{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> PK/PD evaluation of glibenclamide nanosponges.","authors":"Marwa G Zaima, Shadeed Gad, Hany M Ibrahim","doi":"10.1080/02652048.2025.2483805","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02652048.2025.2483805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to develop glibenclamide (GLC)-loaded nanosponges (NS) using β-cyclodextrin to improve dissolution rate and oral bioavailability of GLC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Blank NS were produced using solvent technique with varying ratios of β-cyclodextrin and carbonyl-diimidazole. The hyper-crosslinked β-cyclodextrin was dispersed in de-ionized water, and then lyophilised. The GLC-loaded-NS were prepared using different ratios of GLC to the previously developed NS<sub>1:4</sub> and evaluated for particle size, zeta potential, TEM, SEM, DSC, PXRD, FTIR, loading efficiency, pharmacokinetically, pharmacodynamically, histologically and effect of storage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GLC:NS<sub>1:4</sub> showed highest solubility (46.36 ± 2.44%w/v), entrapment efficiency (36.1 ± 0.57%w/v), particle size 352 ± 6.1 nm and Z-potential -25.3 ± 0.3 mV. GLC:NS<sub>1:4</sub> exhibited porous, spherical nanoparticles, with confirmed drug encapsulation. In-vitro and in-vivo evaluations demonstrated an initial burst followed by sustained drug release, reducing blood glucose levels by 79.6 ± 0.43%. The effect of storage revealed no significant changes after 3 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GLC-NS complexation improved oral bioavailability and extended drug release, suggesting better patient compliance.</p>","PeriodicalId":16391,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microencapsulation","volume":" ","pages":"352-367"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143719897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cláudio Carvalho Santana Júnior, Anamaria Mendonça Santos, Ana Maria Santos Oliveira, José Adão Carvalho Nascimento Júnior, Laurent Picot, Luiza Abrahão Frank, Paula Dos Passos Menezes, Izabel Almeida Alves, Mairim Russo Serafini
{"title":"Green synthesis of antimicrobial nanotechnology using flavonoids: a systematic review.","authors":"Cláudio Carvalho Santana Júnior, Anamaria Mendonça Santos, Ana Maria Santos Oliveira, José Adão Carvalho Nascimento Júnior, Laurent Picot, Luiza Abrahão Frank, Paula Dos Passos Menezes, Izabel Almeida Alves, Mairim Russo Serafini","doi":"10.1080/02652048.2025.2487033","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02652048.2025.2487033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical public health concern that arises when microorganisms evolve mechanisms to evade the effects of antibiotics, thereby rendering conventional treatments ineffective. This growing challenge underscores the urgent need for novel therapeutic approaches. Nanotechnology, particularly when combined with environmentally sustainable practices such as green synthesis, reduces the use of toxic substances and minimises waste, offering a promising solution. This review explores the green synthesis of antimicrobial nanoparticles using flavonoids-natural compounds with substantial biological activity-as reducing and stabilising agents. By systematically analysing articles from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase, 10 key studies were identified. The primary nanoparticles examined were metallic, including silver, gold, copper, and metallic, which demonstrated notable efficacy against pathogens such as <i>S. aureus</i>, <i>E. coli</i>, and <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. The results support that green-synthesised nanoparticles represent a viable strategy to combat AMR, offering an effective and eco-friendly alternative for developing antimicrobial agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":16391,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microencapsulation","volume":" ","pages":"392-405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DaІia E Gaber, Alanood S Almurshedi, Basmah N Aldosari, Samiah Alhabardi, Randa M Zaki, Mahasen A Radwan, Xien Chen
