Journal of microbiology and biotechnology最新文献_第5页

Analysis of Fatty Acid Compositions and Acid Values of Krill Oil Supplementary Products from the Korean Market. 韩国市场磷虾油补充剂产品的脂肪酸组成和酸值分析。

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-10-28 Epub Date: 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2406.06026

Ji Yun Lee, Jun-Bae Hong, Bo-Kyung Kim, Seong Bo Shim, Hae Won Jang, Jung-Bin Lee

{"title":"Analysis of Fatty Acid Compositions and Acid Values of Krill Oil Supplementary Products from the Korean Market.","authors":"Ji Yun Lee, Jun-Bae Hong, Bo-Kyung Kim, Seong Bo Shim, Hae Won Jang, Jung-Bin Lee","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2406.06026","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2406.06026","url":null,"abstract":"In order to provide the qualitative data for the 20 commercially available krill oil supplementary products, the levels of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), fatty acid compositions, and chemical indices, including acid values, of the supplements, were determined. The acid values ranged from 7.4 to 43.7 mg of potassium hydroxide (KOH)/ g of oil. The relative percentages of EPA and DHA in the oils ranged from 14.2 to 34.8 % (w/w). Although all 20 krill oil supplements used 100% krill oil as raw material, the fatty acid composition of 4 samples differed from typical krill oil in terms of the content of myristic acid (C14:0), palmitic acid (C16:0), palmitoleic acid (C16:1), linoleic acid (C18:2, n-6), and eicosenoic acid (C20:1, n-9). Accordingly, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety recently standardized linoleic acid (3% or less) and myristic acid (5-13%) as part of the fatty acid components of krill oil. This study provides a reference for analyzing the chemical and nutritional properties and evaluating the adulteration of krill oil supplements in the Korean market.","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"34 10","pages":"1988-1994"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Genomic Analyses of E. coli ST2178 Strains Originated from Wild Birds in Pakistan. 巴基斯坦野生鸟类大肠杆菌 ST2178 菌株基因组比较分析

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-10-28 Epub Date: 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2407.07026

Jung Hun Lee, Abdul Rauf Tareen, Nam-Hoon Kim, Chanyeong Jeong, Byeonghyeon Kang, Gwangje Lee, Dae-Wi Kim, Rabaab Zahra, Sang Hee Lee

{"title":"Comparative Genomic Analyses of E. coli ST2178 Strains Originated from Wild Birds in Pakistan.","authors":"Jung Hun Lee, Abdul Rauf Tareen, Nam-Hoon Kim, Chanyeong Jeong, Byeonghyeon Kang, Gwangje Lee, Dae-Wi Kim, Rabaab Zahra, Sang Hee Lee","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2407.07026","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2407.07026","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistance (MDR) pathogenic Escherichia coli due to horizontal gene transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence factors (VFs) is a global health concern, particularly in developing countries. While numerous studies have focused on major sequence types (STs), the implication of minor STs in ARG dissemination and their pathogenicity remains crucial. In this study, two E. coli strains (PEC1011 and PEC1012) were isolated from wild bird feces in Pakistan and identified as ST2178 based on their complete genome sequences. To understand this minor ST, 204 genome assemblies of ST2178 were comparatively analyzed with the isolates' genomes. The phylogenetic analyses revealed five subclades of ST2178. Subclade E strains were predominantly isolated from human specimens, whereas subclades A and B strains including strains PEC1011 and PEC1012, respectively, were frequently isolated from animal. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) exhibited the positive correlation with ARGs but not with VFs in this ST. Plasmid-borne ARGs exhibited higher correlation with plasmid-borne MGEs, indicating the role of diverse mobile plasmid structures in ARG transmission. Subclade E exhibited diverse plasmid-borne ARG repertoires correlated with MGEs, marking it as a critical surveillance target. In the case of VFs, they exhibited phylogeny-dependent profiles. Strain PEC1012 harbored various plasmid-borne ARGs, which are similar with conserved ARG repertoires in subclade A. The presence of unique ARG insertion in pPEC1012 highlights the importance of subclade A in ARG dissemination. This study comprehensively elucidates the landscape of ST2178, identifying critical phylogenetic subclades and their characteristics in ARG and VF occurrence.","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"34 10","pages":"2041-2048"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synthetic Biology-Driven Microbial Therapeutics for Disease Treatment. 合成生物学驱动的疾病治疗微生物疗法。

