Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials最新文献

{"title":"A Review of Magnesium Alloys In Vivo Antibacterial Properties: Challenges, Solutions, and Perspectives in Implant-Associated Orthopedic Infections","authors":"Igor A. Khlusov,&nbsp;Konstantin A. Prosolov,&nbsp;Yurii P. Sharkeev,&nbsp;Anna V. Gorokhova,&nbsp;Alex A. Volinsky","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35602","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are promising materials for medical applications due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. While Mg has inherent antibacterial properties, further enhancements are essential to meet clinical needs. A major challenge is achieving effective antimicrobial performance alongside controlled corrosion rates. This review examines in vivo studies and preclinical trials of antimicrobial Mg alloys and coatings, exploring their antibacterial mechanisms, the impact of additives, and the role of coatings in enhancing performance. It highlights the dual role of antimicrobial additives, which improve antibacterial action but may accelerate corrosion, complicating clinical use. Advances in coating technologies are discussed, focusing on strategies to incorporate antimicrobial elements while reducing corrosion and improving biocompatibility. Insights from recent in vivo studies and preclinical trials shed light on real-world effectiveness, safety, and regulatory challenges. The review emphasizes the progress made in developing antimicrobial Mg alloys and identifies critical challenges for their clinical applications. Continued research is needed to optimize these materials for safe and effective use, contributing to improved patient outcomes and advancing biomaterials science.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Sandwiched Patch for Prevention of Pelvic Adhesion After Uterine Operation","authors":"Weiying Liang,&nbsp;Dongmei Chen,&nbsp;Minzhi Hou,&nbsp;Wei Yang,&nbsp;Meiqing Xie,&nbsp;Xiaozhu Zhong","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35600","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevention of postoperative adhesions remains a critical clinical challenge in gynecological surgery, as these pathological formations may lead to intestinal obstruction, chronic pelvic pain, and reproductive complications. Regarding the clinical application of anti-adhesion barriers, current products including but not limited to Interceed and chitosan-based dressings have demonstrated suboptimal efficacy in practice. We developed a triple-layer patch comprising: (1) a tissue-adhesive inner layer of polyacrylic acid-gelatin composite, (2) a mechanically dissipative intermediate layer of polyglycine, and (3) an anti-adhesive external layer of polyzwitterionic polymer. In this study, we investigated the antiadhesion effect of the triple-layer patch by using a uterine operation model in rats and reported that the triple-layer patch can inhibit the production of tumor necrosis factor-α and transforming growth factor beta 1, upregulate tissue-type plasminogen activator, and downregulate plasminogen activator inhibitor to inhibit inflammation and fibrosis. These findings substantiate that the triple-layer patch may have broad applicability to prevent postoperative adhesions through inhibition of inflammatory responses and fibrotic processes, demonstrating promising translational potential in gynecological surgery.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogenic Calcium Mineral-Chitosan Composite Nanofiber Dressing for Control of Traumatic Hemorrhage","authors":"Pranabesh Kumar Sasmal,&nbsp;Shalini Dasgupta,&nbsp;Jerzy Kubacki,&nbsp;Samsamul Hoque,&nbsp;Samit Kumar Nandi,&nbsp;Abhijit Chanda,&nbsp;Pallab Datta","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35601","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Effective biomaterials for traumatic hemorrhage control remain an unmet clinical challenge, while several potential biomaterials, like oyster shell waste, are emerging as key ecological hazards. Hemostatic nanofiber dressing using biogenic calcium powders from <i>Magallana cuttackensis</i> is reported here. Extracted and treated powders were characterized by XRD, EDX, XPS, and Raman spectroscopy to confirm the presence of CaO and Ca(OH)₂ as the calcium phases. A chitosan-based nanofiber matrix, one of the most commonly used hemostatic dressing materials, was used as a control nanofiber (CNF) and integrated with shell waste calcium minerals (MSWNF). The hemolysis of CNF and MSWNF nanofibers was 5% ± 0.3% and 4% ± 0.2%, respectively. The in vitro clotting time (CT) under CNF and MSWNF nanofibers was 230 ± 11 s and 198 ± 4 s, which, along with other parameters—prothrombin times (27 ± 0.4 s and 22 ± 0.6 s) and plasma recalcification time (76 ± 4 s and 47 ± 1 s)—indicated enhancement in hemostasis performance by MSWNF over CNF. After in vivo evaluation in the rabbit incision model, the bleeding time of the control group (274 ± 6 s) was longer than CNF (97 ± 8 s) or MSWNF (75 ± 5 s). Blood oozing until hemostasis was 0.380 g, 0.354 g, and 0.121 g under control gauge, CNF, and MSWNF, respectively, demonstrating enhancement in hemostasis performance by MSWNF. Further, histopathological examination proved continued epithelialization and formation of capillaries, indicative of wound healing. The results provide promising evidence for a more effective biomaterial from biogenic oyster shell waste than commonly employed hemostatic dressing materials.