Journal of Diabetes Research最新文献

{"title":"Autophagy Regulates Ferroptosis-Mediated Diabetic Liver Injury by Modulating the Degradation of ACSL4.","authors":"Liangxiu Wu, Weicheng Lai, Lanlan Li, Sen Yang, Fengjuan Li, Chen Yang, Xiaobing Gong, Liangyan Wu","doi":"10.1155/jdr/7146054","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/7146054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Diabetic liver injury is a serious complication due to the lack of effective treatments and the unclear pathogenesis. Ferroptosis, a form of cell death involving reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent lipid peroxidation (LPO), is closely linked to autophagy and diabetic complications. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating the role of autophagy in regulating ferroptosis by modulating the degradation of acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) in diabetic hepatocytes and its potential impact on diabetic liver injury. <b>Methods:</b> Initially, ferroptosis and autophagy were assessed in liver tissues from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and in palmitic acid (PA)-treated LO2 cells. Subsequently, the study focused on elucidating the regulatory role of autophagy in mediating ferroptosis through the modulation of ACSL4 expression in PA-treated LO2 cells. <b>Results:</b> The results demonstrated that ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis and inhibition of autophagy were observed in diabetic hepatocytes in vivo and in PA-treated LO2 cells. Additionally, the ferroptosis inhibitor was able to mitigate the PA-induced cell death in LO2 cells. Mechanistically, the stability and expression level of the ACSL4 protein were upregulated and primarily degraded via the autophagy-lysosome pathway in PA-treated LO2 cells. The use of the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and the inducer rapamycin further demonstrated that autophagy regulated ferroptosis by mediating ACSL4 degradation, highlighting its critical role in diabetic liver injury. <b>Conclusions:</b> These results elucidate the roles of ferroptosis, autophagy, and their interactions in the pathogenesis of diabetic liver injury, offering potential therapeutic targets. Furthermore, they shed light on the pathogenesis of ferroptosis and other diabetic complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2024 ","pages":"7146054"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11688137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Promising Immunomodulators for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) and Islet Transplantation.","authors":"Nida Ajmal, Maislin C Bogart, Palwasha Khan, Ibiagbani M Max-Harry, Amber M Healy, Craig S Nunemaker","doi":"10.1155/jdr/5151171","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/5151171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune chronic disorder that damages beta cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans and results in hyperglycemia due to the loss of insulin. Exogenous insulin therapy can save lives but does not stop disease progression. Thus, an effective therapy may require beta cell restoration and suppression of the autoimmune response. However, currently, there are no treatment options available that can reverse T1D. Within the National Clinical Trial (NCT) database, a majority of over 3000 trials to treat T1D are devoted to insulin therapy. This review focuses on noninsulin pharmacological therapies, specifically immunomodulators. Many investigational new drugs fall under this category, such as the recently FDA-approved CD3 monoclonal antibody teplizumab to delay the onset of T1D. In total, we identified 39 different immunomodulatory investigational drugs. FDA-approved teplizumab for Stage 2 T1D is discussed along with other immunomodulators that have been tested in Phase 3 clinical trials or higher, including otelixizumab (another anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody), daclizumab (an anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody), ladarixin (CXCR1/2 inhibitor), and antithymocyte globulin (ATG). Immunomodulators also play roles in islet transplantation and cellular therapies like FDA-approved Lantidra. Several immunomodulators involved in Phase 3 clinical studies of islet transplantation are also discussed, including alemtuzumab, basiliximab, etanercept, and reparixin, some already FDA-approved for other uses. These include alemtuzumab, basiliximab, etanercept, and reparixin, some of which have been FDA-approved for other uses. This review provides background, mechanism of action, results of completed trials, and adverse effects as well as details regarding ongoing clinical trials for each of these immunomodulators. <b>Trial Registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03875729, NCT01030861, NCT00129259, NCT00385697, NCT01280682; NCT03929601, NCT04598893, NCT05757713, NCT00678886, NCT01123083, NCT00064714, NCT00468117, NCT04628481, NCT01106157, NCT02215200, NCT00331162, NCT00679042, NCT01220856, NCT01817959.