller woody vegetation that could serve as perches for aerial predators in favor of shrubs (&lt;1-m tall) with thicket understories that minimized predation risk. At a smaller spatial extent of 2-m × 2-m plots, partridges were inclined to select patches that experienced recent fires with high litter cover, while avoiding patches with increasing grass height or bare ground. Our results highlight the important role of low-severity fires in fine-scale habitat selection by stone partridges in an Afro-tropical savanna. Partridge's selection of low-severity burnt patches suggests an adaptation to fine-scale alterations in savanna vegetation driven by recurrent low-severity fires. This knowledge is beneficial in developing effective management strategies that could benefit native species in Afro-tropical savannas, where fire suppression policies are still enforced.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"90 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148237995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in the body condition of Rocky Mountain Population sandhill cranes during spring and winter","authors":"Rachel A. Vanausdall,&nbsp;Daniel P. Collins,&nbsp;Octavio Guimaraes,&nbsp;Huey Yi Loh,&nbsp;Jonathan W. Moore,&nbsp;Douglas C. Osborne,&nbsp;James H. Gammonley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70222","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Body condition during the spring and winter can have cross-seasonal effects on the reproduction and survival of migratory birds. The quality of resources on wintering and migratory stopover areas can impact nutrient reserves. During spring migration, greater sandhill cranes (<i>Antigone canadensis tabida</i>) in the Rocky Mountain Population rely on resources (e.g., grain, water) in the Middle Rio Grande Valley in New Mexico and the San Luis Valley in Colorado, USA. Our objective was to understand how sandhill crane body condition varies over time and in response to weather and resource availability. We collected sandhill cranes to determine an appropriate body condition index (BCI) for the species in this region and examine temporal trends in lipid and protein content during winter and spring. We then modeled within-year and across-year trends in the BCI of sandhill cranes in New Mexico harvested over a 20-year period (1999–2022) to determine the impact of weather (minimum temperature, drought severity) and habitat (surface water, vegetation, corn area) on BCI. Sandhill cranes increased lipid content throughout spring, with an average increase of 140 g for females and 146 g for males. The BCI that explained the most variation (<i>R</i>² = 0.56) in lipid content was body mass divided by the sum of tarsus length and wing chord. Of hunter-harvested sandhill cranes, BCI peaked in mid-November and again in early January; it increased by 22% between the lowest and highest observed values of normalized difference water index. In contrast, we observed a difference in BCI of only 2% between the lowest and highest observed minimum temperature values. We did not find a significant change in BCI over the 20-year study period, and no other covariates influenced BCI. While surface water and temperature influence body condition of sandhill cranes in this region, resource availability in the San Luis Valley and Middle Rio Grande Valley may be appropriate for meeting their energetic requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"90 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148238116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicted genetic consequences of alternative population control strategies for North American plains bison in Yellowstone National Park","authors":"Shawna J. Zimmerman,&nbsp;Chris Geremia,&nbsp;Sara J. Oyler-McCance","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70207","url":null,"abstract":"<p>North American plains bison (<i>Bison bison bison</i>) in Yellowstone National Park are descendant from a population low of 23 indigenous individuals from the late 1800s, and 21 individuals introduced from outside herds in the early 1900s to strengthen the possibility of recovery. Within the park, the herd has rebounded and now averages around 5,000 animals. The herd is managed as a closed population within the park and adjacent areas in Montana, USA, which involves annual removals of animals to control numbers. We used genetic simulation to first isolate the effects of population size on retention of genetic diversity, and second to predict the genetic consequences of different population control strategies that vary in the number of bison removed annually, and their relatedness, while considering varying degrees of male dominance and environmental catastrophes. We found through simulation of a stable population that a herd size &gt;2,500 had a high probability (&gt;0.9) of retaining genetic diversity at levels compatible with long-term conservation (&gt;90% of the initial genetic variation over 200 years), but a herd of 3,500 or more had a high likelihood (&gt;0.9) of retaining levels of genetic variation (95%) suggested for maintaining evolutionary potential. When simulating the removals based on plausible management strategies available to the National Park Service, we found that maintaining a herd size of 3,500 or more, limiting removals to less than 40% of the population at a time, keeping a balanced sex ratio, and preferentially removing related individuals would likely retain more than 95% of existing genetic variation. With a herd size of 3,500 animals or more, population catastrophes and male dominance only influenced genetic retention in the most extreme cases, such as a catastrophic population decline of over 95%, a prolonged decline from 90% to 10% over 5 years, or extreme male dominance where 1% of males produced all offspring each year.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"90 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.70207","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148238299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating white-tailed deer density in West Virginia, USA, from camera traps and telemetry data","authors":"Sarah M. Pesi,&nbsp;Brett P. Skelly,&nbsp;John Edwards,&nbsp;Christopher W. Ryan,&nbsp;Christopher T. Rota","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70209","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Population density is an important measure when monitoring wildlife populations. Various methods have been used to estimate density, including spatial capture-recapture (SCR) models applied to camera trapping data. Although density estimates from SCR models fit to data from unmarked animals can be considerably imprecise, ancillary data can potentially improve precision of density estimates. We estimated densities of unmarked white-tailed deer (<i>Odocoileus virginianus</i>) populations across 3 study areas in West Virginia, USA. We used SCR methods in a Bayesian framework and incorporated home range data from global positioning system (GPS) collared deer to inform model parameters. Mean population density estimates were 10 deer/km² in the central study area, 9 deer/km² in the eastern study area, and 8 deer/km² in the western study area. Although we do not know the true population density, our estimates are comparable to regional estimates from other studies. Density estimates from SCR models fit to data from unmarked animals are sensitive to model parameters, evidenced by the variation in estimated detection rates (0.28–0.41 detections/day) and home range size (73–98 ha) across our study areas. Although we demonstrate this technique with ancillary GPS data, other forms of ancillary data, including informative prior distributions, can be used to improve precision of density estimates obtained from completely unmarked animal populations. This method could be applied to a wide range of species, provided the appropriate ancillary data are available.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"90 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148238093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}