{"title":"Design, in vitro, and in vivo evaluation of a new nanoemulsion gel of lamotrigine for application via nasal route.","authors":"DaІia E Gaber, Alanood S Almurshedi, Basmah N Aldosari, Samiah Alhabardi, Randa M Zaki, Mahasen A Radwan, Xien Chen","doi":"10.1080/02652048.2025.2482048","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02652048.2025.2482048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to enhance the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of lamotrigine (LMG), an antiepileptic drug with low solubility, by formulating it into a nasal nanoemulsion (NE) for effective epilepsy control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>LMG was incorporated into a nasal nanoemulsion (LMG-NE) using a 3<sup>2</sup> factorial design via spontaneous emulsification method. LMG-NEs were characterised for drug loading (DL), entrapment efficiency (EE%), particle size, microscopic examination, rheological profile, phosphatidylcholine liposome uptake, in vitro release, anticonvulsant activity, and in vivo pharmacokinetics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimal formulation exhibited a DL of 79.03 ± 0.5 (w/w), an EE% of 80.2 ± 3.0%, a mean diameter of 182.78 ± 22.76 nm, and a zeta potential of 0.60 ± 0.04 mV. LMG was rapidly released, with 91.87% ± 4.54% of drug was released within 2 hours. The area under the curve (AUC<sub>0-24</sub>) showed a 1.84-fold increase compared to standard formulations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LMG-NE presents a promising alternative for epilepsy treatment, potentially reducing peripheral side effects and improving therapeutic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16391,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microencapsulation","volume":" ","pages":"337-351"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An update on nanoformulations with FDA approved drugs for female reproductive cancer.","authors":"Mahima Raj, Abha Meena, Richa Seth, Anurag Mathur, Suaib Luqman","doi":"10.1080/02652048.2025.2474457","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02652048.2025.2474457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Female reproductive cancers, including ovarian, cervical, breast, gestational trophoblastic and endometrial cancer, present significant challenges in therapy and patient prognosis. Conventional chemotherapy often lacks selectivity, leading to systemic toxicity and reduced treatment efficacy. Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising approach to improve drug delivery and therapeutic outcomes. Encapsulation of FDA-approved drugs within nanocarriers such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, and lipid nanoparticles enables controlled drug release, reduces off-target effects, and enhances drug accumulation at tumor sites. This targeted delivery minimizes damage to healthy tissues and improves patient survival rates. Additionally, nanoformulations facilitate combination therapy, overcoming drug resistance and maximizing therapeutic efficacy. Despite promising results, challenges like scalability, reproducibility, and regulatory approvals hinder widespread clinical applications. Developing personalized nanoformulations tailored to individual patient profiles offers potential for precision cancer therapy. This study explores the role of nanoformulations in enhancing the therapeutic potential of FDA-approved drugs for treating female reproductive cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":16391,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microencapsulation","volume":" ","pages":"266-299"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation, characterisation, anticancer potential and safety evaluation of a soy lecithin phytosome delivery system loaded with constituents from <i>Barleria lupulina</i>.","authors":"Sabyasachi Banerjee, Shibangi Mukhopadhyay, Avik Das, Subhasis Banerjee, Sankhadip Bose, Santanu Banerjee, Nicolette Casarcia, Anupam Bishayee","doi":"10.1080/02652048.2025.2467046","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02652048.2025.2467046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, antineoplastic effects of a novel soy lecithin-based phytosome drug delivery system containing <i>Barleria lupulina</i> Lindl. extract (BLSP) was evaluated. BLSP was prepared using the thin-film hydration method and analysed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Zetasizer technique. Phytosomes showed a mean-diameter of 135 ± 0.29 nm, zeta potential of -56 ± 1.16 mV, and entrapment efficiency of 57.24 ± 0.12%. The drug release profiles exhibited a two-phase pattern with a protracted and sustained release after the first release. BLSP had a cytotoxic potential against MCF-7 breast and HeLa cervical cancers and demonstrated a concentration-dependent reduction of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial membrane potential. BLSP caused upregulation of B-cell lymphoma-2-associated-X protein, caspase-8, caspase-9, and cluster of differentiation-95, and downregulation of B-cell lymphoma-2. The <i>in vivo</i> toxicity study showed the safety of BLSP. Overall, BLSP has demonstrated potential as a promising formulation for delivering <i>B. lupulina</i> phytoconstituents to treat breast and cervical cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":16391,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microencapsulation","volume":" ","pages":"209-229"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nadhir N A Jafar, Junainah Abd Hamid, Farag M A Altalbawy, Pawan Sharma, Abhishek Kumar, Shirin Shomurotova, Rafid Jihad Albadr, Kamil K Atiyah Altameemi, Hawraa Mahdi Saleh, Fakhri Alajeeli, Ahmed Mohammed Ahmed, Irfan Ahmad, Imad Ibrahim Dawood
