Journal of microbiology and biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Inhibitory Activity of <i>Sparassis latifolia</i> on the Lipid Accumulation through Suppressing Adipogenesis and Activating Lipolysis in 3T3-L1 Cells.","authors":"Jeong Won Choi, Hyeok Jin Choi, Rhim Ryoo, Youngki Park, Kyoung Tae Lee, Jin Boo Jeong","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2404.04037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.2404.04037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Sparassis latifolia</i> (SL) has been reported to exhibit anti-obesity effects in high-fat diet animal models, yet research into its mechanisms of action remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms behind the anti-obesity activity of SL's 30% ethanol extract (SL30E) using 3T3-L1 cells in an in vitro setting. SL30E effectively mitigated the accumulation of lipid droplets and triacylglycerol. SL30E downregulated PPARγ and CEBPα protein levels. The diminishment of PPARγ and C/EBPα, facilitated by SL30E, was impeded by the knockdown of β-catenin using β-cateninspecific siRNA. Furthermore, SL30E was observed to increase the protein levels of ATGL and p-HSL, while it concurrently decreased the protein levels of perilipin-1. SL30E downregulated p62/SQSTM1 protein level and upregulated LC3-II protein level. Moreover, SL30E was demonstrated to elevate the protein levels of p-AMPK and PGC-1α. The results indicate that SL30E inhibits lipid accumulation by suppressing adipogenesis and inducing lipolysis, lipophagy, and thermogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. These observations provide potential insights into the mechanisms underlying the anti-obesity effects of SL, contributing valuable information to the existing body of knowledge.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142108327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Overview of <i>Candida auris</i>: An Emerging Multidrug-Resistant Fungal Pathogen.","authors":"Ji-Seok Kim, Hyunjin Cha, Yong-Sun Bahn","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2404.04040","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2404.04040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rise of <i>Candida auris</i>, a multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen, across more than 40 countries, has signaled an alarming threat to global health due to its significant resistance to existing antifungal therapies. Characterized by its rapid spread and robust drug resistance, <i>C. auris</i> presents a critical challenge in managing infections, particularly in healthcare settings. With research on its biological traits and genetic basis of virulence and resistance still in the early stages, there is a pressing need for a concerted effort to understand and counteract this pathogen. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the epidemiology, biology, genetic manipulation, pathogenicity, diagnostics, and resistance mechanisms of <i>C. auris</i>, and discusses future directions in research and therapeutic development. By exploring the complexities surrounding <i>C. auris</i>, we aim to underscore the importance of advancing research to devise effective control and treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11294645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141331177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HPLC, NMR Based Characterization, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Chemical Constituents from Therapeutically Active Fungal Endophytes.","authors":"Waqas Hussain Shah, Wajiha Khan, Sobia Nisa, Michael H J Barfuss, Johann Schinnerl, Markus Bacher, Karin Valant-Vetschera, Ashraf Ali, Hiba-Allah Nafidi, Yousef A Bin Jardan, John P Giesy","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2403.03036","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2403.03036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fungi generate different metabolites some of which are intrinsically bioactive and could therefore serve as templates for drug development. In the current study, six endophytic fungi namely <i>Aspergillus flavus</i>, <i>Aspergillus tubigenesis</i>, <i>Aspergillus oryzae</i>, <i>Penicillium oxalicum</i>, <i>Aspergillus niger</i>, and <i>Aspergillus brasiliensis</i> were isolated and identified from the medicinal plant, <i>Silybum marianum</i>. These endophytic fungi were identified through intra transcribed sequence (ITS) gene sequencing. The bioactive potentials of fungal extracts were investigated using several bioassays such as antibacterial activity by well-diffusion, MIC, MBC, anti-biofilm, antioxidant, and haemolysis. The <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> PAO1 was used to determine the antibiofilm activity. The ethyl acetate extract of <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> showed strong to moderate efficacy against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, and <i>Bacillus spizizenii</i>. <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> and <i>Aspergillus brasiliensis</i> exhibited significant antibiofilm activity with IC₅₀ at 4.02 and 3.63 mg/ml, while <i>A. flavus</i> exhibited maximum antioxidant activity of 50.8%. Based on