Iranian Journal of Child Neurology最新文献_第4页

Efficacy of Melatonin Administration in Reducing Headaches in Children with Migraines without Sleep Disorders. 服用褪黑素对减轻无睡眠障碍的偏头痛患儿头痛的疗效。

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Iranian Journal of Child Neurology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.22037/ijcn.v18i3.42197

Afshin Fayyazi, Paria Abbasian, Seyed Mohammad Sadegh Hosseini, Younes Mohammadi, Hassan Bazmamoum

{"title":"Efficacy of Melatonin Administration in Reducing Headaches in Children with Migraines without Sleep Disorders.","authors":"Afshin Fayyazi, Paria Abbasian, Seyed Mohammad Sadegh Hosseini, Younes Mohammadi, Hassan Bazmamoum","doi":"10.22037/ijcn.v18i3.42197","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ijcn.v18i3.42197","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Migraine is one of the common diseases of children, which can disrupt their quality of life. Some studies have shown the effect of melatonin in reducing migraine headaches. This study aims to investigate the effect of melatonin administration in reducing headaches in children with migraine without sleep disorders.Materials & methods: In this clinical trial study, fifty-five children aged five to 15 years with migraines who had no sleep disorder were enrolled. The control group (twenty-seven patients) was treated with propranolol tablets, and the intervention group (thirty patients) was treated with propranolol tablets plus melatonin tablets for three months. Patients were visited before, one month, and three months after the start of treatment, and their data was collected and recorded.Results: The number of headache attacks decreased significantly in the intervention group compared to the control group three months after the treatment (P=0.006). The number of patients with a good response to treatment in the intervention group was significantly more than the control group (p=0.023). Parents' satisfaction with the treatment in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group (P=0.026). There was no significant difference in the intensity of disability caused by headaches after treatment in the two groups. No significant drug side effects were seen in any of the two groups.Conclusion: Adding melatonin to the treatment of children with migraine without sleep disorders significantly reduces the frequency of headache attacks and increases satisfaction with the treatment.","PeriodicalId":14537,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Child Neurology","volume":"18 3","pages":"57-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11231677/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141579702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Indicators of Sarnat and Sarnat Scoring in Neonatal Subjects with Perinatal Asphyxia. 围产期窒息新生儿的缺氧缺血性脑病指标 Sarnat 和 Sarnat 评分

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Iranian Journal of Child Neurology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.22037/ijcn.v17i2.36967

Parvaneh Sadeghi Moghaddam, Mohammad Aghaali, Seyede Zeinab Modarresy, Samira Shahhamzei, Maryam Aljaboori

{"title":"Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Indicators of Sarnat and Sarnat Scoring in Neonatal Subjects with Perinatal Asphyxia.","authors":"Parvaneh Sadeghi Moghaddam, Mohammad Aghaali, Seyede Zeinab Modarresy, Samira Shahhamzei, Maryam Aljaboori","doi":"10.22037/ijcn.v17i2.36967","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ijcn.v17i2.36967","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is still a relevant cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. HIE severity can predict long-term outcomes. Sarnat staging is one of the most common methods used to evaluate HIE severity. However, an ongoing urge exists to find other accurate and affordable ways to accompany this clinical staging for HIE. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between cerebral arteries' resistive indices and other hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy indicators using Sarnat scoring of newborns subjected to perinatal asphyxia.Materials & methods: In this retrospective study, 76 neonates with gestational age ≥34 weeks affected with HIE were investigated. The patients were categorized into three groups according to Sarnat staging: I, II, and III. Initially, perinatal data were analyzed to assess the correlation between HIE severity and various factors such as gestational age, type of delivery, Apgar scores, necessity for resuscitation, and requirement for respiratory assistance. Notably, these relationships were significant.Results: Examining various symptoms in different HIE stages showed that the incidence of coagulopathy was significantly higher in severe HIE neonates than in mild neonates. Eventually, proposedly, cranial arterial Doppler indices, i.e., the anterior cerebral artery's resistive index (RI), significantly differed between HIE stage groups.Conclusion: This study represented a combination of available and affordable data to achieve early HIE staging, including perinatal data, clinical symptoms, and a bedside Doppler ultrasonography of cerebral perfusion. Higher cranial artery RI was associated with severe HIE and could be considered for therapeutic hypothermia, which may reduce HIE mortality and morbidity.","PeriodicalId":14537,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Child Neurology","volume":"18 1","pages":"81-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10874515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139905579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Polyethylene Glycol 4000 for Fecal Disimpaction in Cerebral Palsy Children. 聚乙二醇 4000 用于脑瘫儿童的粪便排出。