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Evaluation of Biomaterials for Heart Valve Prosthesis: High Hydrostatic and Enzymatic Treatments as Alternative for Bio-Derived Materials","authors":"Danila Vella,&nbsp;Parnaz Boodagh,&nbsp;Laura Modica De Mohac,&nbsp;Sang-Ho Ye,&nbsp;Federica Cosentino,&nbsp;Federica Scaglione,&nbsp;Sofia Dei Bardi,&nbsp;Giulia Polizzi,&nbsp;Garrett Coyan,&nbsp;William R. Wagner,&nbsp;Gaetano Burriesci,&nbsp;Antonio D'Amore","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35592","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Various biomaterials are currently used in clinical settings for heart valve repair and replacement. However, the optimal tissue preparation technique remains elusive. In this study, a non-crosslinked tissue obtained from bovine pericardium, developed by Adeka Corporation, was compared with three commercially-available tissues: two fixed tissues obtained from crosslinked bovine pericardium, CryoLife PhotoFix and LeMaitre CardioCel, and an unfixed one obtained from swine intestinal submucosa, CorMatrix CorPatch. The four biomaterials were used to produce aortic valve prostheses, and their hydrodynamic performance and durability were evaluated according to the ISO5840 standards. Resistance to calcification was evaluated by exposing the tissue to simulated body fluids, followed by SEM and Micro-CT analysis. Thrombogenicity was investigated by exposing the tissue to fresh ovine blood, followed by imaging with SEM and quantifying platelet deposition with lactate dehydrogenase assay. All constructed valves were compliant with the ISO5840 for hydrodynamic assessment. Non-crosslinked tissues, Adeka and CorPatch, showed lower durability but exhibited improved in vitro performances in the simulated biological environments compared to fixed ones. The Adeka tissue demonstrated significantly lower calcium (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05, Adeka vs. CardioCel, PhotoFix) and platelet deposition (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05, Adeka vs. CardioCel, CorPatch, PhotoFix), along with improved durability compared to the other unfixed tissue (Adeka 357,198 vs. CorPatch 0 cycles). In vitro experiments indicate that the crosslinked tissues, CardioCel and PhotoFix, provided mechanical strength adequate to withstand the operating conditions required for heart valve tissue applications. Whilst the Adeka material, a non-crosslinked tissue surrogate, provides improved properties in terms of resistance to calcification and thrombus formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35592","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144220363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface Modification of Polyetheretherketone With Calcium Phosphate Using Ultraviolet Functionalization","authors":"Paul M. DeSantis,&nbsp;Cemile Basgul,&nbsp;Hannah Spece,&nbsp;Steven M. Kurtz,&nbsp;Michele Marcolongo","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35599","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) medical devices have been shown to perform well as permanent implants, but the hydrophobicity of PEEK limits its osseointegration ability. Postprocessing techniques are used to improve osseointegration, with ultraviolet (UV) light-assisted functionalization being one possible method. We hypothesized that UV irradiation of PEEK could be used to graft hydroxyapatite (HAp) to its surface. PEEK samples were created via fused filament fabrication and submerged in 2× simulated body fluid (SBF). Samples were exposed to a 2 W/cm² UV light for 6 h and then placed in a water bath set to 37°C for a total of 72 h. After being washed with deionized water and dried, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) was performed on the functionalized samples, control PEEK samples that were not treated, and control samples that were soaked in SBF for 72 h but were not exposed to UV light. Images of the surface of the functionalized samples and controls were obtained using a scanning electron microscope with energy-dispersive spectroscopy. An in vitro cell study using mouse preosteoblasts was performed to verify if functionalization improves osteoconduction. Normalized alkaline phosphatase activity was used as a marker for osteogenic activity. Analysis revealed that UV-assisted functionalization successfully applied a layer of calcium phosphate material to the surface of the PEEK. After culturing functionalized surfaces in vitro, the addition of calcium phosphate was found to significantly improve osteogenic activity when compared to nonfunctionalized PEEK samples after 7 and 14 days.