Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of Systemic Diseases in Patients Attending a Dental Clinic. A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Carmen López-Carriches, Hujjatullah Ghaffari, Ricardo Taheri, Jorge Cortés-Bretón-Brinkmann, Fabián Pérez-González, Isabel Leco-Berrocal, Cristina Meniz-García","doi":"10.4317/jced.63930","DOIUrl":"10.4317/jced.63930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is crucial to identify the diseases and chronic conditions affecting patients attending a dental clinic, particularly in the field of oral surgery. Dentists must be provided with this information in order to reduce the risk of complications and medical emergencies when treating their patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>An observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted on 862 patients attending a dental clinic over a 6-month period. Data obtained from medical questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive statistics to determine patients' age, sex, and reported systemic diseases and conditions. Microsoft Excel and Python were used for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Allergies, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders were the most commonly reported conditions among patients attending the dental clinic, making them the conditions most frequently encountered in this patient population.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A thorough medical history should be obtained for all dental patients to ensure safe dental care. Identification and consideration of chronic systemic diseases during treatment planning are essential to minimize the risk of intraoperative and postoperative complications, particularly in oral surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":15376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry","volume":"18 6","pages":"e750-e756"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13353924/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148421369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biocompatibility of Direct 3D-Printed Clear Aligner Resins: A Comparative In Vitro Cytotoxicity Analysis.","authors":"Nida Tutka, Betül Gülhan Çakir, Ahmet Murat Artuç","doi":"10.4317/jced.64159","DOIUrl":"10.4317/jced.64159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study comparatively evaluated the mechanical properties of four commercially available, directly three-dimensional (3D) printed clear aligner materials by analyzing tensile behavior, flexural properties, and surface hardness.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Four direct-print clear aligner resins were included: CRS, LuxCreo, Rayform 4D clear aliner resin, and PowerResins clear smile resin. Specimens were fabricated according to the manufacturers' protocols with a standardized thickness of 0.70 mm and 50 m layer thickness in vertical orientation. Tensile (n = 5), three-point bending (n = 5), and Shore D hardness (n = 10) tests were performed at room temperature (23°C) at the accredited laboratories of TÜBTAK Marmara Research Center. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Sidak's multiple comparisons test (p &lt; 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were found among all materials for all tested parameters (p &lt; 0.0001). PowerResins showed the highest elastic modulus (2187.7 ± 315.8 megapascals [MPa]), tensile strength (51.5 ± 2.9 MPa), flexural modulus (1609.7 ± 95.6 MPa), flexural strength (71.9 ± 2.9 MPa), and Shore D hardness (87.3 ± 0.9), indicating superior rigidity. LuxCreo demonstrated the highest elongation at break (118.4 ± 10.7%), suggesting greater flexibility and ductility. Rayform 4D showed intermediate mechanical behavior, whereas CRS generally exhibited lower flexural resistance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Directly printed clear aligner materials exhibit significant variability in mechanical properties. PowerResins may be more suitable for cases requiring greater rigidity and force delivery, whereas LuxCreo may be preferable when flexibility and patient comfort are prioritized. Material selection should be based on specific orthodontic treatment objectives and clinical biomechanical requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":15376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry","volume":"18 6","pages":"e737-e742"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13353919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148421342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are flowable composite resins containing bioactive particles truly biocompatible?","authors":"Lara Rabelo Aragão, Julia Gonçalves Montenegro, Clarice Lioba de Araújo, José Vitor Mota Lemos, Dayrine Silveira de Paula, Sergio Lima Santiago, Suely Bezerra Dos Santos, Paulo Goberlânio de Barros Silva, Jiovanne Rabelo Neri","doi":"10.4317/jced.63914","DOIUrl":"10.4317/jced.63914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate the degree of conversion and biocompatibility of flowable composite resins containing bioactive particles using in vitro and in vivo models, respectively.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The flowable composite resins Beautifil Flow Plus F00 (F00), Beautifil Flow Plus F03 (F03), and Filtek Supreme (FS) were tested. For the degree of conversion (DC) test, seven specimens were prepared for each group and analyzed using Raman spectroscopy. For biocompatibility (BC), seven specimens from each group were implanted into the dorsal subcutaneous tissue of 21 female Wistar rats, which were divided into three groups according to the experimental periods of 7, 14, and 28 days. After euthanasia, the dorsal tissues were surgically excised, fixed in formalin solution, and processed for histological analysis. The slides were evaluated blindly, and ten microscopic fields were randomly selected at 400× magnification. Statistical analysis for DC and BC was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Tukey's post hoc test for DC and Dunn's test for BC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For BC, F00 and F03 induced less inflammation and granulation tissue formation and promoted greater fibrosis than FS (p &lt; 0.05). For DC, no statistically significant difference was observed among the groups (p &gt; 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Flowable bioactive composite resins