Journal of Biological Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Advanced biomimetic nanomedicines for cell-based therapeutics: prospects and challenges.","authors":"Ying Wang, Liangliang Zhao, Ying Zou, Lili Nie","doi":"10.1186/s13036-026-00694-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-026-00694-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advanced biomimetic nanomedicines offer cell-based therapeutics to mimic biological behaviors for improved targeting, immune evasion, and integration with living cells. This review critically examines recent innovations in biomimetic nanocarriers especially leveraging from cell membranes, membrane proteins, or native cellular structures to support cell therapies. These systems aid in prolonging circulation, reducing immunogenicity, and directing therapeutic cells to disease sites. Membrane-coated nanoparticles, metal-phenolic network-based nanovaccines, and stem-cell-membrane-coated carriers have therapeutic potential but challenges of manufacturing, scalability, quality control, in vivo stability, and regulatory barriers are present. To overcome these challenges, substituted hybrid membrane formulations, bio-responsive release mechanisms, and modular design are adopted. This review aims to guide future research toward clinical viable biomimetic nanomedicines for cell-based therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13352753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147972767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in biotechnological methods for genetic and metabolic engineering in Methylomonas sp. DH-1.","authors":"Thi Duc Thai, Jun Ren, So Hee Oh, Dokyun Na","doi":"10.1186/s13036-026-00700-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-026-00700-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Methylomonas sp. DH-1 is a Gram-negative methanotrophic bacterium that utilizes methane as a carbon source and presents a potential chassis for sustainable production of value-added metabolites from this greenhouse gas. Realizing this potential requires the development of reliable and tailored genetic engineering methodologies. Recent progress has expanded the molecular toolbox for this strain, including optimized transformation methods to overcome host restriction barriers and plasmid-free genome engineering using cell-penetrating Cre recombinase. In addition, a tunable promoter library for tunable transcriptional control and a synthetic small regulatory RNA platform for post-transcriptional modulation of gene expression have been established. Promising complementary engineering strategies, including adaptive laboratory evolution, synthetic consortia, and systems biology approaches can be used to improve strain robustness and metabolic performance. The review highlights these advances, along with metabolic engineering efforts that have enabled the synthesis of diverse value-added chemicals in Methylomonas sp. DH-1. Collectively, these developments provide the foundation for metabolic engineering and synthetic biology in Methylomonas sp. DH-1 and may inform the design of genetic tools in other methanotrophs.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13348613/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147959851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth control as a central regulator for tuning the cellular context.","authors":"Ángeles Hueso-Gil, Jesús Miró-Bueno, Ángel Goñi-Moreno","doi":"10.1186/s13036-026-00693-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-026-00693-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cellular context decisively shapes genetic circuit performance, but the interplay between host and circuit remains difficult to control rationally. To address this challenge, we replaced the native regulatory machinery of RNA polymerase (RNAP) from the bacteria Pseudomonas putida KT2440 with an inducible system, enabling tunable growth regulation. This was achieved by placing the β and β' subunits under the control of the XylS-Pm inducible system, in a manner that cell growth can be tuned into distinct stable states using the cognate inducer 3-methylbenzoate. We correlated genetic circuit behaviour with the cell's growth state by observing reporter gene expression and the performance of genetic NOT gates, finding that the modulation of contextual dependencies is specific to the circuit components. Furthermore, a mathematical model classified this modulation into three categories based on how RNAP availability shapes host-circuit interaction. Additionally, growth control was used as an input for a two-input circuit building a NAND gate with the potential for morphological computing, where the cell's physical body undertakes information processing. Our findings suggest that growth control could be used as an engineering parameter with potential applications in the optimization of biocomputation, microbial consortia, and the development of digital twins.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13220528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147959898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics-guided discovery of CYP5035 enables heterologous production and engineering of pachymic acid in yeast.","authors":"Ceyuan Liu, Chuang Liu, Binbin Shen, Can Zhong, Jing Xie, Mingzhu Zheng, Jian Jin","doi":"10.1186/s13036-026-00698-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-026-00698-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pachymic acid is a key bioactive triterpenoid of Poria cocos, a medicinal fungus widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, and is responsible for its anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities. However, its low natural abundance and reliance on pine wood-based cultivation limit large-scale production and therapeutic application. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is known to stimulate triterpenoid biosynthesis in plants and fungi. In this study, we treated liquid-cultured Poria cocos mycelia with MeJA and integrated transcriptomic and targeted metabolomic analyses to identify a cytochrome P450 gene, CYP5035, whose expression strongly correlates with pachymic acid accumulation. We then functionally validated CYP5035 by heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Subsequent metabolic engineering of the yeast strain-through redox partner optimization and dynamic flux redirection-significantly enhanced pachymic acid production. Our work not only reveals the molecular basis of MeJA-induced triterpenoid synthesis but also establishes a sustainable microbial platform for the green and efficient production of pachymic acid.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13343624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147941670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D bioprinting of microfluidic systems for cardiac regenerative medicine: from biofabrication to organ-on-a-chip.","authors":"Ahmad Darvishi, Hossein Rayat Pisheh, Seyed Ahmadreza Ahmadi","doi":"10.1186/s13036-026-00649-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-026-00649-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular diseases remain a leading cause of mortality worldwide, highlighting the urgent need for advanced therapeutic strategies in cardiac regenerative medicine. Among emerging technologies, 3D bioprinting has revolutionized the fabrication of biomimetic tissues by enabling precise spatial control over cells and biomaterials. At the same time, microfluidic systems, also referred to as \"organ-on-a-chip\" platforms, have provided dynamic environments that closely mimic natural cardiac physiology. In this review, we first summarize the structure and function of the human heart to establish the biological context for cardiac tissue modeling. We then discuss the main 3D bioprinting techniques (droplet-based, extrusion-based, and laser-assisted bioprinting) and highlight their advantages, limitations, and suitability for the fabrication of microfluidic architectures. Key properties of ideal biomaterials for both 3D bioprinting and organ-on-a-chip systems are discussed, with an emphasis on materials commonly used in microfluidic systems. Finally, we provide an in-depth overview of microfluidic systems and explore how 3D bioprinting is being used to create integrated heart-on-a-chip platforms for disease modeling and regenerative therapy. The integration of these technologies holds promise for the development of next-generation platforms in personalized cardiovascular therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13343960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147929814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of artificial neural network optimization for MHD and non-Newtonian peritoneal Jeffery nanofluid dynamics on female reproductive health.","authors":"Keerthi Devarajan Anuradha, Vedhesh Dhinakaran, J U Viharika, Sreesai V, Umair Khan, Najiyah Safwa Khashi'ie, Justine Nakintu","doi":"10.1186/s13036-026-00690-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-026-00690-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dynamics of peritoneal fluid has vital applications in various physiological functions, particularly in female reproductive physiology, which modulates the transport of gametes within the fallopian tubes. This research aims to study the interactive operating factors of peritoneal fluid flow, heat transfer, and mass transport under various physiological and pathological conditions. In this regard, the Jeffrey fluid model is applied to examine the non-Newtonian behavior of peritoneal fluid and its responses to thermal and magnetic influences. The study extends to consider thermophoresis and Brownian motion of nanoparticles in nanofluids with the purpose of enhancing thermal conductivity and optimizing fluid properties toward better reproductive health. Magnetic field effects on fluid dynamics, using magnetohydrodynamics, are also explored in relation to possible therapeutic interventions for endometriosis and tubal factor infertility. Numerical solutions and graphical interpretations are used to illustrate the impact of salient parameters such as Grashof numbers, Brownian motion, and shear-dependent viscosity on the fluid behavior. The results deepen the current understanding of the mechanics of peritoneal fluids and provide potential improvements in fertility treatments and biomedical applications. The proposed model can be applied to develop a non-invasive diagnostic technique for detection of endometriosis, to optimize infertility treatments and to design biomedical devices for peritoneal fluid manipulation in female reproductive therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13335397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147929783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From polyclonal to monoclonal: de novo sequencing of goat antibodies for a standardized ApoA-I immunoturbidimetric assay.","authors":"Lulai Xu, Qitao Song, Ming Zhu, Wei Zhao, Qiang Li, Sai Li, Bohong Li, Linzhu Li, Bin Ma, Zhengzhong Song, Xin Yang, Yun Xie, Weijing Yi, Jing Wang","doi":"10.1186/s13036-026-00697-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-026-00697-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antibodies serve as essential recognition elements in in vitro diagnostics (IVD), yet reliance on polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) introduces significant challenges related to batch-to-batch consistency. To address this, we employed a de novo sequencing platform, which identified 15 candidate monoclonal antibody (mAb) sequences. From these, four distinct mAb mixtures were formulated and evaluated. Using an immunoturbidimetric assay to quantify apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) in 105 human serum samples, the performance of these mixtures was compared to that of a conventional pAb reagent. The four-mAb mixture demonstrated excellent correlation with the pAb assay (Passing-Bablok: y = 1.0536x-0.0748 g/L; r² = 0.994). This optimized cocktail successfully replaced the pAb reagent, matching or exceeding its performance in key analytical parameters including linearity, sensitivity, and precision. Our