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-10-28 Epub Date: 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2407.07004

Tae Hyun Kim, Byung Kwan Cho, Dae-Hee Lee

{"title":"Synthetic Biology-Driven Microbial Therapeutics for Disease Treatment.","authors":"Tae Hyun Kim, Byung Kwan Cho, Dae-Hee Lee","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2407.07004","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2407.07004","url":null,"abstract":"The human microbiome, consisting of microorganisms that coexist symbiotically with the body, impacts health from birth. Alterations in gut microbiota driven by factors such as diet and medication can contribute to diseases beyond the gut. Synthetic biology has paved the way for engineered microbial therapeutics, presenting promising treatments for a variety of conditions. Using genetically encoded biosensors and dynamic regulatory tools, engineered microbes can produce and deliver therapeutic agents, detect biomarkers, and manage diseases. This review organizes engineered microbial therapeutics by disease type, emphasizing innovative strategies and recent advancements. The scope of diseases includes gastrointestinal disorders, cancers, metabolic diseases, infections, and other ailments. Synthetic biology facilitates precise targeting and regulation, improving the efficacy and safety of these therapies. With promising results in animal models, engineered microbial therapeutics provide a novel alternative to traditional treatments, heralding a transformative era in diagnostics and treatment for numerous diseases.","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"34 10","pages":"1947-1958"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Screening of Antagonistic Bacteria against Three Aquatic Pathogens and Characterization of Lipopeptides in Bacillus cereus BA09. 筛选针对三种水生病原体的拮抗细菌并确定蜡样芽孢杆菌 BA09 中脂肽的特性。

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-10-28 Epub Date: 2024-08-25 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2404.04017

Xinran Shi, Weijia Zhou, Xiaocen Lu, Cuiyan Cao, Dong Sheng, Xu Ren, Nanlin Jin, Yu Zhang, Zhixin Guo, Shengnan Cao, Shigen Ye

{"title":"Screening of Antagonistic Bacteria against Three Aquatic Pathogens and Characterization of Lipopeptides in Bacillus cereus BA09.","authors":"Xinran Shi, Weijia Zhou, Xiaocen Lu, Cuiyan Cao, Dong Sheng, Xu Ren, Nanlin Jin, Yu Zhang, Zhixin Guo, Shengnan Cao, Shigen Ye","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2404.04017","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2404.04017","url":null,"abstract":"Screening for antagonistic bacteria on aquatic pathogens and identification of antagonistic ingredients are essential to reduce the use of chemicals in aquaculture. In this study, strain BA09, subsequently identified as Bacillus cereus, simultaneously displayed strong antagonistic effects on Edwardsiella tarda, Vibrio harveyi, and Streptococcus anisopliae in the initial screening and rescreening. In addition, the methanol extract of BA09 was subjected to antibacterial activity verification and one-dimensional (1D) reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) preparation. A total of 27 fractions were collected, 6 of which were subjected to two-dimensional (2D) RPLC separation and tracked as antibacterial. A total of 14 lipopeptides that included 9 fengycin homologs, 3 bacillomycin homologs, and 2 surfactin homologs were identified by tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry. Through characterization of the antibacterial substance in Bacillus cereus BA09, which simultaneously inhibited E. tarda, V. harveyi, and S. agalactiae, the current study provides a theoretical basis for the development of antibacterial drugs in aquaculture.","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"34 10","pages":"2023-2032"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inhibitory Activity of Sparassis latifolia on the Lipid Accumulation through Suppressing Adipogenesis and Activating Lipolysis in 3T3-L1 Cells. Sparassis latifolia 通过抑制 3T3-L1 细胞脂肪生成和激活脂肪分解抑制脂肪积累的活性

