Journal of Diabetes Research最新文献

{"title":"Optimized Effects of Fisetin and Hydroxychloroquine on ER Stress and Autophagy in Nonalcoholic Fatty Pancreas Disease in Mice.","authors":"Mahboobe Sattari, Amin Karimpour, Maryam Akhavan Taheri, Bagher Larijani, Reza Meshkani, Ozra Tabatabaei-Malazy, Ghodratollah Panahi","doi":"10.1155/jdr/2795127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jdr/2795127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Fat accumulation in the pancreas, known as nonalcoholic fatty pancreatic disease (NAFPD), is associated with obesity and may lead to prediabetes and Type 2 diabetes. Reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and enhancing autophagy could offer therapeutic benefits. This study examines the effects of fisetin (FSN) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) on NAFPD. <b>Method:</b> Forty-eight Male C57BL/6 J mice were assigned to a standard chow diet (SCD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks. The HFD group was divided into five subgroups; each group contains eight mice: HFD, HFD + V (vehicle), HFD + FSN, HFD + HCQ, and HFD + FSN + HCQ. FSN was given daily at 80 mg/kg, and HCQ was injected IP at 50 mg/kg twice weekly for more 8 weeks. Insulin resistance was assessed through OGTT and HOMA-IR. Histological analysis of pancreatic tissue was conducted, and the protein and mRNA levels of molecules associated with ER stress and autophagy were assessed using PCR and immunoblotting techniques. <b>Result:</b> FSN and HCQ significantly reduced weight gain, pancreatic adipocyte accumulation, and insulin resistance caused by HFD in obese mice, with the combination of the two compounds producing even more pronounced effects. Additionally, the HFD increased the expression of UPR markers ATF4 and CHOP, a response that was further intensified by HCQ. In contrast, FSN attenuated the UPR by regulating GRP78 levels. Furthermore, the HFD resulted in a significant decrease in the LC3II/LC3I ratio and an accumulation of p62 protein due to reduced p-AMPK levels. Following treatment with FSN, these alterations were reversed, leading to decreased mTOR expression and increased levels of autophagy markers such as ATG5 and Beclin1. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our study reveals that FSN and HCQ effectively combat HFD-induced NAFPD, improving insulin sensitivity and addressing pancreatic fat deposition linked to metabolic syndrome. While HCQ may cause endoplasmic reticulum stress, FSN offers protective effects, supporting their combined use for better treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"2795127"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12011465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations in Corneal Nerve Structure and Function in Prediabetes.","authors":"Jun Ma, Junfang Zhang, Mengjia Tan, Min Ji, Jianfeng Yu, Huaijin Guan","doi":"10.1155/jdr/4586856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jdr/4586856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Although prediabetes increases the risk of developing diabetes, its role in neuropathy remains unclear. We aim to assess alterations in the corneal nerve structure and function in prediabetes and risk factors for corneal nerve loss. <b>Methods:</b> An examination of IVCM and corneal sensitivity was conducted on a cohort of 75 participants, comprising 23 controls, 32 prediabetes, and 20 Type 2 diabetes. Semiautomatic analysis was employed to quantify the corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL), corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD), and dendritic cell (DC) density. <b>Results:</b> CNFL and CNFD were lower in prediabetes and Type 2 diabetes than in the controls, and they were associated with DC density. CNFL and CNFD were lower in Type 2 diabetes than in prediabetes. DC density was higher in prediabetes and Type 2 diabetes than in controls. However, there were no differences in corneal sensitivity between controls and prediabetes. Multivariable regression analysis demonstrated an association between reduced CNFL and age, BMI, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and uric acid (UA) levels in prediabetes. In Type 2 diabetes, age, HbA1c, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), and triglyceride levels exhibited associations with reduced CNFL. <b>Conclusions:</b> Corneal nerve damage was detected in prediabetes using IVCM. The patients with prediabetes showed signs of nerve structure damage, and the corneal nerve structure damage occurred before the nerve function changes. Immune cells also participate in the occurrence and development of DCN and are related to the corneal neuropathy. Understanding the corneal nerve fiber condition through IVCM may prove crucial in monitoring prediabetic neuropathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"4586856"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Podocyte Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy Rats by Inhibiting Angpltl4/Integrin <i>β</i>3 in the Glomerulus.","authors":"Shiyuan Liu, Mingyao Meng, Chunkai Huang, Lijia He, Pu Wang, Zhe Tang, Xi Ran, Hui Gao, Yangfan Guo, Yan He, Jian Chen, Haiyan Hu, Shan He, Yiyi Zhao, Zongliu Hou, Lin Li, Wenhong Li, Wenju Wang, Xiaodan Wang","doi":"10.1155/jdr/6683126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jdr/6683126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) in diabetic nephropathy (DN) ZDF (FA/FA) rats. The therapeutic effects were assessed by renal function tests, the urinary albumin-creatinine ratio, PAS staining, electron microscopy, and TGF-<i>β</i>1 expression in renal tissue. Subsequently, podocyte injury in renal tissue was detected by immunofluorescence staining for podocin. To further explore the underlying mechanism, serum Angptl4 levels were measured, and Angptl4, integrin <i>β</i>3, fibronectin, and podocin levels in renal tissue were analysed by Western blotting. In vitro, podocytes are stimulated with high glucose and then treated with UCMSCs, and podocyte activity and the expression of synaptopodin, Angptl4, and integrin <i>β</i>3 were observed. UCMSC significantly improve renal function, pathological injury, and podocyte injury in the ZDF (FA/FA) rats. Western blot revealed increased expression of Angptl4, integrin <i>β</i>3, and fibronectin in renal tissues of the DN group, and UCMSC treatment significantly downregulated those proteins. However, UCMSC showed no effects on serum Angptl4 concentration. Podocin expression in renal tissues was significantly restored by UCMSC treatment. In vitro, podocyte activity was decreased after high glucose stimulation and improved by UCMSC treatment. UCMSC restored the expression of synaptopodin, and Angptl4 and downstream integrin <i>β</i>3 were also inhibited. Our study suggested that UCMSC therapy could improve renal function and renal pathological changes in ZDF (FA/FA) rats. In addition, inhibition of the Angptl4/integrin <i>β</i>3 pathway is the potential mechanism by which UCMSC attenuates podocyte injury in the DN model.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6683126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12008490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143982828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Development of Complications Differ Between Adult-Onset and Child-Adolescent-Onset Type 1 Diabetes: A Report From a Tertiary Medical Center in Türkiye.","authors":"Ramazan Çakmak, Özge Telci Çaklılı, Ayşe Merve Ok, Ümmü Mutlu, Göktuğ Sarıbeyliler, Vefa Seferova Nasifova, Ersel Bilgin, Aylin Çoşkun, Damla Yenersu Guzey, Utku Erdem Soyaltin, Servet Yüce, Hülya Hacışahinoğulları, Gülşah Yenidünya Yalın, Özlem Soyluk Selçukbiricik, Nurdan Gül, Ayşe Kubat Üzüm, Kubilay Karşıdağ, Nevin Dinççağ, Mehmet Temel Yılmaz, Ilhan Satman","doi":"10.1155/jdr/8860118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/jdr/8860118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Aims:</b> The age-at-onset is of great importance in the heterogeneity of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This study was designed to define clinical and laboratory differences between child-adolescent-onset and adult-onset T1DM at presentation and during follow-up and determine the predicting factors for developing microvascular and macrovascular complications. <b>Material and Methods:</b> This retrospective observational study evaluated T1DM patients who were followed in the diabetes outpatient clinic between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2019. <b>Results:</b> The study cohort included 490 individuals with T1DM (54.3% female, 58.8% adult-onset, and median follow-up: 5 years). In the adult-onset group, baseline C-peptide and GADA prevalence were higher, whereas presentation with ketoacidosis was 2.3-fold lower compared to the child-adolescent-onset group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). During follow-up, the adult-onset group had a 2.4-fold higher overweight/obesity (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and 1.7-fold higher dyslipidemia/hyperlipidemia (<i>p</i> = 0.002) than the child-adolescent-onset group. In multivariate analysis, fasting glucose (<i>p</i> = 0.024) in adult-onset, dyslipidemia/hyperlipidemia (<i>p</i> = 0.037) in child-adolescent-onset, and diabetes duration (<i>p</i> = 0.008 and <i>p</i> = 0.007) and hypertension (<i>p</i> = 0.001 and <i>p</i> = 0.01) in both groups were associated with increased risk of microvascular complications, whereas age-at-onset (<i>p</i> = 0.024), dyslipidemia/hyperlipidemia (<i>p</i> = 0.03), nephropathy (<i>p</i> = 0.003), and neuropathy (<i>p</i> = 0.001) in adult-onset