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Iranian Journal of Child Neurology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.22037/IJCN.v17i2.37876

Andy Darma, Alpha Fardah Atthiyah, Khadijah Rizky Sumitro, Shirley Ferlina Lasmono, Reza Gunadi Ranuh, Prastiya Indra Gunawan, Darto Saharso, Subijanto Marto Sudarmo

{"title":"Polyethylene Glycol 4000 for Fecal Disimpaction in Cerebral Palsy Children.","authors":"Andy Darma, Alpha Fardah Atthiyah, Khadijah Rizky Sumitro, Shirley Ferlina Lasmono, Reza Gunadi Ranuh, Prastiya Indra Gunawan, Darto Saharso, Subijanto Marto Sudarmo","doi":"10.22037/IJCN.v17i2.37876","DOIUrl":"10.22037/IJCN.v17i2.37876","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study evaluated the efficacy of Polyethylene glycol 4000 for fecal disimpaction in children with cerebral palsy.Materials & methods: A randomized control trial study was conducted on children with cerebral palsy between February - March 2017 in the pediatric neurology outpatient clinic Dr. Soetomo Hospital. Children aged 2-16 years with fecal impaction randomly assigned into polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000) and saline enema group. Polyethylene glycol 4000 was given at a dosage of 0.7 g/kg and enema using normal saline 15ml/kg twelve hourly. Constipation was diagnosed using ROME IV criteria, and abdominal palpation identified fecal impaction. Efficacy was evaluated by clinical observation and adverse symptom monitoring. Data were analyzed by statistical software using an independent t-test (p<0,05).Results: Thirty-two children were randomized into the study. Muscle relaxant was discovered in 17/32 patients. Sex, age, and body weight were not statistically different between groups. The resolution of fecal impaction was significantly different between PEG 4000 and saline enema (21.69 hours and 39 hours respectively; p=0.001). Application of muscle relaxant and severity of the disease did not involve treatment efficacy. There was no adverse symptom reported during treatment.Conclusion: Polyethylene glycol 4000 results in fecal disimpaction faster than enema in constipated children with cerebral palsy.","PeriodicalId":14537,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Child Neurology","volume":"18 1","pages":"61-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10874514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139905616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Prevalence of Central Auditory Processing Disorder in Elementary School Students of Kerman, Iran. 伊朗克尔曼小学生中央听觉处理障碍的患病率。

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Iranian Journal of Child Neurology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.22037/ijcn.V17i1.33821

Maryam Amizadeh, Saeid Farahani, Jila Afsharmanesh, Hamid Sharifi, Fatemeh Fani Molky

