Journal of Diabetes Research最新文献

{"title":"Machine-Learning-Based Prediction of Hypertension and Its Risk Factors Among Adults in the Northern Region of Bangladesh.","authors":"Most Nusrat Jahan Resma, Md Kabir Bin Karim, Isteaq Kabir Sifat, Md Abdul Kayum, Md Kaderi Kibria","doi":"10.1155/jdr/1799434","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/1799434","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertension (HTN) is a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality globally. Its burden is rising in low- and middle-income countries like Bangladesh. Despite its rising prevalence, predictive modeling of HTN using advanced analytical approaches remains limited in rural populations. This study is aimed at predicting HTN and identifying its key risk factors among adults in Dinajpur District, Bangladesh, using machine-learning (ML) techniques. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 1026 adults aged ≥ 30 years between December 2024 and February 2025. Data on sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics were collected through a structured questionnaire. Feature selection was performed using recursive feature elimination (RFE), Boruta-based feature selection (BFS), and random forest (RF) methods. Five ML algorithms such as logistic regression, decision tree, RF, extreme gradient boosting, and light gradient boosting machine were trained and evaluated based on accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and area under the curve (AUC). SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) analysis was employed to interpret model outputs. The prevalence of HTN among participants was 36.5%. The RF model achieved the highest predictive performance with 72% accuracy, 71% precision, 72% recall, 71% F1 score, and an AUC of 0.80. Thirteen significant predictors were identified, with age, body weight, sweets consumption, vigorous activity, education, family size, height, and family income emerging as the most influential determinants. These findings demonstrate the potential of ML models in predicting HTN and identifying modifiable risk factors. The results provide actionable insights to support early detection, targeted interventions, and effective resource allocation for HTN prevention and control in rural Bangladesh.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e1799434"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13140386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147491294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Focusing on the Apolipoprotein M-Mitophagy Axis: A Mechanism for Renal Protection in Diabetic Nephropathy.","authors":"Tianlei Chen, Min Yang","doi":"10.1155/jdr/1498605","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/1498605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a predominant cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), is primarily driven bfigolic disturbances and mitochondrial dysfunction. Apolipoprotein M (ApoM), a protein associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL), is notably downregulated in DN and is correlated with a decline in renal function. Recent studies have identified a protective bidirectional axis between ApoM and mitophagy, the selective autophagy of mitochondria. ApoM, chiefly through its role as a carrier for sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), enhances mitophagy by activating the silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and parkin induced kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin pathways, thereby improving mitochondrial quality control. Conversely, mitophagy facilitates ApoM synthesis by supplying sufficient adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for its production and the assembly of HDL. In the context of DN, hyperglycemia disrupts this reciprocal relationship, leading to a detrimental cycle of impaired mitophagy and reduced ApoM, which exacerbates renal injury. Targeting the ApoM-mitophagy axis through ApoM enhancement or mitophagy activation emerges as a promising therapeutic approach for personalized renal protection in DN. This review synthesizes the mechanistic interplay between lipid metabolism and mitochondrial quality control, emphasizing its translational potential and the necessity for further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e1498605"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13140417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147486168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collaboration Around Technology Using Community Health Workers in Type 1 Diabetes (CATCH-T1D): Protocol and Preliminary Results for a Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Shivani Agarwal, Molly Finnan, Kevin P Fiori, Ashby Walker, Clyde Schechter, Renee Whiskey, Andrew Telzak, Charlotte Chen, Jovan Milosavljevic, Astou Talla, Steven Sanchez, Priyanka Mathias, Judith A Long","doi":"10.1155/jdr/8785953","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/8785953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes technology use in Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is the standard of care given broad biological and psychosocial benefits. Hispanic and Non-Hispanic Black young adults are the fastest-growing demographic with T1D in the United States and face inequity in technology use, leading to poor outcomes. We explored whether community health workers (CHWs) could coaddress unmet social needs and navigation of T1D technology to improve standard of care and outcomes in this high-risk population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The collaboration around technology using community health workers in Type 1 diabetes (CATCH-T1D) intervention enhances the CHW model by integrating social needs management with T1D technology navigation. CHWs trained at the Montefiore-Einstein CHW Institute navigate YA with T1D to technology by offering information access, shared decision-making, and health system-pharmacy coordination. We are performing an ongoing trial testing CATCH-T1D against usual care using a 9-month hybrid effectiveness-implementation design for 130 Hispanic and/or non-Hispanic Black young adults (18-35 years) with T1D at Montefiore Medical Center in the Bronx.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and eighteen participants have been randomized (48% F, 67% Hispanic, 72% Medicaid, mean HbA1c: 9.2%). Thus far, CHWs have conducted 476 follow-up encounters and resolved 24% of identified health-related social needs. Postintervention interviews showed high participant satisfaction and increased engagement with diabetes self-management due to CHWs' flexible communication, support with diabetes technology, and assistance with social needs, fostering trust in the healthcare system.