Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials最新文献

{"title":"Surface Modification of Stainless Steel 316L by Electrophoretic Deposition of Hydroxyapatite for Enhanced Biocompatibility","authors":"Sehrish Mukhtar,&nbsp;Muhammad Hamza,&nbsp;Asima Tayyeb,&nbsp;Isbah Ashfaq,&nbsp;Faraz Hussain,&nbsp;Muhammad Ishtiaq,&nbsp;Sung-Gyu Kang","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35618","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Stainless Steel 316L (SS316L) was coated with hydroxyapatite (HA) by electrophoretic deposition method. The uncoated and two coated samples (at 20 V for 20 min, and 30 V for 30 min) were compared to investigate the coating effect on hardness, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. The microstructures of uncoated and HA-coated samples were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDX). Scratch test and micro Vickers hardness test were used to evaluate the adhesion and hardness of HA-coated samples. The electrochemical and in vitro biocompatibility analyses were carried out using Potentiostat and Cytotoxicity Assay. Cross-sectional SEM images showed uniform, homogenous, and crack-free HA coating on SS316L with a thickness of 45 μm at 20 V and 55 μm at 30 V. EDX analysis revealed the presence of calcium, phosphorous, and oxygen elements in the coated SS316L surface. The average surface hardness was 245 HV and 289 HV for coated samples at 20 and 30 V respectively. The scratch test showed better adhesive strength of coating, and electrochemical testing in Ringer Lactate solution showed improved corrosion resistance for the coated sample at 30 V as compared to 20 V and the uncoated sample. The cytotoxicity assay confirmed improved cell viability and growth on SS316L samples coated with HA at 30 V as compared to 20 V and uncoated samples. SS316L with HA coating at 30 V, with its better mechanical properties, low corrosion resistance, and good biocompatibility, represents a potential biomaterial candidate for biomedical applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144606462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Peri-Implant Bone Repair of Commercially Pure Titanium or Titanium-Aluminum-Vanadium Alloy Implants With or Without Laser-Modified Surface","authors":"Laís Kawamata de Jesus,&nbsp;Henrique Hadad,&nbsp;Luis Fernando Alves da Silva,&nbsp;Letícia Gabriella de Souza Rodrigues,&nbsp;Ana Flávia Piquera Santos,&nbsp;Thallita Pereira Queiroz,&nbsp;Rodolfo Debone Piazza,&nbsp;Fernando Pozzi Semeghini Guastaldi,&nbsp;Pier Paolo Poli,&nbsp;Carlo Maiorana,&nbsp;Antonio Carlos Guastaldi,&nbsp;Roberta Okamoto,&nbsp;Francisley Ávila Souza","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35610","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the peri-implant bone repair of implants manufactured from commercially pure titanium <i>(cp-Ti)</i> or titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy <i>(Ti-6Al-4 V)</i> with machined <i>(MS)</i> or laser-modified <i>(LS)</i> surfaces. Implants (<i>n</i> = 192) were installed in the tibias of 96 rats and divided according to the implant installed: (1) cpMS: <i>cp-Ti</i> with an MS surface, (2) cpLS: <i>cp-Ti</i> with an LS surface, (3) alloyMS: <i>Ti-6Al-4 V</i> with an MS surface, and (4) alloyLS: <i>Ti-6Al-4 V</i> with an LS surface. Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM–EDX) analysis was performed prior to implant placement. At 14, 21, and 42 days, biomechanical analysis, SEM–EDX of the removed implants, and measurement of the percentage of bone-implant contact (%BIC) and neoformed bone area (%NBA) were performed. At 42 days, the mineral apposition rate (MAR) and bone dynamics were analyzed. At 14 and 21 days, the alloyLS group showed higher removal torque values than cpLS (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). For SEM–EDX, the cpLS and alloyLS groups showed surfaces covered by bone tissue and higher peaks of calcium and phosphorus. No statistical differences were observed for %BIC, and at 14 days, a higher %NBA was found for alloyLS than cpLS (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). At 42 days, in bone dynamics, alloyLS showed a higher amount of calcein compared to cpLS (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), and higher MAR values were observed for cpLS (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The alloyLS group promoted accelerated peri-implant bone repair at 14 and 21 days. However, at 42 days, cpLS surpassed the values of removal torque, %BIC, %NBA, bone dynamics, and MAR.