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-10-28 Epub Date: 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2404.04037

Jeong Won Choi, Hyeok Jin Choi, Rhim Ryoo, Youngki Park, Kyoung Tae Lee, Jin Boo Jeong

{"title":"Inhibitory Activity of Sparassis latifolia on the Lipid Accumulation through Suppressing Adipogenesis and Activating Lipolysis in 3T3-L1 Cells.","authors":"Jeong Won Choi, Hyeok Jin Choi, Rhim Ryoo, Youngki Park, Kyoung Tae Lee, Jin Boo Jeong","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2404.04037","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2404.04037","url":null,"abstract":"Sparassis latifolia (SL) has been reported to exhibit anti-obesity effects in high-fat diet animal models, yet research into its mechanisms of action remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms behind the anti-obesity activity of SL's 30% ethanol extract (SL30E) using 3T3-L1 cells in an in vitro setting. SL30E effectively mitigated the accumulation of lipid droplets and triacylglycerol. SL30E downregulated PPARγ and CEBPα protein levels. The diminishment of PPARγ and C/EBPα, facilitated by SL30E, was impeded by the knockdown of β-catenin using β-catenin-specific siRNA. Furthermore, SL30E was observed to increase the protein levels of ATGL and p-HSL, while it concurrently decreased the protein levels of perilipin-1. SL30E downregulated p62/SQSTM1 protein level and upregulated LC3-II protein level. Moreover, SL30E was demonstrated to elevate the protein levels of p-AMPK and PGC-1α. The results indicate that SL30E inhibits lipid accumulation by suppressing adipogenesis and inducing lipolysis, lipophagy, and thermogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. These observations provide potential insights into the mechanisms underlying the anti-obesity effects of SL, contributing valuable information to the existing body of knowledge.","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"34 10","pages":"2070-2078"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142108327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Protective Effects of Codium fragile Extract against Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury. 脆弱钠提取物对对乙酰氨基酚引起的肝损伤的保护作用

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2409.09061

Yea-Lim Lee, Ji-Yun Lee, Joo-Woong Park, Jin Ree, Hyun-Hoo Lee, Dae-Hee Lee

{"title":"Protective Effects of Codium fragile Extract against Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury.","authors":"Yea-Lim Lee, Ji-Yun Lee, Joo-Woong Park, Jin Ree, Hyun-Hoo Lee, Dae-Hee Lee","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2409.09061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.2409.09061","url":null,"abstract":"Acetaminophen (APAP) is a well-known analgesic used globally. Generally, APAP has been proven to be safe and effective at therapeutic doses; however, it can cause serious liver damage when administered at high levels. We prepared Codium fragile extract (CFE) using the seaweed C. fragile and confirmed that the CFE contains a substance called Loliolide with antioxidant activity. We performed the present study to determine whether CFE protects HEPG2 cells and BALB/c mice from oxidative stress-induced liver damage. We confirmed that CFE and Loliolide were non-cytotoxic and protected against liver damage by reducing the activities of ALT and AST, which were increased by APAP treatment, and that CFE reduced the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 and inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK and p38 in HEPG2 cells as determined by RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. Furthermore, the TNF-α and IL-6 levels, which were increased after APAP treatment in BALB/c mice, decreased after CFE treatment. Therefore, we demonstrated that CFE exerts a protective effect against APAP-induced liver injury by suppressing the inflammatory response through anti-inflammatory activity. Our findings provide new perspectives for developing functional foods that utilize seaweeds to improve liver function.","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"34 12","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Kimchi-Derived Lactic Acid Bacteria on Reducing Biological Hazards in Kimchi. 泡菜衍生乳酸菌对减少泡菜中生物危害的影响

