Journal of Wildlife Management最新文献

{"title":"Issue Information - Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.22605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.22605","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.22605","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring phenology and behavior of polar bears at den emergence using cameras and satellite telemetry","authors":"Louise C. Archer,&nbsp;BJ Kirschhoffer,&nbsp;Jon Aars,&nbsp;Danielle K. James,&nbsp;Katharina M. Miller,&nbsp;Nicholas W. Pilfold,&nbsp;Joanna Sulich,&nbsp;Megan A. Owen","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.22725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.22725","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Maternal denning plays a vital role in the development and survival of highly altricial polar bear cubs by providing protection from external conditions. The denning period remains challenging to study and monitor because polar bear dens are often remote and difficult to access. Denning is typically inferred from satellite telemetry data, yet the accuracy of these measures in capturing important denning behaviors that are relevant to management and monitoring is unclear. We installed cameras at 13 den sites in Svalbard, Norway, over a 6-year period, 9 of which yielded observations of behavior and phenology of polar bears at den emergence, and we compared these observations with denning behavior inferred from telemetry data (location, temperature, and activity levels) from satellite collars worn by denning bears. We next developed Bayesian generalized linear models to accurately predict denning behaviors (i.e., observations from cameras) from collar sensor data. From the camera data, mean date of observed den breakout was 9 March (SD = ±6.5 days, <i>n</i> = 7) and departure from the den site occurred 12.1 days later (±10.1 days, <i>n</i> = 7). Estimates of den breakout date based on joint analysis of collar temperature and activity data indicated breakout occurred on average 0.7 days later (±11.4 days, <i>n</i> = 7) and estimates based on collar temperature thresholds alone indicated breakout occurred 4.0 days later (±6.6 days, <i>n</i> = 7) compared to the camera data. Location data from collars suggested departure occurred on average 3.2 days later (±7.0 days, <i>n</i> = 7) than camera observations. We found that the probability a bear had broken out of the den could be accurately predicted from changes in collar temperature, activity, and ordinal date (e.g., a 1 SD decrease in collar temperature increased the probability of breakout by 18.5 percentage points). Post-den emergence behavior was influenced by external environmental temperature, time of day, and the amount of time since den breakout; bears were more likely to emerge and stay outside longer given warmer temperatures and increasing time since den breakout. Our study highlights the importance of the post-emergence period for cub acclimatization and development and provides new monitoring tools to study polar bear denning behavior, which is increasingly vulnerable to disruption in a rapidly changing Arctic.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.22725","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery and genetics of Mexican wolves: a comment on Clement et al.","authors":"Philip W. Hedrick,&nbsp;Mike Phillips,&nbsp;Carlos Carroll,&nbsp;Robert Lacy,&nbsp;Greta Anderson,&nbsp;Richard Fredrickson,&nbsp;Douglas W. Smith","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery and genetics of Mexican wolves: a reply to Hedrick et al.","authors":"Matthew J. Clement,&nbsp;John K. Oakleaf,&nbsp;James R. Heffelfinger,&nbsp;Colby Gardner,&nbsp;Jim deVos,&nbsp;Esther S. Rubin,&nbsp;Allison R. Greenleaf,&nbsp;Bailey Dilgard,&nbsp;Philip S. Gipson","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70005","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Mexican wolves (&lt;i&gt;Canis lupus baileyi&lt;/i&gt;) are a gray wolf subspecies found in northern Mexico and part of the southwestern United States. The subspecies was once extirpated in the wild and the current population is highly inbred, having descended from just 7 founders (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [USFWS] &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;). Accordingly, the subspecies is federally listed as endangered, and genetic monitoring and management are key components of the current recovery strategy and downlisting recovery criteria (USFWS &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;). In support of this recovery strategy, we recently evaluated inbreeding depression in wild Mexican wolves in Arizona and New Mexico, USA, from 1998 to 2022 (Clement et al. &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;). Our analysis did not detect any statistical association between inbreeding coefficients in a pack, as estimated from the Mexican wolf pedigree, and the number of pups surviving to 9 months (hereafter, recruitment). Hedrick et al. (&lt;span&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;) provided comments on our work, concluding that Mexican wolves “have shown inbreeding depression” and recommending that Mexican wolves hybridize with northern gray wolves (&lt;i&gt;C. l. occidentalis&lt;/i&gt;) to induce genetic rescue. Here, we provide our perspective on inbreeding depression, genetic rescue, and other issues raised by Hedrick et al. (&lt;span&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hedrick et al. (&lt;span&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;) write rather definitively that Mexican wolves “have shown inbreeding depression.” This statement seems to be based on a combination of a prior expectation that low genetic diversity invariably leads to inbreeding depression and some older studies of Mexican wolves, but the current evidence does not support their claim with regard to recruitment in wild Mexican wolves.