Journal of Diabetes Research最新文献

{"title":"Application and Progression of Single-Cell RNA Sequencing in Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetes Complications.","authors":"Jiajing Hong, Shiqi Lu, Guohui Shan, Yaoran Yang, Bailin Li, Dongyu Yang","doi":"10.1155/jdr/3248350","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/3248350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes is a systemic metabolic disorder primarily caused by insulin deficiency and insulin resistance, leading to chronic hyperglycemia. Prolonged diabetes can result in metabolic damage to multiple organs, including the heart, brain, liver, muscles, and adipose tissue, thereby causing various chronic fatal complications such as diabetic retinopathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and diabetic nephropathy. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a valuable tool for investigating the cell diversity and pathogenesis of diabetes and identifying potential therapeutic targets in diabetes or diabetes complications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent applications of scRNA-seq in diabetes-related researches and highlights novel biomarkers and immunotherapy targets with cell-type information for diabetes and its associated complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"3248350"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid Profile Abnormalities in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital, Tanzania: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Justine Mlonga, Donath Damian","doi":"10.1155/jdr/9966933","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/9966933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Type 2 diabetes mellitus poses global health challenges due to insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia. Understanding demographic characteristics and lipid profiles among diabetic patients is crucial for effective management and risk reduction. This study analyzes demographic distribution, gender representation, and lipid profile variations among Type 2 diabetes patients at the Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital, aiming at informing tailored interventions to improve outcomes and mitigate cardiovascular risks associated with dyslipidemia. <b>Methods:</b> This retrospective study analyzed data from 311 Type 2 diabetes patients at the Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital. Demographic data including age and gender were recorded, and lipid profiles (triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein) were assessed using standard clinical measurements. Statistical analyses determined frequency distributions of age groups, gender proportions, and lipid profile categories. Associations between lipid profiles and demographic factors were also examined. <b>Results:</b> The study cohort predominantly consisted of patients aged 60-69 years (35.05%), with females slightly outnumbering males (54.02% vs. 45.98%). Triglyceride levels ≥ 150 mg/dL were observed in 43% of patients, primarily in older age groups. While 72% of patients had high - density lipoprotein levels ≥ 35 mg/dL, this percentage declined with age. Low - density lipoprotein levels ≥ 130 mg/dL were prevalent in 41.77% of patients, indicating a notable proportion with elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Higher levels of high-density lipoprotein were associated with better glycemic control, as indicated by lower glycated hemoglobin levels (< 6.5%), although the relationship between high-density lipoprotein and cardiovascular outcomes remains unclear. <b>Conclusion:</b> This study reveals significant demographic and lipid profile variations among Type 2 diabetes patients at the Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital, influenced by aging. Tailored management strategies considering age- and gender-specific trends in lipid profiles could optimize glycemic control and reduce cardiovascular risks associated with Type 2 diabetes, thereby enhancing overall patient outcomes and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9966933"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes Screening in the Emergency Department: Development of a Predictive Model for Elevated Hemoglobin A1c.","authors":"Mary H Smart, Janet Y Lin, Brian T Layden, Yuval Eisenberg, A Simon Pickard, Lisa K Sharp, Kirstie K Danielson, Angela Kong","doi":"10.1155/jdr/8830658","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/8830658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aims:</b> We developed a prediction model for elevated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) among patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) at risk for diabetes to identify important factors that may influence follow-up patient care. <b>Methods:</b> Retrospective electronic health records data among patients screened for diabetes at the ED in May 2021 was used. The primary outcome was elevated HbA1c (≥ 5.7%). The data was divided into a derivation set (80%) and a test set (20%) stratified by elevated HbA1c. In the derivation set, we estimated the optimal significance level for backward elimination using a 10-fold cross-validation method. A final model was derived using the entire derivation set and validated on the test set. Performance statistics included C-statistic, sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, Hosmer-Lemeshow test, and Brier score. <b>Results:</b> There were 590 ED patients screened for diabetes in May 2021. The final model included nine variables: age, race/ethnicity, insurance, chief complaints of back pain and fever/chills, and a past medical history of obesity, hyperlipidemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and substance misuse. Adequate model discrimination (C-statistic = 0.75; sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values > 0.70), no evidence of model ill fit (Hosmer-Lemeshow test = 0.29), and moderate Brier score (0.21) suggest acceptable model performance. <b>Conclusion:</b> In addition to age, obesity, and hyperlipidemia, a