{"title":"Gadolinium (Gd)-based nanostructures as dual-armoured materials for microbial therapy and cancer theranostics.","authors":"Nadhir N A Jafar, Junainah Abd Hamid, Farag M A Altalbawy, Pawan Sharma, Abhishek Kumar, Shirin Shomurotova, Rafid Jihad Albadr, Kamil K Atiyah Altameemi, Hawraa Mahdi Saleh, Fakhri Alajeeli, Ahmed Mohammed Ahmed, Irfan Ahmad, Imad Ibrahim Dawood","doi":"10.1080/02652048.2025.2469259","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02652048.2025.2469259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gadolinium (Gd) nanoparticles hold significant promise in medical theranostics due to their unique properties. This review outlines the synthesis, characterisation, and applications of Gd nanostructures in combating microbial threats and advancing cancer theragnostic strategies. Synthesis methods such as co-precipitation, microemulsion, and laser ablation are discussed, alongside TEM, SEM, and magnetic characterisation. The antimicrobial efficacy of Gd nanostructures, their potential in combination therapy, and promising anticancer mechanisms are explored. Biocompatibility, toxicity, and regulatory considerations are also evaluated. Challenges, future perspectives, and emerging trends in Gd nanostructure research are highlighted, emphasising their transformative potential in medical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":16391,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microencapsulation","volume":" ","pages":"239-265"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fabrication of nano-ceria encapsulated with oleic acid to attenuate gestational diabetes mellitus in streptozotocin-induced diabetic pregnant mice model.","authors":"Huili Yang, Yujun An, Juan Meng, Xiaomei Lv","doi":"10.1080/02652048.2024.2423629","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02652048.2024.2423629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The study aims to fabricate and evaluate Nano-ceria encapsulated oleic acid (CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs-OA) to treat gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs was synthesised by thermal decomposition. TEM, XRD, and FTIR confirms particles. <i>In vitro</i> studies on STZ-induced NIH 3T3 assessed antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties. <i>In vivo</i> studies were performed on pregnant mice induced with STZ, examined antidiabetic activity, oxidative stress, and dyslipidemia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs-OA had a spherical structure and uniform distribution. A PDI of 0.5 with a zeta-potential of - 44 ± 2 mV. The DPPH and ABTS exhibit 40% and 39.21% antioxidant activity. The CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs-OA inhibits diabetes at 500 μg/mL. The <i>in vivo</i> studies confirmed the reduction in oxidative stress by reducing MDA <i>(p < 0.05)</i>. The histopathological analysis of the STZ-induced model shows capillary, which CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs-OA reduced.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs-OA shows promise for treating GDM and improving maternal and foetal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":16391,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microencapsulation","volume":" ","pages":"191-208"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weina Liang, Yan Zhang, Jianpeng Li, Chenglin Ji, Xuexin Jiang