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2408.08016

Yeonsoo Shim, Jae Yong Lee, Jihye Jung

{"title":"Effects of Kimchi-Derived Lactic Acid Bacteria on Reducing Biological Hazards in Kimchi.","authors":"Yeonsoo Shim, Jae Yong Lee, Jihye Jung","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2408.08016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.2408.08016","url":null,"abstract":"This study was performed to investigate the use of plant-based lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to reduce microbiological hazards in kimchi. Cell-free supernatants (CFS) from four LAB strains isolated from kimchi were tested for antimicrobial activity against five foodborne pathogens and two soft-rot pathogens. Each CFS showed antimicrobial activity against both foodborne and soft-rot pathogens. Washing salted kimchi cabbages inoculated with B. cereus with 5% CFS inhibited B. cereus to a greater extent than NaClO. The CFS from WiKim 83 and WiKim 87 exhibits inhibition rates of 25.09% and 24.21%, respectively, compared to the 19.19% rate of NaClO. Additionally, the CFS from WiKim 116 and WiKim 117 showed inhibition rates of 18.74% and 20.03%, respectively. Direct treatment of kimchi cabbage with soft-rot pathogens and CFS for five days inhibited the pathogens with similar efficacy to that of NaClO. To elucidate the antimicrobial activity mechanisms, pH neutralization, heat treatment, and organic acid analyses were performed. pH neutralization reduced the antimicrobial activity, whereas heat treatment did not, indicating that lactic, acetic, citric, and phenyllactic acids contribute to the thermal stability and antimicrobial properties of CFS. This study suggests that the four kimchi-derived LAB, which maintain a low pH through organic acid production, could be viable food preservatives capable of reducing biological hazards in kimchi.","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"34 12","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142522115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Icariside II Preparation from Icariin Separated from Epimedium Herbal Extract Powder by a Special Icariin Glycosidase. 用一种特殊的淫羊藿苷糖苷酶从淫羊藿草药提取物粉末中分离出淫羊藿苷制备淫羊藿苷 II。

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2408.08046

Xinyu Liu, Siyu Xu, Chunying Liu, Zhenghao Wang, Bo Wu, Meijuan Guo, Changkai Sun, Hongshan Yu

{"title":"Icariside II Preparation from Icariin Separated from Epimedium Herbal Extract Powder by a Special Icariin Glycosidase.","authors":"Xinyu Liu, Siyu Xu, Chunying Liu, Zhenghao Wang, Bo Wu, Meijuan Guo, Changkai Sun, Hongshan Yu","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2408.08046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.2408.08046","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, icariside II was prepared from icariin by a special enzyme. The yield of the substrate icariin from a powdered extract of the popular herb Epimedium was 16.9%. The enzyme, which was produced from Aspergillus sp.y48 fermentation, hydrolyzes icariin to icariside II and was characterized. The molecular weight was 75 kDa, while the optimum temperature and pH were 45oC and 5.0. The purified enzyme hydrolyzed the 7-O-glucoside of icariin or epimedin A, B, and C to icariside II, or sagittatoside A, B, and C, respectively, and further hydrolyzed the terminal 3-Oxyloside of sagittatoside B to icariside II. The enzyme is a special icariin glycosidase that hydrolyzed icariin to icariside II at low cost. Based on the crude enzyme's reaction dynamics, the optimal conditions for icariside II preparation showed that 2% icariin reacted at 45oC for 6 to 9 h. Here, we obtained 13.3 g icariside II and 0.45 g of the by-product icaritin from 20 g icariin. The icariside II molar yield was 87.4%, the by-product icaritin yield was 4.1%, and the total molar yield was 91.5%. Therefore, icariside II was resoundingly prepared from an icariin glycosidase of an Epimedium extract using a non-GMO, crude enzyme from Aspergillus sp.y48. The obtained icariside II and the byproduct icaritin can be directly applied in the production of cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"34 12","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ammonia Exposure-Induced Immunological Damage in Chicken Lymphoid Organs via TLR-7/MYD88/NF-κB Signaling Pathway and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. 氨暴露通过 TLR-7/MYD88/NF-κB 信号通路和 NLRP3 炎症小体激活诱导鸡淋巴器官的免疫损伤

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2407.07025

Mujeeb Ur Rahman, Muhammad Wajid Ullah, Sehrish Manan, Hazrat Bilal, Thamer Alomayri, Mohamed F Awad, Said Nawab, Zahoor, Daochen Zhu