represent promising alternatives for dental practice, as they induce minimal tissue inflammation and exhibit high conversion rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":15376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry","volume":"18 6","pages":"e729-e736"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13353914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148421386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Accuracy and Reproducibility of an AI-Based Cephalometric Landmark Detection Software: A Comparative Study with Manual Annotations.","authors":"Afaf El Merouani-Drissi, Hajar Ben-Mohimd, Afaf Alassfar, Douae Ahmadoun, Fatima Zaoui, Hicham Benyahia","doi":"10.4317/jced.64030","DOIUrl":"10.4317/jced.64030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Automated cephalometric landmark detection using artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising aid in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. However, its clinical usefulness depends on both accuracy of detection and quality of the reference annotations that are used for evaluation. Objective: To assess the accuracy, precision and stability of an AI-based cephalometric landmark detection system (WebcephTm) using a rigorously validated ground truth.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>One hundred lateral cephalograms were independently annotated by expert orthodontists. A custom-developed application was used to extract and standardize landmark coordinates in millimeters from radiographic images. Inter-observer agreement validated the ground truth. AI-annotated landmarks were compared with expert annotations using Euclidean distance measurements. Landmark-dependent variability was examined, and the stability of AI behavior across images was evaluated using the coefficient of variation (CV).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Inter-observer analysis demonstrated excellent agreement (ICC=1; mean discrepancy 1,53+- 0.70 mm), confirming the reliability of the reference. The AI system showed a mean localization error of 3,16 mm, with only 42,7% of detections within the 2-mm clinical threshold. Performance was strongly landmark-dependent. Soft-tissue landmarks showed higher localization errors than skeletal landmarks, although this difference was not statistically significant (Mann-Witney U test, p &gt; 0,05). CV analysis confirmed that AI errors were anatomically driven rather than randomly distributed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AI-based cephalometric detection by WebcephTm is reliable for well-defined skeletal landmarks, while soft-tissue points remain challenging. The observed limitations appear to be primarily related to anatomical and radiographic complexity rather than to reference annotation inaccuracy or algorithmic instability.</p>","PeriodicalId":15376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry","volume":"18 6","pages":"e720-e728"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13353915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148421333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the potential factors of burning mouth syndrome in elderly people: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"André Barreiros, Ivan Albuquerque, Fabricio Almeida, Juliana Ramacciato, Luciana Oliveira","doi":"10.4317/jced.64113","DOIUrl":"10.4317/jced.64113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) remains a clinical challenge because of the unclear and multifactorial nature of its etiopathogenesis. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence and potential factors involved in the occurrence of BMS in older adults.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Data from 365 individuals attending healthcare services in Manaus, Brazil, were analyzed. Clinical evaluation was conducted by a single calibrated examiner. Sociodemographic aspects, health conditions, medication use, smoking habits, need for dental prostheses, presence of xerostomia, and reports of BMS were also evaluated. The chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, G-test, binary logistic regression, and odds ratios were used to estimate the occurrence of BMS based on the independent variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence rate of BMS was 4.9%. In univariate analyses, BMS was significantly associated with race (p &lt; 0.001), diabetes mellitus (p = 0.013), systemic arterial hypertension (p = 0.024), and xerostomia (p = 0.005). In the binary logistic regression model, BMS was significantly associated with race (p = 0.031), with white participants having a 7.3 times higher risk of BMS than multiracial participants (OR = 7.3; 95% CI: 2.4-22.1). Binary logistic regression also showed that xerostomia was significantly associated with BMS (p = 0.019), increasing the risk by 3.8 times (OR = 3.8; 95% CI: 1.2-11.8).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Race and xerostomia were associated with BMS in older adults. These findings may help clinicians refine and tailor treatment strategies within a personalized care approach for this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":15376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry","volume":"18 6","pages":"e765-e771"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13353917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148421366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Masking ability of layering techniques combined with white or yellow opaquers on a dark background.","authors":"Gabriela Nogueira Bouchet, Luiz Henrique Burnett-Júnior, Ana Maria Spohr","doi":"10.4317/jced.64117","DOIUrl":"10.4317/jced.64117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clinicians still experience hesitation and uncertainty regarding the techniques required to achieve the appropriate final color for clinical cases involving discolored teeth, and it is often unclear whether a white or yellow opaque shade should be applied. This study evaluated the influence of resin composite (RC) layering techniques, using either regular or flowable opaques in white and yellow shades, on the masking ability of a discolored substrate.