{"title":"The Prevalence of Central Auditory Processing Disorder in Elementary School Students of Kerman, Iran.","authors":"Maryam Amizadeh, Saeid Farahani, Jila Afsharmanesh, Hamid Sharifi, Fatemeh Fani Molky","doi":"10.22037/ijcn.V17i1.33821","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ijcn.V17i1.33821","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of central auditory processing disorder (CAPD) in elementary school students in Kerman, Iran, during 2018-2019.Materials & methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1369 elementary school students in Kerman. These students were selected by cluster sampling from different areas of Kerman and then screened using the Buffalo Model Questionnaire (BMQ). Based on the data obtained from the questionnaire, normal children were excluded from the study. Then, children with suspected central auditory processing disorder (CAPD) underwent ear exams and were excluded from the study in case of abnormal results in the tympanic membrane examination (rapture-effusion). The remaining subjects underwent peripheral audiometry evaluation, and children with abnormal audiometry were excluded from the study. Finally, the remaining children with suspicious screening results, a normal examination, and normal audiometry underwent a specific test to detect Central auditory processing disorder. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS software.Results: One thousand three hundred sixty-nine primary school students with a mean age of 9.15 ±2.63 years enrolled in this study. 52%% of students were male. 8.03% of them had CAPD. A statistically significant relationship was found between the prevalence of CAPD and gender (P<0.001), place of residence (P<0.001), history of middle ear inflammation (P<0.001) and history of head injury.Conclusion: The quality of life of these students with CAPD can be improved via timely recognition of CAPD and the provision of appropriate preventive and therapeutic facilities.","PeriodicalId":14537,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Child Neurology","volume":"18 1","pages":"71-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10874509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139905665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficacy and Safety of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Children with Neuroimmunological Disorders: A Limited Unicentral Study. 治疗性血浆置换对神经免疫紊乱儿童的有效性和安全性：一项有限的单中心研究

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Iranian Journal of Child Neurology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.22037/ijcn.v18i1.40139

Ali Nikkhah, Mohammad Mahdi Nasehi, Nader Momtazmanesh, Kourosh Etemad, Somayeh Hajatnia

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Children with Neuroimmunological Disorders: A Limited Unicentral Study.","authors":"Ali Nikkhah, Mohammad Mahdi Nasehi, Nader Momtazmanesh, Kourosh Etemad, Somayeh Hajatnia","doi":"10.22037/ijcn.v18i1.40139","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ijcn.v18i1.40139","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is a plasmapheresis procedure whose Safety data for pediatric neuro-immunological disorders (PNID) is confined. The present research documents TPE's safety and feasibility data in these conditions.Materials & methods: The current study involved six distinct groups of patients with PNID undergoing TPE: neuromyelitis optic spectrum disorder (NMOSD), autoimmune encephalitis (AIE), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), multiple sclerosis (MS), Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), and optic neuritis (ON). This study documented complications related to each TPE process. In addition, TPE's efficacy was studied in these patients.Results: The present study recorded adverse effects in 18 patients with PNID that received 121 TPE cycles: five cycles (4.13%) in MS, three (2.48%) in AIE subgroup, one (0.82%) in ADEM, and two (1.65%) in GBS. No severe complications were observed among the patients.Conclusion: Patients with PNID tolerated therapeutic plasma exchange, which was a safe process.","PeriodicalId":14537,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Child Neurology","volume":"18 2","pages":"31-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11015729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140849952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of White Noise Sound on the Severity of Muscle Vaccination Pain in Children Under Two Years. 白噪声对两岁以下儿童肌肉接种疼痛严重程度的影响

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Iranian Journal of Child Neurology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.22037/ijcn.v18i2.38746

Abbas Shamsalinia, Zahra Fotokian, Zahra Jannat Alipour, Yadollah Zahedpasha, Fatemeh Mohammadkhah

{"title":"Effects of White Noise Sound on the Severity of Muscle Vaccination Pain in Children Under Two Years.","authors":"Abbas Shamsalinia, Zahra Fotokian, Zahra Jannat Alipour, Yadollah Zahedpasha, Fatemeh Mohammadkhah","doi":"10.22037/ijcn.v18i2.38746","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ijcn.v18i2.38746","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Pain and its control is a significant health problem worldwide. The present study aimed to determine the effects of white noise (bird sound) on the severity of muscle vaccination pain in children under two years old.Materials & methods: This study was a case-control study conducted in 2021. The samples included seventy children under two years old referred to the health centers in Ramsar City, Iran. The samples were selected using the convenient sampling method and divided into experimental and control groups. The data were collected using the demographic characteristics questionnaire, facial expression, and pain assessment in pediatric patients (FLACC). They were then analyzed by SPSS16 using an independent t-test and analysis of covariance (P<0.05).Results: A significant difference was observed between the severity of muscle vaccination pain in children in the two groups (p=0.042); the pain intensity mean in the experimental group (6.45±2.01) was lower than the control group (8.94±1.28).Conclusion: This method can be a harmless and inexpensive intervention to reduce pain intensity and behavioral pain responses in infants during painful procedures, especially vaccination.","PeriodicalId":14537,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Child Neurology","volume":"18 2","pages":"113-125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11015731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140850604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cultural adaptation, validation, and standardization of a developmental screening tool (ASQ-3) in Iranian children. 伊朗儿童发育筛查工具（ASQ-3）的文化适应、验证和标准化。

