Journal of Biological Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Years-long stability of X10 expansion microscopy hydrogels.","authors":"Eman Abbas, Ali H Shaib, Mohamed A Hassan, Silvio O Rizzoli","doi":"10.1186/s13036-026-00781-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-026-00781-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Expansion microscopy (ExM) is developing rapidly to explore biological structures, both towards nanoscale imaging and the wider-scale analysis of cells and tissues. ExM is based on embedding samples in swellable hydrogels, which then expand to enable superior microscopy performance with conventional microscopes. However, imaging precision is limited by the stability of the hydrogels, which are typically regarded as less robust than conventional samples. Here, we show that hydrogels based on N, N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) remain stable for several years, without a perceivable loss of structure. No special measures of stabilization are necessary for the gel matrix, but post-fixation is required to maintain the integrity of antibody labeling, when post-expansion labeling procedures are employed. Otherwise, antibodies slowly lose epitope binding over years, corrupting both signal intensity and resolution. We conclude that ExM hydrogels are substantially more robust than previously envisioned, enhancing signal intensity and enabling years-long performance, with minimal care. Moreover, this paves the avenue to re-imaging, inter-lab sample exchange, and retrospective analyses, which could be employed in medical applications ranging from diagnostic validation and biomarker discovery to comparative studies across time points or cohorts. This approach extends ExM from a single-use technique to a platform compatible with sustained experimental workflows.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined bioactive PVA nanofibrous scaffolds loaded with Zn ascorbate MOFs and Petroselinum crispum (Parsley) extract for enhanced in-vitro and in-vivo wound healing applications.","authors":"Shimaa Husien, Rana R Haikal, Eman A Khalil, Noha El Salakawy, Ahmed Abdellatif, Wael Mamdouh","doi":"10.1186/s13036-026-00736-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13036-026-00736-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wounds damage the skin, mucosal membranes, or underlying tissues, disrupting normal structure and function. Natural therapeutic agents, particularly plant extracts, have been widely used in wound management due to their antimicrobial and regenerative properties. Here, we report a novel multifunctional wound dressing by integrating Petroselinum crispum (parsley, PS) extract and zinc ascorbate-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) into a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibrous matrix. The resulting MOF/PS-loaded PVA nanofibers (NFs) combine biodegradability, biocompatibility, and enhanced bioactivity for wound healing. The optimized formulation (PVA/MOF5/PS30-NFs) exhibited strong antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones of ~ 250 mm², total phenolic content of 1.41 mg GAE/g, and antioxidant IC₅₀ values of 15.17 and 11.11 mg/3mL at 2 and 24 h, respectively. Cytocompatibility tests confirmed excellent cell viability (> 100%). In-vitro assays demonstrated enhanced fibroblast migration and edge contraction, with substantial wound closure after 48 h. In-vivo studies showed complete (> 100%) wound closure by day 15, surpassing controls (~ 80%), with the fastest healing trajectory and early acceleration phase observed. To our knowledge, this is the first report of this composition and application. These findings highlight MOF/PS-loaded PVA nanofibrous mats as a promising platform for advanced wound-healing therapies. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13479814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148793552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmaceutical polymer-based hydrogels for 3D bioprinted drug delivery and tissue engineering applications.","authors":"Hemant Kumar Bankhede, Maheswari Sivaravi, Antara Poi Raiturker, Prajakta Praveen Bhende, Sagar B Kale, Mamta Keshav Tari, Asima Shaukat, Anasuya Ganguly","doi":"10.1186/s13036-026-00749-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-026-00749-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>3D bioprinting enables the layer-by-layer fabrication of living tissue constructs and supports patient-specific customization. This technology holds strong promises for regenerative medicine and drug discovery. However, its broader translation remains limited by material variability, safety considerations, cost constraints and regulatory requirements.