Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials最新文献

{"title":"The In Vivo Biological Response to Intra-Articular Injected Polycarbonate Urethane Wear Debris Particles","authors":"Jane A. E. Gruisen,&nbsp;Ilona M. Punt,&nbsp;Ryan Siskey,&nbsp;Pieter Emans,&nbsp;Aylvin Dias,&nbsp;Martijn Poeze,&nbsp;Alex K. Roth","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35579","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wear particles invariably form due to contact and friction between articulating surfaces in orthopedic prosthetic joint replacements. Polycarbonate urethane (PCU) has shown low wear rates and invoked minimal local biological response to wear debris in various orthopedic applications. However, controlled preclinical studies have not yet studied the biological response to PCU particles in synovial joints. This study aims to evaluate the biological response to mostly submicron-sized PCU wear particles in synovial joints in a rabbit model representing a worst-case scenario. PCU and ultra-high-molecular-weight-polyethene (UHMWPE) particles were generated in vitro, and particle characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. Fifteen New Zealand white rabbits, divided into three groups, received bilateral injections in the knee joint with 10 mg/mL PCU, UHMWPE particles, or saline (all 0.2 mL). After 3 months, the biological response in the joint was evaluated by histopathological reactivity scoring. The generated PCU and UHMWPE wear particles were mainly in the biologically active size range with an average equivalent circle diameter (ECD) of 0.31 μm (±0.48) and 6.99 μm (±16.32), respectively. There was a minimal to non-existing biological response (score ≤ 0.5) to PCU (0.5 ± 1.0), UHMWPE particles (0.6 ± 1.3) and saline (0.0 ± 0.0). Also, the wear particles did not disperse from the injection site. The results of this study support the use of PCU as a bearing surface in orthopedic prosthetic joint replacements by indicating that even in the likelihood that wear particles are generated, they are not likely to trigger a strong inflammatory response.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35579","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curcumin-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles Modulate Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Activity and Maintain Intestinal Histoarchitecture in Drosophila melanogaster Larvae","authors":"Allisson Benatti Justino,&nbsp;Serena Mares Malta,&nbsp;Vinicius Prado Bittar,&nbsp;Maria Sol Peña Carrillo,&nbsp;Fernanda Naves Araújo do Prado Mascarenhas,&nbsp;Rafael Bernardes Ferreira,&nbsp;Alexandre Souza Marquez,&nbsp;Renata Graciele Zanon,&nbsp;Carlos Ueira-Vieira,&nbsp;Foued Salmen Espindola","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35581","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Embryonic development is highly sensitive to oxidative stress, which can disrupt homeostasis. A strategy for mitigating oxidative stress induced by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) involves the development of nanoparticles functionalized with phytoantioxidants through green chemistry methods, which also enhances the bioavailability of these antioxidants. In this study, environmentally friendly AuNPs were synthesized using curcumin (AuNPs-C), characterized by a spherical shape, uniform size, and a diameter of 7.2 ± 1.2 nm. The effects of AuNPs-C on oxidative stress in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> (Canton-S strain) during embryonic development were investigated, focusing on antioxidant defenses, oxidative damage, and morphological changes in the gastrointestinal tract. Exposure of <i>Drosophila</i> eggs to 50–200 μg/mL of AuNPs-C had no effect on hatching rates or pupal/adult development, with eclosion rates remaining above 50%. AuNPs-C did not elevate reactive oxygen species levels or induce lipid and protein oxidation in larvae exposed to 200 μg/mL. Oxidized protein products and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels remained comparable to those of the control group (70 ± 3 μM chloramine-T eq and 0.8 ± 0.1 nM MDA eq, respectively). Although AuNPs-C did not affect catalase activity or glutathione content, it reduced superoxide dismutase activity by 67% ± 6%. Additionally, AuNPs-C did not cause any damage to the gastrointestinal tract or alter the gut permeability of third-instar larvae. This study offers a deeper understanding of how AuNPs-C influence oxidative stress and antioxidant defense mechanisms in animal development and provides a basis for assessing the safety of phytoantioxidant-functionalized nanoparticles in vivo.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35581","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcium Sodium Phosphosilicate in Management of Dentin Hypersensitivity and Strategies for Reconstitution of the Dentin Matrix","authors":"Ramya Ramadoss,&nbsp;Rajashree Padmanabhan","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35576","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) prevalence ranges from 72.5%–98% and is common from the third decade of life. Despite the variety of products available, dentine hypersensitivity remains a persistent issue. From the vast array of existing products, ceramics specifically Calcium sodium phosphosilicate (CSPS) based glasses seem to be the most versatile material to manage dentin hypersensitivity. Literature clearly indicates that Calcium sodium phosphosilicate (CSPS) permits a multitude of possibilities as it allows integration