HPLC, LC-MS, and NMR experiments kojic acid (1) and carbamic acid (methylene-4, 1-phenylene) bis-dimethyl ester (2) were identified from <i>A. flavus</i>. Kojic acid exhibited DPPH free radical scavenging activity with an IC₅₀ value of 99.3 μg/ml and moderate activity against ovarian teratocarcinoma (CH1), colon carcinoma (SW480), and non-small cell lung cancer (A549) cell lines. These findings suggest that endophytic fungi are able to produce promising bioactive compounds which deserve further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11294646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141300848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial Apoptosis-Like Death through Accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species by Quercetin in <i>Escherichia coli</i>.","authors":"Min Seok Kwun, Dong Gun Lee","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2403.03057","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2403.03057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The antimicrobial activity of the natural compounds from plant and food have well discovered since the interest on the beneficial effect of the natural compounds was risen. Quercetin, a flavonoid derived from vegetables, including onions, red leaf lettuces and cherries has been studied for diverse biological characteristics as anti-cancer and anti-microbial activities. The aim of current study is to investigate the specific antibacterial modes of action of quercetin against <i>Escherichia coli</i>. Quercetin decreased the <i>E. coli</i> cell viability and induced the severe damages (oxidative stress, DNA fragmentation) leading to cell death. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was observed during the process, which we confirmed that oxidative stress was the key action of antibacterial activity of quercetin exerting its influence potently. Based on the results of Annexin V and Caspace FITC-VAD-FMK assay, the oxidative damage in <i>E. coli</i> has led to the bacterial apoptosis-like death in <i>E. coli</i>. To sum up, the contribution of ROS generation exerts crucial impact in antibacterial activity of quercetin.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11294654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141457472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermostable Bacterial Collagenolytic Proteases: A Review.","authors":"Kui Zhang, Yapeng Han","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2404.04051","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2404.04051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Collagenolytic proteases are widely used in the food, medical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and textile industries. Mesophilic collagenases exhibit collagenolytic activity under physiological conditions, but have limitations in efficiently degrading collagen-rich wastes, such as collagen from fish scales, at high temperatures due to their poor thermostability. Bacterial collagenolytic proteases are members of various proteinase families, including the bacterial collagenolytic metalloproteinase M9 and the bacterial collagenolytic serine proteinase families S1, S8, and S53. Notably, the C-terminal domains of collagenolytic proteases, such as the pre-peptidase C-terminal domain, the polycystic kidney disease-like domain, the collagen-binding domain, the proprotein convertase domain, and the β-jelly roll domain, exhibit collagen-binding or -swelling activity. These activities can induce conformational changes in collagen or the enzyme active sites, thereby enhancing the collagen-degrading efficiency. In addition, thermostable bacterial collagenolytic proteases can function at high temperatures, which increases their degradation efficiency since heat-denatured collagen is more susceptible to proteolysis and minimizes the risk of microbial contamination. To date, only a few thermophile-derived collagenolytic proteases have been characterized. TSS, a thermostable and halotolerant subtilisin-like serine collagenolytic protease, exhibits high collagenolytic activity at 60°C. In this review, we present and summarize the current research on A) the classification and nomenclature of thermostable and mesophilic collagenolytic proteases derived from diverse microorganisms, and B) the functional roles of their C-terminal domains. Furthermore, we analyze the cleavage specificity of the thermostable collagenolytic proteases within each family and comprehensively discuss the thermostable collagenolytic protease TSS.