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Thickness and Calcium Phosphate Ceramic Inclusion on PTMC/PLGA Blend Membranes for Supporting Bone Regeneration","authors":"Ely Edson Paiva Barbosa,&nbsp;Isabella Ferreira Nardi Barbosa,&nbsp;Pedro Giorgetti Montagner,&nbsp;Lucas Novaes Teixeira,&nbsp;Lexie Shannon Holliday,&nbsp;Elizabeth Ferreira Martinez","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35598","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study assessed the physical and biological properties of membranes obtained by the electrospinning of a polymeric blend (70:30) of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) in two different thicknesses. Membranes were formed with or without incorporating ceramic particles containing 60% hydroxyapatite (HA) and 40% β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP). The following parameters were assessed: (i) ultrastructural characterization, (ii) measurement of surface area and total pore volume, (iii) tear resistance, (iv) dissolution pH evaluation, (iv) in vivo assessment of potential new bone formation in critical defects. The specimens were divided into the following sample groups: G1 = 300 μm, G2 = 300 μm + HA/TCP, G3 = 600 μm, G4 = 600 μm + HA/TCP. The findings revealed fibrillar structure in various orientations in all the groups. Surface area, total pore volume, and dissolution pH were higher in G2 and G4, compared with G1 and G3. Tear resistance was higher for thicker membranes. Furthermore, G4 showed a greater percentage of new bone volume and density at 30 days than the other groups. The results suggest that the polymeric blend of PLGA and PTMC is a promising material for use as a membrane for clinical guided bone regeneration procedures, and represents a potential alternative to the currently available products.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35598","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decellularised Amniotic Membrane for the Neurogenic Expression of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells","authors":"Jingwen Wu,&nbsp;Yantong Wang,&nbsp;Tong Zhang,&nbsp;Fenglin Yu,&nbsp;Yunci Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoyong Ran,&nbsp;Qi Hao,&nbsp;Yangyang Cao,&nbsp;Yanchuan Guo","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35588","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To observe the induction of neurogenic differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) by decellularized amniotic membrane (DAM), thereby promoting neural regeneration for peripheral neuropathy. Subcutaneous implantation and immunofluorescence staining were conducted to observe the condition of neural cells. Cell adhesion and viability were evaluated through adhesion assays and live/dead cell staining on the DAM. Spatial transcriptomics sequencing was performed to analyze the expression of genes related to adhesion and neural differentiation. Subsequently, stem cells were seeded onto the DAM, and immunofluorescence staining was used to observe neural cell markers and cell migration capabilities. Finally, a network pharmacological analysis, based on the spatial transcriptome results, was performed to identify neurological-related disorders that may be treated by DAM. The cell adhesion assays showed an increased number of adherent cells with normal morphology. Spatial transcriptomics analysis indicated that the DAM significantly upregulated genes associated with cell adhesion and neural differentiation. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that the DAM significantly induced the expression of neural marker proteins. Lastly, subcutaneous implantation demonstrated the aggregation of neural-related cells. DAM can promote stem cell adhesion, induce cell migration, and thereby enhance neural repair and regeneration in cases of peripheral neuropathy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Efficacy of S53P4 Bioactive Glass in Osteomyelitis Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Antoinette T. Nguyen,&nbsp;Rena A. Li,&nbsp;Robert D. Galiano","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35597","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Osteomyelitis remains a difficult-to-treat bone infection due to its high recurrence risk, complex surgical demands, and rising rates of multidrug-resistant organisms. While conventional treatments rely heavily on antibiotic-loaded materials, bioactive glass S53P4 offers a dual-action alternative, combining bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity with bone regenerative potential. A systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of S53P4 bioactive glass in osteomyelitis treatment. Twenty-eight studies published between 2000 and 2024, encompassing 1122 patients (mean age: 43.6 years), were included. Outcomes analyzed included infection eradication, recurrence, bone healing, functional recovery, and complications. The risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I for observational studies and the JBI checklist for case series. A meta-analysis of 10 studies reporting infection eradication at ≥ 12 months was performed using a random-effects model. The pooled infection eradication rate was 88.1% (95% CI: 85.4%–90.4%) with no significant heterogeneity (<i>I</i>² = 0%). Studies reported consistent efficacy across chronic, diabetic foot, mastoid, and jaw osteomyelitis. S53P4 was effective against polymicrobial and multidrug-resistant infections, including <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. Healing outcomes were favorable, with high rates of bone integration and return to function. Complications were uncommon