Journal of Diabetes Research最新文献

{"title":"<i>β</i>-Aminoisobutyric Acid Relates to Favorable Glucose Metabolism through Adiponectin in Adults with Obesity Independent of Prediabetes.","authors":"Habiba Faiz, Emily M Heiston, Steven K Malin","doi":"10.1155/2023/4618215","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/4618215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>β</i>-Aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA) is secreted by skeletal muscle and promotes insulin sensitivity, fat oxidation, and anti-inflammation. While BAIBA is purportedly lower in individuals with obesity, no work has examined if prediabetes (PD) differentially impacts BAIBA concentrations in people with obesity. <i>Methods</i>. Adults were classified as normal glucose tolerant (NGT; <i>n</i> = 22 (20F); 48.0 ± 2.4 yrs; 36.9 ± 1.2 kg/m²) or PD (<i>n</i> = 23 (18F); 54.2 ± 1.6 yrs; 38.4 ± 1.2 kg/m²) based on ADA criteria. A 180-minute 75 g OGTT was used to estimate fasting (HOMA-IR (liver)) and postprandial (Matsuda index (muscle)) insulin sensitivity as well as <i>β</i>-cell function (disposition index (DI), glucose-stimulated insulin secretion adjusted for insulin sensitivity). Body composition and fasting measures of BAIBA, fat oxidation (indirect calorimetry), and adipokines were determined. <i>Results</i>. NGT and PD had similar BAIBA concentrations (1.4 ± 0.1 vs. 1.2 ± 0.1 <i>μ</i>M, <i>P</i> = 0.23) and fat oxidation (<i>P</i> = 0.31), despite NGT having lower fasting (92.2 ± 1.2 vs. 104.1 ± 3.2 mg/dL, <i>P</i> = 0.002) and tAUC_180min glucose (<i>P</i> < 0.001) compared to PD. Moreover, NGT had higher postprandial insulin sensitivity (<i>P</i> = 0.01) and higher total phase DI_liver (<i>P</i> = 0.003) and DI_muscle (<i>P</i> = 0.001). Increased BAIBA was associated with adiponectin (<i>r</i> = 0.37, <i>P</i> = 0.02), adiponectin/leptin ratio (<i>r</i> = 0.39, <i>P</i> = 0.01), and lower glucose and insulin at 180 minutes (<i>r</i> = -0.31, <i>P</i> = 0.03 and <i>r</i> = -0.39, <i>P</i> = 0.03, respectively). Adiponectin also correlated with lower glucose at 180 minutes (<i>r</i> = -0.45, <i>P</i> = 0.005), and mediation analysis showed that BAIBA was no longer a significant predictor of glucose at 180 minutes after controlling for adiponectin (<i>P</i> = 0.08). <i>Conclusion</i>. While BAIBA did not differ between NGT and PD, higher BAIBA is related to favorable glucose metabolism, possibly through an adiponectin-related mechanism. Additional work is required to understand how exercise and/or diet impact BAIBA in relation to type 2 diabetes risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10539091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41127783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in the Waikato Region of New Zealand: 2000-2019.","authors":"Lynne Chepulis,&nbsp;Valentina Papa,&nbsp;Chunhuan Lao,&nbsp;Justina Wu,&nbsp;Cinthia Minatel Riguetto,&nbsp;Joanna M McClintock,&nbsp;Ryan G Paul","doi":"10.1155/2023/4715783","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/4715783","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is not well characterised in New Zealand. This study is aimed at characterising the change in epidemiology and severity of DKA from 2000 to 2019 at a tertiary hospital in the Waikato region of New Zealand.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective clinical data review of all patients admitted to Waikato District Health Board hospitals with DKA was undertaken. Characteristics and severity of DKA were assessed by type of DKA admission (diagnosed at admission, nonrecurrent, and recurrent), ethnicity, social deprivation, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and length of hospital stay, with linear regression reporting on changes over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 1254 admissions for DKA (564 individual patients), two-thirds being recurrent events. Nonrecurrent DKA patients were younger, whilst recurrent admissions for DKA were associated with T1D, female gender, greater socioeconomic deprivation, and rural living (all <i>P</i> values < 0.01). DKA admission increased 8-fold between 2000 and 2019, mostly due to an increased number of recurrent events, particularly in Māori and female patients (<i>P</i> < 0.001). ICU admissions increased over time (<i>P</i> < 0.001) whilst length of hospital stay trended down (<i>P</i> = 0.031).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The rise in recurrent DKA is concerning, particularly in youth and indigenous Māori. Healthcare inequities need to be addressed, including adequate access to mental health support to ensure optimal outcomes for all patients with diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10505083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10308463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro and In Vivo Improvement of Islet Quality and Transplantation Successes following Islet Treatment with Biomaterials in Diabetic Rats.","authors":"Marzieh Nemati,&nbsp;Zahra Ebrahimi,&nbsp;Narges Karbalaei,&nbsp;Sanaz Dastghaib,&nbsp;Sara Khakshournia,&nbsp;Mojtaba Sargazi","doi":"10.1155/2023/1399917","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/1399917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Loss of islet survival and function, caused by native niche disruption and oxidative stress induction during mechanical and enzymatic isolation, limits the effectiveness of islet transplantation. Reconstitution of islet microenvironment, vascularization, and decreased oxidative stress with biomaterials may improve islet quality and graft outcomes. We investigated effects of two biomaterials, platelet-rich plasma and pancreatic islets homogenate combination on islet recovery and quality by evaluating in vitro islet survival, secretory function, and oxidative stress parameters and assessing in vivo transplantation outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In vitro, islet