Journal of microbiology and biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Comparative Genomic Analysis of Livestock-Derived <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i>: Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence, Mobile Genetic Elements, and Genetic Relatedness.","authors":"Jae-Uk An, Junbum Lee, Seongbeom Cho, Hyokeun Song","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2411.11044","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2411.11044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> is a major cause of foodborne illnesses, and its increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses serious public health risks. Owing to their high genetic diversity and frequent intraspecific recombination, understanding the virulence traits of <i>Campylobacter</i> remains challenging. We elucidated the resistance and virulence mechanisms of <i>C. jejuni</i> in livestock using comparative genomic and phenotypic analyses. We analyzed <i>C. jejuni</i> strains isolated from chicken meat, chicken slaughterhouses, and dairy cattle farms. High resistance rates were observed for nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline. The chicken-derived strains showed significantly higher tetracycline resistance and marginally higher nalidixic acid resistance, whereas the cattle-derived strains showed marginally higher ciprofloxacin resistance. The key AMR determinants included <i>gyrA</i> and <i>tet(O)</i>, which were correlated with resistance phenotypes. Ten virulence factor families were identified with prevalences exceeding 90%. Biofilm formation was observed in 31.9% of strains and correlated with flagella-associated virulence factors. Eighteen plasmid types were detected, primarily in the pTet family, which carried various AMR genes and components of the Type IV secretion system, potentially facilitating the co-transfer of resistance and virulence traits. Conjugation experiments confirmed the horizontal transfer of two pTet plasmid types into the wild-type <i>C. jejuni</i> strain. Further, our analyses revealed over 95% genetic similarity with European <i>C. jejuni</i> strains in a public database-supporting the hypothesis of zoonotic transmission via global food chains-and the zoonotic risks of livestock-derived <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i>. These findings emphasize the need for extended global surveillance to mitigate the risk of zoonotic transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e2411044"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11876010/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Argan Oil on Lipid Production by <i>Yarrowia lipolytica</i> NRRL YB-423.","authors":"Rouna Alaaeldin, Bilge Sayin, Zerrin Polat, Mükerrem Kaya, Güzin Kaban","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2410.10052","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2410.10052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different concentrations of traditional, industrial, and cosmetic argan oils on lipid production by <i>Yarrowia lipolytica</i> NRRL YB-423 in a glucose-based medium. This study also explored the influence of different nitrogen concentrations on lipid and biomass production. Traditional argan oil had the highest oleic acid amount, whereas industrial and cosmetic argan oils had a higher linoleic acid amount. A lipid accumulation of 4.18 g/l was achieved with industrial argan oil, equivalent to approximately 65% lipid yield based on the dry cell weight. In addition, the results indicated that higher concentrations of argan oil led to increased lipid production. Correlation analysis showed that the addition of argan oil caused a change in fatty acid composition and an increase in linoleic acid amount. Linoleic acid increased in the presence of cosmetic argan oil (0.5 ml). The same effect was observed in the presence of 2 ml of traditional or industrial argan oil. In addition, when the amount of additional nitrogen was increased to 1 g/l, oleic acid amount increased in the control group. The nitrogen concentration used along with the argan oil type also caused changes in the correlations. The industrial argan oil group differed from the other groups in the presence of 1 g/l N. On the contrary, in the presence of an additional 0.5 g/l N, the industrial and traditional argan oil groups were closely correlated with each other.