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>CATCH-T1D is a specialized CHW model that simultaneously addresses social needs and navigation to diabetes technology, with potential to provide a new scalable model of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e8785953"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13062503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147638911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Serum Bilirubin Levels With Histopathological Severity of Diabetic Nephropathy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Biopsy Study.","authors":"Xiaorong Wang, Congqin Zhang, Chunxia Zhang, Yongmei Hao, Lingling Xing, Chang Guo, Lin Mu","doi":"10.1155/jdr/2435997","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/2435997","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prior studies have suggested that serum total bilirubin (TBil) may be linked to diabetic nephropathy (DN); however, its potential relationship with structural renal injury in histopathology has not been well defined.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of the study is to explore whether physiological levels of TBil are associated with the severity of renal pathological changes in individuals with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and biopsy-confirmed DN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional cohort of 401 individuals with T2DM and biopsy-confirmed DN was included. DN severity was determined according to the Renal Pathology Society classification and categorized as early-stage DN (Classes I-II) or advanced DN (Classes III-IV). Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between TBil and advanced DN. TBil quartiles, restricted cubic spline modeling, subgroup and sensitivity analyses, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were also performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 401 biopsy-confirmed DN patients, 258 (64.3%) were classified as having advanced DN. In multivariable models, higher TBil levels were independently associated with lower odds of advanced DN after full adjustment (OR = 0.882, 95% CI 0.827-0.941; p < 0.001). When TBil was analyzed by quartiles, individuals in the highest quartile exhibited significantly lower odds of advanced-stage disease relative to those in the lowest quartile in the fully adjusted model (OR = 0.331, 95% CI 0.153-0.718; p = 0.005), with a notable dose-response pattern across quartiles (p for trend = 0.003). Restricted cubic spline analyses confirmed an inverse association between TBil levels and advanced DN. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified a TBil cutoff of 9.9 μmol/L for discriminating advanced DN, with an area under the curve of 0.684. The results were broadly consistent across subgroup and sensitivity analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher physiological TBil levels were linked to lower histopathological severity of DN in patients with Type 2 diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e2435997"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13396876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and Facilitators to the Delivery of Physical Activity Promotion by Healthcare Professionals for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review Using the Theoretical Domains Framework.","authors":"Emma Gibson, Angela Tufte-Hewett, Atiya Kamal","doi":"10.1155/jdr/4048417","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/4048417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical activity is an integral component in the treatment and management of Type 2 diabetes. It is recommended that healthcare professionals (HCPs) promote physical activity to patients with Type 2 diabetes; however, they report many challenges to doing this in practice.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This systematic review is aimed at identifying HCPs' barriers and facilitators to promoting physical activity among adults with Type 2 diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A mixed-methods systematic review (MMSR) was conducted using a convergent integrated approach, following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodological procedures. MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science and grey literature were searched from 1951 to 2020, with updates in 2024. Studies were excluded if they lacked HCPs' views on Type 2 diabetes care or were not in English, but no study design restrictions were applied. Barriers and facilitators were coded to the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF); each domain was ranked for importance, and an inductive thematic synthesis was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 29 primary studies were included in the review. Barriers were reported across 11 TDF domains and facilitators across eight. Key findings within these TDF domains include insufficient time and resources to promote physical activity, a lack of organisational support, lack of knowledge and skills, challenges related to patient comorbidities/complications and HCPs' perceptions of their roles and responsibilities in promoting physical activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings highlight the need for change at HCP, organisational and environmental levels. Key improvements include clearer roles for promoting physical activity, system-embedded prompts and the integration of disease-specific modules into medical training.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e4048417"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13140809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression Signatures of Vascular Complication-Associated Proteins in Type 2 Diabetes: A Multiomics Analysis From the FIELD Study.","authors":"Habib Francis, Andrzej S Januszewski, Abubakar S Mangani, Matthew B O Rourke, Michael L H Huang, Fahmida K Ema, Anandwardhan A Hardikar, Mugdha V Joglekar, David R Sullivan, Ronald C W Ma, Sanjeev Galande, Val Gebski, Michael D Emden, R John Simes, Alicia J Jenkins, Mark P Molloy, Anthony C Keech","doi":"10.1155/jdr/2756059","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/2756059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of the study is to integrate targeted transcriptomic analyses of previously identified biomarker proteins (proteomic findings) to better understand vascular complications (Cx) in Type 2 diabetes (T2D).