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5151171"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11679277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olfactory Dysfunction as a Biomarker for Early Diagnosis of Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Paula Ramos-Cazorla, Lina Carazo-Barrios, Jose A Reyes-Bueno, Elena Sagües-Sesé, Carmen de Rojas-Leal, Miguel A Barbancho, Francisco J Garzón-Maldonado, C de la Cruz-Cosme, Juan A García-Arnés, Natalia García-Casares","doi":"10.1155/jdr/9933957","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/9933957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Olfactory dysfunction and cognitive impairment (CI) have been associated with Type 2 diabetes (T2DM), but the mechanisms underlying this association are broadly unknown. This systematic review tends to investigate the relationship between the onset of olfactory dysfunction and CI in patients with T2DM and to explore the potential role of olfactory dysfunction as an early diagnosis biomarker of CI. <b>Methods:</b> We conducted a systematic review consulting PubMed and Scopus. The articles considered eligible included patients with T2DM and cognitive and olfactory test. <b>Results:</b> The search identified a total of 145 articles, of which 13 were finally selected. The majority of these studies discovered a correlation between olfactory dysfunction and CI in individuals with T2DM. Additionally, other biomarkers such as functional magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated changes in brain regions associated with the sense of smell in T2DM patients. <b>Conclusions:</b> Olfactory dysfunction could be a biomarker for early diagnosis of CI in T2DM. However, these alterations are highly heterogeneous and more studies that include neuroimaging need to be conducted.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2024 ","pages":"9933957"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11681984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age Characteristics of Patients With Type 2 Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Predictive Risk Factors for Lower Limb Amputation: A Population-Based Retrospective Study.","authors":"Yuanying Yao, Lei Chen, Yu Qian","doi":"10.1155/jdr/2380337","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/2380337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Limited data are available about the epidemiological characteristics and the risk factors for amputation, particularly in developing countries from Asia, especially in China. <b>Objective:</b> We aim to investigate the age features of patients with Type 2 diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) and analyze the critical influencing factors predicting lower extremity amputation and major amputation. <b>Methods:</b> Data were retrieved from the electric medical record system to identify patients aged > 18 years with Type 2 DFU from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2023. A logistic regression model was adopted to analyze the risk factors for amputation and major amputation. <b>Results:</b> Nine hundred eighteen patients with Type 2 DFU were eligible for our study, 68.2% of whom were male. In patients with Type 2 diabetes in the hospitals we studied, the prevalence of Type 2 DFU was 1.07%. A majority of patients with DFU were in the 70-79 age group in the winter season, and deaths also peaked in this age group. A total of 38.8% of patients aged 50-59 years underwent amputation. Vascular CTA, complications, history of amputation, and infection sites were the important contributing factors in patients with DFU lower extremity amputation. History of amputation and hemoglobin were the main influencing factors of patients with major amputation resulting from DFU. <b>Conclusion:</b> Most patients with DFU were in the age group of 50-59 years, but the majority of deaths occurred in the 70-79-year age group. Several factors influence the amputation, and those findings provide new insights into the relationship between the severity of narrowed blood vessels and the likelihood of amputation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2024 ","pages":"2380337"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11671627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic Profiling Reveals Biomarkers in Coronary Heart Disease Comorbidity.","authors":"Chunmei Geng, Benhui Liang, Zihan Kong, Lei Feng, Jianhua Wang, Qingying Si, Pei Jiang","doi":"10.1155/jdr/8559677","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/8559677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Aims:</b> Coronary heart disease (CHD), hypertension (HTN), depression (Dep), and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are often comorbid, resulting in an exacerbated patient condition and worsened prognosis. A lack of systematic metabolomic studies on comorbidities of CHD remains. Therefore, comprehensive metabolomic-based evaluation of comorbidities of CHD is necessary. <b>Methods and Results:</b> In the current study, 169 healthy subjects, 149 CHD subjects, 107 CHD + HTN subjects, 126 CHD + Dep subjects, and 58 CHD + T2DM subjects were recruited. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used for metabolite determination, and multivariate statistical analysis was conducted to identify metabolites that are differentially expressed with the comorbidities of CHD. There were 9, 16, 14, and 10 metabolites identified in the healthy and CHD group, the CHD and CHD + HTN group, the CHD and CHD + Dep group, and the CHD and CHD + T2DM group, respectively. Six metabolic pathways were affected, involving starch and sucrose metabolism; fructose and mannose metabolism; citrate cycle; alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism; fatty acid biosynthesis; and glycolysis. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our study has systematically elucidated the metabolic changes underlying the comorbidities of CHD, thereby providing insight into the mechanisms associated with these alterations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2024 ","pages":"8559677"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11671664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Young-Onset Diabetes in Sri Lanka: Experience From the Developing World.","authors":"Maulee Hiromi Arambewela, Shani A D Mathara Diddhenipothage, Chandrika Jayakanthi Subasinghe, Umesha Nuwanrasee Wijenayake, Surangi Jayakody, Gowri M Ratnayake, Charles Antonypillai, Sachith Abhayaratne, Chaminda Garusinghe, Prasad Katulanda, Noel Somasundaram, Uditha Bulugahapitiya, Manilka Sumanatilleke, Achini Wijesinghe, Dimuthu Muthukuda, Sivatharshya Pathmanathan, Tharanga Samarasekara, V T S Kaluarachchi, Gayani Samarasinghe, Nipun Lakshitha de Silva, Sumudu Nimali Seneviratne, Jananie Suntharesan, Sonali Sihindi Chapa Gunatilake","doi":"10.1155/jdr/7557153","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/7557153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Young-onset diabetes (YOD) is characterised by unique diagnostic and management challenges more pronounced in resource-limited settings like Sri Lanka. <b>Aims:</b> We aimed to ascertain the prevalence, patterns and characteristics of YOD in Sri Lanka and describe the state of care. <b>Methods:</b> Retrospective review of baseline data of all patients enrolled in the prospective multicentre Database for Young-Onset Diabetes, Sri Lanka (DYOD-SL), was performed, from April 2021 to April 2023. <b>Results:</b> A total of 2531 patient data were included from 28 centres island-wide. Females were 57.6%. The median age was 20 years (interquartile range (IQR) 17, 23), and the age at diagnosis was 15 years (IQR 12, 18). Type 1 diabetes (T1D) was the commonest (57.6%), followed by Type 2 diabetes (T2D) at 34.3%. Younger age at disease onset (<i>p</i> < 0.001), lower BMI (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at presentation (<i>p</i> < 0.001) favoured T1D. In the total cohort, the median HbA1c was 9.8% (IQR 7.8, 12.1) with younger patients having poorer control (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Prevalence of nephropathy was 8.1%, retinopathy was 6.6%, neuropathy was 4.1%, moderate-high-risk diabetic foot disease was 1.9%, and macrovascular complications were 0.5%. Hypertension and dyslipidaemia occurred in 2.7% and 14%, respectively. Among patients > 18 years, overweight and obese were 22.2% and 10.4%. Corresponding prevalence in the 5-18-year age group was 20% and 14.7%. Among the insulin users (76%) in the total cohort, the majority (64.7%) were on premixed-based insulin regimens delivered by syringes. Self-monitoring of blood glucose (BG) was reported in 71.3% of the total population. None were on continuous/flash glucose monitoring or insulin pumps. <b>Conclusion:</b> T1D was the commonest subtype of YOD in this hospital-based population. However, T2D was notably higher and is of significant concern. Overall, suboptimal glycaemic control and high rate of complications were noted along with substandard insulin regimens and BG monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2024 ","pages":"7557153"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142885836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"We Don't Have Any Clue What Will Happen to Them\": Perspectives of Women Who Had Gestational Diabetes About Long-Term Child Outcomes.","authors":"Oluwatoyin I Oladimeji, Phyllis Ohene-Agyei, Luling Lin, Nike Franke, Jenny Rogers, Caroline A Crowther, Jane E Harding","doi":"10.1155/jdr/6543458","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/6543458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In utero exposure to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with adverse long-term outcomes. Little is known about how mothers perceive these outcomes and the support they need for optimal outcomes for their children. We aimed to explore how women perceive the risk of adverse outcomes for their children exposed to GDM and the support they require for their optimal health. We conducted semistructured interviews with women who experienced GDM in at least one previous pregnancy. Data collection continued until saturation, and analysis followed an iterative thematic approach. Twenty-five mothers participated, and their perceptions about later outcomes for children exposed to GDM varied. Five themes were identified: relating GDM to the offspring's later health; reactions to the potential for poor later outcomes; impact on child growth, development, and behavior; maintaining optimal health from childhood to adulthood; and recommendations for long-term care. Most mothers received no information about potential later child outcomes; some based their views on assumptions. Some mothers who believed their children were at increased risk of poor outcomes expressed fear and worry, while others proactively ensured their children engaged in healthy lifestyle choices. Mothers emphasized the need for support within health facilities (information provision, linking antenatal with child records, and risk assessment) and in the community (social groups, home visits) to ensure optimal health of their children. These findings have potential implications for policy and practice changes to optimize later health outcomes for children exposed to GDM.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6543458"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11661868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Children, Youth, and Young Adults With Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study in New Zealand Aotearoa.","authors":"Sara Mustafa, Ryan Paul, Rawiri Keenan, Dianna Magliano, Lynne Chepulis","doi":"10.1155/jdr/9968545","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/9968545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The prevalence of diabetes mellitus among children, youth, and young adults is increasing, yet limited information is known about the characteristics and management of these groups with Type 1 (T1D) and Type 2 (T2D) diabetes in primary care. The aim of the study is to explore the characteristics of people with T1D and T2D aged < 25 years across the Auckland and Waikato regions of New Zealand. <b>Methods</b>: Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected from electronic primary care