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e2410052"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11876015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial Activity of a Linolenic Acid Stigmasterol Ester Produced by Lipase-Mediated Transesterification.","authors":"Yeong A Kim, Hyung Kwoun Kim","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2410.10055","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2410.10055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phytosterols are naturally found in lipid-rich plant foods and oils. These compounds exhibit various pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cholesterol-lowering properties. However, their industrial application has been limited due to their high melting points and poor solubility in both water and oil. Some unsaturated fatty acids can enhance phytosterols' oil solubility while exhibiting antimicrobial activities against various bacterial strains. In this study, we synthesized a linolenic acid stigmasterol ester (LASE) to improve oil and emulsion solubility of stigmasterol, a phytosterol known for its beneficial physiological effects in humans. LASE was synthesized with <i>Candida antarctica</i> lipase A through a transesterification reaction using stigmasterol and α-linolenic acid-rich linseed oil as substrates. The reaction was conducted at 50°C in isooctane with 20 mM of both stigmasterol and linseed oil. Following synthesis, LASE was purified using preparative liquid chromatography. The purified LASE demonstrated a 20-fold improvement in solubility in tricaprylin (TCN) compared to stigmasterol. Additionally, its antibacterial activities against specific food spoilage bacteria were confirmed using a TCN-based emulsion system.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e2410055"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11876018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Anticancer and Antimicrobial Potential of Bioactive Metabolites and Optimization of Culture Conditions of <i>Pseudomonas aurantiaca</i> PB-St2 for High Yields.","authors":"Mahnoor Zameer, Izzah Shahid, Rahman Shahzaib Saleem, Deeba Noreen Baig, Maryam Zareen, Kauser Abdulla Malik, Samina Mehnaz","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2311.11041","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2311.11041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The following study aimed to characterize the biological potential of the purified compounds of <i>Pseudomonas aurantiaca</i> PB-St2. Optimization of temperature and incubation time of 32oC and 72 h yielded the highest crude extract weight and optical density of bacterial culture. HPLC analysis of the crude metabolite extract (purified using gravitational column chromatography) showed three fractions named as PC1, PC2, and PC3. HPLC-purified fractions were subjected to LC-MS/MS analysis and the data was compared using reference library. Fraction PC1 was identified as mupirocin, PC2 as phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA), and PC3 as the mixture of three compounds including pyoluteorin, PCA and 2-hydroxyphenazine (2-OH-phz). Fungicidal potential of the purified compounds was assessed against phytopathogens including <i>Fusarium equiseti</i>, <i>Fusarium incarnatum</i>, <i>Alternaria alternata</i>, and <i>Colletotrichum falcatum</i>. Fraction PC3 showed the highest fungicidal activity of ~89%, whereas, the least antifungal activity (~27%) was noted for mupirocin. Antibacterial activity of the purified compounds against Gram-positive pathogen <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, and Gram-negative pathogens <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Salmonella enterica</i>, and <i>Klebsiella oxytoca</i> was also assessed. Fraction PC3 demonstrated the highest antibacterial activity against <i>B. cereus</i> and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> showing 1.8 cm, and 0.9 cm zones of inhibition, respectively. Against <i>K. oxytoca</i> and <i>S. enterica</i>, the antibacterial activity of PB-St2 crude extract was slightly higher than the fraction PC3. The fraction PC3 also demonstrated the highest IC₅₀ against HepG-2 and SF767 cancer cell lines at 25 μg and 20 μg concentrations, respectively. The multifaceted attributes of <i>P. aurantiaca</i> PB-St2 make it an ideal candidate for agricultural and pharmacological applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e2311041"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883349/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DS0384 Alleviates Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Secretes N-carbamyl glutamic Acid and Participates in Lipid Metabolism and Lipid Peroxidation Processes.","authors":"Xiaofan Wei, Xiao Feng","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2410.10040","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2410.10040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a life-threatening inflammatory bowel disease linked to gut microbiome dysbiosis. This study evaluates the efficacy of <i>Limosilactobacillus reuteri</i> strain DS0384, which secretes N-carbamyl glutamic acid (NCG), in modulating lipid peroxidation and inflammatory pathways in NEC. After pretreatment with DS0384, NEC mouse model was induced by gavage with bacteria-containing formula. NCG levels in the ileum were measured via CE-TOFMS metabolomic analysis. Additionally, rat small intestinal epithelial IEC-6 cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), treated with DS0384 DNA (D-DNA), and/or transfected to overexpress fatty acid synthase (FASN) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Lipid peroxidation, peroxidation and inflammatory factors