{"title":"Ammonia Exposure-Induced Immunological Damage in Chicken Lymphoid Organs via TLR-7/MYD88/NF-κB Signaling Pathway and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation.","authors":"Mujeeb Ur Rahman, Muhammad Wajid Ullah, Sehrish Manan, Hazrat Bilal, Thamer Alomayri, Mohamed F Awad, Said Nawab, Zahoor, Daochen Zhu","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2407.07025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.2407.07025","url":null,"abstract":"Ammonia (NH3) is a hazardous gas that pollutes the environment and causes irritation. Its harmful effects on chickens, including its impact on their immune system, have previously been observed. However, the mechanism by which NH3 exposure causes immune system disorders in chickens remains unclear. The bursa of Fabricius (BF) and thymus are the two main lymphoid organs responsible for the proliferation, differentiation, and selection of B- and T-lymphocytes, both critical for the innate immune response of the host. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of NH3-induced immune dysregulation in broiler chickens. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed swollen mitochondria and breakage of the large crista lining, membrane deformation, chromatin condensation, increased vacuolation, and blood vessel spasms in the NH3-exposed BF and thymus tissues. Immunofluorescent analysis showed clustering of CD4+ and CD8+ cells, indicating an active immune response to NH3 exposure. Furthermore, NH3 exposure enhanced the mRNA expressions of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR-7), myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MYD88), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), along with their proteins, and led to activation of the TLR-7/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome in chicken thymus tissues. Both mRNA and protein levels of key inflammation-related genes and proteins were upregulated in the NH3-treated group, highlighting a robust inflammatory response due to NH3 exposure. The specific findings of significant structural damage to key lymphoid organs and activation of inflammatory pathways in broiler chickens upon NH3 exposure can provide guidance for future, targeted therapies to improve poultry health.","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"34 12","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of Endophytic Streptomyces rhizosphaericola Ahn75 and Its Potential for Biocontrol against Rice Blast. 根瘤链霉菌 Ahn75 的内生特性及其对水稻纹枯病的生物防治潜力。

IF 2.5 4区生物学

Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2407.07018

Zujiao Fu, Rong Xiao, Zhan Hu, Min Zhang, Shandong Wu, Zhaohui Guo, Rongjun Luo, Shiping Shan, Hua Yang

{"title":"Characterization of Endophytic Streptomyces rhizosphaericola Ahn75 and Its Potential for Biocontrol against Rice Blast.","authors":"Zujiao Fu, Rong Xiao, Zhan Hu, Min Zhang, Shandong Wu, Zhaohui Guo, Rongjun Luo, Shiping Shan, Hua Yang","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2407.07018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.2407.07018","url":null,"abstract":"Plant endophyte Streptomyces are excellent candidates as biocontrol agents against the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae. In this study, a novel strain Ahn75 with antifungal activity was isolated from healthy rice stem and identified as Streptomyces rhizosphaericola by phenotypic characterization and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA, multilocus and genome sequences. Inhibition test using culture filtrate showed that Ahn75 could effectively suppress M. oryzae, with mycelia growth inhibition rate of 80.88% and spore germination inhibition rate of 78.26%. Genome sequence analysis of strain Ahn75 showed 40 gene clusters of secondary metabolites and several genes related to plant growth promotion were predicted in the genome of Ahn75. Several antimicrobial compounds including valinomycin, tetrabutylammonium, and benzalkonium chloride, were also detected in the antifungal fraction from Ahn75 culture filtrate by liquid chromatography and high resolution mass spectrometry. Meanwhile, strain Ahn75 demonstrates UV tolerance under UV irradiation for 60 min, pH tolerance between pH6 and pH9, and a high halotolerance in 7% (w/v) of NaCl. Greenhouse experiments indicated that Ahn75 is able to colonize rice stems, roots, and leaves, which help rice to reduce the rice leaf blast incidence by 59.76%. All these findings suggest that strain Ahn75 could be a potential biocontrol agent for rice blast.","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"34 12","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0