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mexican wolves are descended from 7 founders, so they are highly inbred, which increases the risk of genetic problems. However, many endangered species have experienced genetic bottlenecks, yet some species, including some wolves, have not experienced inbreeding depression (Crnokrak and Roff &lt;span&gt;1999&lt;/span&gt;, Kalinowski et al. &lt;span&gt;1999&lt;/span&gt;, Brzeski et al. &lt;span&gt;2014&lt;/span&gt;, Gooley et al. &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;, Powell et al. &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;) and some have experienced robust post-bottleneck population growth (Harding et al. &lt;span&gt;2016&lt;/span&gt;). Because inbreeding coefficients do not consider the relative occurrence of deleterious alleles in the founders or standing population, inbreeding alone does not establish inbreeding depression. Hedrick et al. (&lt;span&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;) also point to syndactyly as evidence of inbreeding depression; however, they did not support this assertion with any evidence or citations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;While some early studies reported inbreeding depression in Mexican wolves, our recent paper represents the most current and best available science for wild wolves. For example, Fredrickson and Hedrick (&lt;span&gt;2002&lt;/span&gt;) reported inbreeding depression in the body sizes of captive wolves, but this is a re","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bait trapping of waterfowl increases the environmental contamination of avian influenza virus (AIV)","authors":"Cassandra L. Andrew,&nbsp;Landon McPhee,&nbsp;Kevin S. Kuchinski,&nbsp;Jordan Wight,&nbsp;Ishraq Rahman,&nbsp;Sarah Mansour,&nbsp;Gabrielle Angelo Cortez,&nbsp;Marzieh Kalhor,&nbsp;Ethan Kenmuir,&nbsp;Natalie Prystajecky,&nbsp;Kathryn Hargan,&nbsp;Andrew S. Lang,&nbsp;James O. Leafloor,&nbsp;Catherine Soos,&nbsp;Andrew M. Ramey,&nbsp;Chelsea Himsworth","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.22720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.22720","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5Nx clade 2.3.4.4b has circulated in North America since late 2021, resulting in higher rates of morbidity and mortality in wild birds than observed in this region before. The objective of this study was to determine whether baiting, which is widely conducted in Canada and the United States as part of waterfowl management practices (e.g., duck banding), influences the occurrence of avian influenza virus (AIV) in wetlands. We used a quasi-experimental design, collecting superficial sediment samples (<i>n</i> = 336) and fecal samples (<i>n</i> = 242) from paired baited (treatment) and non-baited (control) sites at 2 wetlands in Saskatchewan, Canada, between August and September 2022. We visited sampling sites 3 times during the sampling period: prior to the commencement of baiting activities (<i>t0</i>), approximately 14 days after <i>t0</i> (<i>t1</i>), and 24 days after <i>t0</i> (<i>t2</i>). We screened samples for AIV using real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) targeting the matrix gene and subjected the PCR-positive samples to next-generation sequencing. We used a mixed-effects logistic regression model to estimate the effect of baiting on the odds of AIV positivity in sediment samples, while controlling for clustering by wetland. At control sites, we did not detect evidence for a difference in the odds of AIV detection in sediment at <i>t1</i> or <i>t2</i> versus <i>t0</i>; however, at baited sites, the odds of AIV detection at <i>t1</i> were 5.43 (95% CI = 1.99, 14.79) times the odds at <i>t0</i> and at <i>t2</i> the odds of AIV detection were 8.73 (95% CI = 3.29, 23.18) times the odds at <i>t0</i>. We detected HPAIV clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 in sediment at 1 treatment site following baiting. There was also a trend towards increased fecal AIV positivity and increased fecal and sediment AIV diversity in baited versus non-baited sites; however, there was insufficient power to determine if these findings were statistically significant. Overall, our results indicate that baiting is associated with localized increases in AIV environmental contamination, with baiting potentially creating concentrated areas of AIV accumulation. As such, wetland baiting activities may pose a risk to wildlife population health through the propagation of AIV in wetlands and the waterfowl using those environments and efforts to replace, refine, or reduce this activity may be warranted depending on local ecosystem contexts and cost-benefit analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.22720","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reviewers for 2024","authors":"Jacqueline L. Frair,&nbsp;Anna C. S. Knipps,&nbsp;Allison S. Cox","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.70001","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;We are honored to thank those that served as reviewers for the &lt;i&gt;Journal of Wildlife Management&lt;/i&gt; in 2024. The time and effort these volunteers provided to the &lt;i&gt;Journal&lt;/i&gt; are critical to its success and to the mission of The Wildlife Society to sustain wildlife populations and habitats through science-based management and conservation. The commitment of these 521 reviewers increases the rigor, stature, and relevance of the &lt;i&gt;Journal&lt;/i&gt;; they are the lifeblood of the review process. We are especially grateful to our colleagues that consistently support the journal by reviewing manuscripts over the years. Among our all-stars are Chad Bishop, Erik Blomberg, Matthew Dyson, Heath Hagy, Michael Schummer, and James Sedinger—each provided ≥8 excellent reviews apiece over the last 5 years. Many thanks to all of you!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;2024 Reviewers for the &lt;i&gt;Journal of Wildlife Management&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aberg, Madeline&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aborn, David&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ackerman, Joshua T.