and NF-κB pathways were analysed. Immunofluorescence was used to measure the expression levels of ZO-1 and TLR4 in the ileum. DS0384 treatment significantly reduced more histological abnormalities, apoptosis, and TLR4 expression in NEC mice, while restoring NCG levels, downregulating FASN and inhibiting lipid peroxidation and inflammation. Pre-treatment with D-DNA maintained cell vitality, reduced apoptosis, and suppressed TLR4/NF-κB-mediated inflammasome activation. Overexpression of FASN or TLR4 reversed these effects. DS0384 is a promising therapeutic against NEC, enhancing gut barrier integrity and modulating inflammatory and oxidative responses, suggesting potential clinical benefits in preventing NEC progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e2410040"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11879329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Casticin Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis via NF-κB/BCL-2 Signaling Pathway.","authors":"An Huang, Zhiping Gu, Jiahao Jin, Tao Nie","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2409.09009","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2409.09009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the effects of casticin on osteoclastogenesis, aiming to elucidate its underlying mechanisms for potential clinical applications. We assessed the cytotoxicity of casticin using a CCK assay in RAW 264.7cell (murine cell line, from ATCC), which differentiate into osteoclasts upon RANKL treatment. Various concentrations (0.125, 0.25, 0.50 μM) were tested to establish a dose-dependent response. The effects of casticin on osteoclast differentiation and actin filament organization were evaluated through TRAP and F-actin staining. Additionally, qPCR and Western blot analyses were performed to assess gene expression. Concentrations exceeding 1.00 μM caused significant cytotoxicity. Notably, casticin at 0.50 μM significantly inhibited osteoclast differentiation and function, reducing marker gene expression, including c-FOS, NFATc1, CtsK, and MMP-9. Furthermore, casticin decreased phosphorylation levels of NF-κB and IκBα and downregulated BCL-2 expression. Our findings highlight casticin's potent regulatory effects on osteoclasts via the NF-κB/BCL-2 signaling pathways, suggesting potential therapeutic applications in bone-related disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e2409009"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11876008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revitalization of the Endophytic Fungus <i>Acremonium</i> sp. MEP2000 and Its Impact on the Growth and Accumulation of Bioactive Compounds in <i>Inonotus obliquus</i>.","authors":"Hui Wu, Qiao Liu, Limei Zeng, Junzhi Peng, Xinrui Yao, Tao Zhou, Zhiwu Tan, Weifan Wu, Yong Sun, Jihong Jiang, Xiaoying Cao","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2410.10037","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2410.10037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Inonotus obliquus</i> is a large, medicinal and edible fungus known for its extremely slow growth. It has garnered significant attention due to its high socioeconomic and pharmaceutical value. Our research group previously isolated an endophytic fungus, <i>Acremonium</i> sp. MEP2000, from <i>I. obliquus</i>, and a fermentation broth of MEP2000 enhanced both the growth and bioactive compound accumulation in <i>I. obliquus</i>. However, the activity of MEP2000 gradually declined after successive subcultures on PDA medium. We therefore revitalized MEP2000 by supplementing the PDA medium with birch bark powder (H medium), <i>I. obliquus</i> fruiting body powder (Z medium), and a combination of both (H&Z medium). MEP2000 was cultured on the PDA medium as the unrejuvenated control (PDA medium). The rejuvenated MEP2000 broth exerted significant effects on the secondary metabolite production, colony morphology, and growth rate of <i>I. obliquus</i>, with the H&Z medium inducing the most uniform mycelial morphology and fastest growth. Similarly, liquid shake-flask fermentation experiments showed that the H&Z inducer had the strongest growth-promoting effect. <i>I. obliquus</i> intracellular polysaccharide content was also highest in the H&Z treatment, with polysaccharide synthesis-related gene expression following a similar trend. GC-MS analysis confirmed that the H&Z medium had the highest concentration of triterpenoid bioactive compounds, such as inotodiol. These findings suggest that the MEP2000 broth, revitalized using the H&Z medium, effectively promotes <i>I. obliquus</i> mycelial growth and bioactive compound production, providing a valuable reference for large-scale production of active endophytic fungi.