Tran Xuan Ngoc Huy, Trang Thi Nguyen, Said Abdi Salad, Ched Nicole Turbela Aguilar, Alisha Wehdnesday Bernardo Reyes, Lauren Togonon Arayan, WonGi Min, Hu Jang Lee, Huynh Tan Hop, Suk Kim
{"title":"Hypertonic Saline Induces Host Protective Immune Responses against <i>Brucella abortus</i> Infection in Mice.","authors":"Tran Xuan Ngoc Huy, Trang Thi Nguyen, Said Abdi Salad, Ched Nicole Turbela Aguilar, Alisha Wehdnesday Bernardo Reyes, Lauren Togonon Arayan, WonGi Min, Hu Jang Lee, Huynh Tan Hop, Suk Kim","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2407.07040","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2407.07040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertonic saline (HTS) resuscitation can enhance immune responses against various pathogens, however, the effect of HTS on brucellosis is yet to be defined. In this study, we found that HTS inhibited <i>Brucella</i> infection in mice by augmenting Th1 immunity. HTS treatment enhanced the serum cytokines production and the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-ĸB) p50 and p65, crucial anti-<i>Brucella</i> effectors in splenocytes. In addition, HTS treatment also inhibited the phosphorylation of MAPK signaling, accompanied by the down-regulation of the autophagy marker LC3B-II. Due to directing an appropriate immune response, HTS treatment substantially decreased bacterial burden in spleen and liver tissues. In summary, corroborating previous studies showing the antimicrobial effects of HTS, our findings indicate that HTS treatment triggers a protective immune response against <i>Brucella</i> infection. Additionally, these results provide promising evidence of the immunomodulatory role of HTS in controlling bacterial infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"34 11","pages":"2192-2200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11637827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142467898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impacts of Senolytic Phytochemicals on Gut Microbiota: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Hee Soo Kim, Chang Hwa Jung","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2408.08032","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2408.08032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is increasing interest in utilizing senolytics to selectively remove senescent cells from intestinal tissues, with the aim of maintaining a healthy gut environment during aging. This strategy underscores the potential of senolytics to enhance gut health by delaying intestinal aging and positively modulating gut microbiota. Certain plant-based phytochemicals have demonstrated promising senolytic effects. Beyond their ability to eliminate senescent cells, these compounds also exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation-key drivers of age-related diseases. By selectively removing senescent cells from the intestine, senolytic phytochemicals contribute to an improved intestinal inflammatory environment and promote the growth of a diverse microbial community. Ultimately, the dietary intake of these senolytic phytochemicals aids in maintaining a healthier intestinal microenvironment by targeting and clearing aged enterocytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"34 11","pages":"2166-2172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11637817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu Rim Lee, Juah Lee, Suhyeon Hong, Soo Youn Lee, Won-Heong Lee, Minseob Koh, In Seop Chang, Sangmin Lee
{"title":"Optimization of Electroporation Conditions for Introducing Heterologous DNA into <i>Rhodobacter sphaeroides</i>.","authors":"Yu Rim Lee, Juah Lee, Suhyeon Hong, Soo Youn Lee, Won-Heong Lee, Minseob Koh, In Seop Chang, Sangmin Lee","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2408.08044","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2408.08044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Rhodobacter sphaeroides</i> is a strain capable of both photoautotrophic and chemoautotrophic growth, with various metabolic pathways that make it highly suitable for converting carbon dioxide into high value-added products. However, its low transformation efficiency has posed challenges for genetic and metabolic engineering of this strain. In this study, we aimed to increase the transformation efficiency of <i>R. sphaeroides</i> by deleting the <i>rshI</i> gene coding for an endogenous DNA restriction enzyme that inhibits. We evaluated the effects of growth conditions for making electrocompetent cells and optimized electroporation parameters to be a cuvette width of 0.1 cm, an electric field strength of 30 kV/cm, a resistance of 200 Ω, and a plasmid DNA amount of 0.5 μg, followed by a 24-h recovery period. As a result, we observed over 7,000 transformants per μg of DNA under the optimized electroporation conditions using the <i>R. sphaeroides</i> <i>ΔrshI</i> strain, which is approximately 10 times higher than that of wild-type <i>R. sphaeroides</i> under standard bacterial electroporation conditions. These findings are expected to enhance the application of <i>R. sphaeroides</i> in various industrial fields in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"34 