Journal of Food Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Liquiritin Ameliorates Palmitic Acid-Induced Hepatic Steatosis in Mouse Primary Hepatocytes by Suppressing the VEGFA Signaling Pathway","authors":"Zhang Qi,&nbsp;Wang Yan,&nbsp;Xiong Qingfang,&nbsp;Yu Lei,&nbsp;Cao Jieqing,&nbsp;Zhao Chengjun,&nbsp;Yang Yongfeng","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/5387785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/5387785","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a global pandemic, imposing a significant socioeconomic burden. Hepatic steatosis is a key pathological event in NAFLD. However, there is still lack of effective drugs for NAFLD treatment. Liquiritin (LIQ), derived from licorice root, exhibits antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, making it valuable in managing various conditions such as dermatological disorders, respiratory ailments, and gastritis. Here, we investigated the impact and underlying mechanisms of LIQ on hepatic steatosis in mouse primary hepatocytes (MPHs). Our study found that LIQ significantly decreased palmitic acid (PA)-induced lipid accumulation in MPHs. Additionally, LIQ remarkably increased the mRNA expression of Cpt1a, PPAR<i>α</i>, Ehhadh, Cyp4a10, and Acox1, suggesting that LIQ achieves its lipid-lowering effect by regulating mitochondria-mediated lipid β-oxidation. Furthermore, the regulatory effect of LIQ on the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) process was confirmed by Seahorse analysis. Mechanistically, bioinformatics analysis predicted VEGFA as a crucial target mediating the beneficial effects of LIQ against PA-induced lipid accumulation in MPHs. Notably, treatment with purified VEGFA protein partially counteracted the lipid-lowering properties of LIQ. Additionally, our data showed that LIQ promoted VEGFA degradation through the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. Therefore, our findings not only confirm the lipid-lowering effects of LIQ in MPHs but also identify VEGFA as its potential target. These results highlight the therapeutic promise of LIQ in managing NAFLD and introduce VEGFA as a novel target for treating hepatic steatosis.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/5387785","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Docosahexaenoic Acid Inhibits p62-Dependent Autophagy by Targeting HSP70A1A/TGM-2 Axis to Alleviate Arecoline-Induced Oral Submucosal Fibrosis","authors":"Zhaoyong Hu,&nbsp;Yuzhe Dai,&nbsp;Chenwei Wang,&nbsp;Yanli Liu,&nbsp;Qun Li,&nbsp;Qiaojuan Zuo,&nbsp;Ruiyi Chen,&nbsp;Jin Tan","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/2110625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/2110625","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p><b>Background:</b> The role of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in fibrosis of other organs has been studied, but its function in oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) has not been reported. This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of DHA in OSF.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Methods:</b> OSF rat and cell models were established induced by arecoline. Through a series of in vivo and in vitro experiments, the function of DHA in OSF was investigated. Mechanistically, the interaction of TGM-2 with HSP70A1A and p62 proteins was validated using co-immunoprecipitation. Additionally, in cells transfected with overexpression vectors of HSP70A1A or TGM-2 and treated with DHA and arecoline or co-treated with a p62 inhibitor XRK3F2 along with DHA and arecoline, the function of the DHA/HSP70A1A/TGM-2/p62 axis in OSF was explored.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Results:</b> In vivo, arecoline caused severe pathological damage and fibrosis in rat oral mucosal tissues and induced overexpression of HSP70A1A. Arecoline treatment also elevated tissue ROS levels and the expression of α-SMA, Collagen I, TGM-2, and LC3 II/I, while decreasing tissue p62 protein expression and serum GSH levels. Treatment with DHA reversed these changes and improved the pathological damage and fibrosis in OSF rats. In vitro, arecoline induced the expression of HSP70A1A in a concentration-dependent manner, and DHA inhibited its expression by directly binding to HSP70A1A and reducing the expression of α-SMA, Collagen I, TGM-2, LC3 II/I, and ROS levels induced by arecoline in cells, while increasing p62 protein expression and GSH levels in cell supernatants. Furthermore, arecoline induced TGM-2 expression, and overexpression of HSP70A1A counteracted the protective effect of DHA on cells and the suppression of TGM-2 expression. TGM-2 interacted with HSP70A1A and p62 proteins. Overexpression of TGM-2 or treatment with XRK3F2 activated autophagy and abolished the protective effect of DHA on cells.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Conclusion:</b> DHA inhibits p62-dependent autophagy through targeting the HSP70A1A/TGM-2 axis, thereby alleviating arecoline-induced OSF. These results suggest that DHA and its mediated autophagy regulation mechanism can be a therapeutic target for OSF.