and age (<i>p</i> = 0.002) and triglycerides (<i>p</i> = 0.013) in child-adolescent-onset groups were associated with increased risk of macrovascular complications. The cutoff C-peptide levels at baseline predicted microvascular complications in the whole cohort and adult-onset group were defined as 0.383 ng/mL (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and 0.41 ng/mL (<i>p</i> = 0.001), respectively. In the Kaplan-Meier analysis, C-peptide (< 0.383 ng/mL) but not age-at-onset predicted future development of microvascular and macrovascular complications (<i>p</i> = 0.003 and <i>p</i> = 0.032). <b>Conclusion:</b> Clinical presentation and prognosis differ in adult-onset and child-adolescent-onset T1DM. Low initial C-peptide may predict the development of microvascular and macrovascular complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8860118"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12003040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144028623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HbA1c and the Risk of Lower Limb Ulcers Among Diabetic Patients: An Observational and Genetics Study.","authors":"Guojun Guo, Yunlong Guan, Yuhuan Chen, Yuge Ye, Zeyu Gan, Xi Cao, Zhenbing Chen, Xingjie Hao","doi":"10.1155/jdr/4744194","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/4744194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aims:</b> A lower limb ulcer is a serious complication of diabetes. The association between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lower limb ulcers needs further clarification. We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the relationship between HbA1c and lower limb ulcer risk in diabetic patients through multivariable-adjusted observational analyses and Mendelian randomization (MR) approaches. <b>Methods:</b> This prospective cohort study included 23,434 individuals with prevalent diabetes in the UK Biobank. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate the association between HbA1c levels and lower limb ulcer risk. Furthermore, a one-sample MR analysis was conducted to explore the potential causal effect. <b>Results:</b>Over a follow-up period of 290,677 person-years (median length: 13.3 years), 1101 lower limb ulcers cases were documented. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios across categories of HbA1c of ≤ 42, 42-53, 53-64, 64-75, 75-86, and > 86 mmol/mol were 0.93 (0.76-1.15), 1.00, 1.24 (1.05-1.46), 1.98 (1.65-2.39), 2.68 (2.13-3.37), and 4.52 (3.62-5.65), respectively. The restrictive cubic spline model showed that lower limb ulcer risk increased steeply when HbA1c concentration exceeded 53 mmol/mol. One-sample linear and nonlinear MR analyses provided a positive but not significant association between genetically proxied HbA1c and lower limb ulcer risk among diabetic patients. <b>Conclusions:</b> High HbA1c levels increase the risk of lower limb ulcers in diabetic patients. MR analyses validated the positive but not significant association between genetically proxied HbA1c levels and lower limb ulcer risk. The results recommended an HbA1c goal of < 53 mmol/mol to decrease the incidence of diabetic ulcers.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"4744194"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11972128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health-Related Quality of Life Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Depressive Symptoms in Vietnam.","authors":"Nguyen Tran Kien, Nguyen Phuong Hoa, Ha Huu Tung, Kris Van den Broeck, Johan Wens","doi":"10.1155/jdr/6992121","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/6992121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> This study investigates the impact of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and depressive symptoms on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among patients at the Agricultural General Hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam. The research explores the interconnections between chronic physical conditions and mental health within a resource-constrained healthcare environment. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 516 T2DM patients using the SF-36 to assess HRQoL and the PHQ-9 to measure depressive symptoms. The study examined the prevalence of depressive symptoms and their correlation with various HRQoL components. <b>Results:</b> Among the participants, 45.2% exhibited depressive symptoms from mild to severe levels. Significant disparities in HRQoL scores were observed, particularly in physical composite and overall quality of life scores between T2DM with and without depressive symptoms. Statistical analysis highlighted that depressive symptoms significantly diminish HRQoL, with the PHQ-9 scores serving as a robust predictor. <b>Conclusion:</b> The findings underscore the critical need for integrated care approaches that include mental health support for T2DM patients. Routine screening for depressive symptoms should be a component of diabetes management protocols to improve overall patient outcomes. Further longitudinal research is needed to confirm these findings and develop effective interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6992121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11971502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of a Health Literacy and Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) Improvement Program for People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Community-Based Quasiexperimental Study in Thailand.","authors":"Fatima Ibrahim Abdulsalam, Sribud Srichaijaroonpong, Natthida Phoosuwan, Nitikorn Phoosuwan","doi":"10.1155/jdr/2640702","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/2640702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> This community-based randomised controlled study was aimed at evaluating a health literacy (HL) and diabetes self-management education (DSME) improvement program (HL-DSME program) among people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. <b>Methods</b>: The program conducted in Sakonnakhon Province in northeastern Thailand comprised 1 day of theory and a 4-week period of follow-up. There were 72 participants (36 participants for each intervention and control group) in the program. Independent <i>t</i>-tests, one-way analysis of variance and, paired-sample <i>T</i>-tests were used to predict HL and self-management scores. <b>Results</b>: The participants in the intervention group increased their total HL score and four dimensions of the HL score significantly in comparison to those in the control group. Total self-management score and the score related to the dimension of exercise behaviour among the participants in the intervention group improved significantly in comparison to those in the control group. <b>Conclusion</b>: The HL-DSME program could increase the total score of HL, scores of four dimensions of HL, the total score of self-management, and the score related to exercise behaviour. Healthcare providers who try to enhance diabetes patients' self-management practices should consider diabetes patients' HL and provide health education regularly. Diabetes management approach should be scalable, efficacious, sustainable, and affordable for patients. <b>Trial Registration:</b> Thai Registry of Clinical Trials: TCTR20241120002.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"2640702"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11957850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Empagliflozin on Serum Ferritin and Its Relationship With Inflammatory Markers in Prediabetic and Diabetic Patients.","authors":"Mojgan Sanjari, Narges Sadeghi, Azade Ramezannezhad, Zohre Safi, Ahmad Naghibzadeh-Tahami, Ladan Amirkhosravi","doi":"10.1155/jdr/8835829","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/8835829","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> This research is aimed at evaluating the effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin on inflammatory markers, some iron metabolism markers, and their interrelationships before and after using empagliflozin. <b>Methods:</b> A quasiexperimental study was conducted on 44 prediabetic and Type 2 diabetic patients aged 18-65 years. The participants were among those treated at the clinic affiliated with Kerman Medical Sciences University between 2022 and 2023. The study included diabetic patients with HbA1c levels of 0.5%-1% higher than the therapeutic target who were not using blood sugar control medication. Each patient received a daily dose of 10 mg of empagliflozin for 3 months. Changes in serum levels of iron, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), ferritin, transferrin saturation, inflammatory markers IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), and uric acid were measured before and 3 months after commencing empagliflozin. <b>Results:</b> Three months after starting empagliflozin, the mean FPG and Hb A1c levels showed a drop (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The serum ferritin level decreased, and TIBC increased significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) following empagliflozin treatment. Additionally, the serum levels of CRP (<i>p</i> < 0.05), IL-6 (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and uric acid (<i>p</i> < 0.001) declined. Analysis of the correlation between serum ferritin level and IL-6 and uric acid before and after empagliflozin use revealed a positive correlation between serum ferritin and IL-6 (<i>p</i> = 0.04) and uric acid (<i>p</i> = 0.03). However, no significant correlation was observed between the change in ferritin and CRP levels (<i>p</i> = 0.22). <b>Conclusion:</b> Following empagliflozin treatment, serum levels of ferritin and inflammatory markers interleukin-6, CRP, and uric acid declined, indicating a significant relationship between SGLT2 inhibition, inflammation, and iron metabolism. Furthermore, the correlation between ferritin and inflammatory markers suggests that reduced ferritin levels may result from reduced inflammation. <b>Trial Registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: IRCT20090317001774N10.