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitinol in Orthopedic Applications: Clinical Insights, Performance Challenges, and Future Directions","authors":"Niyou Wang,&nbsp;Veluru Jagadeesh Babu,&nbsp;Namith Rangaswamy,&nbsp;Si Jian Hui,&nbsp;Joshua K,&nbsp;James Thomas Patrick Decourcy Hallinan,&nbsp;Senthil Kumar A,&nbsp;Naresh Kumar","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35615","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The increasing prevalence of spinal disorders has spurred continuous innovation in implant design and biomaterials. Among emerging options, Nitinol has gained significant interest due to its unique combination of shape memory effect, superelasticity, and mechanical compatibility with bone tissue. These characteristics make it a promising candidate for spinal implants that support minimally invasive surgery and motion preservation. This review offers a comprehensive overview of Nitinol's clinical applications in orthopedics, with a particular focus on spinal procedures. It explores key material properties, device types, and performance benefits, including reduced stress shielding and improved implant-tissue integration. A wide range of Nitinol-based devices such as screws, plates and rods, nails, artificial discs, staples, and dynamic systems are discussed alongside clinical outcomes and case studies. Emerging directions such as additive manufacturing for patient-specific implants, and smart Nitinol systems with integrated sensing or actuation capabilities are discussed. In addition, challenges in thermal control, manufacturing reproducibility, and evolving regulatory standards are addressed. By synthesizing current advancements and unmet needs, this review highlights the clinical potential of Nitinol implants and outlines future directions for their safe, effective, and scalable integration into orthopedic practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35615","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144536967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibody Mediated Osseous Regeneration (AMOR) in Conjunction With Decortication in Rabbit Calvaria Model","authors":"Seiko Min,&nbsp;Thomas Nguyen,&nbsp;Keitetsu Kure,&nbsp;Akira Hasuike,&nbsp;Shuichi Sato,&nbsp;Homayoun Zadeh","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35609","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aimed to assess the osteogenic potential of chimeric monoclonal antibodies targeting BMP-2 (Anti-BMP-2 mAb) in conjunction with decortication in a rabbit calvaria model using titanium domes. Anti-BMP-2 mAb and an isotype matched control mAb were immobilized on anorganic bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen scaffold (ABBM-C) and placed within titanium domes positioned over rabbit calvaria (<i>n</i> = 6), with surfaces either decorticated or intact. Four groups were defined: (1) anti-BMP-2 mAb + decortication (AMD); (2) anti-BMP-2 mAb + no-decortication (AM); (3) isotype matched control mAb + decortication (IsoD); (4) isotype matched control mAb + no-decortication (Iso). After 3 months, rabbits were euthanized, and histologic observation and histomorphometric analysis were performed. ANOVA assessed group differences. Vital bone volume for the groups was: (1) 34.2% ± 7.8%; (2) 22.3% ± 4.1%, (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.02 for groups AMD vs. AM); (3) 23.4% ± 6.2%, (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.04 for AMD vs. IsoD); and (4) 17.5% ± 5.9%, (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.003 for groups AMD vs. Iso). All groups exhibited decreased bone formation further from the calvaria bone, yet the Anti-BMP-2 mAb + decortication group maintained 30%–40% vital bone formation within 3 mm from the calvaria bone. This study highlights the superior osteogenic efficacy of Anti-BMP-2 mAb with decortication. Decortication notably enhanced the osteogenic potential of scaffolds functionalized with Anti-BMP-2 mAb.