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/2110625","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Ultraviolet-C Light on Softening and Senescence During Storage of Peach Fruit","authors":"Juan Kan,&nbsp;Min Gao,&nbsp;Weixiao Dong,&nbsp;Chao Tang,&nbsp;Chunlu Qian,&nbsp;Jun Liu","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/5341034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/5341034","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Ultraviolet-C (UV-C), as a physical preservation technology, has the advantages of energy saving, safety, and sanitation and has broad application prospects in fruit storage. In this study, peach cultivated “Xiahui 5” was used as material to investigate the impact of UV-C on the softening, senescence, and postharvest quality of peaches. It was discovered that the application of UV-C postponed the peak of respiration, retarded the loss of firmness, and inhibited ethylene biosynthesis during peach fruit storage. The UV-C treatment led to the inhibition of the growth of soluble pectin content and the reduction of cellulose and hemicellulose content, together with the suppression of the activities of enzymes that break down cell walls. The application of UV-C treatment resulted in an increase in the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of peach fruit, accompanied by a corresponding enhancement in the activities of glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). This contributed to maintain the fruit’s normal redox balance and antioxidant capacity. The application of UV-C treatment resulted in a reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) content and lipoxygenase (LOX) activity, thereby indicating that the oxidative damage of peach fruit during storage was inhibited by the UV-C. The application of UV-C maintained higher ATP content and induced the increase of cytochrome C oxidase (COX), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), H⁺K⁺-ATPase, and Ca²⁺-ATPase activities involved in energy metabolism and had a significant impact in maintaining cell energy status. The findings suggest that UV-C treatment postpones peach fruit softening and senescence by maintaining cellular structure and energy homeostasis.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/5341034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cow’s Milk Protein May Induce Allergy and Inflammation in Intestinal Epithelial Cells Through Regulating HOTAIR Expression and NF-κB Signaling Pathway","authors":"Kangwei Mao,&nbsp;Jiangyan Liu,&nbsp;Dalei Li,&nbsp;Siyu Gu,&nbsp;Chenxi Zhang,&nbsp;Mengmeng Li,&nbsp;Jun Sun,&nbsp;Juan Wang","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/8448913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/8448913","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p><b>Background:</b> Cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) is associated with activation of proinflammatory signaling pathways and overexpression of inflammatory mediators. Long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is a LncRNA, which is involved in the occurrence and development of many biological processes and diseases. HOTAIR can prevent necrotizing enterocolitis. This study aims to explore the effect of milk protein on NCM-460 cells and its mechanism of action with HOTAIR.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Methods:</b> NCM-460 cells were induced by cow’s milk protein to establish in vitro cell models. CCK-8 and EdU staining were used for evaluating the effects of cow’s milk protein on the viability and proliferation. ELISA was used for comparing the levels of inflammatory cytokines. TUNEL staining was conducted for evaluating the apoptosis. Expression levels of HOTAIR were detected by RT-qPCR. The expression of NF-κB signaling pathway–related molecules in cells was explored to evaluate the mechanism of HOTAIR in improving ALI.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Results:</b> Cow’s milk protein decreased the viability NCM-460 cells and also decreased the expression of HOTAIR. Moreover, it can induce the antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects on NCM-460 cells, and overexpression of LncRNA HOTAIR can partially reverse the effects of cow’s milk protein. In addition, overexpression of LncRNA HOTAIR reversed the effects of cow’s milk protein on NF-κB signaling.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Conclusions:</b> Cow’s milk protein may induce the allergy and inflammation in intestinal epithelial cells through regulating HOTAIR expression and NF-κB signaling pathways.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/8448913","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resveratrol and Its Metabolites by Gut Microbiota Inhibit Human and Rat Gonadal 3β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases: In Vitro Assay, Structure–Activity Relationship, and In Silico Docking Analysis","authors":"Yingna Zhai,&nbsp;Chunnan Hu,&nbsp;Huitao Li,&nbsp;Yiyan Wang,&nbsp;Shaowei Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoheng Li,&nbsp;Ren-shan Ge,&nbsp;Qiqi Zhu","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/9934626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/9934626","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p><b>Introduction:</b> Resveratrol and its analogs have potential therapeutic usage. Resveratrol is metabolized to various metabolites by gut microbiota, including dihydroresveratrol, lunularin, pinostilbene, and oxyresveratrol. However, they might have side effects by inhibiting human gonadal 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (h3β-HSD2) and rat homolog r3β-HSD1, thereby interfering with steroid biosynthesis.