Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials最新文献

{"title":"One-Pot Synthesis of Antibacterial and Antioxidant Self-Healing Bioadhesives Using Ugi Four-Component Reactions","authors":"Ronak Afshari,&nbsp;Arpita Roy,&nbsp;Saumya Jain,&nbsp;Kaimana Lum,&nbsp;Joyce Huang,&nbsp;Sam Denton,&nbsp;Nasim Annabi","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35584","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bioadhesive materials are extensively utilized as alternatives to surgical sutures and wound dressings. Despite significant advancements in their synthesis, current bioadhesives suffer from inadequate mechanical stability, suboptimal wet tissue adhesion, and a lack of inherent antibacterial and antioxidant properties, while requiring multistep synthesis processes, complicating their production for biomedical applications. To address these limitations, we developed a new bioadhesive, named UgiGel, synthesized through a one-pot Ugi four-component reaction (Ugi-4CR). Our strategy utilized gelatin as the backbone, 4-formylphenylboronic acid (4-FPBA) as an aldehyde source for improved adhesion and antibacterial activity, gallic acid (GA) as a carboxylic acid source for improved antioxidant activity and wound healing, and cyclohexyl isocyanide (CyIso) to induce pseudopeptide structures. The internal crosslinking between GA and 4-FPBA via dynamic boronate ester bond formation, triggered by slight pH changes (7.4–7.8) and temperature elevation (25°C–40°C), resulted in the formation of viscoelastic and self-healing hydrogels with water as the only byproduct without the need for initiator/light activation. UgiGel showed higher adhesion to porcine skin tissue (139.8 ± 8.7 kPa) as compared to commercially available bioadhesives, Evicel (26.3 ± 2.6 kPa) and Coseal (19.3 ± 9.9 kPa). It also demonstrated effective antibacterial properties against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, as well as antioxidant activity. Additionally, the in vitro studies using NIH-3T3 cells confirmed the biocompatibility of the UgiGel over 7 days of culture. Moreover, in vivo biocompatibility and biodegradation of UgiGel were confirmed via subcutaneous implantation in rats for up to 28 days. Our results demonstrated that UgiGel outperformed commercially available bioadhesives in terms of adhesion, self-healing, and antibacterial activity, without compromising biocompatibility or physical properties, representing a promising multifunctional bioadhesive for wound sealing and repair.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Effects of Nano TiO2 and HA Reinforcement Ratio on Mechanical, Morphological, and Thermal Properties of PLA Matrix Bio Composites","authors":"Hatice Evlen,&nbsp;Sümeyye Ceren Eroğlu","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35590","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although bone tissue has the ability to regenerate itself, this regeneration capacity may be limited in large defects or pathological conditions. The development of biomaterials and tissue scaffolds is of critical importance in supporting bone regeneration. In this context, polymer nanocomposites, which are increasingly gaining interest in bone tissue engineering, benefit from both the flexibility of the polymer and the mechanical strength of inorganic components by dispersing nano-sized fillers in the polymer matrix. This study is important in terms of the multifaceted characterization of the hybrid composite material formed with optimized reinforcement ratios of polylactic acid (PLA), hydroxyapatite (HA), and titanium dioxide (TiO₂) components. The originality of the study stems from the comprehensive examination of the mechanical, morphological, thermal, and biological properties of the material in question and the determination of the optimum reinforcement range in light of data obtained from the studies of different researchers in the literature. This multiparameter and holistic approach contributes to the expansion of the potential application areas of the material and the development of a more in-depth understanding of the field of materials science. This study aims to investigate the thermal, mechanical, and morphological effects of HA and TiO₂ reinforcement and reinforcement ratio on nano PLA matrix material. To synthesize these composites, 10% nano HA and different ratios of nano TiO₂ (1%, 2%, and 3%) were added to the nano PLA matrix material. Specimens were prepared by using the casting particle removal method. For the biocompatibility test of the samples, all composite samples were immersed for 1–4 weeks in simulated body fluid (SBF). For the investigation of mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties, SEM, EDS, XRD, DTA, DCS, TG analyses, and compression tests were performed. As a result, it was observed that the apatite layer on the sample surfaces gradually thickened as the residence time in the SBF increased, and the HA and TiO₂ reinforcement to the matrix material supported the formation of the apatite layer. Also, the highest mass loss was seen in PLA/HA samples. The decomposition temperature of the composites decreased with the addition of HA and TiO₂ to the PLA matrix material. In addition, it has been observed that increasing the TiO₂ reinforcement ratio improves the mechanical properties of the composite and increases its strength.