R Michael Furr, Christian E Waugh, Rachel N Good, Christy Ye, Jiadi Li, Christian B Miller, Jackson Cole, Adam Porth
{"title":"Patience and Patience Regulation: Development and Psychometric Evaluation of Complementary Scales with Alternate Forms.","authors":"R Michael Furr, Christian E Waugh, Rachel N Good, Christy Ye, Jiadi Li, Christian B Miller, Jackson Cole, Adam Porth","doi":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2621759","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2621759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many individuals likely struggle with patience on a daily or even hourly basis, but the empirical study of patience as a personality trait is still emerging. Recent theoretical work articulates patience as a trait (i.e., as a tendency to react in a particular way in particular context) and differentiates it from the regulation of patience (i.e., as one pathway toward patient reactions). We present the Patient Reaction (P-React) scale and the Patience Regulation (P-Reg) scale to address conceptual and practical limitations of existing assessments related to those constructs. Across 11 samples with nearly 2,000 unique participants (including student and non-student participants), we found that both scales had strong psychometric properties and produced validity correlations that corresponded strongly with a priori hypotheses based on the recent theoretical accounts of the constructs. Two forms of each scale were developed and are essentially psychometrically identical, facilitating their complementary use and their use in repeated-assessment contexts. We believe that the new scales will help advance research regarding important and commonly experienced constructs that have been surprisingly understudied to date.</p>","PeriodicalId":16707,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality assessment","volume":" ","pages":"715-730"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146125442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruixi Ji, Mingcong Tang, Rodrigo C Vegara, Jieting Zhang, Wenjia Cai, Bassam Khoury
{"title":"Validation of the Interpersonal Mindfulness Questionnaire (IMQ) in a Chinese Context: Preliminary Evidence for Cross-Cultural Measurement Invariance.","authors":"Ruixi Ji, Mingcong Tang, Rodrigo C Vegara, Jieting Zhang, Wenjia Cai, Bassam Khoury","doi":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2628575","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2628575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Interpersonal Mindfulness Questionnaire (IMQ), based on embodiment theory and interpersonal mindfulness, was developed in Canadian populations but had not been examined in Eastern contexts. This study aimed to validate a Chinese version and assess the cross-cultural measurement invariance between the Chinese and Canadian samples. In Study 1, we translated the IMQ into Chinese, examined its factor structure, and assessed internal validity in a sample of Chinese adults (<i>N</i> = 291). In Study 2, we tested the IMQ's reliability and validity in another Chinese sample (<i>N</i> = 380). We then used multi-group confirmatory factor analysis to assess measurement invariance between the Chinese (<i>N</i> = 380) and Canadian (<i>N</i> = 1077) samples. The Chinese IMQ replicated the original four-factor structure, showing acceptable reliability and validity, except for the Mindful Responding factor. Configural and metric invariance were supported. However, the Chinese sample showed lower intercepts on most factors, higher intercepts on Body-Anchored Presence, larger residual variances on most items, and different factor covariances. The Chinese IMQ generally replicated the original four-factor structure with generally acceptable psychometric properties. Nonetheless, limited cross-cultural equivalence was observed in terms of its intercepts, residuals, and factor covariances.</p>","PeriodicalId":16707,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality assessment","volume":" ","pages":"686-696"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146213612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Personality Inventory for ICD-11 (PiCD) Trait Domains: Psychometric Properties and Cutoffs Based on General Population Norms.","authors":"Gunnar Valdemar Grunert, Bo Bach","doi":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2637560","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2637560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ICD-11 classification of Personality Disorder (PD) relies on global severity of personality dysfunction, while up to five trait domains can be specified as individual expressions (i.e. Negative affectivity, Detachment, Dissociality, Disinhibition, and Anankastia). The 60-item Personality inventory for ICD-11 (PiCD) was developed to measure these domains but has not yet been evaluated in Scandinavian context. Using a representative and socio-demographically stratified sample of the Danish adult population (<i>N</i> = 714), this study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the PiCD and to provide normative data for clinical cutoffs and interpretation of scores. Results support a four-factor model, including a bipolar dimension of Disinhibition versus Anankastia, which is consistent with previous studies. The hierarchical structure from one global factor to the four specific factors also revealed a conceptually coherent pattern across all four levels. The PiCD domain scores show acceptable internal consistency and significant associations with psychosocial functioning (particularly for Negative affectivity and Detachment scores). The findings overall support the PiCD's utility in assessing ICD-11 trait domains and highlight the importance of representative normative data for clinical application in Scandinavian contexts. Normative data, tentative-cutoffs, and a scoring-key for a clinical interpretive report are provided to guide clinical interpretation and decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":16707,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality assessment","volume":" ","pages":"640-647"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147486389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Psychometric Evaluation and Refinement of the Level of Personality Functioning Scale-Self Report: Development of the LPFS-SR Short-Forms.","authors":"Seyul Kwak, Jieun Kwon","doi":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2646347","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2646347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The