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Total RNA was extracted from baseline citrate plasma samples of 543 individuals with T2D from the Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes (FIELD) trial. Among these, 224 participants had microvascular Cx, 142 had macrovascular Cx (51 had both types of Cx) and 228 had no Cx (control group). mRNA expression was quantified using the OpenArray platform and group differences were analysed using ΔΔct values. Neutrophil elastase (NE) protein levels were measured in baseline plasma by ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven genes were retained for focused analysis. For microCx, the largest gene expression differences were observed for clusterin (~2-fold upregulation) and integrin alpha-IIb (~50% downregulation), compared with the control group. For macroCx, clusterin exhibited the strongest upregulation (~2.5-fold), whereas apolipoprotein F showed the greatest downregulation (~20%). Comparative analysis of proteomic and transcriptomic data across study groups revealed that only 32% of gene expression differences were mirrored at the protein level. NE levels were highest in the microCx group and were significantly elevated versus control only in that group; NE levels also correlated inversely with circulating actin protein expression (R² = 0.92).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combining proteomic and targeted plasma transcriptomic data provides exploratory insights into biological processes associated with vascular complications in T2D and highlights NE as a candidate component of a proteolytic pathway for further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e2756059"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13382072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148520565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing Patient Decision Aids for Insulin Initiation in China: What are the Barriers and Facilitators? A TDF-Based Qualitative Study.","authors":"Dan Yang, Hongzhan Jiang, Meiqi Meng, Ziyan Wang, Wanting Shen, Hongxin Liu, Haiou Yang, Xuejing Li, Yufang Hao","doi":"10.1155/jdr/2842572","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/2842572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>When oral antidiabetic drugs are insufficient to achieve glycemic control in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), patients face the decision of whether to initiate insulin therapy. Patient decision aids (PtDAs) facilitate shared decision-making (SDM) by supporting informed, preference-congruent choices about insulin initiation. However, PtDA implementation in China remains challenging, with limited understanding of context-specific barriers.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study is aimed at identifying the barriers and facilitators to implementing PtDAs for supporting informed decisions about insulin initiation in T2DM management in China, from the perspectives of key interest holders (patients, endocrinologists, nurses).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative descriptive study was conducted using semistructured interviews guided by the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). A purposive sample of 26 participants (10 patients with T2DM, 6 physicians, and 10 nurses) was recruited from a university-affiliated hospital in Beijing. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using a framework analysis approach assisted by NVivo.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen barriers and five facilitators were identified for healthcare professionals, whereas six barriers and five facilitators were identified for patients. Key barriers included a lack of knowledge about PtDAs and insufficient skills for their use among both groups. Notable barriers related to social/professional role and identity were found, with physicians often self-identifying as sole \"decision-makers\" and nurses expressing role ambiguity regarding SDM. The absence of reinforcement mechanisms and concerns about increased workload and limited resources were substantial organizational barriers. Facilitators included positive beliefs about PtDAs' consequences and the readiness of nurses, whose established health education practices position them as potential champions for implementation. Patients demonstrated a positive intention to use PtDAs once their purpose was understood.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The implementation of a PtDA for informed decision-making about insulin initiation in T2DM patients in China is influenced by a complex array of factors. Moving beyond the common barrier of time constraints, this study highlights foundational gaps in knowledge, skills, and role alignment as primary hurdles. A multifaceted implementation strategy is essential, comprising comprehensive education and training, clear role delineation, adaptation of PtDAs to fit clinical workflows, and strong organizational commitment with integrated monitoring and support.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e2842572"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13343304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148404969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tirzepatide in Metabolically Dysfunctional-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH): A Bibliometric and Evidence-Based Review.","authors":"Ileana Pantea, Angela Repanovici","doi":"10.1155/jdr/1853763","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/1853763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Metabolically-dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is the progressive form of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and is strongly linked to obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Tirzepatide, a dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)/glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, has emerged as a promising therapeutic option due to its profound metabolic effects and potential hepatic benefits. This study integrates bibliometric mapping with current clinical evidence to evaluate tirzepatide's role in MASLD/MASH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A bibliometric search was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection (2018-2025) using predefined keywords related to