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Adams, Layne&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Addicott, Ethan&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aebischer, Nicholas&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ahlers, Adam&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aikens, Ellen&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Akins, Jocelyn&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Almasieh, Kamran&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Altringer, Levi&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ammerman, Loren&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Andersen, Erik&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anderson, Chuck&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anderson, James&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anderson, Morgan&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Andrew, Cassandra&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anhalt-Depies, Christine&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Apps, Clayton&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Arangüena-Proaño, Maite&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Asa, Cheryl&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Atwood, Todd&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aubin, Gisèle&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bai, Wenke&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Baker, Bridget&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bakner, Dylan&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Baldwin, Jeff&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Barker, Kristin&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Barnes, Kevin&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Barrientos, Rafael&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bechtel, Molly&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Belitz, Michael&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Belsare, Aniruddha&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Benavides-Montaño, Javier Antonio&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bennett, Candace&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bercovitch, Fred&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Berdeen, Jim&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bergman, Eric&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Berigan, Liam&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Berman, David&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bhattacharyya, Sabuj&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Biddlecombe, Brooke&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bischof, Richard&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bishop, Chad&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bissonette, John&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Blackie, Israel&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Blackwell, Kate&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bleich, Vernon&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Blomberg, Erik&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Blouin, Josh&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Blum, Marcus&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bon, Richard&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Boomer, Scott&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Boone, Wesley&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Boudreau, Melanie&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bowman, Jacob&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bowman, Jeff&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Boyd, Rob&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Boyer, Ryan&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Boyer, Thomas&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Boyle, Sean&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Brack, Virgil&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Braunstein, Jessica&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bravo, Carolina&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Breck, Stewart&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Brigham, R. Mark&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Brinkman, Todd&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Brown, William&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bruemmer, Jason&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bruggink, John&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Brunell, Arnold&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Buchalski, Michael&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Buckland, Stephen&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Buderman, Frances&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Burke, Russell&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Butler, Matthew&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cain, Rebecca&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cameron, Alex&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cedeño-Vázquez, José Rogelio&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Charter, Motti&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cheeseman, Amanda&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cheng, Tina&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chester, Rebecca&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chiavacci, Scott&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chitwood, Michael&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chizinski, Christopher&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ćirović, Duško&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ciucci, Paolo&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Clare, John&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Clark, Darren&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Clawson, Michael&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Clendenin, Heather&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cole, Rebecca&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Comeau, Jaclyn&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Comizzoli, Pierre&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Conklin","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.70001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geo-Spatial Analysis of Forest Landscape for Wildlife Management By \u0000 Mrinmay Mandal and \u0000 Nilanjana Das Chatterjee, Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG. 2023. pp. 170. $139.99 (hardcover). ISBN 978-3-031-33606-8","authors":"Angga Puja Asiandu,&nbsp;Widya Sari","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.22729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.22729","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal Imaging for Wildlife Applications By \u0000 Kayleigh Fawcett Williams, London, UK: Pelagic Publishing. 