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11294657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141457474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Paraprobiotic <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> KU15122 in LPS-Induced RAW 264.7 Cells.","authors":"Hye-Won Lee, Hee-Su Jung, Na-Kyoung Lee, Hyun-Dong Paik","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2404.04052","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2404.04052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammation is a biodefense mechanism that provides protection against painful conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, other gastrointestinal problems, and irritable bowel syndrome. Paraprobiotics have probiotic characteristics of intestinal modulation along with merits of safety and stability. In this study, heat-killed <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> KU15122 (KU15122) was investigated for its anti-inflammatory properties. KU15122 was subjected to heat-killed treatment for enhancement of its safety, and its concentration was set at 8 log CFU/mL for conducting different experiments. Nitric oxide production was most remarkably reduced in the KU15122 group, whereas it was increased in the LPS-treated group. In RAW 264.7 cells, KU15122 inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. ELISA revealed that among the tested strains, KU15122 exhibited the most significant reduction in PGE₂, IL-1β, and IL-6. Moreover, KU15122 inhibited various factors involved in the nuclear factor-kappa B, activator protein-1, and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. In addition, KU15122 reduced the generation of reactive oxygen species. The anti-inflammatory effect of KU15122 was likely attributable to the bacterial exopolysaccharides. Conclusively, KU15122 exhibits anti-inflammatory potential against inflammatory diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11294648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141498277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Agromyces silvae</i> sp. nov., <i>Rathayibacter soli</i> sp. nov., and <i>Nocardioides terrisoli</i> sp. nov., Isolated from Soil.","authors":"Hyosun Lee, Dhiraj Kumar Chaudhary, Dong-Uk Kim","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2404.04007","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2404.04007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped, and non-motile bacteria, labelled as W11^T, SW19^T, and YR1^T, were isolated from soil, and performed their polyphasic taxonomic investigation. The phylogenetic and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strains W11^T, SW19^T, and YR1^T belonged to the genera <i>Agromyces</i>, <i>Rathayibacter</i>, and <i>Nocardioides</i>, respectively. Strain W11^T was closely affiliated with <i>Agromyces cavernae</i> SYSU K20354^T (98.1%), strain SW19^T showed the closest affiliation with <i>Rathayibacter rubneri</i> ZW T2_19^T (97.0%), and strain YR1^T was most closely related to <i>Nocardioides marmorisolisilvae</i> KIS18-7^T (98.0%). The genome sizes of strains W11^T, SW19^T, and YR1^T were 4,181,720 bp, 4,740,677 bp, and 4,228,226 bp, respectively, with DNA G+C contents of 70.5%, 64.2%, and 69.7%, respectively. Average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values of W11^T, SW19^T, and YR1^T with their respective reference species were <79.6% and <23.6%, respectively. The predominant cellular fatty acids detected in strain W11^T were anteiso-C_15:0, iso-C_16:0, and anteiso-C_17:0. In strain SW19^T, they were summed feature 9 (C_16:0 10-methyl and/or iso-C_17:1ω 9c), anteiso-C_17:0, and anteiso-C_15:0. Strain YR1^T exhibited C_18:1ω 9c, C_18:0 10-methyl, TBSA, and anteiso-C_15:0 as its major cellular fatty acids. Overall, the polyphasic taxonomic comparisons indicated that strains W11^T, SW19^T, and YR1^T represent novel species within the genera <i>Agromyces</i>, <i>Rathayibacter</i>, and <i>Nocardioides</i>, respectively. Accordingly, we propose the names <i>Agromyces silvae</i> sp. nov., with the type strain W11^T (=KCTC 49818^T =NBRC 115999^T), <i>Rathayibacter soli</i> sp. nov., with the type strain SW19^T (=KCTC 49860^T =NBRC 116108^T), and <i>Nocardioides terrisoli</i> sp. nov., with the type strain YR1^T (=KCTC 49863^T =NBRC 116165^T).</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11294650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141555024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Short-Term Tillage on Rhizosphere Soil Nitrogen Mineralization and Microbial Community Composition in Double-Cropping Rice Field.","authors":"Haiming Tang, Li Wen, Kaikai Cheng, Chao Li, Lihong Shi, Weiyan Li, Yong Guo, Xiaoping Xiao","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2401.01032","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2401.01032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soil extracellular enzyme plays a vital role in changing soil nitrogen (N) mineralization of rice field. However, the effects of soil extracellular enzyme activities (EEA) and microbial community composition response to N mineralization of rice field under short-term tillage treatment needed to be further explored. In this study, we investigated the impact of short-term (8-year) tillage practices on rhizosphere soil N transformation rate, soil enzyme activities, soil microbial community structure, and the N mineralization function gene abundances in double-cropping rice field in southern China. The experiment consisted of four tillage treatments: rotary tillage with crop straw input (RT), conventional tillage with crop straw input (CT), no-tillage with crop straw retention (NT), and rotary tillage with all crop straw removed as a control (RTO). The results indicated that the rhizosphere soil N transformation rate in paddy field under the NT and RTO treatments was significantly decreased