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Iranian Journal of Child Neurology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.22037/ijcn.v18i2.39595

Ghazal Shariatpanahi, Roshanak Vameghi, Niloufar Ghanbari, Seyed Hamed Barekati, Hamid Reza Lornejad, Naria Abolghasemi

{"title":"Cultural adaptation, validation, and standardization of a developmental screening tool (ASQ-3) in Iranian children.","authors":"Ghazal Shariatpanahi, Roshanak Vameghi, Niloufar Ghanbari, Seyed Hamed Barekati, Hamid Reza Lornejad, Naria Abolghasemi","doi":"10.22037/ijcn.v18i2.39595","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ijcn.v18i2.39595","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aimed at culturally adapting, validating, and standardizing the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, third edition (ASQ-3) by implementing a nation-wide cross-sectional methodological study in order to provide a valid and reliable tool for determining the developmental status of Iranian children.Materials & methods: This cross-sectional and methodological study was conducted on Iranian children between 1-66 months. The ASQ-3 tool was translated; following that, its face and content validity, as well as the cross-cultural adaptation were assessed by 51 specialists and experts in the field of pediatrics and child development. In order to determine the reliability of the ASQ-3 (using Cronbach's alpha), and cut-off points. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA software.Results: This study was enrolled in 2 phases. The face and content validity, as well as the cultural relevance of the Persian version of ASQ-3 was confirmed using panel of specialists views then researchers investigated 11,740 children aged 1-66 months in order to evaluate the reliability of the tool. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients (reliability) determined for the ASQ-3 and the cut-off points for the ASQ-3 of different age groups and domains were determined by calculating one and two SDs below the mean; the latter represents the main cut-off point, and the interval between the two represents the monitoring zone according to the ASQ-3 technical manual.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the Iranian version of ASQ-3 is valid and reliable; moreover, the cut-off points designated for it can be implemented in the Iranian children community to assess their developmental status.","PeriodicalId":14537,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Child Neurology","volume":"18 2","pages":"55-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11015726/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140859024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of a Novel ASAH1 Gene Mutation in Spinal Muscular Atrophy with Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy. 在脊髓肌肉萎缩伴进行性肌阵挛性癫痫患者中发现新型 ASAH1 基因突变。

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Iranian Journal of Child Neurology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.22037/ijcn.v18i3.44081

Najmeh Ahangari, Fatemeh Arab, Meisam Babaei

{"title":"Identification of a Novel ASAH1 Gene Mutation in Spinal Muscular Atrophy with Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy.","authors":"Najmeh Ahangari, Fatemeh Arab, Meisam Babaei","doi":"10.22037/ijcn.v18i3.44081","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ijcn.v18i3.44081","url":null,"abstract":"Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) with progressive myoclonic epilepsy (PME) affects the nervous system. Symptoms appear in early childhood and include muscle weakness, difficulty walking, seizures, and cognitive decline. Despite introducing various therapies to restore acid ceramidase function or reduce ceramide accumulation and gene therapy to correct genetic mutations, there are still unknown underlying molecular mechanisms related to this disorder. This article reports a novel variant c.118G>C in the ASAH1 gene. The patient presented with clinical manifestations such as progressive muscle weakness and myoclonic convulsions. Clinical features and electrophysiological investigations revealed a motor neuron disease and generalized epileptic discharge. A significant temporal interval was observed between the initial diagnosis of SMA and the subsequent manifestation of myoclonic seizures. The proband was genetically assessed through whole exome sequencing (WES) followed by variant confirmation and bioinformatics analysis. According to this article's findings and previous research, further diagnostic testing and management are needed to determine the severity and progression of the patient's condition.","PeriodicalId":14537,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Child Neurology","volume":"18 3","pages":"131-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11231673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141579704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immune mediated myasthenia gravis in children, current concepts and new treatments: A narrative review article. 免疫介导的儿童肌无力：当前概念和新疗法：综述文章。