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e2410037"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11876012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insight of Metal Ions in Enzymatic Synthesis of Levan: The Metal-Binding Loop.","authors":"Hyunjun Ko, Minsik Kang, Bong Hyun Sung, Mi-Jin Kim, Jung-Hoon Sohn, Jung-Hoon Bae","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2411.11030","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2411.11030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Levan is a fructose polymer with unique physicochemical properties and physiological activities, making it useful in various industries. It is biologically synthesized from sucrose by the enzyme levansucrase, which does not require metal ions for its fructosylation activity. However, during the molecular characterization of a <i>Pseudomonas chlororaphis</i> levansucrase (PcLscA), it was observed that several divalent metal ions stimulate fructosylation activity by over 2.5-fold. To understand the structural basis of this action, a 3D model of PcLscA was constructed using the artificial intelligence-based modeling software (RoseTTAFold). This analysis revealed a novel metal-binding loop motif. Interestingly, this newly identified loop motif was also found in six known fructansucrase crystal structures. Furthermore, metal-stimulated levan synthesis was confirmed in the other two levansucrases. By identifying this loop motif, this study suggests an efficient approach for the enzymatic synthesis of levan, which traditionally is not known to require metal ions as activators.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e2411030"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11876013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Synthesis of Hydroxamate-Based Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 Inhibitors for Anti-Photoaging.","authors":"Jin Young Lee, Geunhyuk Jang, Yung Hyup Joo, Joonho Choi, Dong-Woo Lee, Jae Won Yoo","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2412.12027","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2412.12027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) is crucial for collagen degradation at the dermal-epidermal junction, contributing to skin aging and photoaging. This study presents a series of hydroxamate-based inhibitors selectively targeting MMP-2. Through structure-activity relationship analysis, we systematically modified the <i>N</i>-arylsulfonyl group and amino acid backbone to enhance MMP-2 selectivity. Compounds 1ad, 1af, and 4an showed strong MMP-2 inhibition, with 1ad demonstrating nanomolar-level selectivity. Zymogram assays revealed 30-60% MMP-2 activity reduction, while gene expression analysis confirmed post-transcriptional inhibition. These hydroxamate-based inhibitors are promising candidates for anti-photoaging applications, combining potent MMP-2 inhibition with simplified synthesis, supporting their potential for large-scale cosmetic formulations aimed at improving skin firmness and reducing wrinkles.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e2412027"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11876007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fermented <i>Protaetia brevitarsis</i> Larvae Alleviates High-Fat Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in C57BL/6 Mice via Regulation of Lipid Accumulation and Inflammation.","authors":"Hyo Lim Lee, Jong Min Kim, Min Ji Go, Han Su Lee, Ju Hui Kim, In Young Kim, Geum-Su Seong, Ho Jin Heo","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2409.09025","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2409.09025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by hepatic steatosis and hepatitis, is the most frequently encountered complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Due to its hepatoprotective, anti-obesity, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects, <i>Protaetia brevitarsis</i> (<i>P. brevitarsis</i>) larvae have been used as traditional medicine to treat liver diseases since ancient times. Therefore, this study was conducted to confirm the positive effect of fermented <i>P. brevitarsis</i> larvae (FPB) on NAFLD. The results showed that high-fat diet (HFD)-induced dysglycemia was improved by treatment with FPB as determined by testing for fasting blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance. The weight of liver and white adipose tissue and the levels of serum lipid, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity indicators were reduced by FPB. In addition, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction caused by HFD were improved by FPB. In a similar manner, HFD-induced hepatic steatosis was prevented by FPB through regulation of the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway and serum lipid profile. HFD-induced hepatitis and apoptosis were ameliorated by FPB via the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway and the B-cell lymphoma 2 protein family. In conclusion, this study suggests the potential for application of FPB as a prophylactic agent for treatment of NAFLD through suppression of lipid accumulation and inflammation in the liver.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":"35 ","pages":"e2409025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11876019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}