{"title":"Her-2 nanobody modified cisplatin nanoparticles for precise chemotherapy of colon cancer.","authors":"Weina Liang, Yan Zhang, Jianpeng Li, Chenglin Ji, Xuexin Jiang","doi":"10.1080/02652048.2025.2467060","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02652048.2025.2467060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Construct a Her-2 nanobody modified nanoplatform as a versatile carrier of cisplatin and evaluate its anti-tumour effects. Size, morphology, cellular uptake, in vitro release, cell viability, bio-distribution and antitumor efficacy were respectively measured by dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, confocal microscopy, HPLC, MTT assay, ICP-Mass and tumour volume. Nb-CDDP NPs was prepared with average diameter 60.4 ± 8.4 nm, PDI 0.2 ± 0.02, Zeta potential -35.74 mV, entrapment efficiency 89.5%±0.8% and drug loading 28.7%±1.3% (w/w). From which cisplatin could release more rapidly in acidic solution. NPs could be easily phagocytised and exhibited stronger cytotoxic effect in HCT-116 cells with IC<sub>50</sub> 1.46 ± 0.019 μg/mL. The concentration of Nb-CDDP NPs in tumour and its inhibition ratio on tumour volume were both higher than without Nb modification, with hardly any influence on body weight. This cisplatin nanoplatform exhibits exceptional properties and high targeting anti-tumour efficacy in colon cancer cells and mice, which maybe provide a promising strategy for precise chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16391,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microencapsulation","volume":" ","pages":"230-238"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synergistic combinatorial delivery system based on nanoliposome encapsulating doxorubicin and sorafenib for broad-spectrum cancer treatment.","authors":"Farwa Nurjis, Usama Sarwar, Joham Sarfraz Ali, Mahnoor Fayyaz, Faiza Munir, Shaheen Shahzad","doi":"10.1080/02652048.2025.2480597","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02652048.2025.2480597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A novel combination delivery approach entrapping Sorafenib inside a nanoliposome bilayer and Doxorubicin within the aqueous core to achieve the broad-spectrum synergistic chemotherapeutic effect. DOX-SOR liposomes were synthesized by thin film hydration and characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering, Fluorescence, and Scanning Electron Microscopy, followed by cytotoxicity assessments. Nanoliposomes demonstrated effective loading and encapsulation of Doxorubicin (10.23% ± 0.65 and 89.65% ± 0.52) and Sorafenib (10.42% ± 0.50 and 85.35% ± 0.72) with a 165 nm ± 1.34 mean diameter, -15.2 ± 1.78 zeta potential, and 75% ± 1.92 of cumulative release. <i>In vitro</i> analysis of nanoliposomes demonstrated biocompatibility up to 250 µg/mL concentration (<i>p</i> < 0.05), enhanced intracellular localization in Hep2c cell lines, 91% ± 1.72 cytotoxic effects (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) with IC<sub>50</sub> up to 127µg/mL, 21% ± 0.89 cell viability with 85% apoptosis (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) using flow cytometer. This study presents a promising treatment approach using a multidrug-loaded nanoliposomes for broad-spectrum synergistic chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":16391,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microencapsulation","volume":" ","pages":"300-312"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Novel formulation of curcumin-loaded chlorhexidine drug combined with gold nanoparticles for effective therapeutic agent against urinary tract infections.","authors":"Jian Kang, Yanqing Tong","doi":"10.1080/02652048.2025.2457667","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02652048.2025.2457667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study investigates a novel treatment for urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and <i>Klebsiella pathogenic</i> bacterial strains.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Cur/Chx/Au composite matrix was synthesised in one pot by solution reduction and examined for functional groups and surface morphology by FT-IR, UV-DRS, HR-TEM, and TGA. <i>In vitro,</i> microbial growth inhibition evaluation and pathogen biofilm studies assessed the composite's antibacterial capacity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cur/Chx/Au exhibit mean diameter from 30 ± 5.2 nm, PDI 0.50 ± 0.05, and a zeta potential of -9.56 ± 1.84. The inhibition zones for <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. coli</i> were 16 ± 1.2 mm and 14 ± 0.8 mm, respectively, with an anti-inflammatory inhibition rate of 89.96%. The composite material's biocompatibility was further tested utilising <i>in-vitro</i> MTT, cell proliferation, and wound scratch assays in NHI 3T3 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that the combination of Cur/Chx/Au composite matrix is a promising formulation for UTI treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":16391,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microencapsulation","volume":" ","pages":"177-190"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143408643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}