11","pages":"2347-2352"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11637821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142467899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Understanding Metabolic Pathway Rewiring by Oncogenic Gamma Herpesvirus.","authors":"Un Yung Choi, Seung Hyun Lee","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2407.07039","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2407.07039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gamma herpesviruses, including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), are key contributors to the development of various cancers through their ability to manipulate host cellular pathways. This review explores the intricate ways these viruses rewire host metabolic pathways to sustain viral persistence and promote tumorigenesis. We look into how EBV and KSHV induce glycolytic reprogramming, alter mitochondrial function, and remodel nucleotide and amino acid metabolism, highlighting the crucial role of lipid metabolism in these oncogenic processes. By understanding these metabolic alterations, which confer proliferative and survival advantages to the virus-infected cells, we can identify potential therapeutic targets and develop innovative treatment strategies for gamma herpesvirus-associated malignancies. Ultimately, this review underscores the critical role of metabolic reprogramming in gamma herpesvirus oncogenesis and its implications for precision medicine in combating virus-driven cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"34 11","pages":"2143-2152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11637867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142467900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SungJun Park, Cheonghoon Lee, Sung Jae Jang, Kyuseon Cho, Jin Hwi Kim, Woon-Ki Kim, Joo-Hyon Kang, Kwon-Sam Park, GwangPyo Ko
{"title":"Distributions of Fecal Indicators at Aquaculture Areas in a Bay of Republic of Korea.","authors":"SungJun Park, Cheonghoon Lee, Sung Jae Jang, Kyuseon Cho, Jin Hwi Kim, Woon-Ki Kim, Joo-Hyon Kang, Kwon-Sam Park, GwangPyo Ko","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2406.06001","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2406.06001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aquaculture products, such as clams, scallops, and oysters, are major vectors of fecal-derived pathogens. Male-specific and somatic coliphages are strongly correlated with human noroviruses, the major enteric viruses worldwide. Geographic information system with local land-use patterns can also provide valuable information for tracking sources of fecal-derived pathogens. We examined distributions of four fecal indicator microorganisms, <i>i.e.</i>, male-specific and somatic coliphage, total coliform, and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) in three river and seawater sampling sites located on the coast of Gomso Bay in the Republic of Korea during the sampling period (from March 2015 to January 2016). Geospatial analyses of fecal indicators and correlations between environmental parameters and fecal indicators or among fecal indicators were also performed. Overall, river water samples showed highest concentrations of both types of coliphage in summer (July 2015). High concentrations of both total coliform and <i>E. coli</i> were detected in river water during the period from July to September 2015. High concentrations of all fecal indicators were found at site GL02, located in the innermost part of Gomso Bay, which has high-density agriculture and residential areas. Environmental factors related to precipitation-cumulative precipitation on and from 3 days before the sampling day (Prep-0 and Prep-3, respectively)-and salinity were strongly correlated with the concentrations of all fecal indicators. The present results suggest that investigations of multiple fecal indicators with systemic geospatial information are necessary for precisely tracking fecal contaminations of aquaculture products.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"34 12","pages":"2223-2230"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11637822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142522114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chan-Hyeok Park, Haneol Yang, Seunghyun Kim, Chan-Seok Yun, Byung-Chun Jang, Yeong-Jin Hong, Doo-Sang Park
{"title":"Comparison of Plasmid Curing Efficiency across Five Lactic Acid Bacterial Species.","authors":"Chan-Hyeok Park, Haneol Yang, Seunghyun Kim, Chan-Seok Yun, Byung-Chun Jang, Yeong-Jin Hong, Doo-Sang Park","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2406.06003","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2406.06003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the recent stringent criteria for antibiotic susceptibility in probiotics, the presence of antibiotic resistance genes and plasmids associated with their transfer has become a limiting factor in the approval of probiotics. The need to remove genes related to antibiotic resistance and virulence through plasmid curing for the authorization of probiotics is increasing. In this study, we investigated the curing efficiency of ethidium bromide, acridine orange, and novobiocin at different concentrations and durations