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Iranian Journal of Child Neurology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.22037/ijcn.v18i3.45054

Azita Tavasoli

{"title":"Immune mediated myasthenia gravis in children, current concepts and new treatments: A narrative review article.","authors":"Azita Tavasoli","doi":"10.22037/ijcn.v18i3.45054","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ijcn.v18i3.45054","url":null,"abstract":"Myasthenia gravis (MG) is the most frequent transmission disease in the neuromuscular junction. Juvenile myasthenia gravis (JMG) is an autoimmune antibody-mediated disease of postsynaptic endplate defined as MG presentation in patients before the age of 18 years old. While many clinical features of JMG are identical to the adults, there are some significant differences between them regarding presentation, clinical course, antibody level, and thymus histopathology. In JMG, ocular symptoms are more frequent, the clinical course is comparably benign, and the outcome is better than adult MG. Antibodies attack the muscle endplate proteins in the postsynaptic membrane and interfere with transmission. These antibodies in most patients are against the acetylcholine receptors, but they may also be directed toward muscle-specific kinase, lipoprotein-related protein 4, and agrin. Findings show racial influences and genetic effects on the occurrence of JMG. The essential clinical symptom is fatigable weakness of muscles that can be in the form of isolated ocular type or more disseminated weakness. The diagnosis of JMG is essentially clinical, with fluctuating patterns of weakness and easy fatigability, but a series of diagnostic evaluations can confirm the diagnosis. Precise diagnostic evaluation and distinction from congenital myasthenic syndromes is critical. The treatment plan is conducted according to the clinical course (ocular or generalized), antibody type, and disease severity. The mainstay of treatment includes symptomatic therapy, long-lasting immunosuppressive treatment and treatment of myasthenic crisis. Novel medications are introduced and conducted to the specific pathophysiologic mechanisms of the disease, and they are used primarily in the refractory MG.","PeriodicalId":14537,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Child Neurology","volume":"18 3","pages":"21-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11231678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141579705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Visual Perception in Children with a History of Hypoglycemia due to Hyperinsulinism. 有高胰岛素血症低血糖史的儿童的视觉感知。

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Iranian Journal of Child Neurology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.22037/ijcn.v18i1.34620

Mohammad Reza Ghazavi, Jafar Nasiri, Azin Momeni, Mahin Hashemipour

{"title":"Visual Perception in Children with a History of Hypoglycemia due to Hyperinsulinism.","authors":"Mohammad Reza Ghazavi, Jafar Nasiri, Azin Momeni, Mahin Hashemipour","doi":"10.22037/ijcn.v18i1.34620","DOIUrl":"10.22037/ijcn.v18i1.34620","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Hyperinsulinism refers to improper insulin secretion in the presence of low plasma glucose, causing severe and persistent hypoglycemia in infants and children. The brain's occipital lobe, which includes the visual and plays an essential role in visual perception is specifically sensitive to hypoglycemia-induced damage. The present study aims to investigate the visual perception in children suffering from hyperinsulinism and to compare it with the control group.Materials & methods: This cross-sectional control study, conducted in 2020 in Isfahan, Iran, involved 20 children aged 4-13 years with hyperinsulinism and 20 healthy children of the same age and gender for comparison. In both groups, the measuring instrument was the Test of Visual Perceptual Skills (non-motor) Third Edition.Results: The mean visual perceptual quotient in the case and control groups was 80.50±26.74 and 116.50±7.56 (p-value<0.001), respectively. The results overall indicated that children suffering from hyperinsulinism were weaker than healthy children in all areas of visual perception.Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, it is recommended that children suffering from hyperinsulinism be screened regarding visual perceptual disorders since this screening may be helpful in initiating different rehabilitation programs among these patients.","PeriodicalId":14537,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Child Neurology","volume":"18 1","pages":"17-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10874517/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139905667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0