history of substance misuse was identified as an important predictor of elevated HbA1c levels among patients screened for diabetes in the ED. Our findings suggest that substance misuse may be an important factor to consider when facilitating follow-up care for patients identified with prediabetes or diabetes in the ED and warrants further investigation. Future research efforts should also include external validation in larger samples of ED patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8830658"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11922610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study Identifies No Genetic Link Between Psoriasis and Diabetes.","authors":"Jing Li, Min Li, Shoufang Kong, Chunmei Zhong, Danting Sun, Lili Zhang","doi":"10.1155/jdr/9917071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jdr/9917071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epidemiological studies proposed a bidirectional link between psoriasis (Ps) and diabetes mellitus (DM); their causal relationship remains inadequately explored. We obtained summary statistics of genome-wide association analyses for Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and Ps from individuals of European ancestry by accessing the UK Biobank and FinnGen datasets. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was utilized as the primary method. Additional analyses included debiased IVW (dIVW), constrained maximum likelihood with model averaging, robust adjusted profile score, Mendelian randomization (MR)-Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode. Moreover, sensitivity tests were conducted, including Cochran's <i>Q</i>, MR pleiotropy residual sum, and outlier analyses. Eventually, bidirectional MR was conducted to examine the possibility of a causal link between Ps and DM. No significant causal associations were indicated between DM and Ps. Moreover, there was no causal link between Ps and T1DM. Although certain positive correlations were identified between Ps and T2DM, aggregate evidence remains insufficient to establish a causal relationship. The results demonstrated no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy between genetic variants. Furthermore, a leave-one-out test validated the stability and robustness of this correlation. Our study identifies no genetic causal effect of Ps on DM and of DM on Ps in European ancestry. Additional research is warranted to verify the presence of an association between Ps and DM in diverse populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9917071"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143969593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing the Mechanisms of Shikonin Against Diabetic Wounds: A Combined Network Pharmacology and In Vitro Investigation.","authors":"Meng Tian, Junchao Wu, Qian Du, Jiale Han, Meng Yang, Xiang Li, Mingzhu Li, Xiaofeng Ding, Yeqiang Song","doi":"10.1155/jdr/4656485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jdr/4656485","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Shikonin (SHK) possesses extensive pharmacological effects including antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties for diabetic wound (DW), while its molecular mechanism remains to be clarified. In this study, we investigated the potential mechanisms of SHK in treating DW by combining network pharmacology and in vitro experiments. <b>Methods:</b> We obtained potential targets for SHK and DW from the publicly available database. Based on the interaction network and conducting GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, we constructed a target pathway network to explore the relationship between SHK and DW. To validate the mechanism of SHK, we established an in vitro experimental model. <b>Results:</b> Sixty intersecting targets between SHK and DW were obtained, and the top 10 targets of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network included AKT1, SRC, EGFR, CASP3, MMP9, PPARG, ESR1, ANXA5, MMP2, and JAK2. Based on target-pathway networks, the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway was found to be a signaling pathway with low <i>p</i> value in enrichment analysis. In vitro experiments revealed that SHK significantly promoted angiogenesis. Meanwhile, SHK could inhibit the high glucose-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell dysfunction through regulating the PI3K-AKT pathway. <b>Conclusion:</b> This study initially revealed the molecular mechanism of SHK in DW by multitarget and multipathway. The PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and AGE-RAGE signaling pathways may be the main pathways of SHK in treating DW.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"4656485"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144008029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Joint Effects of Physical Activity and Body Mass Index on Prevalent Diabetes in a Nationally Representative Sample of 1.9 Million US Adults.","authors":"David Abernethy, Jason Bennie, Toby Pavey","doi":"10.1155/jdr/7466757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jdr/7466757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> To investigate the joint effects of physical activity (PA) and body mass index (BMI) on prevalent diabetes mellitus in a nationally representative sample of US adults. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Data were pooled from five US Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) surveys from 2011 to 2019. Cross-sectional associations between independent and combined PA and BMI status and diabetes were analysed using Poisson's log-linear regression with a robust-error variance, reported by adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs). These models were adjusted for relevant sociodemographic, behavioral, and health-related factors. <b>Results:</b> Data was available for 1,913,732 individuals (≥ 18 years). Considering individuals highly active and with normal weight as the reference group, there was an association between decreasing levels of PA and increasing BMI and diabetes prevalence. APRs ranged from APR = 1.09 (nonactive, normal weight group; 95% CI = 1.09-1.09), 1.67 (nonactive, overweight group; 95% CI = 1.67-1.67), 2.23 (nonactive, Class I obesity group; 95% CI = 2.23-2.23), 2.71 (nonactive, Class II obesity group; 95% CI = 2.71-2.71), and 3.17 (nonactive, Class III obesity group; 95% CI = 3.16-3.17). <b>Conclusions:</b> BMI appears to be a substantially larger predictor of diabetes compared to PA in a large population-level sample of US adults. PA provided modest reductions in the prevalence of diabetes but did not attenuate the detrimental impact of overweight and increasing levels of obesity on diabetes prevalence.