in five strains of plasmid-bearing lactic acid bacteria and examined the curing characteristics in each strain. <i>Limosibacillus reuteri</i> and <i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</i> exhibited curing efficiencies ranging from 5% to 44% following treatment with ethidium bromide (10-50 μg/ml) for 24-72 h, while <i>Lactobacillus gasseri</i> showed the highest efficiency at 14% following treatment with 10 μg/ml novobiocin for 24 h. <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i>, which harbors two or more plasmids, demonstrated curing efficiencies ranging from 1% to 8% after an additional 72-h treatment of partially cured strains with 10 μg/ml novobiocin. Plasmid curing in strains with larger plasmids exhibited lower efficiencies and required longer durations. In strains harboring two or more plasmids, a relatively low curing efficiency with a single treatment and a high frequency of false positives, wherein recovery occurred after curing, were observed. Although certain strains exhibited altered susceptibilities to specific antibiotics after curing, these outcomes could not be attributed to the loss of antibiotic resistance genes. Furthermore, the genomic data from the cured strains revealed minimal changes throughout the genome that did not lead to gene mutations.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"34 11","pages":"2385-2395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11637826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142467896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Novel gnd_v2 Fusion Tag and Engineered TEV Protease Enable Efficient Production of Brazzein.","authors":"Yu Wang, Jiayao Zheng, Fan Wen, Bowen Tu, Lun Cui","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2407.07047","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2407.07047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Protein solubility and purification challenges often hinder the large-scale production of valuable proteins like brazzein, a potent sweet protein with significant health benefits and commercial potential. This study introduces two novel tools to overcome protein expression and purification bottlenecks: a gnd_v2 fusion tag and an engineered Tobacco Etch Virus (TEV) protease. The gnd_v2 tag, derived from 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, was engineered to improve the soluble expression of brazzein. This tag increased brazzein's solubility by four times compared to the wild-type gnd tag, marking a significant advancement in efficient brazzein production. To address the challenge of cleaving the fusion tag, we engineered a TEV protease variant with high efficiency, particularly at the glutamine residue at brazzein's P1' site - a known difficulty for wild-type TEV proteases. We achieved streamlined production of pure, functional brazzein by integrating this tailored protease cleavage with an ultrafiltration-based purification protocol. Notably, the purified brazzein demonstrated a sweetness potency approximately 2500 times that of sucrose, highlighting its potential as a high-intensity natural sweetener. While this study focused on brazzein, the gnd_v2 tag shows promise for enhancing the solubility of other challenging proteins. More broadly, this work presents a versatile toolset for the scalable production of diverse functional proteins, with significant implications for industrial applications in food and pharmaceutical domains.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"34 11","pages":"2310-2320"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11637865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xuzhi Mo, Feng Ji, Jianguang Chen, Chengcheng Yi, Fang Wang
{"title":"Impact of Mitophagy-Related Genes on the Diagnosis and Development of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Single-Cell RNA-seq Analysis and Machine Learning Algorithms.","authors":"Xuzhi Mo, Feng Ji, Jianguang Chen, Chengcheng Yi, Fang Wang","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2407.07052","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2407.07052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), which is common and fatal, mitophagy is a conserved cellular mechanism that selectively removes damaged mitochondria and is crucial for cellular homeostasis. While tumor development and resistance to anticancer therapies are related to ESCC, their role in ESCC remains unclear. Here, we investigated the relationship between mitophagy-related genes (MRGs) and ESCC to provide novel insights into the role of mitophagy in ESCC prognosis and diagnosis prediction. First, we identified MRGs from the GeneCards database and examined them at both the single-cell and transcriptome levels. Key genes were selected and a prognostic model was constructed using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis. External validation was performed using the GSE53624 dataset and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to identify <i>PYCARD</i> as a gene significantly associated with survival in ESCC. We then examined the effect of PYCARD on ESCC cell proliferation and migration and identified 169 MRGs at the single-cell and transcriptome levels, as well as the high-risk groups associated