records (February 2021-July 2022) of four primary healthcare organisations, with medication data sourced from the National Pharmaceutical dataset. Associations between sociodemographic and clinical data were conducted using chi-square and nonparametric ANOVA. <b>Results:</b> Of 1198 patients, 72% had T1D and 28% had T2D. People with T1D were evenly distributed by gender but more commonly of European descent (66.7%) compared to other ethnic groups. A higher proportion of T2D was observed in females (58.2%) compared to males (41.6%) and among Māori (38.2% vs. 20.3% European; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Over 95% of individuals with T2D were overweight/obese. Overall, 9.5% and 23.9% of individuals with T1D and T2D, respectively, were at target for HbA1c, though median HbA1c was higher for Māori and Pasifika compared to other ethnicities (<i>p</i> < 0.001). In T1D, 94.7% of individuals were dispensed insulin and 7.5% and 4.4% were dispensed angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and statins, respectively. In T2D, medication use included metformin (84.9%), insulin (76.1%), and SGLT2i/GLP1RA (59.5%). <b>Conclusions</b>: The increasing burden of diabetes among young individuals in New Zealand underscores the urgent need for comprehensive strategies to address obesity and socioeconomic disparities, especially among marginalised communities. Addressing socioeconomic factors such as affordable housing, living wages, and healthcare access may be important for improving diabetes outcomes, as these factors significantly influence overall childhood health and well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2024 ","pages":"9968545"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nocturnal Light Pollution Synergistically Impairs Glucose Metabolism With Age and Weight in Monkeys.","authors":"Shuxing Wang, Xuange Cheng, Zihao Liang, Zhenyi Chen, Jiankai Zhang, Qiang Xu","doi":"10.1155/2024/5112055","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5112055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past decades, the global prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) has been increasing at an epidemic rate, yet the exact cause remains unknown. It is widely accepted that glucose metabolism can be impaired by circadian rhythms and sleep disturbances. Concurrently, exposures to light at night have been closely linked to circadian and sleep disturbances. However, there is no direct experiment on primates to demonstrate the precise extent of how serious light pollution impairs glucose metabolism, whether people will eventually become accustomed to this environment, and whether the pollution has synergistic impairing effects with aging and weight on glucose metabolism. To quantitatively address these questions, 137 cynomolgus were exposed to three distinct nocturnal light intensities for consecutive 10 months. Monthly glucose metabolism assessments were conducted. Data pertaining to the mortality rate of preexisting diabetes, incidence of light-induced diabetes and IGT, and alterations in insulin secretion were collected and analyzed. The results show that nocturnal light (1) caused premature deaths in individuals with preexisting diabetes; (2) intensity-dependently induced diabetes and IGT in previous healthy monkeys; (3) intensity-dependently reduced melatonin secretion; (4) had a synergistic impairing effect on glucose metabolism with aging and weight; and (5) although monkeys would eventually adapt to the environment, the disrupted glucose metabolism would not fully recover in most individuals. In conclusion, nocturnal light is associated with the global high prevalence of T2D and IGT. The harmful effects of light pollution on glucose metabolism are synergistic with age and weight.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5112055"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11824604/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Intricate Mechanisms of Functional Foods Oyster Mushroom and Fenugreek on Type 2 Diabetic Animal Model.","authors":"Arafat Hassan Razon, Md Alauddin, Nisat Farzana, Sanaullah Mazumdar, Md Ruhul Amin, Md Mahedi Hassan Tusher, Md Asrafuzzaman, Nahid Hasan, Mahfuzur Rahman, Muhammad Saiedullah, Begum Rokeya, Md Omar Faruque","doi":"10.1155/jdr/6209785","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/6209785","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mushrooms and fenugreek are widely used to reduce hyperglycemia, and fenugreek is also used as a culinary ingredient to enhance flavor and aroma. This study is aimed at investigating the underlying mechanisms of the hypoglycemic effects of mushrooms and fenugreek in a Type 2 diabetic rat model. Adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) functions to reduce hyperglycemia through insulin-independent pathways and protects beta-cells. Diabetic model rats were administered standard diets supplemented with 5% oyster mushroom powder (mushroom-treated (MT) group) and 5% fenugreek seed powder (fenugreek-treated (FT) group) for 8 weeks. The results showed improvements in both glycemic and lipid profiles, with both oyster mushroom and fenugreek enhancing the phosphorylation of AMPK in muscle tissue. However, no effect on insulin secretion was observed. These findings suggest that both substances reduce hyperglycemia through an insulin-independent pathway. In silico analysis of both mushroom and fenugreek seed extracts revealed bioactive compounds having a strong binding affinity to <i>α</i>-glucosidase, which suggests mushroom and fenugreek supplements might control postprandial blood glucose levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6209785"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11779994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}