viability and secretory function of isolated islets were assessed after 24 h and 72 h incubation with biomaterials. Also, oxidative stress markers were measured once after isolation and 24 h after incubation with biomaterials. For evaluating in vivo effects, cultured islets for 24 h were transplanted into subscapular space of diabetic rat kidney, and outcomes were analyzed by measuring serum glucose and insulin concentrations, glucose tolerance test, level of oxidative parameters, and pancreatic gene expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treating islets with biomaterials significantly increased their viability and secretory function, reduced MDA level, and elevate SOD and CAT activity. Decreased level of glucose and MDA improved insulin level, increased SOD activity, and also enhanced pdx₁ and insulin gene expression in diabetic rats after islet transplantation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Biomaterials used in the present study should be consider as beneficial materials for increasing islet transplantation outcome. These materials may hamper transplantation limitation to some extent.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10232112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9573273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antidiabetic Medication Utilisation before and during Pregnancy in Switzerland between 2012 and 2019: An Administrative Claim Database from the MAMA Cohort.","authors":"Eva Gerbier, Guillaume Favre, Emeline Maisonneuve, Michael Ceulemans, Ursula Winterfeld, Kim Dao, Christian P R Schmid, Stephen P Jenkinson, Bartlomiej Niznik, David Baud, Julia Spoendlin, Alice Panchaud","doi":"10.1155/2023/4105993","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/4105993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The incidence of diabetes mellitus (both pregestational and gestational) is increasing worldwide, and hyperglycemia during pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Evidence on the safety and efficacy of metformin during pregnancy has accumulated resulting in an increase in its prescription in many reports.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>We aimed to determine the prevalence of antidiabetic drug use (insulins and blood glucose-lowering drugs) before and during pregnancy in Switzerland and the changes therein during pregnancy and over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a descriptive study using Swiss health insurance claims (2012-2019). We established the MAMA cohort by identifying deliveries and estimating the last menstrual period. We identified claims for any antidiabetic medication (ADM), insulins, blood glucose-lowering drugs, and individual substances within each class. We defined three groups of pattern use based on timing of dispensation: (1) dispensation of at least one ADM in the prepregnancy period and in or after trimester 2 (T2) (pregestational diabetes); (2) dispensation for the first time in or after T2 (GDM); and (3) dispensation in the prepregnancy period and no dispensation in or after T2 (discontinuers). Within the pregestational diabetes group, we further defined continuers (dispensation for the same group of ADM) and switchers (different ADM group dispensed in the prepregnancy period and in or after T2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MAMA included 104,098 deliveries with a mean maternal age at delivery of 31.7. Antidiabetic dispensations among pregnancies with pregestational and gestational diabetes increased over time. Insulin was the most dispensed medication for both diseases. Between 2017 and 2019, less than 10% of pregnancies treated for pregestational diabetes continued metformin rather than switching to insulin. Metformin was offered to less than 2% of pregnancies to treat gestational diabetes (2017-2019).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite its position in the guidelines and the attractive alternative that metformin represents to patients who may encounter barriers with insulin therapy, there was reluctance to prescribe it.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10191745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9490096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Total Testosterone Levels in Men with Newly Diagnosed Early-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study in China.","authors":"Yun Hu,&nbsp;Lu Yuan,&nbsp;Yu-Jie Bao,&nbsp;Ying Wang,&nbsp;Ting-Ting Cai,&nbsp;Jian-Hua Ma,&nbsp;Bo Ding","doi":"10.1155/2023/2082940","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/2082940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>There is a bidirectional interaction between circulating testosterone and blood glucose levels. We aim to investigate the testosterone levels in men with early-onset type 2 diabetes (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 153 drug naive men with T2DM were enrolled in the study. Early- (<i>n</i> = 63) and late-onset (<i>n</i> = 90) T2DM was classified according to age 40 years old. Clinical characteristics and plasma for biochemical criterions were collected. Gonadal hormones were measured using chemiluminescent immunometric assay. The concentrations of 3<i>β</i>- and 17<i>β</i>-HSD were determined using ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with men with late-onset T2DM, those with early-onset T2DM had lower serum total testosterone (TT), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and FSH, but higher dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) level (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The mediating effect analysis showed that the decreased TT levels in patients with early-onset T2DM were associated with the higher HbA1c, BMI, and triglyceride in these patients (both <i>p</i> < 0.05). The early-onset of T2DM directly correlated with increased DHEA-S (both <i>p</i> < 0.01). The 3<i>β</i>-HSD concentration in the early-onset