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35590","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143884047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Zn-Modified Hydroxyapatite Whiskers on Physicochemical and Biological Properties of Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Composites Intended for Implantable Medical Devices","authors":"Monika Biernat,&nbsp;Joanna Pagacz,&nbsp;Paweł Piszko,&nbsp;Małgorzata Siwińska,&nbsp;Emilia Zachanowicz,&nbsp;Sylwia Michlewska,&nbsp;Agnieszka Antosik,&nbsp;Paulina Tymowicz-Grzyb,&nbsp;Anna Sylla,&nbsp;Piotr Szterner,&nbsp;Adrian Najmrodzki,&nbsp;Mateusz Urbaniak,&nbsp;Paulina Rusek-Wala,&nbsp;Aleksandra Szwed-Georgiou,&nbsp;Karolina Rudnicka,&nbsp;Konrad Szustakiewicz","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35586","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)-hydroxyapatite (HAP) biocomposites were produced by thermal processing to test the impact of HAP addition on the physicochemical and biological properties of PCL. Two different HAPs: zinc-modified and unmodified, were added to the polymer matrix to enhance their biocompatibility, surface properties, and antimicrobial activity. The overall properties of biocomposites were assessed by thermal and mechanical analysis, while their structure and morphology were assessed by electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. A short-term degradation process of the composites in terms of their medical application was carried out, and biocompatibility was investigated regarding cytocompatibility, immunocompatibility, and bactericidal activity. PCL/HAP composites with 15 wt.% HAP offer the best-balanced properties with a moderate decrease in mechanical strength, cytocompatibility, and a moderate increase in antimicrobial activity. All the composites show high cytocompatibility with both L929 fibroblasts and hFOB 1.19 human fetal osteoblasts. Zn modification promoted their antimicrobial properties, and they have been proven safe for use in a short degradation test. Therefore, the PCL/HAP and PCL/HAP_Zn biocomposites have potential for medical applications, especially for bone regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35586","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Different Geometry Poly(L-Lactide-Co-Glycolide-Co-Trimethylene Carbonate Oligomer) Scaffolds Fabricated by Material Extrusion 3D Printing for Adipose Derived Stem Cells Culture","authors":"Piotr Paduszyński,&nbsp;Jakub Włodarczyk,&nbsp;Jakub Rok,&nbsp;Małgorzata Pastusiak,&nbsp;Zuzanna Rzepka,&nbsp;Agnieszka Ochab,&nbsp;Paulina Karpeta-Jarząbek,&nbsp;Arkadiusz Orchel,&nbsp;Dorota Wrześniok,&nbsp;Janusz Kasperczyk","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35580","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The combination of stem cells, growth factors, and biomaterials has driven significant advancements in tissue engineering. Depending on the specific tissue requiring regeneration, the scaffold structure and cell type must be carefully selected. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) have garnered considerable interest due to their ease of isolation and high differentiation potential. However, cellular components alone are often insufficient for complete tissue regeneration, making the selection of an appropriate scaffold structure a critical factor. Modern additive manufacturing techniques enable the precise design and fabrication of scaffolds with tailored properties and architectures. This study presents comprehensive research in tissue engineering, polymer chemistry, and polymer processing, focusing on the fabrication of scaffolds with varying architectures for ADSC culture using additive manufacturing. A poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide-co-trimethylene carbonate oligomer) (PLGA-oTMC) terpolymer of defined molar composition and microstructure was synthesized and processed into a filament suitable for 3D printing via the Material Extrusion (formerly Fused Deposition Modeling) method, which has not yet been demonstrated in scientific research. Optimized molar composition, microstructure, and average molar mass of PLGA-oTMC ensured an appropriate melt viscosity, facilitating 3D printing under conditions that minimized polymer thermal degradation. This, in turn, enabled effective cell culture. The resulting scaffolds exhibited favorable biocompatibility, as evidenced by high ADSC viability and proliferation capacity. However, variations in scaffold architecture influenced ADSC colonization, with certain designs promoting more effective adhesion and cytoskeletal organization. The good viability and proliferative ability of ADSC strongly suggest that PLGA-oTMC scaffolds, combined with stem cells, show great promise for the engineering of damaged tissues such as bone or cartilage.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanocellulose Technologies: Production, Functionalization, and Applications in Medicine and Pharmaceuticals - A Review","authors":"Mohammad Al-Zu'bi,&nbsp;Mizi Fan","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35585","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review provides a comprehensive analysis of nanocellulose production, characterization, and applications, with a particular focus on its use in membranes and films for healthcare applications. The diverse sources of nanocellulose, including wood-based materials, agricultural byproducts, algae, and bacteria, are explored, highlighting their renewability, environmental benefits, and adaptability for specialized applications. The review also examines various pretreatment and processing methods, such as mechanical, chemical, and enzymatic treatments, outlining their roles in achieving desirable nanocellulose properties. Additionally, surface modification techniques, including amidation and esterification, are discussed for enhancing compatibility, stability, and performance when nanocellulose is integrated into composite materials. A novel mechanochemical approach is highlighted as a sustainable and energy-efficient fibrillation technique