DSM-5 Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) provides a dimensional framework for assessing personality dysfunction, and the Level of Personality Functioning Scale-Self Report (LPFS-SR) is a widely used instrument for evaluating the construct. However, its psychometric properties and practical feasibility remain areas of concern due to its extensive item length and structural misspecification. A sample of 344 participants was recruited to assess the psychometric properties of the LPFS-SR using bifactor modeling and item response theory (IRT) analyses. We replicated general factor loadings from previous studies and identified that items describing milder dysfunctions were misaligned with the latent construct due to lower discrimination parameters. Items with a larger number of words also exhibited lower measurement quality. A stepwise and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) derived two abbreviated item sets. Based on psychometric evaluation, items were selected with optimal factor loadings, discrimination parameters, and balanced severity thresholds. The two finalized short forms demonstrated preserved internal consistency, and their total score correlated highly with the original scale. Convergent and criterion validity indicated significant associations of the short forms with maladaptive personality traits, psychological distress, interpersonal functioning, and mental health treatment history, comparable to the full LPFS-SR.</p>","PeriodicalId":16707,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality assessment","volume":" ","pages":"627-639"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147592745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Silvia Casale, Gordon L Flett, Murray Stainton, Simon Ghinassi
{"title":"Assessing Who Needs to Matter Most: Development, Psychometric Properties, and Correlates of Measures of the Need to Matter, the Importance of Mattering, and Mattering Hypersensitivity.","authors":"Silvia Casale, Gordon L Flett, Murray Stainton, Simon Ghinassi","doi":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2722656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2026.2722656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research and theory on mattering have evolved considerably, and the focus has been on individual differences in levels of feelings of mattering and not mattering to others. This work sought to advance understanding by uniquely examining individual differences in the need to matter and who is most impacted and influenced by feelings of not mattering to others. We introduce measures that assess levels of the need to matter, the personal importance of mattering (i.e., the importance of being important), and mattering hypersensitivity (i.e., vulnerability to feeling hurt when made to feel insignificant). Psychometric analyses confirmed that these measures comprise one factor each, with high internal consistency and adequate convergent validity. Correlational analyses established links between elevated scores and levels of psychological distress and narcissistic personality traits. Most notably, the unmet need to matter predicted unique variance in psychological distress and narcissistic traits beyond the variance attributable to self-esteem, general mattering, anti-mattering and fear of not mattering. Overall, these results attest to the research utility of the proposed measures, and they illustrate the risk to mental health and personal vulnerability of people with an unmet need to matter who have a heightened sensitivity and importance associated with whether they matter to other people.</p>","PeriodicalId":16707,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148865462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhenhui Liu, Yimiao Chen, Jinzhong Zhang, Tonglin Jin, Tena Wuyun
{"title":"Development and Validation of a Dispositional Awe Scale for Mongolians in a Nomadic Cultural Context.","authors":"Zhenhui Liu, Yimiao Chen, Jinzhong Zhang, Tonglin Jin, Tena Wuyun","doi":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2713163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2026.2713163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Awe is a universal emotion, yet its conceptualization and measurement in nomadic cultural contexts remain largely underexplored. To address this gap, we developed and validated the Dispositional Awe Scale for Mongolians (DAS-M) within a nomadic cultural framework from a socio-ecological psychology perspective. Using a mixed-methods approach-including focus group interviews, ethnographic fieldwork, and exploratory/confirmatory factor analyses-we examined the factor structure and psychometric properties of DAS-M. Results demonstrated a first-order five-factor structure comprising 18 items: Deference to Sacred Authority, Divine Guardianship, Bio-reverence, Transcendent Becoming, and Harmonization with Natural Order. DAS-M exhibits sound measurement qualities and satisfactory model fit. The scale captures both the universal core of awe and culturally specific features of nomadic Mongolian culture, thus providing a reliable measurement tool for future research on awe in nomadic contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":16707,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Personality Functioning's Associations with Psychopathology: A Transdiagnostic Examination.","authors":"Helena Towne, Jack Burke, Kasey Stanton","doi":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2713162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2026.2713162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Personality functioning difficulties, which include components of self and interpersonal functioning difficulties, provide an indicator of severity when diagnosing personality disorders using the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders (AMPD). This study used a sample of 271 adults in the United States who completed both self-report surveys and interview measures of psychopathology to identify multimethod symptom associations for personality functioning difficulties, as measured by the Level of Personality Functioning-Brief Form 2.0 (LPFS-BF 2.0). Correlational and regression analyses indicated that personality functioning relates to a range of psychopathology, but especially strongly to internalizing symptoms rated across methods. When examining associations for specific personality functioning dimensions, self-functioning correlated more strongly with internalizing measures (e.g., dysphoric mood), while interpersonal functioning correlated more strongly with externalizing symptoms and trait measures (e.g., interpersonal difficulties). We use these findings to inform discussion of personality functioning assessment within the context of transdiagnostic dimensional frameworks, while also providing ideas for sharpening personality functioning assessment in research and practice going forward.</p>","PeriodicalId":16707,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148673952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryan M Hill, Tyler Hendley, Austin Starkey, Ky Trahan, Raymond P Tucker