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7466757"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144023876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lymphocyte Subsets and Cytokine Changes in Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Wang Yu, Huang Miao, Yunhui Gong","doi":"10.1155/jdr/3494697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jdr/3494697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a major health concern during pregnancy, affecting both the mother and the baby. Immune system alterations, particularly changes in lymphocyte subsets and cytokine profiles, have been associated with the pathophysiology of various metabolic disorders, including diabetes. This study is aimed at systematically reviewing the literature on the changes in lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in GDM. <b>Methods:</b> In this systematic review, we applied specific criteria to select observational studies (such as case-controls, cross-sectionals, or cohorts) that focused on pregnant women. We performed an extensive search across electronic databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar, from January 1, 2010, to March 20, 2024. <b>Results:</b> A total of 19 articles, with 2517 participants (1128 with GDM and 1389 without GDM), were included in the qualitative synthesis. Due to high heterogeneity among the articles, a meta-analysis was not conducted. The studies assessed 35 different lymphocyte subsets or proportions. The most commonly assessed subsets were CD3+ T cell (five articles, mostly no difference between GDM and non-GDM), CD4+ T cell (five articles with contradictory results), CD8+ T cell (four articles with contradictory results), B cell and NK cell (three articles, mostly no difference between GDM and non-GDM), and Tregs (three articles with contradictory results). Additionally, 32 cytokines or proportions were assessed in the studies. The most commonly assessed cytokines were IL-6 (eight articles, higher or similar levels in GDM compared to non-GDM), TNF-<i>α</i> (seven articles, mostly higher or similar levels in GDM compared to non-GDM), IL-10 (six articles, mostly no difference between GDM and non-GDM), IL-2 (three articles, mostly no difference between GDM and non-GDM), and IFN-<i>γ</i> (three articles with contradictory results). <b>Conclusion:</b> According to the results, there were no significant changes in CD3+ T cells, B cells, NK cells, IL-10, and IL-2 in GDM. However, the levels of IL-6 and TNF-<i>α</i> were higher or similar in GDM compared to non-GDM. The changes of other lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in GDM remained unclear.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"3494697"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Smartphone Application-Based Self-Management Interventions Compared to Face-to-Face Diabetic Interventions for Pregnant Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Thet Nu Khin, Wen Wei Ang, Ying Lau","doi":"10.1155/jdr/4422330","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/4422330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Face-to-face diabetic interventions (FFIs) are the gold standard for diabetic care, and smartphone application (app)-based self-management interventions (SBIs) can be a potential alternative. A few previous reviews compared the effects of both practices. <b>Objectives:</b> This study is aimed at (1) comparing the effectiveness of FFIs and SBIs on maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and (2) exploring potential covariates affecting those outcomes. <b>Methods:</b> Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to January 15, 2024. Meta-analyses, subgroup analyses, and metaregression analyses were conducted using the <i>R</i> software package <i>meta</i>, Version 4.3.1. Cochrane risk of bias Version 2 (RoB2) and grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) criteria were employed to appraise the quality of studies and certainty of outcomes. <b>Results:</b> We selected 15 RCTs from 2505 women with GDM across 11 countries for this review. The meta-analyses revealed that women in the SBIs can significantly reduce gestation weight gain (<i>t</i> = -2.45, <i>p</i> = 0.04) and macrosomia (<i>t</i> = -3.35, <i>p</i> = 0.02) when compared to those in the FFIs. We observed a higher likelihood of cesarean delivery when using generic apps (RR = 1.12, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.59, 2.13) than GDM-specific apps (RR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.64, 1.06). There was similar fasting plasma glucose, 2-h postprandial plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), cesarean section delivery rate, neonatal birthweight, large for gestational age, neonatal hypoglycemia, and neonatal intensive care unit admission between SBIs and FFIs. More than half (52%) were rated low risk based on RoB2. According to the GRADE criteria, very low to moderate evidence was found. <b>Conclusions:</b> SBIs can be considered an alternative management method for women with GDM to reap the benefits of smartphone apps. More high-quality RCTs are required to reaffirm the findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"4422330"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal Association Between Cholesterol-Lowering Drugs and Diabetic Microvascular Complications: A Drug-Target Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Bo