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Methods:</b> Herein, we analyzed the inhibitory strength via in vitro assay, mode of action, structure–activity relationship, and docking simulation of resveratrol analogs on 3β-HSDs. Human KGN cell microsome was used as h3β-HSD2 source, and 90-day-old male Sprague–Dawley rat testicular microsome was used as r3β-HSD1 source. The conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone by 3β-HSDs was analyzed.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Results:</b> IC₅₀ values for h3β-HSD2 were 4,4′-dihydroxystilbene (8.87 μM) &gt; pinostilbene (10.51 μM) &gt; resveratrol (50.04 μM) &gt; lunularin (96.10 μM), while those for r3β-HSD1 were pinostilbene (5.11 μM) &gt; 4,4′-dihydroxystilbene (15.16 μM) &gt; resveratrol (26.58 μM) &gt; lunularin (34.32 μM). Most resveratrol analogs were mixed/competitive inhibitors of both 3β-HSDs. Lipophilicity (LogP) and lowest binding energy determined the inhibitory strength. Docking analysis showed that resveratrol and its analogs bind to the NAD⁺-/steroid-binding sites of 3β-HSDs.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Conclusion:</b> Resveratrol can inhibit both human and rat gonadal 3β-HSDs, thereby interfering with the metabolism and concentrations of steroid hormones such as progesterone, testosterone, and estradiol.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Practical Application:</b> Consequently, this interference could hold significance for conditions related to hormone imbalances, such as polycystic ovary syndrome and certain cancers. Disorders marked by elevated levels of androgens, like hyperandrogenism, might find therapeutic benefit from interventions aimed at modulating 3β-HSD activity. Hence, resveratrol and its metabolites could present themselves as natural or supplementary treatment options for managing such conditions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/9934626","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigallocatechin Gallate Inhibits Cell Proliferation Promoted by TNFα/IL1β-NFκB-PLAU Inflammatory Signaling in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma","authors":"Fei Zhou,&nbsp;Yuanduo Li,&nbsp;Yurui Zhang,&nbsp;Hui Zhu,&nbsp;Yun Li,&nbsp;Ying Nie,&nbsp;Junjun Sun,&nbsp;Qiulan Luo,&nbsp;Ruixuan Wang,&nbsp;Xianghui Zou,&nbsp;Zikai Chen","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/7443874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/7443874","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p><b>Background:</b> Proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL1β drive esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell proliferation. However, the underlying molecular mechanism and potential therapeutic interventions to target this inflammatory signaling remain unclear.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Methods:</b> Plasminogen activator urokinase (<i>PLAU</i>) expression was analyzed using the public database (GEO and iProX) and molecular experiments (qRT-PCR and Western blotting). The DNA-binding activity of nuclear factor κB (NFκB) at the promoter of <i>PLAU</i> was analyzed using several online servers (AnimalTFDB, JASPAR, PROMO, Cistrome, and UCSC) and confirmed through ChIP-qPCR. The role of PLAU in ESCC proliferation was investigated through <i>PLAU</i> overexpression experiments, GO annotation, CCK8 assay, and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assay.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Results:</b> PLAU expression was significantly higher in ESCC tissues compared to normal tissues and in ESCC cells compared to immortalized esophageal epithelial cells. Treatment with TNFα and IL1β induced NFκB binding at the <i>PLAU</i> promoter in ESCC cells, leading to increased <i>PLAU</i> expression. Conversely, treatment with BAY11-7082, an NFκB inhibitor, significantly blocked this upregulation. Overexpression of <i>PLAU</i> promoted ESCC cell proliferation. Thus, our findings demonstrate that the TNFα/IL1β-NFκB-<i>PLAU</i> axis promotes ESCC cell proliferation. Moreover, EGCG inhibited NFκB binding to the <i>PLAU</i> promoter, thereby preventing PLAU upregulation in TNFα/IL1β-treated ESCC cells and inhibiting ESCC cell proliferation induced by <i>PLAU</i> overexpression.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Conclusion:</b> EGCG effectively blocks the inflammatory signaling TNFα/IL1β-NFκB-PLAU, thereby inhibiting ESCC cell proliferation. Our study provides new insights into blocking the pro-proliferative role of inflammation in ESCC and highlights EGCG as a potential therapeutic agent.