T2DM group was lower than that in the late-onset T2DM group (11.07 ± 3.05 vs. 12.40 ± 2.72 pg/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.048) and was positively correlated with fasting C-peptide, while negatively correlated with HbA1c and fasting glucagon (<i>p</i> all < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with early-onset T2DM showed inhibition of conversion from DHEA to testosterone, which may attribute to the low level of 3<i>β</i>-HSD and high blood glucose in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10169243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9523185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GDF-15 Is Associated with Poor Physical Function in Prefrail Older Adults with Diabetes.","authors":"Reshma Aziz Merchant, Yiong Huak Chan, Gustavo Duque","doi":"10.1155/2023/2519128","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/2519128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) has been shown to be a metabolic and appetite regulator in diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity. We aimed to investigate (i) the association between GDF-15 and DM with and without poor physical function independent of inflammation and (ii) the prediction model for poor physical function in prefrail older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study of 108-prefrail participants ≥60 years recruited for multidomain interventions. Data was collected for demographics, cognition, function, frailty, nutrition, handgrip strength (HGS), short physical performance battery (SPPB), and gait speed. Serum concentrations of GDF-15, IL-6, and TNF-<i>α</i> were measured. GDF-15 was classified into tertiles (T1, T2, and T3), and its association was studied with DM and physical function (DM poor physical function, DM no poor physical function, no DM poor physical function, and no DM no poor physical function).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with T1, participants in T3 were significantly older, had a lower education level, had almost three times higher prevalence of DM, slower gait speed, longer chair-stand time, and lower SPPB scores. On multivariate analysis, the odds of having both DM and poor physical performance compared to having no DM and no poor physical performance were significantly higher in GDF-15 T3 vs. GDF-15 T1 (aOR 9.7, 95% CI 1.4-67.7; <i>p</i> = 0.021), and the odds of having DM no poor physical function compared to having no DM and no poor physical performance were significantly higher in GDF-15 T2 (aOR 12.7, 95% CI 1.1-143.7; <i>p</i> = 0.040) independent of BMI, IL-6, TNF-<i>α</i>, nutrition, physical function, education, age, and gender.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The association of GDF-15 with DM-associated poor physical function is independent of inflammation in prefrail older adults. Its causal-association link needs to be determined in longitudinal studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10162869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9460021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Determination Theory and Quality of Life of Adults with Diabetes: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Jacob Owusu Sarfo, Paul Obeng, Henneh Kwaku Kyereh, Edward Wilson Ansah, Priscilla Yeye Adumoah Attafuah","doi":"10.1155/2023/5341656","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2023/5341656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes is one of the leading causes of sickness, death, and decreased quality of life globally. The prevalence of diabetes keeps rising globally due to lifestyle changes and urbanization. Therefore, improved quality of life (QoL) and appropriate diabetes self-management practices, including treatment adherence, are crucial to improving and sustaining the health of diabetic patients. Some studies have adopted the self-determination theory (SDT) to study diabetes interventions, but less is known about its effectiveness in improving QoL, treatment adherence, and diabetes self-management. <i>Aim/Objective</i>. This review assessed the effectiveness of SDT in improving self-management practices, treatment adherence, and QoL among adult diabetic patients.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We followed the six-stage framework by Arksey and O'Malley in conducting the review. PubMed, JSTOR, Central, and ScienceDirect databases were searched for published articles from January 2011 to October 2021 using keywords and Boolean logic. Furthermore, we screened a reference list of related articles. Also, Google Scholar, Z-library, and web-based searches were carried out to retrieve other relevant evidence that applied SDT in improving QoL, diabetes self-management, and treatment adherence. <i>Findings</i>. Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria, from which data were extracted as findings. SDT effectively improved QoL, diabetes treatment adherence, and diabetes self-management among diabetic patients. Of these studies, 11 provided data on SDT and diabetes self-management and affirmed the effectiveness of the theory in improving appropriate diabetes self-management practices. Two studies confirmed the effectiveness of SDT in improving treatment adherence. SDT and QoL were assessed in 4 of the studies, which demonstrated the effectiveness of SDT in enhancing the QoL of diabetic patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SDT effectively improved QoL, diabetes treatment adherence, and diabetes self-management. The application of SDT in diabetes management will improve the health and QoL of diabetic patients. Hence, diabetes management interventions could adopt SDT to guide treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10115521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9388151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity Mediates the Association between Increased Age and Risk of Sarcopenia among Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Jiahong Jiang,&nbsp;Ping Zhang,&nbsp;Zijun Zhou,&nbsp;Zeru Xu,&nbsp;Xiang Hu,&nbsp;Weihui Yu,&nbsp;Feifei Jiang,&nbsp;Yang Pan,&nbsp;Fei Wang,&nbsp;Jing Hong,&nbsp;Tingting Ye,&nbsp;Ke Xu,&nbsp;Hong Zhu","doi":"10.1155/2023/3786342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3786342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Arterial stiffness and sarcopenia are commonly seen in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and both are age-related diseases. However, few studies have addressed the causal relationship between age, arterial stiffness, and sarcopenia, especially in patients with T2DM. This study is aimed at investigating the relationship among age, arterial stiffness, and sarcopenia in patients with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>This cross-sectional study enrolled 557 inpatients with diabetes at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China, between June 2020 and July 2021. Patients who were diagnosed with T2DM and underwent examination of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, handgrip strength, 6-meter walk speed, and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV, a recognized indicator of arterial stiffness) were enrolled. A total of 447 patients were included. A dose-dependent relationship was found between age and sarcopenia. We also found a dose-dependent relationship between age and baPWV. Similarly, significant dose-dependent relationships were found across baPWV tertiles with higher prevalence of sarcopenia. Then, a mediation analysis was performed to explore the mediation effect of arterial stiffness on age-associated sarcopenia. We found that the prevalence of sarcopenia increased by 0.0115 (95% CI, 0.0028-0.0239) per 1 year increase in age by the mediation effect of baPWV and that the direct effect of aging on sarcopenia was 0.0441 (95% CI, 0.0101-0.0909) per 1 year older. baPWV mediated 20.5% of the positive relationship between increased age and the prevalence of sarcopenia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated baPWV partially mediates the association of age and sarcopenia among patients with T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9839409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9314075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of MicroRNA-146a with Type 1 and 2 Diabetes and their Related Complications.","authors":"Mahyar Ghaffari,&nbsp;Sara Razi,&nbsp;Hamidreza Zalpoor,&nbsp;Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi,&nbsp;Fariba Mohebichamkhorami,&nbsp;Hakimeh Zali","doi":"10.1155/2023/2587104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2587104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most medical investigations have found a reduced blood level of miR-146a in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients, suggesting an important role for miR-146a (microRNA-146a) in the etiology of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its consequences. Furthermore, injection of miR-146a mimic has been confirmed to alleviate diabetes mellitus in diabetic animal models. In this line, deregulation of miR-146a expression has been linked to the progression of nephropathy, neuropathy, wound healing, olfactory dysfunction, cardiovascular disorders, and retinopathy in diabetic patients. In this review, besides a comprehensive review of the function of miR-146a in DM, we discussed new findings on type 1 (T1MD) and type 2 (T2DM) diabetes mellitus, highlighting the discrepancies between clinical and preclinical investigations and elucidating the biological pathways regulated through miR-146a in DM-affected tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10005876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9178983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone Mineral Density in Adult Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Assessed by Both DXA and QCT.","authors":"Eleftheria Barmpa,&nbsp;Spyridon Karamagkiolis,&nbsp;Stelios Tigas,&nbsp;Parthena Navrozidou,&nbsp;Marianna Vlychou,&nbsp;Ioannis Fezoulidis,&nbsp;Georgios N Koukoulis,&nbsp;Alexandra Bargiota","doi":"10.1155/2023/8925956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8925956","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured in uncomplicated young adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and sex- and age-matched controls, using both dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and quantitative computed tomography (QCT) to investigate their diagnostic ability in detecting abnormal values in these patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>118 patients with T1DM (65 females, mean age 30.12 ± 8.78 years) and 94 sex- and age-matched controls were studied. BMD was assessed in all participants by DXA and QCT at lumbar spine (LS). Biochemical markers of bone metabolism were also measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>T1DM was associated with lower BMD at L1-L3 vertebrae measured by both DXA and QCT and lower bone turnover compared to sex- and age-matched controls. In T1DM subjects, QCT detected more patients with abnormal BMD values compared to DXA. BMI and HbA1c levels were the only determinants of BMD. Bone turnover markers were lower in patients with longer duration of diabetes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>QCT provides a higher sensitivity compared to DXA in detecting abnormal BMD values in patients with uncomplicated T1DM. In these patients, the diabetes-related decreased BMD may be present early, before it is detected by DXA, the clinical gold standard for BMD measurements, and before the presence of any other diabetes complications, stressing the importance of an early intervention for fracture prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10287513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9719884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}