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigates the use of safe, affordable and regulatory-compliant pharmaceutical polymers as biomaterials for 3D bioprinting. It specifically focuses on hydrogels formulated from Starch 1500^®, maltodextrin and sodium alginate. The objective is to assess their potential applications in skin tissue engineering and oral drug delivery through semisolid extrusion-based 3D bioprinting techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ionic crosslinking of the hydrogel was confirmed by FTIR analysis. The hydrogel exhibited a viscosity of 1.56 × 10⁶ mPa·s, supporting semisolid extrusion bioprinting and excellent printability under ambient conditions. It enabled the fabrication of multilayer scaffolds with uniform filaments, well-defined square pore geometry and good shape fidelity. Rheological analysis showed shear-thinning behavior under applied stress, 87% thixotropic recovery and predominantly solid-like behavior at rest. Cast films showed a tensile strength of 33.9 MPa with limited extensibility, whereas lyophilized scaffolds exhibited high porosity and an average pore size of 39.2 μm. The 3D-printed scaffolds swollen upto 72% within 24 h and showed the onset of degradation after 2 weeks. Biological evaluation confirmed non-cytotoxicity, with more than 70% cell viability in skin-relevant L929 and HaCaT cells and good hemocompatibility, indicated by 5.0% hemolysis. Confocal microscopy further showed cell growth on the crosslinked hydrogel, supporting their potential for skin tissue engineering. Glimepiride-loaded bioinks were successfully formulated into chewable tablets for drug delivery, which exhibited acceptable physical properties. The tablets demonstrated excellent content uniformity (100.4%), while dissolution results showed sustained-release profiles over a time period of four hours.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our research indicates that pharmaceutical-grade polymer-based hydrogels are promising candidates for skin tissue engineering and drug delivery through 3D bioprinting. The findings of this study underscore the potential of these formulations to advance bioprinting technologies and related applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13508306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148818426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An optimized CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing platform enhances bacteriocin production in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum.","authors":"Rajat Anand, Rudolf Lütticken, Laura De Laporte, Andreas Herrmann, Elisabeth Heine","doi":"10.1186/s13036-026-00739-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-026-00739-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Efficient genetic engineering of lactic acid bacteria remains technically challenging due to their thick peptidoglycan cell wall, low transformation efficiency, strain-specific restriction-modification systems, and sensitivity to Cas9-induced double-strand breaks. In this study, we adapted an established CRISPR/Cas9 approach for the targeted disruption of plnD, a key negative regulatory gene within the plantaricin quorum-sensing network of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 8P-A3 through extensive optimization of transformation and genome-editing conditions. The genetically modified strain exhibited upregulation of plnA, plnE, and plnF, accompanied by elevated antimicrobial activity. These findings underscore the feasibility of rationally reconfiguring a quorum-sensing-associated regulatory circuit and provide a practical strategy for successful genetic engineering in L. plantarum for elevated bacteriocin production.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13420864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148619799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harmine-loaded PCL/PVA multilayer nanofibers for targeted pancreatic cancer therapy.","authors":"Zeynab Zamanzadeh, Behzad Khansarinejad, Mahdieh Mondanizadeh, Shima Masodii, Hadi Karami","doi":"10.1186/s13036-026-00737-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13036-026-00737-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pancreatic cancer remains one of the deadliest malignancies because of late diagnosis, rapid metastasis, and poor response to conventional therapies. Localized drug delivery systems based on electrospun nanofibers may improve therapeutic outcomes by enabling sustained local drug release while minimizing systemic toxicity. This study developed harmine (HAR)-loaded multilayer nanofibers using polycaprolactone (PCL) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and evaluated their physicochemical characteristics and anti-cancer effects against ASPC-1 pancreatic cancer cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bilayer and trilayer HAR-loaded nanofibers were successfully fabricated with uniform, bead-free morphology. Morphology was characterized by FE-SEM, and drug incorporation was confirmed by FTIR analysis. The multilayer architecture demonstrated favorable swelling behavior, controlled degradation, and regulated water vapor transmission. Drug release studies showed an initial burst release (~ 16% within 6 h), followed by sustained HAR release reaching approximately 68% over 72 h. Blank nanofibers exhibited high biocompatibility (> 97% cell viability). Compared with free HAR, HAR-loaded nanofibers (NFs) significantly enhanced anti-cancer efficacy and achieved nearly complete suppression of viability in ASPC-1 cells after 72 h. Functional analyses demonstrated substantial inhibition of cell migration and colony formation. Molecular evaluation revealed significant apoptosis induction through upregulation of BAX and CASP3 and downregulation of BCL-2, with the PCL/PVAHAR formulation showing the strongest response (BAX ≈ 4.8-fold, CASP3 ≈ 3.9-fold, BCL-2 ≈ 0.35-fold; BAX/BCL-2 ratio ≈ 13.7). STRING analysis further supported the involvement of apoptosis-associated signaling pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HAR-loaded PCL/PVA nanofibers provide an effective localized drug-delivery platform with sustained release and enhanced anti-pancreatic-cancer activity compared with free HAR. These findings support the further development of this system as a potential implantable therapeutic strategy for post-resection pancreatic cancer management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NIR-responsive cetuximab-functionalized chitosan-polydopamine hydrogel Co- delivering Ca²⁺ and gefitinib for EGFR-targeted esophageal cancer therapy via Ca²⁺- mediated cytotoxicity and potential immunomodulatory effects.","authors":"Jing Chen, Shirong Wu, Yu Zhang, Ya Zhao, Mengqi Xiang, Liqiong Hao","doi":"10.1186/s13036-026-00726-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13036-026-00726-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study presents the development of a Cetuximab (CTX)-functionalized chitosan-polydopamine (CS-PDA) hydrogel co-delivering calcium ions (Ca^{2 +}) and Gefitinib (GFT) for EGFR-targeted therapy against esophageal cancer through the induction of Ca²⁺ mediated cell death and potential immune modulatory effects. FTIR analysis confirmed the functional groups present in the fabricated hydrogel, while UV-Vis spectroscopy verified successful drug incorporation, and SEM analysis revealed a porous morphology suitable for efficient drug encapsulation. The hydrogel shows high drug loading efficiencies of 78.5 ± 2.3% for Ca^{2 +} and 81.6 ± 3.1% for GFT, with pH-responsive drug release reaching up to 70% under acidic conditions. NIR-activated CTX-CS-pDA@Ca^{2 +}/GFT hydrogel showed superior cytotoxicity in KYSE-140 cells, with significantly lower IC₅₀ values than free GFT. Further, JC-1 and AO/EB staining confirmed mitochondrial depolarization and apoptosis induction, while flow cytometry demonstrated that CTX-CS-pDA@Ca^{2 +}/GFT + NIR markedly induced apoptosis in KYSE-140 cells by combining EGFR inhibition, Ca^{2 +} -mediated stress, and NIR-enhanced ROS generation, resulting in reduced cell viability and increased apoptotic populations. Calcium imaging further validated intracellular Ca^{2 +} accumulation indicated enhanced Ca²⁺mediated cellular stress in treated cells. In vivo evaluation in a xenograft mouse model revealed tumor inhibition rates of 42%, 24%, 60%, 78%, and 92% for GFT, CS-pDA, CS-pDA@Ca^{2 +}/GFT, CTX-CS-pDA@Ca^{2 +}/GFT, and CTX-CS-pDA@Ca^{2 +}/GFT + NIR, respectively. The NIR-activated CTX-CS-pDA@Ca^{2 +}/GFT formulation achieved the most pronounced tumor regression with negligible impact on body weight, confirming its superior therapeutic efficacy and biosafety. Biochemical analyses of serum ALP, SGOT, urea, and creatinine levels confirmed the biocompatibility and safety of the fabricated hydrogel. Histopathological examination of excised tumor tissues supported the induction of apoptosis and tissue necrosis in treated groups. Furthermore, qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses demonstrated upregulation of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 and downregulation of Bcl-2 and EGFR/p-AKT signaling, supporting the dual mechanism of action. Besides, CTX-CS-pDA@Ca^{2 +}/GFT + NIR significantly upregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ), indicating potential immunomodulatory activity associated with cytokine expression changes driven by targeted delivery, Ca^{2 +} -mediated stress, and NIR-triggered activation. Overall, this multifunctional hydrogel demonstrates strong potential as a localized and targeted therapeutic