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/7443874","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyphenols From Morchella sextelata Induce Apoptosis of Colorectal Cancer Cells Through ROS-Mediated Endogenous Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway In Vitro","authors":"Feihong Zhai,&nbsp;Yan Wang,&nbsp;Miaoqing Yan","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/7777790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/7777790","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy of the digestive tract. Although chemotherapy is considered the most effective method for the treatment of CRC, these drugs have significant side effects. The identification of antitumour active ingredients with high efficiency and fewer toxic side effects from natural products is important. The effects of polyphenols from artificially cultivated <i>Morchella sextelata</i> (MSP) on CRC were analysed at the cellular level. The antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of MSP on HCT 116 and HT-29 CRC cells were determined by a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, a colony formation assay, morphological observation and flow cytometry. The anti-CRC effects and their molecular mechanism were subsequently explored by RT-qPCR, Western blotting, mitochondrial membrane potential assays, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level assays and antioxidant enzyme system assays. MSP had dose-dependent cytotoxic effects as revealed by the inhibition of colony formation and induction of morphological changes and apoptosis in HCT 116 and HT-29 cells. The RT-qPCR results revealed that MSP treatment decreased the expression of <i>Bcl-2</i> and upregulated the expression of <i>Bax, caspase-3</i> and <i>caspase-9</i>, which were verified by Western blot experiments. Furthermore, MSP led to the destruction of the mitochondrial membrane potential, which suggested that MSP induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in these two cell types. In addition, treatment with MSP increased ROS levels and reduced the levels of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione S-transferase (GSH-ST) and γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS) in the two cell lines. The apoptotic effects induced by MSP were significantly reversed by the ROS inhibitor N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), indicating that MSP induced apoptosis by increasing the intracellular ROS content of these two cell types. The above results indicated that MSP induced the apoptosis in the CRC cell lines HCT 116 and HT-29 through the ROS-mediated endogenous mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. The conclusions drawn from these experiments were based on in vitro cell experiments, and the results of this study provide a research basis for further in-depth experiments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/7777790","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Benefits of Nutrition of Little Millet: Unveiling the Effect of Processing Methods on Bioactive Properties","authors":"Annu Kumari,&nbsp;Pardeep Kumar Sadh,&nbsp;Ajay Kamboj,&nbsp;Babli Yadav,&nbsp;Anil Kumar,&nbsp;S. Sivakumar,&nbsp; Surekha,&nbsp;Baljeet Singh Saharan,&nbsp;Basanti Brar,&nbsp;Chhaya Goyal,&nbsp;Sanju Bala Dhull,&nbsp;Joginder Singh Duhan","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/2488816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/2488816","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Many terrible illnesses and disorders that modern man is dealing with today were not even known to ancient man. The only factor contributing to this disastrous situation is dietary habits. Thus, by avoiding and controlling them, replacing meals high in empty calories with nutrient-dense millets helps to alleviate the combined burden of contemporary metabolic illnesses and malnutrition. Because millet contains various nutrients, including proteins, minerals, lipids, vitamins, phytochemicals, dietary fiber, and complex carbohydrates, it positively impacts the immune system. Among whole millets, little millet (<i>Panicum sumatrense</i>) is one nutritious millet that contributes significantly to the supply of macro- and micronutrients and bioactive substances, including phenols, tannins, and phytates. However, some processing techniques, such as germination, fermentation, milling, and extrusion, impact little millet’s nutrients and bioactive chemicals by increasing or decreasing these phytochemicals. These nutrients and bioactive substances have physiological and beneficial properties related to health, such as weight management, antioxidants, antidiabetics, anticancer, antiobesity, and cardiovascular disease potential. It is also beneficial in preventing the risk of inflammatory, antirheumatic, and chronic disorders, as it possesses various value-added bioactive compounds such as kaempferol, luteolin, and apigenin. Little millet also contains some antinutrients such as tannins, oxalate, trypsin inhibitors, and phytate. These substances bind to the necessary nutrients, rendering them unavailable or limiting their utilization. The nutrients, processing effects, bioactive compounds, and health advantages of these compounds in little millet are all summarized in this paper.