and primarily related to soft tissue coverage. Most patients received systemic antibiotics; no studies required local antibiotic-loaded materials alongside S53P4. Bioactive glass S53P4 is a safe and effective adjunct in osteomyelitis management, demonstrating high long-term infection control, robust bone regeneration, and a low complication profile. Its nonantibiotic antimicrobial mechanism makes it particularly suitable in settings of antimicrobial resistance. Future studies should assess its long-term durability and applications in high-risk infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35597","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-Dimensional Assessment of Internal and Marginal Fit of Provisional Crowns Fabricated Using 3D-Printing Technology","authors":"Amanda Endres Willers,&nbsp;Marcelo Giannini,&nbsp;Ronaldo Hirata,&nbsp;Edmara T. P. Bergamo,&nbsp;Beatriz de Cássia Romano,&nbsp;Carolina Bosso André,&nbsp;Pablo J. Atria,&nbsp;Lukasz Witek","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35595","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the effect of silanized filler particles and blue light-sensitive photoinitiator system on the internal and marginal fit of 3D printed resin crowns as well as the volume of provisional cement space. This study evaluated three commercially available 3D-printing resins (Smart Print Temp/SP, Resilab 3D Temp/RL, and Cosmos Temp/CT). The experimental groups consisted of the addition of 30% by weight (30 wt%) of silanized filler particles and a blue light-sensitive Ternary Photoinitiator System (TPS). Samples were printed for each group (<i>n</i> = 10) and evaluated for internal and marginal fit and volume of cement space using a micro-computed tomography (μCT). The obtained data were analyzed by Generalized Linear Models (<i>α</i> = 0.05). The incorporation of TPS and filler particles to the 3D printing resins altered the internal fit and the marginal fit, increasing the cement space at the occlusal face and decreasing the cement space of the axial walls for all tested materials. The volume was significantly affected too, especially for RL and CT. Internal misfit was significantly higher with the addition of TPS, and marginal misfit with the addition of filler particles. In general, the incorporation of TPS and 30 wt% of filler particles promoted an increase in the volume of cement space, as well as an increase in occlusal space and marginal space and a decrease in the axial walls' spaces.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a New Curcumin-Loaded Dental Varnish for Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Application","authors":"Patricia Comeau,&nbsp;Maria Luisa Leite,&nbsp;Adriana Manso","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35596","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The main objective of this study was to develop a natural curcumin-loaded varnish that responds to blue light in an antimicrobial photodynamic therapy-based approach with photoelimination of targeted cells. Fluoride-free curcumin-loaded varnish (CUR-V) consisting of gum rosin (80 wt%) and ethanol (20 wt%) was loaded with 0, 0.25, and 10.0 wt% curcumin and then analyzed with FTIR. Subsequent investigation included applying ~19 mW/cm² blue light for 15, 30, or 60 min (in order of increasing energy dose) to the varnishes and measuring the change in varnish color and the production of reactive oxygen species (singlet oxygen and superoxide anion), as well as performing CFU count and XTT assays of 24-h mono-species biofilms of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i>. Lastly, a 72-h dual-species biofilm of both species was assessed with a CFU count assay. As the light energy applied to the 0.25% CUR-V and 0.00% CUR-V samples increased, there was a reduced and quantifiable difference in color between these two varnish groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). In addition, singlet oxygen production was most dependent on curcumin loading in the varnish, while superoxide anion production appeared more dependent on blue light energy (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001 for both). In subsequent investigations of mono- and dual-species biofilms, the ability to induce an agonistic antimicrobial response as a function of curcumin loading in the natural varnish and blue light energy was demonstrated. Inherently, as curcumin loading and blue light energy increased, the photoelimination of both species investigated increased. As expected, the impact of aPDT on the 72-h biofilm was less than that observed for the 24-h biofilm; however, the more mature dual-species biofilm still observed a photoelimination effect with greater curcumin concentration. This study provides early evidence toward the development of a new natural curcumin-loaded fluoride-free varnish that, when combined with blue light irradiation, shows significant potential to effectively provide a targeted antimicrobial response against cariogenic species. To date, there is no similar approach that can serve as a natural, fluoride-free over-the-counter alternative to assist in caries prevention and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35596","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}