that reduces the environmental impact of nanocellulose production. Furthermore, the chemical modification and functionalization of nanocellulose are analyzed to expand its capabilities in advanced biomedical applications, including tissue engineering scaffolds that provide structural support for cell growth, wound dressings that leverage nanocellulose's antimicrobial and moisture-retentive properties, and drug delivery systems that utilize its biocompatibility and tunable release characteristics. The review concludes with future research directions, emphasizing the need for continued optimization of processing techniques, hybrid material development, and stimuli-responsive nanocellulose systems to unlock new biomedical and industrial applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143857019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “In Vitro Reliability and Stress Distribution of Wide Diameter Extra-Short Implants as Support for Single Crowns and Fixed Partial Dentures”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35587","url":null,"abstract":"<p>V. F. Vargas-Moreno, M. C. O. Ribeiro, R. S. Gomes, et al., “In Vitro Reliability and Stress Distribution of Wide Diameter Extra-Short Implants as Support for Single Crowns and Fixed Partial Dentures,” <i>Journal of Biomedical Materials Research</i> 113, no. 3 (2025): e35560. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35560.</p><p>Figures 1 and 2 in this article are incorrect. They were plotted based on incorrect data from the pilot study analysis and not the correct final data from this study, which are described in the text of the article. The figures were swapped when the files were uploaded. The correct figures are below:</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35587","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143857059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diffusion of Hydrogen Peroxide Through Medical Grade Poly(Ether)urethane: Analyzing Mechanisms of Sorption and Transport to Support Sterilization With Vapor Phase Hydrogen Peroxide","authors":"Ioan P. I. Gitsov,&nbsp;Yunzhi Liu,&nbsp;David M. Saylor,&nbsp;Angela L. Hendrickx,&nbsp;Ann M. Gronda,&nbsp;Maruti N. Sinha,&nbsp;Eric Long,&nbsp;Shan Liu,&nbsp;Ruibo Hu,&nbsp;Jon W. Weeks,&nbsp;Michael Eppihimer,&nbsp;Kimberly A. Chaffin","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35567","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently announced an update to their 510(k) medical device sterility guidance to include vapor phase hydrogen peroxide (VH2O2) as an established ‘Category A’ sterilization process. This places VH2O2 in the same category as ethylene oxide (EO or EtO), which has demonstrated user and patient safety as well as microbiocidal effectiveness through scientific literature and FDA-recognized consensus standards. For some implantable medical devices, the sterilant chemistry must diffuse through the polymers of construction to access sealed parts of the finished assembly to achieve an appropriate sterility assurance level. Diffusion of EO through materials has been well established over decades of successful use. However, the ability of VH2O2 to diffuse through materials of construction has not been demonstrated. In this work, we measured the diffusivity and permeability of VH2O2 for a series of increasing durometer poly(ether)urethanes (PEUs) commonly used in the construction of single-use medical devices. The diffusion coefficients were 1 × 10⁻⁸ cm²/s for PEU75D, 2 × 10⁻⁸ cm²/s for PEU55D, and 5 × 10⁻⁸ cm²/s for PEU80A. The permeabilities were calculated to be 4.7 × 10⁻⁶ cm²/s and 1.3 × 10⁻⁵ cm²/s for PEU55D and PEU80A, respectively. For a typical cardiac or neuromodulation lead, the PEU80A wall thickness is on the order of 0.013 cm, resulting in penetration of hydrogen peroxide into the sealed construction in less than 10 min, a timeframe that is a fraction of the total sterilization cycle time.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35567","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Impact of Polysaccharide-Based Nanoemulsions in Drug Delivery","authors":"Biswajit Basu,&nbsp;Srabona Dutta,&nbsp;Monosiz Rahaman,&nbsp;Swarnali Dutta,&nbsp;Mohd Nazam Ansari,&nbsp;Bhupendra G. Prajapati,&nbsp;Ayon Dutta,&nbsp;Sourav Ghosh","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35582","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nanoemulsions are tiny mixtures of water and oil stabilized by surfactants, and they have become increasingly popular across various industries, including medicine. With droplet sizes in the nanometer scale, these mixtures are both compact and effective. This discussion explores the potential of polysaccharide-based nanotechnology as an innovative approach to drug delivery. Nanoemulsions offer several benefits, such as enhanced drug solubility and bioavailability, which are crucial for drugs that poorly dissolve in water. The incorporation of natural polysaccharides as emulsifiers in these nanoemulsions ensures their biocompatibility and safety within the body. Additionally, nanoemulsions can facilitate a sustained release of medications, allowing for gradual drug release over an extended period. This controlled release can be achieved through the careful selection and formulation of polysaccharides. This review addresses the methods for producing polysaccharide-based nanoemulsions and examines their physical and chemical properties. It highlights the influence of polysaccharide molecular weight and structure on the stability of nanoemulsions and the effectiveness of drug encapsulation. By understanding these factors, researchers can develop more efficient and safe drug delivery systems utilizing