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Acrylic upper left central incisors, shade C3, with veneer preparations were divided into 11 groups (n=5). Shade C3 (n=5) and shade A1 (n=5) intact acrylic teeth were the negative and positive control groups, respectively. Teeth were restored with the monolayer, bilayer or trilayer technique, and white or yellow opaques were associated with dentin RC and/or enamel RC. E00 values were obtained using the CIEDE2000 formula. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's test (=5%).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Groups restored with the trilayer technique (opaque + dentin RC + enamel RC) obtained significantly lower E00 values, below the acceptability threshold. In the trilayer technique, the use of white regular opaque (1.18) did not differ significantly from the positive control (0.69) (p&gt;0.05). The use of yellow opaques increased E00, but it remained below the acceptability threshold.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The trilayer technique using white or yellow opaques, dentin, and enamel RCs yielded E00 values below the acceptability threshold. However, white opaques were more effective in masking the discolored background.</p>","PeriodicalId":15376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry","volume":"18 6","pages":"e772-e779"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13353916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148421312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasonic Cavity Preparation with CVD Diamond Tips: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study of Dentin Surface Morphology and Smear Layer Formation.","authors":"Mauricio Schneider, Jefferson David Melo de Matos, Mário Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti, Diego Telomaro Peiter, José Eduardo Bastian, Daher Antonio Queiroz","doi":"10.4317/jced.64155","DOIUrl":"10.4317/jced.64155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Minimally invasive dentistry has driven the development of alternative cavity preparation techniques aimed at preserving tooth structure and improving biological outcomes. Ultrasonic systems associated with chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond tips have emerged as a potential alternative to conventional rotary instruments; however, evidence regarding their effects on dentin surface morphology and smear layer characteristics under SEM remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the morphological characteristics of dentin surfaces after cavity preparation using ultrasonic and conventional rotary techniques.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty extracted human teeth were sectioned longitudinally to obtain standardized specimens. Samples were assigned to ultrasonic preparation using CVD diamond tips or conventional rotary preparation using carbide burs at high and low speeds. After preparation, specimens were cleaned, stored in distilled water, sputter-coated, and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Surface morphology, smear layer presence, and dentinal tubule exposure were qualitatively assessed at different magnifications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ultrasonic preparation resulted in consistently cleaner dentin surfaces with minimal smear layer and open dentinal tubules, whereas conventional rotary instrumentation produced irregular surfaces covered by dense smear layer and debris.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ultrasonic cavity preparation using CVD diamond tips demonstrated superior surface characteristics compared with conventional rotary techniques, supporting its potential as a minimally invasive approach that may enhance adhesion and preserve dentin-pulp integrity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry","volume":"18 6","pages":"e818-e823"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13353929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148421014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface Integrity of Widely Used Resin-Modified Glass Ionomers: New Findings Amid Limited Scientific Literature.","authors":"Kelyn Ticona-Canavera, José Giancarlo Tozo-Burgos","doi":"10.4317/jced.64010","DOIUrl":"10.4317/jced.64010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Resin-modified glass ionomer cements are considered bioactive materials due to their sustained fluoride release, which has supported their continued use in clinical practice. Although some of these materials have been available on the market for many years and continue to be widely used in restorative dentistry, the scientific evidence regarding their mechanical properties remains limited and, in many cases, based on older or insufficiently updated studies. This situation highlights the need to generate new and updated scientific evidence to better understand the behavior of these materials under conditions that simulate long-term clinical use. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the surface microhardness of three resin-modified glass ionomer cements after an artificial aging process simulating two years of clinical use.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty-six discs (10 mm × 2 mm) were fabricated and distributed into three experimental groups (n = 12), corresponding to three commercial resin-modified glass ionomer cements: Gold Label 2 LC, Riva LC, and Vitremer. All specimens were prepared strictly according to the manufacturers' instructions. Surface microhardness was evaluated using the Vickers method with a calibrated microhardness tester, performing three indentations per specimen. Measurements were carried out at three experimental time points: baseline, after 10,000 cycles, and after 20,000 thermocycles. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and a linear mixed-effects model, considering a significance level of = 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All evaluated materials showed a progressive decrease in surface microhardness after artificial aging. Statistically significant differences were observed among the resin-modified glass ionomer cements (p &lt; 0.05). Gold Label 2 LC exhibited the highest surface microhardness values and the greatest stability throughout the aging process, followed by Riva LC, whereas Vitremer showed the lowest microhardness values after aging.