work thus establishes a practical pathway for converting heterogeneous pAbs into defined, recombinant antibody reagents suitable for standardized IVD applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13335323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147929788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pH-responsive ZnO₂@ZIF-8/TCPP nanoplatform with self-supplied oxygen for hypoxia-relieved photodynamic therapy.","authors":"Gaobing Ye, Jing Liu, Yu Jin, Renren Hu, Tianli Tian, Peilei Chen","doi":"10.1186/s13036-026-00695-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-026-00695-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tumor hypoxia limits type-II photodynamic therapy (PDT) by restricting oxygen-dependent singlet oxygen production during irradiation. Here, we developed a pH-responsive ZnO₂@ZIF-8/TCPP nanoplatform (PZZT) that integrates an acid-activated oxygen-generating core (ZnO₂), a ZIF-8 gatekeeper shell, and the photosensitizer TCPP, aiming to enhance PDT under hypoxic conditions. Under mildly acidic conditions, PZZT showed improved oxygen generation and enhanced DPBF consumption upon 660 nm irradiation, indicating elevated ¹O₂ production. In 4T1 cells, PZZT + laser induced stronger intracellular ROS signals and greater phototoxicity than free TCPP or control formulations. In 4T1 tumor-bearing mice, PZZT + laser achieved the most significant tumor growth inhibition without obvious systemic toxicity. Overall, PZZT provides a practical pH-activated self-oxygen-supplying strategy to improve PDT efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13220614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147874111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalytic nanotherapeutics with cancer cell membrane and chitosan-coated Cu/Pt nanoparticles for gastric cancer precision therapy.","authors":"Wanhong Zhang, Yuchao Ma, Linjie Li, Yiyu Shi","doi":"10.1186/s13036-026-00676-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-026-00676-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric cancer remains a major global health challenge, underscoring the need for highly effective and precisely targeted therapies. This study presents a novel biomimetic nanoplatform comprising cancer cell membrane-coated chitosan-stabilized Cu/Pt nanoparticles (CCM@Ch-Cu/PtNPs), designed to enhance tumor specificity and therapeutic efficacy. We characterized the nanocomposite using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), confirming its bimetallic architecture featuring Cu-rich and Pt-rich surface domains. In vitro, treatment with CCM@Ch-Cu/PtNPs (75 µg/mL) markedly decreased viability and colony formation in AGS and HGC gastric cancer cell lines, induced apoptosis, and triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, indicating potent cytotoxic activity and disruption of oncogenic pathways. In vivo, systemic administration of CCM@Ch-Cu/PtNPs in a murine gastric cancer model resulted in preferential tumor accumulation, substantial tumor growth inhibition, and prolonged survival, all achieved without detectable organ toxicity. These results support the potential of CCM@Ch-Cu/PtNPs as a theranostic nanomedicine platform for targeted gastric cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13326463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147863975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural diversity-guided catalytic-core chimerism engineers a rapid and inhibitor-tolerant reverse transcriptase.","authors":"Inês Fonseca Costa, Vânia Ondina Fernandes, Rita Silva Simões, Hélvio Simões, Virgínia Maria Rico Pires, Victor Diogo Alves, João Soeiro Teodoro, Pedro Bule, Carlos Mendes Godinho de Andrade Fontes","doi":"10.1186/s13036-026-00692-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-026-00692-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Reverse transcriptases (RTs) are essential components of RNA-based molecular technologies, yet their practical performance is often constrained by trade-offs between catalytic speed, thermal stability, and tolerance to inhibitory substances. Conventional optimization via mutagenesis or directed evolution often improves individual traits but struggles to integrate multiple traits within a single enzyme. Here, we applied catalytic-core recombination, guided by natural sequence diversity and diagnostic performance criteria, to recover reverse transcriptase phenotypes that would be difficult to obtain by single-trait optimization alone.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Starting from 1,028 sequences, 24 representative RT variants were used to generate a library of chimeras by swapping a critical 405-residue polymerase domain into a validated M-MuLV scaffold. We identified chRT V18 as the lead candidate, demonstrating consistent activity across a broad temperature range (40-70 °C). In addition, chRT V18 enabled efficient and linear cDNA synthesis in as little as 1 min at elevated temperatures, while maintaining strong resistance to clinically relevant inhibitors. Beyond RT-qPCR, chRT V18 supported high-temperature RT-LAMP at 69 °C, a regime typically incompatible with conventional RTs, enabling improved specificity and rapid amplification. When formulated into one-step RT-qPCR master mixes, chRT V18 achieved low limits of detection and full concordance with IVD-approved assays, while reducing reverse transcription time by 90%, enabling shorter time-to-result.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Natural diversity-guided catalytic-core chimerism enabled the development of a rapid, inhibitor-tolerant reverse transcriptase with an unusual combination of broad temperature compatibility, minute-scale reverse transcription, and resilience to clinically relevant inhibitors. Beyond the properties of chRT V18 itself, the results support modular recombination of evolutionarily optimized domains as a practical engineering strategy for integrating multiple performance traits in complex enzymes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13317365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}