with soft and hard tissues. The ability to generate a flexible structure has resulted in an array of modifications. These characteristics are most vital and target specific to dentin than other biomaterials. Developing a long-lasting cure for dentin caries and dentin hypersensitivity will significantly improve the quality of life for patients. Even though it has been used for dentin remineralization for over two decades, CSPS has been able to achieve only partial success in terms of strength and crystalline pattern. CSPS can be put into more effective use in terms of dentin remineralization by in-depth understanding of the dynamic matrisome and the mineralization process. CSPS can be optimized as a smart delivery method and applied as a sealant for pits and fissures in a comprehensive preventive dental caries initiative. CSPS-based drug delivery systems can effectively reconstitute the key molecules of the dentin matrix that are commonly damaged during dentinal caries or other pathologies. Additional adjustments to the mix can facilitate the development of dentin-bonding agents. This review seeks to summarize the studies on CSPS on dentin hypersensitivity, and it also elaborates on possible futuristic approaches to reconstitute the dentin matrix for effective management of DH.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive Glasses as Alternatives to Hydroxyapatite for Bone Implant Coatings: A Comparative Study","authors":"B. Garrido,&nbsp;N. Garcia-Giralt,&nbsp;M. A. Rodríguez,&nbsp;A. H. de Aza,&nbsp;I. G. Cano","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35577","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No material currently matches the remodeling rates of natural bone. Although hydroxyapatite is commonly employed as a bioactive coating material for implants, its resorption rate is relatively low. Conversely, bioactive glass materials offer versatility, as they can be tailored with various oxides and proportions to alter their structure and, consequently, their properties. This study examines various bioactive glasses as potential alternatives to hydroxyapatite coatings used in bone implants. Coatings were fabricated using commercial compositions, 45S5 and S53P4, and the 62W composition, which is not yet commercially available. Atmospheric Plasma Spray was utilized to deposit the different bioactive materials onto titanium alloy substrates. The coatings obtained underwent analysis via scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. It was observed that all bioactive glass coatings exhibited an amorphous structure, with the 62W coating showing less porosity. Mechanical and in vitro tests were conducted to assess their properties. The composition of the bioactive glasses significantly influenced the bond strength and bioactive capacity of the coatings, as well as the cellular response of the coating. The study suggests that bioactive glasses, especially the 62W composition, represent a considerable alternative as coating material.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical Modeling and Validation of Radial Stiffness in Zigzag-Shaped Stents: Experimental and Numerical Approaches","authors":"Moshe Brand,&nbsp;Nadav Sharon","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35574","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Stents and stent grafts (SGs) are used in many endovascular procedures. Clinical studies have revealed that radial stiffness (RS) in stents increases pressure on the artery wall, which can cause restenosis and, in some cases, require repeated intervention. This study aimed to validate an analytical model for calculating the RS of stents and SG with a zigzag-shaped structure. Four commercial SGs with varying geometric dimensions and material properties were selected. The analytical model's RS calculations were compared with experimental measurements and numerical model predictions. An excellent agreement was observed between the RS values measured in the experimental system and those calculated in the analytical model, with an average difference of 2.4% ± 3.3%. Validation of the analytical model enables the design of stents with a desired RS that is optimally suited to a specific patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35574","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immobilization of Antibacterial Chlorhexidine on Biodegradable Polycaprolactone/Estradiol Electrospun Nanofibrous Membrane for Bone Regeneration","authors":"Dida Faadihilah Khrisna,&nbsp;Jaweria Ambreen,&nbsp;Tan Yu Wei,&nbsp;Nurul Aina Haziqah Riduan,&nbsp;Nurizzati Mohd Daud,&nbsp;Norhidayu Muhamad Zain,&nbsp;Faizuan Abdullah,&nbsp;Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Malek,&nbsp;Mokhamad Fakhrul Ulum,&nbsp;Syafiqah Saidin","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35575","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Membrane-based scaffold for bone regeneration is vastly being explored to address issues that persist in defective bone regeneration, associated with infection and inflammation. This study focused on incorporating estradiol (E2) into biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun nanofibrous membrane, followed by the immobilization with antibacterial chlorhexidine (CHX) through the aid of a polydopamine (PDA) grafting layer. Several analyses including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), wettability, biodegradation, drug release, antibacterial, and cytotoxicity analyses were conducted to study the physicochemical and biological properties of