tirzepatide and metabolic liver disease. Twenty-five full-text publications-including randomized controlled trials, post hoc analyses, meta-analyses, mechanistic reviews, and international guidelines-were systematically reviewed. Co-occurrence networks were generated using VOSviewer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Scientific output on tirzepatide and MASLD/MASH has increased rapidly since 2020, with thematic clusters centered on metabolic regulation, hepatic inflammation, and fibrosis. Clinical evidence shows that tirzepatide induces substantial weight loss, improves glycaemic control, and reduces hepatic biomarkers such as ALT, AST, K 18, and Pro C3. The SYNERGY-nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) trial demonstrated high rates of MASH resolution without fibrosis worsening and meaningful fibrosis regression at 52 weeks. Network meta-analyses position tirzepatide among the most effective therapies currently available. Recent EASL-EASD-EASO guidelines recommend tirzepatide for MASLD patients with obesity, T2D, or cardiometabolic risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Tirzepatide combines potent metabolic effects with significant hepatic improvements, positioning it as a promising therapy for MASLD/MASH. Although long-term and phase III data are still needed, current evidence supports tirzepatide as a key component of modern metabolic liver disease management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e1853763"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13068985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147654315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Coenzyme Q10 on Lipid, Glycemic, and Inflammatory Markers in Metabolic Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Zhuo Zhang, Zhuo Liu, Yuli Geng, Yanjing Huang, Runan Hu, Fan Li, Yufan Song, Mingmin Zhang","doi":"10.1155/jdr/5587445","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/5587445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The rising prevalence of metabolic disorders characterized by dyslipidemia and impaired glucose metabolism has increased interest in effective nutritional supplements. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on lipid profile, glycemic control, and inflammatory markers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Random-effects models were applied to pool weighted mean differences (WMDs) or standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 64 RCTs (3422 participants) were included. Lipid profile: CoQ10 supplementation significantly improved blood triglyceride (TG, WMD = -5.67 mg/dL; 95% CI: -10.57, -0.77; p = 0.023), total cholesterol (TC, WMD = -4.86 mg/dL; 95% CI: -8.41, -1.30; p = 0.007), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, WMD = 1.07 mg/dL; 95% CI: 0.22, 1.92; p = 0.013), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, WMD = -3.98 mg/dL; 95% CI: -7.00, -0.97; p = 0.010). Glycemic control: CoQ10 significantly reduced hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c, WMD = -0.22%; 95% CI: -0.37, -0.06; p = 0.006), fasting glucose (WMD = -10.07 mg/dL; 95% CI: -14.75, -5.39; p < 0.001), fasting insulin (FINS, WMD = -2.94 μIU/mL; 95% CI: -4.63, -1.25; p = 0.001), and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, WMD = -0.82; 95% CI: -1.36, -0.28; p = 0.003). Inflammatory markers: CoQ10 significantly decreased C-reactive protein (CRP, WMD = -0.44 mg/L; 95% CI: -0.79, -0.09; p = 0.013), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α, SMD = -1.01; 95% CI: -1.56, -0.64; p = 0.013), and interleukin-6 (IL-6, SMD = -0.42; 95% CI: -0.79, -0.05; p = 0.027) levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CoQ10 supplementation has beneficial effects on lipid metabolism, glycemic control, and inflammation among individuals with metabolic disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e5587445"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13212042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148031352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network Pharmacology Combined With Gut Microbiome and Serum Metabolomics Reveals the Therapeutic Mechanisms of Hydroxysafflor Yellow A in Diabetic Kidney Disease.","authors":"Pingping Wang, Xinyu Liu, Wen Sun, Xueyun Dong, Jiajun Tan, Min Chen, Jiayuan He, Asmaa Ali, Liang Wu, Keke Shao","doi":"10.1155/jdr/2131566","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/2131566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a severe complication of diabetes, primarily driven by chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSY), a bioactive compound derived from Carthamus tinctorius L., demonstrates promising renoprotective effects. However, its mechanisms, especially through modulation of the gut-kidney axis, remain poorly understood. This study employed a combination of network pharmacology, a high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic mouse model, 16S rRNA sequencing, and serum metabolomics to explore the therapeutic mechanisms of HSY. Renal function, oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut microbiota composition were evaluated. HSY significantly alleviated renal injury by reducing blood glucose, creatinine, and urea nitrogen levels (p  < 0.05), while enhancing renal antioxidant enzyme activity (GSH, SOD, CAT). Inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-1β) and AGE-RAGE signaling were suppressed. Analysis of the gut microbiota revealed that HSY enriched SCFA-producing genera (e.g., Lactobacillus, Alloprevotella) and decreased the abundance of Schaedlerella. Serum metabolomics further indicated that HSY modulated riboflavin metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and steroid hormone biosynthesis, thereby linking microbial metabolites to renal protection. Spearman correlation analysis revealed strong associations between specific gut microbiota (e.g., Prevotella) and serum metabolites (e.g., eicosapentaenoic acid). HSY mitigates DKD by targeting AGE-RAGE-mediated inflammation, oxidative stress, and gut microbiota dysbiosis while correcting metabolic disturbances. This study offers a novel multi-omics approach to understanding HSY's renoprotective effects, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for DKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e2131566"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13045261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147592592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}