{"title":"Development and Preliminary Validation of the Perceived Contribution Scale: Expanding Measurement of the Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide.","authors":"Ryan M Hill, Tyler Hendley, Austin Starkey, Ky Trahan, Raymond P Tucker","doi":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2710604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2026.2710604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent research has argued for the presence of perceived contribution as an aspect of perceived burdensomeness, a factor associated with suicidal ideation. To evaluate the potential role of perceived contribution within the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide, a valid measure of perceived contribution is required. This study describes the development and initial validation of a self-report measure of perceived contribution. Data were drawn from two samples (<i>N</i> = 518 community adults and <i>N</i> = 1,378 college students). Both samples were predominantly assigned female at birth (67.8% and 82.2%, respectively) and non-Hispanic White (63.7% and 55.3%, respectively). Analyses examined item clarity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, measurement invariance, and reliability and validity. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a 13-item, 2-factor solution, with factors representing <i>contribution to family</i> and <i>contribution to community</i>. Confirmatory factor analysis further refined the scale. Configural invariance was found across all demographic subgroups, but support for metric and scalar invariance was limited. Initial support for convergent, discriminant, and criterion validity was found, but support for incremental validity was limited. Additional evaluation of the Perceived Contribution Scale should examine its use among diverse populations. Future research is needed to examine the role of perceived contribution within the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide.</p>","PeriodicalId":16707,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lindsay L Livengood, Matthew T Huss, Jared R Ruchensky
{"title":"Using the Personality Assessment Inventory to Measure Antagonism and Disinhibition Domains: Associations with Psychiatric History and Externalizing Life Events in a Forensic Sample.","authors":"Lindsay L Livengood, Matthew T Huss, Jared R Ruchensky","doi":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2696831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2026.2696831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Alternative Model for Personality Disorder is an emerging personality pathology model that includes dimensional personality impairment and traits. Although there is substantial research on this model, there is limited work on the psychometric properties of the corresponding measures in criminal-legal samples. The purpose of the present study was to validate the Personality Assessment Inventory's Antagonism and Disinhibition domain and facet scores in a sample (<i>n</i> = 141) from routine private practice forensic interviews. A series of correlations were computed to assess the relationship between externalizing behaviors and psychiatric history associated with PAI AMPD scores, including substance use and criminal record. Results were generally in line with expectations. The PAI Irresponsibility facet was positively associated with the number of illegal substances used and the total number of charges. The strength and direction of correlations were consistent across the original Antisocial Features scores and this rescoring approach. These results provide evidence of convergent validity for these scores but indicate they do not offer a statistical advantage in predicting these correlations over the standard PAI Antisocial Features scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":16707,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148405250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparing the Psychometric Characteristics of Two 32-Item Versions of the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems: An Extended Replication Study in English and Dutch.","authors":"Marije Aan Het Rot, Jacqueline Peters","doi":"10.1080/00223891.2026.2696832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2026.2696832","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP) can be used to assess respondents' general interpersonal distress and specific interpersonal style. In addition to a 64-item version, multiple 32-item versions exist. This includes the IIP-32 that is also in the IIP-64 manual and the IIP-Short Circumplex (IIP-SC); both were previously derived from the IIP-64. The psychometric characteristics of the English IIP-SC were previously assessed in an American student sample. The psychometric characteristics of a Dutch IIP-32 were previously assessed in a Flemish student sample. The present study aimed to replicate this work in English-speaking international students, and extend it to Dutch students. Participants were students in an undergraduate Psychology program in the Netherlands who completed the IIP-64, the Borderline Features scale of the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI-BOR), and the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) in English (<i>n</i> = 234) or Dutch (<i>n</i> = 326). IIP-32 and IIP-SC scores were derived from IIP-64 scores. We provide data on the reliability, structural validity, and (using the PAI-BOR and NPI) construct validity of the English and Dutch IIP-SC and IIP-32. Both IIP versions were psychometrically acceptable. We also provide English and Dutch normative data for use in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16707,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148376150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}