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35609","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144536898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation, Characterization, and Preclinical Efficacy of In Situ Gels Containing Benzydamine Hydrochloride for Oral Mucositis","authors":"Marjan Mehravaran,&nbsp;Azadeh Haeri,&nbsp;Shahram Rabbani,&nbsp;Maryam Torshabi","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35611","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Oral mucositis occurs after chemo/radiotherapy and can significantly impact patients' quality of life. The objective of this study was to develop and characterize mucoadhesive in situ gels (ISGs) using chitosan (CS) in conjunction with polymers like poloxamer (PLX) and beta-glycerophosphate (βGP) to deliver benzydamine hydrochloride (BNZ) locally. CS/PLX (2.5:20)-BNZ and CS/βGP (2:35)-BNZ were selected based on appropriate gelling temperature/time, appearance, and viscosity. These formulations released 23% and 27% of their drug content during the first 4 h and 30% and 39% during 8 h, respectively. Compared to CS/PLX (2.5:20)-BNZ, CS/βGP (2:35)-BNZ required more force to be injected in the syringeability test and showed less spreadability. <i>G</i>′ related to both ISGs was higher than <i>G</i>″, which indicated an increase in gel consistency and stability at the site of action. The mucoadhesion strength of both ISGs was 10–13 g. FTIR data revealed chemical interactions between polymers but no interaction with BNZ. The antimicrobial effectiveness of ISGs loaded with BNZ was more significant than drug-free ones. In vivo evaluation showed CS/PLX (2.5:20)-BNZ significantly decreased the macroscopic and histopathological features of oral mucositis. In summary, CS/PLX (2.5:20)-BNZ exhibited satisfactory characteristics, suggesting it could be a viable local drug delivery system for oral mucositis.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144536968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-Dimensional Transient Analysis of the Drying Process in Biological Materials Using a Shrinkage Modeling Approach: Application to Biocompatible Hydrogels","authors":"Naima Benmakhlouf,&nbsp;Asma Mohamed Jadallah","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35614","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Drying processes involving biocompatible hydrogels play a crucial role in a wide range of biomedical and food engineering applications. The complex interaction between moisture removal, heat transfer, and structural deformation (shrinkage) requires advanced modeling techniques to accurately predict and optimize drying behavior. This study introduces a three-dimensional (3D) transient finite element method (FEM) model that simulates the coupled heat and mass transfer phenomena alongside mechanical shrinkage behavior of biocompatible hydrogels during convective drying. The model leverages the Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) framework to account for mesh deformation caused by shrinkage, enabling precise tracking of moving boundaries. Material properties, including moisture-dependent thermal conductivity and diffusivity, are integrated into the model, reflecting the dynamic changes occurring during the drying process. Experimental validation was performed using cornstarch alginate hydrogel samples under controlled convective drying conditions, and the simulation results showed strong agreement with experimental data. Overall, this modeling approach serves as a robust tool for designing and optimizing drying operations involving biocompatible hydrogels in both biomedical and food engineering contexts.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mineral-Binding Peptide Inhibits Ectopic Mineralization Secondary to Bone Morphogenetic Protein Stimulation","authors":"Samantha J. McGoldrick,&nbsp;Bokyung Woo,&nbsp;David H. Kohn","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35612","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are widely recognized for their therapeutic efficacy in bone regeneration, but one side effect of these therapies is ectopic mineralization. Previous work identified a mineral-binding peptide (pVTK, VTKHNLQI(pS)Q(pS)Y; where pS denotes a phosphoserine) with the ability to inhibit mineralization in osteoblasts. This study investigated the application of pVTK for inhibiting ectopic mineralization secondary to BMP delivery in vitro and in vivo. It was hypothesized that a mineral binding peptide could be delivered alongside BMP to limit unwanted mineralization without limiting the pro-osteogenic effects of the BMP signaling pathway. In vitro, pVTK reduced BMP-stimulated mineral deposition in an osteoblast cell line, as determined by a significant reduction in extracellular matrix calcium deposition with &gt; 300 μM pVTK (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) (at 50 ng/mL BMP2). Importantly, pVTK