strategy for EGFR-overexpressing esophageal cancer through synergistic EGFR inhibition, Ca^{2 +} -mediated cytotoxicity, and potential immunomodulatory effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A versatile yeast platform for N-demethylation of therapeutic alkaloids.","authors":"Daniel J Yaw, Xu Li, Katrine B Kampmann, Kenny W L Lam, Siyi Xue, Jørgen Hansen, Tim A Bowser, Sandra E Kentish, Sally L Gras","doi":"10.1186/s13036-026-00729-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-026-00729-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alkaloid N-demethylation is a critical step in the production of many semi-synthetic alkaloid therapeutics and has traditionally relied on synthetic chemical routes. Microbial whole-cell bioproduction offers a promising alternate route for generating these valuable pharmaceuticals. This work demonstrated a greener N-demethylation platform applicable to morphinan and tropine alkaloid classes, employing an engineered yeast expressing a cytochrome P450 enzyme with N-demethylase activity, a cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase and purine permeases as transporters. This platform enabled the N-demethylation of the morphinan alkaloids, oripavine and thebaine with high activity, and the tropane alkaloids, atropine and scopolamine with moderate activity. The study systematically evaluated the contributions of substrate uptake and enzymatic conversion within the whole-cell system. Heterologous transporters enabled mass transfer across the cell membrane, with no significant difference detected for the four substrates, while in vitro enzyme catalysis differed between substrates and correlated with yield. Computational molecular docking, combined with deep learning-based protein structure prediction, found all four substrates had high affinity for the enzyme. This approach was also used to identify potential target substrates for future biotransformation. Process performance could be further improved with the use of larger scale, well controlled bioreactors.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smart colorimetric wound dressing for real-time infection detection and monitoring.","authors":"Hossein Rayat Pisheh, Razieh Rezaeian, Mahsa Sani, Hadis Mohammadi","doi":"10.1186/s13036-026-00656-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-026-00656-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wound infection remains a major clinical challenge, leading to delayed healing, prolonged hospitalization, and increased healthcare costs. Conventional wound dressings provide limited protection and lack the ability to offer real-time information on infection status, often resulting in delayed intervention and excessive antibiotic use. In response, smart wound dressings have been developed as responsive platforms that integrate sensing and therapeutic functions. This review summarizes recent advances in smart wound dressings with a focus on colorimetric, electrochemical, and fluorescence-based biosensing strategies incorporated into hydrogels, nanofibers, and stimuli-responsive polymeric matrices. Key mechanisms for infection detection, including pH variation, bacterial enzymes, metabolites, and reactive oxygen species, are discussed alongside representative material designs. The advantages and limitations of each sensing modality are critically compared, highlighting the simplicity and visual accessibility of colorimetric systems, the high sensitivity of electrochemical sensors, and the molecular specificity of fluorescence-based approaches. Despite significant progress, clinical translation remains limited by challenges related to long-term biocompatibility, scalable manufacturing, and regulatory validation. Future developments are expected to focus on multiplexed biosensing, integration with adaptive therapeutic release, and AI-assisted signal interpretation. Such next-generation theranostic wound dressings hold promise for enabling real-time infection monitoring, personalized treatment, and more effective wound management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13660199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148470811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A signal peptide-guided approach towards in situ functionalization of bacterial nanocellulose in Komagataeibacter rhaeticus.","authors":"Jenni Vannas, Amritpal Singh, Bibi Hannikainen, Michelle Alexandrino de Assis, Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro, Tom Ellis, Rahul Mangayil","doi":"10.1186/s13036-026-00734-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-026-00734-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bacterial nanocellulose (BC), produced by Komagataeibacter species, is an ideal scaffold for biological Engineered Living