Yang, Bo Yao, Qu Zou, Sicheng Li, Shun Yang, Mengxue Yang","doi":"10.1155/jdr/3661739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jdr/3661739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> It remains unclear whether cholesterol-lowering therapy can reduce the incidence of microvascular complications in patients with diabetes. We aim to explore the potential causal relationship between three common types of cholesterol-lowering drugs and diabetic microvascular complications through drug-target Mendelian randomization (MR) study, laying the groundwork for the development of new medications. <b>Methods:</b> In this study, we collected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with HMGCR (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitors, PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) inhibitors, and NPC1L1 (Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1) inhibitors from published genome-wide association study statistics. Subsequently, drug-target MR analyses were performed to investigate the effects of these inhibitors on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level-mediated microvascular complications in diabetes mellitus. Coronary atherosclerosis as a positive control. Primary outcomes included diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic neuropathy from the FinnGen Consortium. <b>Results:</b> The MR analysis revealed significant associations between HMGCR inhibition and increased risks of diabetic nephropathy (OR [95%confidence interval (CI)] = 1.88 [1.50, 2.36], <i>p</i> = 5.55 × 10^-8), retinopathy (OR [95%CI] = 1.86 [1.54, 2.24], <i>p</i> = 6.28 × 10^-11), and neuropathy (OR [95%CI] = 2.63 [1.84, 3.75], <i>p</i> = 1.14 × 10^-7) using the inverse variance weighted method. PCSK9 inhibitors have been associated with an increased risk of diabetic nephropathy (OR [95%CI] = 1.30 [1.07, 1.58], <i>p</i> = 0.009) and diabetic neuropathy (OR [95%CI] = 1.40 [1.15, 1.72], <i>p</i> = 0.001); NPC1L1 inhibitors significantly reduce the incidence of diabetic retinopathy (OR [95%CI] = 0.48 [0.28, 0.85], <i>p</i> = 0.01). The coronary heart disease as positive control. <b>Conclusions:</b> The findings show that HMGCR inhibitors and PCSK9 inhibitors may significantly increase the risk of diabetic microvascular complications. However, NPC1L1 inhibitors may provide protection against diabetic retinopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"3661739"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between ABCG1/TCF7L2 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Intervention Trial Based on a Case-Control Study.","authors":"Yinxia Su, Bo Shang, Xiaoyuan Hu, Zhihao Zhang, Li Wang, Kun Luo, Hua Yao, Xiangtao Liu, Yaoqin Lu, Sheng Jiang","doi":"10.1155/jdr/9356676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jdr/9356676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Objective:</b> Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the result of both genetic and environmental factors. Environmental factors may contribute to the occurrence and development of T2DM by influencing epigenetic modification. The objective of this study was to explore the potential functions of two SNP-CG sites (rs7901695 of TCF7L2 and cg06500161 of ABCG1) that are most strongly associated with T2DM. Given that Uyghur population has been less studied, we conducted an intervention trial in Uyghur people to provide evidence for personalized health management of T2DM in them. <b>Methods:</b> From May to July 2022, 320 patients with T2DM and 332 patients without T2DM were treated with dietary pagoda-based health education intervention. The demographic data were collected before intervention and basic physical biochemical indexes before and after intervention by questionnaire and physical biochemical examination. SNP typing was performed by the TaqMan-MGB probe method, and gene methylation was detected by the pyrosequencing method. <b>Results:</b> The rs7901695 genotype difference of TCF7L2 was statistically significant between the case group and the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). After adjusting for covariates (smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, fasting blood glucose (FPG), obesity, and hypertension), the genotype of rs7901695 in the TCF7L2 gene was associated with genetic susceptibility to T2DM in additive (TC vs. TT,<i>p</i> = 0.047; CC vs. TT,<i>p</i> = 0.010), dominant (<i>p</i> = 0.015), and recessive (<i>p</i> = 0.039) models. Before intervention, there were significant differences in the intake of water between the case group and the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). After intervention, there was statistical significance in the intake of coarse grains, fruits, aquatic products, eggs, dairy products, soy products, nuts, edible oils, and water between the case group and the control group (<i>p</i>s < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that methylation of the ABCG1 gene was correlated with T2DM susceptibility after adjustment of covariable before intervention (<i>p</i> = 0.015, odds ratio (OR): 1.023; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.004~1.041) but not after intervention. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) showed that the rs7901695 locus of the TCF7L2 gene and the cg06500161 locus of the ABCG1 gene had interaction with hypertension, dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity, and obesity and also had interaction with drinking, smoking, and exercise. <b>Conclusions:</b> The interaction of the rs7901695 site of the TCF7L2 gene and the cg06500161 site of the ABCG1 gene with environmental factors may increase the risk of T2DM in Uyghurs. The interaction between the cg06500161 site of the ABCG1 gene and environmental factors on T2DM varied with the intervention. The cg06500161 site of ABCG1 may serve as a biomarker to evaluate the effect of T2DM interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9356676"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986924/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}