with cancer-related pathways. Thirteen key genes were selected for model construction via multiple machine learning algorithms. PYCARD, which is upregulated in patients with ESCC, was negatively correlated with prognosis and its knockdown inhibited ESCC cell proliferation and migration. Our ESCC prediction model based on mitophagy-related genes demonstrated promising results and provides more options for the management and clinical treatment of ESCC patients. Moreover, targeting or regulating PYCARD levels might offer new therapeutic strategies for ESCC patients in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"34 11","pages":"2362-2375"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11637838/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142348416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hye-Won Lee, Yu-Rim Lee, Kyung-Min Park, Na-Kyoung Lee, Hyun-Dong Paik
{"title":"Antimelanogenic and Antioxidant Effects of Postbioics of <i>Lactobacillus</i> Strains in α-MSH-Induced B16F10 Melanoma Cells via CREB/MITF and MAPKs Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Hye-Won Lee, Yu-Rim Lee, Kyung-Min Park, Na-Kyoung Lee, Hyun-Dong Paik","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2408.08015","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2408.08015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abnormal melanin synthesis can lead to severe skin problems. This study investigated the anti-melanogenic effects on α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced B16F10 cells using cell-free supernatants of <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> WB326 and <i>Levilactobacillus brevis</i> WB2810. Samples were prepared using 1 mg/ml freeze-dried culture supernatant. Cell viability was assessed using B16F10 cells and MTT assay. Tyrosinase inhibition and melanin content decreased in the samples compared to those treated with α-MSH. This effect was also observed when L-DOPA staining was used under a microscope. Moreover, the mRNA expression levels of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1, and TRP-2 decreased in the sample-treated group. Protein expression of the CREB/MITF/MAPK signaling pathway was also reduced. Using HPLC analysis, lactic and acetic acids were detected in the culture supernatants. Finally, the antioxidant effects of the samples were confirmed by comparison with those of Trolox and arbutin. According to the experimental results, their utilization is possible in the fields of functional materials and cosmetic ingredients.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"34 11","pages":"2279-2289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11637832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142522095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyun-Myung Oh, Ji Hyen Lee, Ahyoung Choi, Sung-Hyun Yang, Gyung-Hoon Shin, Sung Gyun Kang, Jang-Cheon Cho, Hak Jun Kim, Kae-Kyoung Kwon
{"title":"Effect of Light Regime on <i>Candidatus</i> Puniceispirillum marinum IMCC1322 in Nutrient-Replete Conditions.","authors":"Hyun-Myung Oh, Ji Hyen Lee, Ahyoung Choi, Sung-Hyun Yang, Gyung-Hoon Shin, Sung Gyun Kang, Jang-Cheon Cho, Hak Jun Kim, Kae-Kyoung Kwon","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2410.10034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.2410.10034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies showed no improvement in bacterial biomass for <i>Candidatus</i> Puniceispirillum marinum IMCC1322 under light regimes. Nevertheless, in nutrient-replete cultures with higher inoculating cell densities, strain IMCC1322 exhibited proteorhodopsin photoheterotrophy. Increasing both inoculum size and the amino acid pool can eliminate quorum sensing and starvation responses in strain IMCC1322. Light regimes affected IMCC1322 cultures in stationary/death phases, where cellular ATP levels ranged from 0.0331 to 1.74 mM, with ATP/cell ranging from 13.9 to 367 zeptomoles. In nutrient-depleted conditions, strain IMCC1322 may suffer from excessive protons generated by proteorhodopsin under light conditions. IMCC1322 may tolerate excessive periplasmic protons through ATP-dependent proton pumping and protonation of augmented amino acids. Meanwhile, acid stress could also be mitigated by refining membrane permeability through unsaturation and cyclopropanation of phospholipids. Oceanic bacteria such as IMCC1322 and SAR11 preferred anaplerotic TCA cycles over glycolysis and rely on the Entner-Doudoroff (ED) pathway for growth. Although ATP generation is less efficient in the ED pathway, it offers advantages during rapid growth owing to its strong thermodynamic driving force. The metabolism of IMCC1322 favors gluconeogenesis over glycolysis, aligning with the metabolism of SAR11 reported in previous studies. However, the additional light-driven, PR-dependent ATP synthesis in IMCC1322 is expected to be insufficient to support protein turnover after the log phase, as well as in nutrient-limited conditions. Stable isotope measurements showed no significant differences in the inorganic carbon assimilation between constant light and constant dark cultures in late log phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e2410034"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}