inhibited mineral deposition without competing with the BMP ligand or diminishing the osteogenic phenotype of the cells in response to BMP stimulation, as demonstrated by no changes in intracellular/extracellular osteogenic protein levels with addition of pVTK. In vivo, pVTK reduced ectopic mineralization of BMP-loaded subcutaneous implants by 92% (<i>p</i> = 0.0101) compared to PBS-treated controls. In an acellular model of spontaneous mineralization, pVTK disrupted mineral deposition and reduced crystallinity and crystal organization (as measured via Raman spectroscopy), demonstrating that pVTK is not solely reliant on cell mechanisms for inhibiting mineralization. These findings support the use of a mineral binding peptide for controlling ectopic mineralization secondary to BMP therapies without interfering with the BMP osteogenic pathway, which is necessary for a regenerative effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35612","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of 20-μm-Thin Ceramic Coatings of Hydroxyapatite, Bioglass, GB14 and β-TCP With Copper on the Ingrowth Behavior of Femoral Implants","authors":"Eugen Subkov,&nbsp;Sergio H. Latorre,&nbsp;Karola Müller,&nbsp;Anna Bagnavi,&nbsp;Peter Krieg,&nbsp;Andreas Killinger,&nbsp;Hagen Schmal,&nbsp;Eva Johanna Kubosch,&nbsp;Michael Seidenstuecker","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35606","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aseptic loosening and infection are still the main reasons for revision surgery. The contact of the implant is made through the surface, which is coated with calcium phosphate ceramics for better integration into the bone. The aim of the present work is to optimize these coatings by making them thinner (20 μm) and doping them with copper to add antimicrobial functionality. Four different coating materials were used: hydroxyapatite, Bioglass, GB14, and beta tricalcium phosphate. The coatings were applied by high velocity suspension flame spraying. The titanium rods with the coatings were then implanted bilaterally into the femoral condyles in 144 New Zealand White rabbits, and ingrowth was evaluated after 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 weeks. Biomechanical (previously published), histological, and histomorphometric analyses were conducted. Histologically, Cu-doped HA, GB14, and β-TCP showed normal ingrowth behavior, with the coating not completely degraded after 24 weeks and remaining in contact with the bone. Bioglass showed rapid degradation and calcium loss from the bone. However, no negative effect of Cu doping on bone cells (osteoblasts, osteocytes and connective tissue cells) was observed. Via histomorphometry, Bioglass showed low bone mineralization, while TCP, HA and GB14 revealed an increase in mineralization over time to values between 70%–95%. Comparable results were obtained with the undoped coatings. The bone-coating contact was in a similar range to the mineralization because of the coating's incomplete degradation after 24 weeks. The thinner coating could also be applied to titanium rods of the same quality (as the titanium plates in Burtscher et al.) using HVFSF. In animal experiments, all rods, regardless of the coating, could be well inserted—there was no delamination. Histology and histomorphometry showed that BG was not suitable for long-term coating as it had already degraded after 4 weeks and also caused calcium loss in the bone. The other coatings were clearly more suitable. However, we also found that still far too much coating remained after 24 weeks because it was too dense.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35606","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Effect of Precrystallization or Postcrystallization Adjustments on Fatigue Behavior of Lithium Disilicate-Based Ceramics","authors":"Abdel Rahim Mohamad Abdel Salam Suleiman,&nbsp;Luiza Freitas Brum Souza,&nbsp;Vinícius Felipe Wandscher,&nbsp;Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira,&nbsp;Jovito Adiel Skupien","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35608","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aim of this study is to assess the effect of the timing of adjustment on the fatigue flexural behavior and surface characteristics of lithium disilicate-based ceramics. Discs (Ø = 15 and 1.2 mm thickness) of four lithium disilicate-based ceramics (IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar AG; Rosetta SM, HASS Corp; T-Lithium, Shenzhen