the membranes. The nanofibers were constructed with an average diameter of 1.32–1.33 μm and a porosity of 51%–53%, which is accommodating bone regeneration. The grafting of PDA was not only able to improve the surface wettability, which in turn allowed controllable degradability and sustained the release of E2 and CHX from the nanofibrous membranes. The immobilization of CHX on the PCL/E2 nanofibers has greatly retarded Gram-negative <i>Escherichia coli</i> compared to Gram-positive <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay statistically depicted the ability of the fabricated nanofibrous membranes to support cell proliferation without cytotoxic effects at the cell viability above 70%. These cumulative results indicate the potential development of CHX-immobilized PCL/E2 membrane as an alternative strategy to resolve bone regeneration issues.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Biofilm Accumulation on Conventional and CAD/CAM Orthodontic Band Alloys (In Vivo) and Subsequent Enamel Demineralization (Ex Vivo)","authors":"Amelia Horsnell,&nbsp;Mauro Farella,&nbsp;Geoffrey Tompkins,&nbsp;Wendy-Ann Jansen van Vuuren","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35573","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biofilm accumulation can lead to enamel decalcification, gingivitis, and periodontal disease. The objective of this study was to compare the accumulation of biofilm under in vivo conditions and consequent ex vivo acid production and enamel demineralization around the material used for “off-the-shelf” conventional and CAD/CAM orthodontics bands. The study design required both in vivo and in vitro approaches. An experimental model was utilized to combine the exposure of an in vivo formed biofilm to in vitro cariogenic conditions to achieve the objective. Twenty-one consenting participants took part in this study. Participants wore custom intraoral appliances containing six bovine enamel discs (three on each maxillary arch) for 48 h. Tiles made from conventional stainless steel bands (SS tiles group), CAD/CAM tiles made of Sintron cobalt-chromium (CoCr) sinter metal (Sintron tiles group), and no tile (control group) were randomly assigned to disc positions such that each appliance contained two tiles from each group (126 tiles in total). Participants immersed the appliances in sucrose solution (10% w/v) for 5 min, five times per day. After 48 h, appliances were removed, the discs were recovered, and incubated in glucose (1%)/PBS for 24 h. The pH of the glucose/PBS measured the relative acid produced by the accumulated biofilm, and calcium released from the discs quantified demineralization. Disclosing dye was used to stain and delineate the biofilm before each disc was digitally photographed and analyzed to determine the biofilm coverage. The mean biofilm coverage ranged between 0% and 86% (mean 9.63%) of disc surface area, but there was no difference in biofilm coverage between tile groups or between tile positions. Significantly less acid was generated by the control discs biofilms (mean pH 5.06) than either SS or CAD/CAM tiles biofilms (pH 4.72 and 4.84, respectively), which were not different from one another. Position on the appliance did not affect acid production. Control discs experienced greater demineralization (mean 136 μg Ca/disc) than either the SS (122 μg Ca/disc) or Sintron (114 μg Ca/disc) tile groups, which suffered equivalent demineralization. Position on the appliances did not influence demineralization. The study provides no evidence that CAD/CAM-designed components of orthodontic bands are more beneficial than conventional bands in terms of biofilm accumulation and consequent caries risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35573","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chitosan-Nanogold and Chitosan-Nanozinc Electrodeposited Coatings for Biomedical Applications","authors":"M. Bartmański,&nbsp;M. Wekwejt,&nbsp;K. Urbanowicz,&nbsp;A. Mielewczyk-Gryń,&nbsp;G. Gajowiec,&nbsp;A. Pałubicka,&nbsp;A. Michno,&nbsp;P. K. Serafin,&nbsp;P. Koszałka","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35571","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bacterial infections represent a significant challenge to the success rate of both short- and long-term titanium implants. Consequently, there is a persistent need for effective strategies to prevent such infections. In this study, chitosan-based coatings modified with gold or zinc nanoparticles, recognized for their antibacterial properties, were electrophoretically deposited (EPD) onto the Ti13Zr13Nb alloy and thoroughly characterized. The effects of EPD voltage, surfactant use, and metallic nanoparticle type and concentration were investigated with regard to the microstructure and properties of the obtained chitosan-based coatings. Incorporating metallic nanoparticles into the chitosan matrix increased surface roughness (from 54 nm to even 146 nm), particularly at higher EPD voltages, resulting in a composite structure containing nanometal clusters. The addition of gold nanoparticles reduced the thickness of the coatings (from 3.90 μm for the chitosan coating with Tween20–3.43 μm); zinc had no effect. Reducing the deposition voltage from 20 V to 10 V resulted in a thickness reduction of around 50% for all tested modifications. The improvement in plastic deformation resistance (indicated by the H³/E² ratio) was demonstrated for gold and zinc coatings deposited at lower voltages (from 0.34 MPa for the chitosan coating with Tween20 to 1.00 MPa for the