2024. pp. 148. $51.00 (paperback). ISBN 978-1784273873","authors":"Humberto L. Perotto-Baldivieso","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.22730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.22730","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Desert bighorn sheep home range and disease transmission risk responses to temporally dynamic environmental variation","authors":"Grete Wilson-Henjum,&nbsp;Lauren Ricci,&nbsp;David C. Stoner,&nbsp;Kathleen Longshore,&nbsp;Kezia R. Manlove","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.22715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.22715","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pathogens introduced into wildlife populations can cause population declines and pose a threat to conservation. Understanding how pathogens spread through wildlife populations requires information about animal space use across the landscape. The abundance of bighorn sheep (<i>Ovis canadensis</i>) in western North America has declined in response to pathogens introduced concurrently with the expansion of domestic sheep. Wildlife and land management agencies use bighorn sheep seasonal home range models to assess and mitigate pathogen transmission risk among bighorn and domestic sheep populations. Current risk assessment tools assume that seasonal home ranges are annually consistent, but the extent to which deviations from this assumption could render erroneous predictions about pathogen introduction risk has not received extensive attention. To evaluate the influence of temporally variable environmental conditions on pathogen introduction risk, we used locations of desert bighorn sheep (<i>O. c. nelsoni</i>) gathered across 6 populations residing in the Mojave Desert, an environment characterized by high interannual variation in precipitation and forage production. Our objectives were to assess whether seasonal home range sizes varied consistently with temporally varying attributes of the environment and assess the influence of varying environmental attributes on pathogen introduction risk using our model results and the United States Forest Service's Risk of Contact (ROC) tool. Home range sizes varied by sex and season, with higher environmental moisture levels (Palmer drought severity index) associated with larger male home ranges in summer and fall-winter. Higher spatial variation in primary productivity was associated with smaller male home range sizes in summer but with larger male home range sizes in fall-winter. Female home ranges were also smaller when variation in primary productivity was high during spring but had no detectable relation with environmental moisture or spatial variation in productivity during the rest of the year. We combined these results with the ROC tool to simulate the influence of varying environmental attributes on pathogen introduction risk. Those simulations suggested that home range expansions associated with above-average environmental moisture only increased the contact risk between 2 adjacent populations by 0.02%. Consequently, risk forecasts in the Mojave Desert system might be relatively robust to temporally dynamic home range sizes, so long as the environmental attributes driving home range size do not deviate dramatically from historical levels. However, major departures from long-term trends in environmental variation could lead to more dramatic effects on home range size and subsequent risk and should be reassessed if environmental variation changes substantially in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral and demographic response of small Indian mongooses (Urva auropunctata) to experimental population reduction","authors":"Caroline C. Sauvé,&nbsp;Are R. Berentsen,&nbsp;Amy T. Gilbert,&nbsp;Anne Conan,&nbsp;Patrick A. Leighton","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.22724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.22724","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The small Indian mongoose (<i>Urva auropunctata</i>) is a non-native invasive species throughout the Caribbean and the primary terrestrial wildlife rabies reservoir on 4 islands in the region. In the 1970s and 1980s, island-wide attempts to control and eliminate mongoose rabies through culling or poisoning in Cuba and Grenada proved unsuccessful. On some islands, localized population reduction of mongooses is used to mitigate predation on endangered species or to reduce the nuisance and frequency of interactions with humans. However, the short- and medium-term demographic responses of mongooses to local population reduction and the impacts for infectious disease transmission remain unexplored. We conducted an experimental removal of mongooses across a 0.42-km² area of dry forest in St. Kitts. Employing capture-mark-recapture techniques, we quantified the demographic and behavioral responses of mongooses within the study area. We collected individual-level data using an automated radio-telemetry system, monitoring the daily presence of 19 collared mongooses for 7 months before and up to 7 weeks after experimental removals. The mongoose population density rebounded to pre-removal levels within 7 weeks of the removal, primarily because of the influx of reproductively active females. The proportion of juveniles increased from 1–3% before removals to 14% at 7 weeks after removals yet returned to baseline levels at 6 months after removals. The local immigration of mongooses to the site was evident through changes in capture per unit effort, observed as early as the first week after removals. Tagged mongooses that frequented the study area during the pre-removal period increased their daily presence for 5–30 days after removals. Our results indicate that a localized and intensive mongoose removal program targeting a high-density population has short-term but not long-term residual impacts to the population. Further investigation into contact rates among mongooses and space use among resident and immigrating individuals is essential to advance our understanding of the impacts of localized removals on short- and long-term mongoose population disease dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}