Journal of Wildlife Management最新文献

{"title":"Bears in North America: Habitats, hunting, and politics","authors":"Mark S. Boyce,&nbsp;Andrew E. Derocher","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70057","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jwmg.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Populations of all 3 of North America's bear species have increased during the past 50 years, attributable to reduced persecution and improved management. Some actions consistent with the North American Model of Wildlife Conservation can explain these population increases, although conservation practices vary substantially among jurisdictions and species. Most management and conservation of North America's bear species is by state, provincial, or territorial agencies. However, federal engagement has occurred for grizzly bears (<i>Ursus arctos</i>), polar bears (<i>U. maritimus</i>), and some black bear (<i>U. americanus</i>) populations. Harvest has been the primary tool that agencies have used to manage bear populations. Increased focus on managing habitats and mitigating human–bear conflicts will help to ensure the long-term success of bear management in North America.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.70057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing antlered buck selectivity and its impact on deer management: a case study","authors":"Meghan E. Henry,&nbsp;Ben Beardmore,&nbsp;Timothy R. Van Deelen,&nbsp;Robert H. Holsman","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70056","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jwmg.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Motivations and sources of satisfaction associated with deer hunting vary, yet few studies have evaluated how hunters' individual characteristics and field behaviors influence harvest success. For example, emergent societal and technological shifts in hunting may be associated with selective deer harvest choices (e.g., choosing to pass on a harvest opportunity). We surveyed resident white-tailed deer (<i>Odocoileus virginianus</i>) hunters in Wisconsin, USA, and used a mixed-mode and multi-part survey to quantify hunters' expectations, motivations, perceptions, and field behavior during the 9-day firearm season in 2022. We used repeated measures logistic regression to model hunter behavior at the decision point of whether to take a shot at an antlered deer on a given day. Hunters' motivations, scouting effort, trail camera use, perception of deer density, prior harvest of a mature male deer, and prior participation in the archery season influenced this decision. In addition, hunting method, hunting location, and day of hunt influenced hunters' likelihood to take a shot. Our results identified factors influencing a growing practice of more selective deer hunting, which affects the efficacy of recreational hunting for managing white-tailed deer populations relative to social or ecological goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.70056","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information - Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70051","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jwmg.70051","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.70051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144299579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A portable structure for identifying wolverines and Canada lynx using integrated cameras and hair snags","authors":"Kalon C. Baughan,&nbsp;Bret H. Davis,&nbsp;Kristine L. Pilgrim,&nbsp;Anne A. Carlson,&nbsp;Sergio E. Morales,&nbsp;Phillip W. Ramsey,&nbsp;Michael K. Schwartz,&nbsp;Mikaela G. Howie","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70053","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jwmg.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wolverine (<i>Gulo gulo</i>) and Canada lynx (<i>Lynx canadensis</i>), listed as threatened under the United States Endangered Species Act, inhabit remote mountainous terrain across multiple western states. To address challenges associated with collecting long-term occupancy and demographic data for both species, we developed and tested a modified non-invasive camera and hair snag (C&amp;H) monitoring system for simultaneous long-term monitoring of wolverine and Canada lynx (lynx hereafter). We aimed to adapt wolverine monitoring for concurrent use with lynx; redesign the data collection framework and station configuration for portability, affordability, and enhanced data capture; and establish the presence of individual wolverine and lynx through integrated photographic identification and genetic sampling. We validated the system over 5 field seasons by linking photographs to genotypes of individuals and identified reproductive status and sex of individuals across 23 stations spread over a non-contiguous grid covering 1,425 km² in western Montana, USA. We obtained individual genotypes for 13 (9 male, 4 female) of 19 wolverines (12 male, 7 female) and 6 (4 male, 2 female) of 12 lynxes (6 male, 4 female, 2 unknown) identified from unique markings in photographs. We also obtained photographic detections of bobcats (<i>Lynx rufus</i>), red foxes (<i>Vulpes vulpes</i>), and martens (American [<i>Martes americana</i>], Pacific [<i>M. caurina</i>]). The C&amp;H stations offer an efficient, cost-effective, and non-invasive approach for mesocarnivore monitoring in remote mountainous regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.70053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of removal and spatial mark-resight models for estimating wild pig density","authors":"Charles R. Taylor,&nbsp;Kim M. Pepin,&nbsp;Ryan S. Miller,&nbsp;John R. Foster,&nbsp;James C. Beasley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70054","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jwmg.70054","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Density estimation is critical to effectively manage invasive species and elucidate areas of highest concern. For wild pigs (<i>Sus scrofa</i>), the ability to estimate density is complicated because of their variable home range sizes and social structure. Common methods for estimating density (e.g., mark-recapture) may be unsuitable in management applications because additional data needs to be collected before and after management. Removal models offer a suitable alternative to estimate density changes following management and can be applied broadly across areas where management of wild pigs is ongoing. We collected wild pig removal and camera trap data from 25 private properties ranging in size from approximately 0.5 km² to 95 km² across 3 ecoregions in South Carolina, USA, from 2020–2023. We compared factors affecting consistency and precision of property-level density estimates between removal and spatial mark-resight (SMR) models. In general, excluding 1 large outlier, density estimates from removal models were between 0.60 and 15.85 wild pigs/km² (median = 5.34) with a median coefficient of variation (CV) of 0.76 and 95% confidence intervals for the CV between 0.70 and 0.94. Similarly, excluding 1 large outlier, density estimates from SMR were between 0.22 and 30.97 wild pigs/km² (median = 5.48) with a median CV of 0.39 and 95% confidence intervals for the CV between 0.38 and 1.20. We found the precision of removal models was affected primarily by the number of wild pigs dispatched in the removal period (3 months) and the ecoregion in which they were removed. None of the covariates, including the number of recaptures (a corresponding measure of sample size), influenced precision of the SMR models, although recaptures did influence the density estimates. At the individual property level, density estimates from our 2 estimators were dissimilar from each other in approximately 80% of instances, although none of the covariates we examined influenced dissimilarity. Our results provide unique insight into how sample size affects density estimates using 2 common methods and into novel SMR models that incorporate both marked and unmarked detections. In addition, the density estimates in this study can be used as a reference for wild pig densities in common land cover types throughout the southeastern United States.