compared to RT and CT treatments. In comparison to the NT and RTO treatments, soil protease, urease, <i>β</i>-glucosaminidase, and arginase activities were significantly improved by the CT treatment, as were abundances of soil <i>sub</i>, <i>npr</i>, and <i>chiA</i> with CT and RT treatments. Moreover, the overall diversity of soil bacterial communities in NT and RTO treatments was significantly lower than that in RT and CT treatments. Soil chitinolytic and bacterial ureolytic communities were also obviously changed under a combination of tillage and crop straw input practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11294655/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141555026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Label-Free Fluorescent Amplification Strategy for High-Sensitive Detection of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> based on Protective-EXPAR (p-EXPAR) and Catalytic Hairpin Assembly.","authors":"Lu Huang, Ye Zhang, Jie Liu, Dalin Zhang, Li Li","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2405.05006","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2405.05006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents a fluorescent mechanism for two-step amplification by combining two widely used techniques, exponential amplification reaction (EXPAR) and catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA). <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (<i>P. aeruginosa</i>) engaged in competition with the complementary DNA in order to attach to the aptamer that had been fixed on the magnetic beads. The unbound complementary strand in the liquid above was utilized as a trigger sequence to initiate the protective-EXPAR (p-EXPAR) process, resulting in the generation of a substantial quantity of short single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). The amplified ssDNA can initiate the second CHA amplification process, resulting in the generation of many double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) products. The CHA reaction was initiated by the target/trigger DNA, resulting in the release of G-quadruplex sequences. These sequences have the ability to bond with the fluorescent amyloid dye thioflavin T (ThT), generating fluorescence signals. The method employed in this study demonstrated a detection limit of 16 CFU/ml and exhibited a strong linear correlation within the concentration range of 50 CFU/ml to 10⁵ CFU/ml. This method of signal amplification has been effectively utilized to create a fluorescent sensing platform without the need for labels, enabling the detection of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> with high sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11294642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141492258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Gut Microbial Composition and Functional Adaptations between SPF and Non-SPF Pigs.","authors":"Haesun Lee, Woncheoul Park, Jingu No, Nam Woong Hyung, Ju-Yeong Lee, Seokho Kim, Hyeon Yang, Poongyeon Lee, Eunju Kim, Keon Bong Oh, Jae Gyu Yoo, Seunghoon Lee","doi":"10.4014/jmb.2402.02018","DOIUrl":"10.4014/jmb.2402.02018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gut microbiota is a key factor significantly impacting host health by influencing metabolism and immune function. Its composition can be altered by genetic factors, as well as environmental factors such as the host's surroundings, diet, and antibiotic usage. This study aims to examine how the characteristics of the gut microbiota in pigs, used as source animals for xenotransplantation, vary depending on their rearing environment. We compared the diversity and composition of gut microbiota in fecal samples from pigs raised in specific pathogen-free (SPF) and conventional (non-SPF) facilities. The 16S RNA metagenome sequencing results revealed that pigs raised in non-SPF facilities exhibited greater gut microbiota diversity compared to those in SPF facilities. Genera such as <i>Streptococcus</i> and <i>Ruminococcus</i> were more abundant in SPF pigs compared to non-SPF pigs, while Blautia, Bacteroides, and Roseburia were only observed in SPF pigs. Conversely, Prevotella was exclusively present in non-SPF pigs. It was predicted that SPF pigs would show higher levels of processes related to carbohydrate and nucleotide metabolism, and environmental information processing. On the other hand, energy and lipid metabolism, as well as processes associated with genetic information, cell communication, and diseases, were predicted to be more active in the gut microbiota of non-SPF pigs. This study provides insights into how the presence or absence of microorganisms, including pathogens, in pig-rearing facilities affects the composition and function of the pigs' gut microbiota. Furthermore, this serves as a reference for tracing whether xenotransplantation source pigs were maintained in a pathogen-controlled environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16481,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology and biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11294643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141498278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}