Materials (bioELMs) research. Current BC functionalization strategies often rely on secondary microbial hosts or post-production enzyme immobilization, limiting the scalability and modularity required for programmable bioELMs. Establishing a single-chassis system capable of simultaneous biopolymer synthesis and in situ functionalization remains a primary objective in bioELM research. This study addresses the need by benchmarking signal peptide-mediated protein translocation in K. rhaeticus iGEM, a model bacterium for BC-based bioELMs, enabling a synthetic biology framework for single-chassis based biomaterial functionalization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genome-wide analysis confirmed the presence of a complete Sec translocation machinery in K. rhaeticus. Through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and SignalP 5.0 prediction, native signal peptides were identified and evaluated alongside previously characterized heterologous signal peptides using β-lactamase and mScarlet as cargo proteins. Protein translocation was found to depend on signal peptide identity, cargo type, and expression mode. Fluorescence imaging revealed cytoplasmic, polar, and peripheral localization patterns, confirming functional engagement with the native translocation machinery. A key limitation identified was the retention of recombinant proteins within the periplasm, restricting extracellular availability. Despite this, signal peptide-mediated translocation enabled the incorporation of enzymatic activity into BC during biosynthesis. A post-growth osmotic shock-release strategy increased measurable enzymatic activity by 30%, demonstrating a practical route to overcome this physiological bottleneck while maintaining the biomaterial production capacity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study benchmarks signal peptide-dependent protein translocation in K. rhaeticus and identifies periplasmic retention as a key constraint for extracellular protein release. By linking protein translocation to in situ BC functionalization, this work establishes a synthetic biology framework that supports the development of K. rhaeticus as a single-chassis platform towards the production of functionalized bioELMs.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13660122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148470741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital light processing bioprinting: bioink innovations and applications in tissue and organ regeneration.","authors":"Hossein Rayat Pisheh, Monireh Sadat Hoseinian, Delaram Dezfoulian, Mohammad Nouri, Seyyed Ahmadreza Ahmadi, Negar Azarpira, Mahsa Sani","doi":"10.1186/s13036-026-00718-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13036-026-00718-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Digital light processing (DLP) bioprinting offers superior spatial resolution, rapid printing speed, and gentle cell handling compared to extrusion- and inkjet-based methods. By enabling layer-by-layer photopolymerization through projected light patterns, DLP provides precise control over microscale architecture, making it highly suitable for fabricating tissue- and organ-specific constructs. However, the true potential of DLP bioprinting depends not only on optical precision but also on the development of photocurable bioinks that translate light-driven fabrication into biologically relevant outcomes. Recent advances in bioink development (including methacrylated natural polymers, decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM)-derived hydrogels, hybrid nanocomposites, and cell-laden formulations) have significantly expanded the biofabrication landscape. These materials enable the creation of constructs that closely mimic native tissues such as corneas, cartilage, liver, and skeletal muscle in terms of structural and biochemical complexity. Furthermore, strategies such as photoabsorber modulation, rheological tuning, and dual crosslinking mechanisms have improved print fidelity and cytocompatibility. Despite this progress, translational barriers remain. Limited vascularization, poor scalability, and insufficient functional longevity continue to restrict clinical adoption. This review critically examines how bioink design paradigms in DLP bioprinting redefine the interface between light-based engineering and biological function. We also discuss emerging trends in stimuli-responsive and cell-instructive bioinks, offering insights into how to bridge laboratory innovation with clinically relevant tissue regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":15053,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13640270/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148421358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}