Upcera Dental Technology Co Ltd; Goozir, Shenzhen Yurucheng Dental Materials Co) were obtained and randomly allocated into three groups based on the timing of adjustment factor: CTRL—directly crystallized without any additional treatment; PRE—subjected to adjustment precrystallization; POST—adjusted postcrystallization. The specimens underwent cyclic fatigue biaxial piston-on-three-balls flexural testing (<i>n</i> = 10; 20 Hz frequency, 10,000 cycles per step, initial stress of 100 MPa, and step-size of 25 MPa). Fatigue flexural strength (FFS) and the number of cycles for fatigue failure (CFF) were recorded and submitted to factorial (two-way analysis of variance [ANOVA]), survival (Kaplan–Meier and Mantel–Cox tests) and Weibull analysis. Surface roughness data were collected and submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey's posthoc tests. Fractographic and topographic features were descriptively and qualitatively analyzed. Both the adjustment (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001 and <i>F</i> = 49.18) and material (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001 and <i>F</i> = 11.99) factors showed a statistically significant impact on the FFS and CFF, as did their interaction (<i>p</i> = 0.03 and <i>F</i> = 2.51), indicating higher values for the CTRL and PRE groups compared to the POST group, and for the T-LITHIUM, EMAX, and GOOZIR materials compared to ROSETTA. Regarding the Weibull modulus, all groups showed similar statistical values. Surface roughness was also influenced by both factors (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05—PRE &gt; POST &gt; CTRL). ROSETTA exhibited higher Ra values than EMAX and higher Rz values than both EMAX and TALMAX. Fractures always originated at surface defects in the tensile stress concentration region. Topographic features revealed prominent scratches in the PRE groups due to adjustments, smoother scratches in the POST groups, and polishing scratches in the CTRL groups. Consequently, while precrystallization adjustment increases the roughness of lithium disilicate-based ceramics, it does not affect their fatigue behavior. Meanwhile, postcrystallization adjustment deleteriously affects the flexural fatigue strength. Thus, if needed, adjustments should be made precrystallization of lithium disilicate-based ceramics. Also, different lithium disilicate-based ceramics exhibit varying fatigue behaviors; in this study, Rosetta SM showed reduced properties compared to T-Lithium CAD, IPS e.max CAD, and Goozir Lithium Disilicate.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.35608","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Magnesium Alloys In Vivo Antibacterial Properties: Challenges, Solutions, and Perspectives in Implant-Associated Orthopedic Infections","authors":"Igor A. Khlusov,&nbsp;Konstantin A. Prosolov,&nbsp;Yurii P. Sharkeev,&nbsp;Anna V. Gorokhova,&nbsp;Alex A. Volinsky","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.35602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35602","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are promising materials for medical applications due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. While Mg has inherent antibacterial properties, further enhancements are essential to meet clinical needs. A major challenge is achieving effective antimicrobial performance alongside controlled corrosion rates. This review examines in vivo studies and preclinical trials of antimicrobial Mg alloys and coatings, exploring their antibacterial mechanisms, the impact of additives, and the role of coatings in enhancing performance. It highlights the dual role of antimicrobial additives, which improve antibacterial action but may accelerate corrosion, complicating clinical use. Advances in coating technologies are discussed, focusing on strategies to incorporate antimicrobial elements while reducing corrosion and improving biocompatibility. Insights from recent in vivo studies and preclinical trials shed light on real-world effectiveness, safety, and regulatory challenges. The review emphasizes the progress made in developing antimicrobial Mg alloys and identifies critical challenges for their clinical applications. Continued research is needed to optimize these materials for safe and effective use, contributing to improved patient outcomes and advancing biomaterials science.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"113 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}