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8835829"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application and Progression of Single-Cell RNA Sequencing in Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetes Complications.","authors":"Jiajing Hong, Shiqi Lu, Guohui Shan, Yaoran Yang, Bailin Li, Dongyu Yang","doi":"10.1155/jdr/3248350","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/3248350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes is a systemic metabolic disorder primarily caused by insulin deficiency and insulin resistance, leading to chronic hyperglycemia. Prolonged diabetes can result in metabolic damage to multiple organs, including the heart, brain, liver, muscles, and adipose tissue, thereby causing various chronic fatal complications such as diabetic retinopathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and diabetic nephropathy. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a valuable tool for investigating the cell diversity and pathogenesis of diabetes and identifying potential therapeutic targets in diabetes or diabetes complications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent applications of scRNA-seq in diabetes-related researches and highlights novel biomarkers and immunotherapy targets with cell-type information for diabetes and its associated complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"3248350"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid Profile Abnormalities in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital, Tanzania: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Justine Mlonga, Donath Damian","doi":"10.1155/jdr/9966933","DOIUrl":"10.1155/jdr/9966933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Type 2 diabetes mellitus poses global health challenges due to insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia. Understanding demographic characteristics and lipid profiles among diabetic patients is crucial for effective management and risk reduction. This study analyzes demographic distribution, gender representation, and lipid profile variations among Type 2 diabetes patients at the Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital, aiming at informing tailored interventions to improve outcomes and mitigate cardiovascular risks associated with dyslipidemia. <b>Methods:</b> This retrospective study analyzed data from 311 Type 2 diabetes patients at the Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital. Demographic data including age and gender were recorded, and lipid profiles (triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein) were assessed using standard clinical measurements. Statistical analyses determined frequency distributions of age groups, gender proportions, and lipid profile categories. Associations between lipid profiles and demographic factors were also examined. <b>Results:</b> The study cohort predominantly consisted of patients aged 60-69 years (35.05%), with females slightly outnumbering males (54.02% vs. 45.98%). Triglyceride levels ≥ 150 mg/dL were observed in 43% of patients, primarily in older age groups. While 72% of patients had high - density lipoprotein levels ≥ 35 mg/dL, this percentage declined with age. Low - density lipoprotein levels ≥ 130 mg/dL were prevalent in 41.77% of patients, indicating a notable proportion with elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Higher levels of high-density lipoprotein were associated with better glycemic control, as indicated by lower glycated hemoglobin levels (< 6.5%), although the relationship between high-density lipoprotein and cardiovascular outcomes remains unclear. <b>Conclusion:</b> This study reveals significant demographic and lipid profile variations among Type 2 diabetes patients at the Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital, influenced by aging. Tailored management strategies considering age- and gender-specific trends in lipid profiles could optimize glycemic control and reduce cardiovascular risks associated with Type 2 diabetes, thereby enhancing overall patient outcomes and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":15576,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Research","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9966933"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}