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/2488816","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Material Basis for the Beneficial Effects of Paidu Powder on Hyperuricemia: A Network Pharmacology and Clinical Study","authors":"Sun Yan,&nbsp;Wu Tong,&nbsp;Zhu Ye,&nbsp;Zheng Shuwen,&nbsp;Guo Yuting,&nbsp;Lin Jian,&nbsp;Hailing Zhang,&nbsp;Gao Yonglin","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/4962920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/4962920","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p><b>Background:</b> Paidu powder (PDP) is a formula that is used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practices and has been demonstrated to be effective to lower blood uric acid (UA) level.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Methods:</b> Network pharmacology was employed to probe the mechanistic basis for the beneficial effects of PDP. Then, PDP was subjected to <i>Aspergillus oryza</i> AS3.042 fermentation, and the primary bioactive compounds in the resultant samples were analyzed via HPLC. A clinical study was then performed to test the therapeutic effects of unfermented and fermented PDP on HUA.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Results:</b> Network pharmacology strategies identified 122 active compounds and 924 HUA-related target genes, with 61 overlapping targets relative to PDP and HUA ultimately being selected. These target genes were associated with 474 GO biological process terms and 136 KEGG pathways. Moreover, good binding was observed between three main bioactive compounds of interest and nine primary target proteins. Notably, the levels of the top three bioactive compounds (quercetin, kaempferol, and naringenin) were significantly elevated by 308.96%, 1386.44%, and 719.21%, respectively, following fermentation. Clinical analyses indicated that both PDP and fermented PDP treatment significantly reduced UA, CRE, and BUN levels (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), with a higher overall efficacy rate in the fermented PDP group relative to the unfermented PDP group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Fewer adverse reactions were also observed in the fermented PDP group.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Conclusion:</b> These results offer novel insights into the putative mechanisms through which PDP can exert its beneficial effects against HUA, offering a novel basis for the identification of the pharmacological effects of this popular TCM prescription.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/4962920","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thymus longicaulis subsp. chaubardii Ethanolic Extract Ameliorates Acetic Acid–Induced Rat Ulcerative Colitis Model by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis","authors":"Dilek Ozbeyli,&nbsp;Ali Sen,&nbsp;Naziye Ozkan Yenal,&nbsp;Ayse Nur Hazar Yavuz,&nbsp;Deniz Mukaddes Turet,&nbsp;Meral Yuksel,&nbsp;Ismail Senkardes,&nbsp;Asli Aykac","doi":"10.1155/jfbc/6245901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jfbc/6245901","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The search for new drugs to treat ulcerative colitis (UC) is ongoing, with the use of herbal extracts emerging as a current research focus in this field. This study primarily intended to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the ethanolic extract of <i>Thymus longicaulis</i> subsp. <i>chaubardii</i> (TLC) in vitro. Secondly, we aimed to perform an acetic acid (AA)–induced rat UC model and assess the effects of TLC extract (200 mg/kg/orally/day, during three days) using ELISA test in terms of IL-1<i>β</i>, TNF-<i>α</i>, IL-17, IL-10, Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase, TLR-9, MMP-3 level, caspase-3 and caspase-9, luminol, lucigenin, and SOD. In addition, we accomplished macroscopic and histological evaluations. Our phytochemical investigation revealed TLC contained secondary metabolites including total phenolic, total flavonoid, and total triterpenes in quite concentrated amounts. The extract demonstrated anti-2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity that was 2.3 times more potent than ascorbic acid, anti-2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radical scavenging activity that was 3.28 times less potent than Trolox, and antilipoxygenase Type V (LOX-5) activity that was 1.31 times more potent than indomethacin in vitro. Due to colitis, increased luminol and lucigenin CL, TNF-<i>α</i>, IL-1<i>β</i>, IL-17, TLR-9, caspase-3, caspase-9, MMP-3, and macroscopic and microscopic scores and decreased IL-10, Na+/K + -ATPase levels in colon ameliorated with TLC and sulfasalazine (as reference drug) treatments. As a result, it can be said that TLC improves UC in rats, mainly on account of its free radical scavenging activity, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Biochemistry","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jfbc/6245901","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}