nanoemulsions. Additionally, the present article provides explicit and thorough information about the use of NPLS-based nano-carriers encapsulating a number of drugs designed to treat a variety of conditions, such as diabetes, cancer, HIV, malaria, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, and skin diseases. For this reason, it is very important to review the most recent developments in polysaccharide-based nano-biocarriers in drug delivery and their application in the treatment of diseases. In this work, we concentrated on the preparation of polysaccharide-based nano-biocarriers, commonly used polysaccharides for the preparation of nano-biocarriers, and drugs loaded on polysaccharide-based nano-biocarriers to treat diseases. In the near future, polysaccharide-based nano-biocarriers will be used more and more frequently in drug delivery and disease treatment.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local Sustained-Release of Triamcinolone-Acetonide-Loaded Regenerated Silk Fibroin Formulations for the Inhibition of Scar Hyperplasia in Rabbit Ears","authors":"Xinling Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaoxue Wang,&nbsp;Zhongyang Sun,&nbsp;Rongxin Ren,&nbsp;Jinping Ding,&nbsp;Wenjiang Qian,&nbsp;Hongyi Zhao,&nbsp;Jianjun Zhang,&nbsp;Shiwei Bao","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35578","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the safety, efficacy, and underlying mechanisms of triamcinolone-acetonide-loaded silk fibroin formulations in inhibiting scar hyperplasia in rabbit ears. This study employed molecular induction self-assembly and high-energy ball milling to prepare triamcinolone acetonide (Tr-A)-loaded sustained-release microspheres, RSF-Tr-A, using different inducers and concentrations of regenerated silk fibroin (RSF). Bio-safety was confirmed via CCK-8 and Live-Dead assays. The levels of growth factors and inflammatory cytokines were examined through RT-PCR. In a rabbit ear scar model, ultrasound Doppler assessed scar thickness and blood flow, a colorimeter recorded scar color changes, and Masson's trichrome staining evaluated collagen content and new collagen changes. CD31 immunohistochemistry determined vascular content in scarred skin. The RSF-Tr-A microsphere formulation was successfully prepared. In vitro tests showed good biosafety and significant inhibition of fibroblast proliferation and migration (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). It also promoted apoptosis (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and reduced tube formation (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01 and <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). RT-PCR confirmed suppression of VEGF, EGF, bFGF, TGF-β1, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). In a rabbit ear scar model, VSS and SEI scores were significantly lower (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and scar color difference was significantly different (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) at 5 W post-treatment. Histological analyses showed milder inflammation and collagen hyperplasia inhibition (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 and <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and reduced new blood vessel formation. The RSF-Tr-A microsphere formulation demonstrates good bio-safety and can effectively suppress fibroblast proliferation, collagen synthesis, inflammatory responses, and neovascularization through sustained release, thereby inhibiting scar hypertrophy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The In Vivo Biological Response to Intra-Articular Injected Polycarbonate Urethane Wear Debris Particles","authors":"Jane A. E. Gruisen,&nbsp;Ilona M. Punt,&nbsp;Ryan Siskey,&nbsp;Pieter Emans,&nbsp;Aylvin Dias,&nbsp;Martijn Poeze,&nbsp;Alex K. Roth","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35579","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wear particles invariably form due to contact and friction between articulating surfaces in orthopedic prosthetic joint replacements. Polycarbonate urethane (PCU) has shown low wear rates and invoked minimal local biological response to wear debris in various orthopedic applications. However, controlled preclinical studies have not yet studied the biological response to PCU particles in synovial joints. This study aims to evaluate the biological response to mostly submicron-sized PCU wear particles in synovial joints in a rabbit model representing a worst-case scenario. PCU and ultra-high-molecular-weight-polyethene (UHMWPE) particles were generated in vitro, and particle characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. Fifteen New Zealand white rabbits, divided into three groups, received bilateral injections in the knee joint with 10 mg/mL PCU, UHMWPE particles, or saline (all 0.2 mL). After 3 months, the biological response in the joint was evaluated by histopathological reactivity scoring. The generated PCU and UHMWPE wear particles were mainly in the biologically active size range with an average equivalent circle diameter (ECD) of 0.31 μm (±0.48) and 6.99 μm (±16.32), respectively. There was a minimal to non-existing biological response (score ≤ 0.5) to PCU (0.5 ± 1.0), UHMWPE particles (0.6 ± 1.3) and saline (0.0 ± 0.0). Also, the wear particles did not disperse from the injection site. The results of this study support the use of PCU as a bearing surface in orthopedic prosthetic joint replacements by indicating that even in the likelihood that wear particles are generated, they are not likely to trigger a strong inflammatory response.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35579","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}