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.70054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Natural History of Bat Foraging: Evolution, Physiology, Ecology, Behavior, and Conservation By Danilo Russo and Brock Fenton (Eds.), London, United Kingdom: Academic Press. 2024. pp. 352. $150.00 (paperback). ISBN 978-0-323-91820-6","authors":"Kylie F. Perez","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70048","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jwmg.70048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating abundance of desert bighorn sheep with double-observer sightability modeling with residual heterogeneity","authors":"Caitlin Q. Ruhl,&nbsp;James W. Cain III,&nbsp;Fitsum Abadi,&nbsp;Jacob D. Hennig","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70050","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jwmg.70050","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Accurate abundance estimates are critical for informed management of wildlife populations. In New Mexico, USA, minimum counts from aerial surveys are the primary basis for management decisions regarding desert bighorn sheep (&lt;i&gt;Ovis canadensis mexicana&lt;/i&gt;); therefore, there is a need to assess methods that account for imperfect detection. Common survey methods for large mammals (i.e., sightability, double-observer, and double-observer sightability models) are known to result in biased estimates, but the presence of radio-collared individuals within a population allows for estimation of residual heterogeneity. Consequently, we explored the use of hybrid double-observer sightability approaches that account for residual heterogeneity when estimating abundance of desert bighorn sheep in the Fra Cristobal Mountains of New Mexico. We collected double-observer sightability data for 167 desert bighorn groups across 3 surveys between December 2016 and November 2017 and compared abundance estimates under 5 modeling methods: a standard sightability model (M&lt;sub&gt;S&lt;/sub&gt;), a standard double-observer sightability model (M&lt;sub&gt;DS&lt;/sub&gt;), a hybrid double-observer sightability model incorporating a recapture-type heterogeneity parameter (M&lt;sub&gt;R&lt;/sub&gt;), a hybrid double-observer sightability model incorporating a mark-type heterogeneity parameter (M&lt;sub&gt;H&lt;/sub&gt;), and a Lincoln-Petersen estimator. Across all model types, group behavior (moving vs. stationary) and group size influenced detection the most, followed by vegetation class, terrain type, and proportion of obscuring vegetation cover. Standard sightability models produced higher and less precise abundance estimates than all double-observer sightability models. Of the double-observer sightability models, M&lt;sub&gt;R&lt;/sub&gt; was better supported and estimated greater abundance than M&lt;sub&gt;H&lt;/sub&gt; and accounted for more bias than M&lt;sub&gt;DS&lt;/sub&gt;. Both M&lt;sub&gt;R&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;H&lt;/sub&gt; yielded greater precision than M&lt;sub&gt;S&lt;/sub&gt;. The M&lt;sub&gt;R&lt;/sub&gt; models produced an average detection probability of &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.72 (SE = 0.02) and abundance estimates of &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mover&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;N&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;mo&gt;^&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mover&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; = 302 (95% CI = 262−385), &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mover&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;N&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;mo&gt;^&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mover&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; = 290 (95% CI = 261−340), and &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting forested rock outcrops using focal range statistics: A case study with green salamanders","authors":"Aidan McCarthy,&nbsp;William E. Peterman","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70046","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jwmg.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rock outcrop specialists include many at-risk species whose conservation requires effectively identifying and mapping outcrops. Canopy cover often obscures rock outcrops, making the mapping and detecting of these features difficult. Improvements in the availability of high-resolution light detection and ranging data (LiDAR) provide opportunities to map outcrops, which has previously been conducted using a slope-based method; however, this method exhibits varying success across different topographies and struggles to locate especially small outcrops. We measured the accuracy of a new method, focal range statistics, and compared it to the slope-based method to detect and map outcrops in southern Ohio, USA, using a 0.75-m digital elevation model (DEM) derived from LiDAR. This method exhibited low error and was notably better at detecting small outcrops compared to the slope-based method. Focal range statistics also mapped 6 times more total outcrop area (243,027 m²) than the slope-based method, and field reconnaissance revealed 17 new localities of green salamander (<i>Aneides aeneus</i>), an outcrop specialist and state-listed species. Applying focal range statistics to more widely available 3-m DEM data detected outcrops with similar accuracy but resulted in mapping 4 times more area of rock outcrops. We recommend additional field testing with 3-m DEM data to assess the accuracy of the topographic data sources with lower resolutions. Our study indicates that the use of focal range statistics can be a valuable tool for the conservation and management of outcrop specialists and offers notable advantages when used in regions with subtle topographic relief and small outcrops.</p>","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Cat's Meow: How Cats Evolved from the Savanna to Your Sofa By Jonathan B. Losos, New York, New York: Viking. 2023. pp. 400. $30.00 (hardback). ISBN: 978-1984878700","authors":"Christopher A. Lepczyk","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70043","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jwmg.70043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Primer on Stable Isotopes in Ecology By M. Francesca Cotrufo and Yamina Pressler, Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. 2023. pp. 128. $50.00 (hardcover). ISBN: 978-0-19-885449-4","authors":"Perry S. Barboza,&nbsp;Andrea G. Huriega,&nbsp;Cecelia J. Giesen","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.70049","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jwmg.70049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wildlife Management","volume":"89 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}