gold half and 1.78 MPa for the zinc coating). A twofold increase in voltage resulted in a significant enhancement of coating adhesion—by approximately 177% for gold-added coatings and 138% for zinc-added coatings. Biological responses were dependent upon the types and concentrations of nanometals. Nanogold induced erythrocyte hemolysis, whereas nanozinc exhibited no adverse effects. Notably, gold-doped coatings demonstrated antibacterial efficacy against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, while zinc-doped counterparts did not. Both nanometals, however, demonstrated reduced cytocompatibility at higher concentrations. Biological response tests indicated that 2-fold and 4-fold dilutions of the extracted medium do not show cytotoxicity for gold and zinc nanoparticles, respectively. These findings highlight the considerable extent to which coating parameters can be modified by adjusting selected EPD process parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35571","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcium Sulfate Bone Substitutes in Clinical Use: History, Material Properties, Application, and Outlook for the Future","authors":"Josina Straub,&nbsp;Andreas Sewing,&nbsp;Nike Walter,&nbsp;Ronald Man Yeung Wong,&nbsp;Volker Alt,&nbsp;Christian Heiss,&nbsp;Markus Rupp","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35555","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Calcium sulfate-based materials have been used in medicine since the 19th century. Their application makes a significant part in the field of bone regeneration in biomedical engineering. Calcium sulfate is a versatile product that is used not only in the reconstruction of bone defects but also as an antibiotic carrier. Various types of calcium sulfate-based bone grafts have demonstrated their safety, well-tolerance, biodegradability, and osteoconductive properties, making them a potential substitute for autogenous bone transplant in the treatment of bone defects. Calcium sulfate and different-sized calcium sulfate beads can be produced and loaded with different antimicrobial substances. High concentrations of antimicrobial agents can be obtained by applying these locally to affected tissue. This review aims to (1) highlight the development and milestones already achieved in the use of calcium sulfate products and (2) outline the material properties and application areas with their related advantages and disadvantages of calcium sulfate products. Lastly, (3) an outlook for the future of calcium sulfate-based biomaterials is given.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35555","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Effect of Implant Surface Physicochemical Modifications and Macrogeometry on the Early Stages of Osseointegration: An In Vivo Preclinical Study","authors":"Ernesto B. Benalcázar-Jalkh,&nbsp;Vasudev Vivekanand Nayak,&nbsp;Blaire V. Slavin,&nbsp;Isis Fatima Balderrama,&nbsp;Estevam A. Bonfante,&nbsp;Paulo G. Coelho,&nbsp;Lukasz Witek","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35569","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This preclinical, in vivo study aimed to histologically and histomorphometrically evaluate the effect of implant design features on bone healing during the early stages of osseointegration. Three different implant macrogeometries and surface treatments were evaluated: (1) trapezoidal threads with decompressing vertical chambers and blasted acid-etched surface (Maestro/Blasted+AE); (2) large thread pitch implant with deep and wide threads, with TiUnite surface (RS/TiUnite); and (3) progressive buttress threads with SLActive surface (BL/SLActive). Implant surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, profilometry, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Implants were placed in the iliac bone of 12 female sheep (~65 kg and 2 years old). Following healing times of 3- and 6- weeks, samples were harvested and subjected to qualitative and quantitative histological/histomorphometric evaluations. Percentages of bone-to-implant contact (%BIC) along the implant's perimeter and bone area fraction occupancy (%BAFO) within implant threads were measured, and results were analyzed using a linear mixed model analysis. All implants, irrespective of differences in macrogeometry and surface treatment, at both healing times demonstrated successful osseointegration. Evaluations of %BIC yielded no statistically significant differences among groups at 3 and 6 weeks (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.052). While no significant differences were detected among groups for %BAFO at 3 weeks (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.249), Maestro/Blasted+AE yielded significantly higher degrees of bone formation within implant threads relative to RS/TiUnite (<i>p</i> = 0.043) and BL/SLActive group (<i>p</i> = 0.032) at the 6-week time point. Qualitative histological analyses depicted different osseointegration features for the different implants. While Maestro/Blasted+AE portrayed evidence of an intramembranous-like osseointegration pathway in the healing chambers and interfacial remodeling at thread tips, BL/SLActive and RS/TiUnite groups predominantly presented an interfacial bone remodeling healing pathway. Implant design features influenced the osseointegration pathway, where implants with decompressing vertical chambers enhanced bone formation between implant threads.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35569","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}