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>After artificial aging, all resin-modified glass ionomer cements showed a progressive decrease in surface microhardness. Gold Label 2 LC exhibited the highest stability, followed by Riva LC, whereas Vitremer showed the least favorable performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":15376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry","volume":"18 6","pages":"e824-e832"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13353926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148420722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postoperative Oral Dexamethasone and Its Effects on Pain, Trismus, and Quality of Life After Impacted Mandibular Third Molar Surgery: A Randomized Triple-Blind Split-Mouth Clinical Trial.","authors":"Thais Pimentel, Bruno Teixeira Gonçalves Rodrigues, Iolanda Zanotelli Lemos, Hugo Leonardo Mendes de Barros, Ramiro Beato Souza, Paulo José d'Albuquerque Medeiros, Danilo Passeado Branco Ribeiro","doi":"10.4317/jced.64067","DOIUrl":"10.4317/jced.64067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Surgical extraction of impacted third molars is associated with postoperative inflammatory complications such as pain and trismus. Corticosteroids are frequently used to reduce these sequelae. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of postoperative oral dexamethasone on pain, trismus, and quality of life after surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A prospective, randomized, triple-blind, split-mouth clinical trial was conducted including 20 patients requiring bilateral extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. All participants received 8 mg of oral dexamethasone one hour before surgery. In the control protocol, patients received placebo tablets twice daily for three postoperative days, while in the test protocol patients received 4 mg of oral dexamethasone twice daily for three days. Pain intensity was recorded using a VAS at 24 hours, 72 hours, and 7 days after surgery. Maximum mouth opening (MMO) was measured preoperatively and on postoperative days 3 and 7. Quality of life was evaluated on day 7 using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). Statistical analyses were performed using paired tests with a significance level of 5%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 40 surgical procedures were performed. Mean surgical time did not differ significantly between groups. Pain scores were slightly lower in the test group during the early postoperative period, but no statistically significant differences were observed at any time point (p&gt;0.05). Both groups showed a reduction in MMO during the early postoperative period with partial recovery by day 7, without significant differences between treatments (p&gt;0.05). Quality-of-life assessment revealed no significant differences for most OHIP-14 domains, although the control group reported greater difficulty performing daily activities (p&lt;0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Postoperative administration of oral dexamethasone did not provide additional benefits in reducing pain, trismus, or most quality-of-life parameters compared with preoperative dexamethasone alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":15376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry","volume":"18 6","pages":"e757-e764"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13353920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148421341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postoperative Pain and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Pulpal Blood Level in Symptomatic Pulpitis of Mature Molars Treated with Biodentine and Portland Cement Full Pulpotomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Aya Ahmed Youssef-Gamal, Hany Samy Sadek, Ghada El Hilaly Mohamed Eid","doi":"10.4317/jced.64138","DOIUrl":"10.4317/jced.64138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study compared postoperative pain after Biodentine and Portland cement full pulpotomy in mature molars with symptomatic pulpitis. Additionally, it correlated the pulpal blood level of Matrix Metalloproteinases-9 MMP-9; as a marker of the state of pulp inflammation, with the preoperative pain scores, and intra-operative bleeding time during pulpotomy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Seventy-two mature molars were randomly allocated to two full pulpotomy groups using either Biodentine or Portland cement. Intraoperatively, bleeding color, profuseness and pulp attachment were assessed under magnification of dental operating microscope. 10 µL pulpal blood sample was taken using heparinized microcapillary tube for the assessment of MMP-9 level. Hemostasis was achieved with cotton pellet soaked with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and bleeding time was recorded. The assigned pulp capping material was placed followed by the permanent restoration. Preoperative pain scores were recorded using Numerical rating scale NRS and re-evaluated postoperatively; at 6, 12, 24, 48 and 1 week. MMP-9 concentration was measured using ELISA test. The following statistical analyses were performed to assess the data: Independent t-test, Mann Whitney test, Friedman test, Chi square test and Fisher's exact test. The significant level was set to be at P 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Full pulpotomy using Portland cement and Biodentine showed comparable results regarding postoperative pain at all time points. MMP-9 level showed a significant strong positive correlation with preoperative pain NRS score as well as with bleeding time. Furthermore, both preoperative scores and bleeding time revealed a significant positive correlation with postoperative pain scores at different time points.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Full pulpotomy is an appropriate treatment option in mature molars with symptomatic pulpitis. Portland cement demonstrated promising results similar to Biodentine regarding postoperative pain relief when used as a pulp capping material in full pulpotomy. MMP-9 level in pulpal blood as well as bleeding time could offer a guiding tool similar to preoperative NRS scoring for diagnosis of pulp status. Preoperative scores and bleeding time could predict the degree of postoperative pain after full pulpotomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15376,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry","volume":"18 6","pages":"e792-e807"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13353925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148421356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}