International Journal of Women's Health最新文献

{"title":"Integrative Medicine Treatment Strategy for Tuberculosis of the Breast Combined with Granulomatous Mastitis: A Case Report.","authors":"Yifei Zeng, Dongxiao Zhang, Na Fu, Hao Dong, Yu Zhou","doi":"10.2147/IJWH.S534962","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJWH.S534962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast tuberculosis (BTB) is a clinically rare breast disease, and cases of BTB combined with granulomatous mastitis are even rarer. This type of disease is straightforward to misdiagnose or overlook during clinical diagnosis, thereby delaying treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case report describes a rare case of granulomatous mastitis complicated by breast tuberculosis in an elderly female patient admitted to the Breast Surgery Department of Beijing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University. Through a retrospective analysis of the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment process, this study compares the patient's condition after three follow-up visits following the implementation of a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment regimen, as well as the six-month post-operative follow-up outcomes. Additionally, by referencing relevant prior literature, this study analyzes and summarizes the current status of diagnostic and therapeutic research on BTB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this case, granulomatous mastitis was the first symptom in the early stage, and traditional Chinese medicine soup was taken internally as well as poultices applied externally, with a relatively obvious clinical effect. The diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasound, CT, tissue biopsy, Mycobacterium tuberculosis acid-fast stained smear, and other tests. The patient was treated surgically, and the diagnosis was finally confirmed by molecular testing and anti-tuberculosis treatment in a specialized hospital. The patient's condition was stable on follow-up, and the prognosis was good.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early diagnosis and differentiation of breast tuberculosis is difficult, and it is very easy to misdiagnose and delay the disease. In the early stage of the disease, traditional Chinese medicine can be used in combination, and in the stable stage of the disease, a reasonable choice of surgical treatment can shorten the course of the disease. This also reveals the important value of integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatment in the clinical treatment of this type of patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"17 ","pages":"2959-2967"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12435507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145074943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Causal Links Between Uterine Prolapse, Urinary Tract Infections, and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Xiaoyue Zhu, Chunyan Hu, Anneng Hu, Yongbo Zheng, Junyang Li, Fuwen Luo, Lin Yang, Yuhang Lin, Xiaodong Yu","doi":"10.2147/IJWH.S530763","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJWH.S530763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Uterine prolapse (UP), a subtype of pelvic organ prolapse (POP), frequently coexists with urinary tract infections (UTIs) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), including urinary frequency (UF), urinary incontinence (UI), and urinary retention (UR), is a common pelvic floor dysfunction disorder in women. However, the causal relationship between these conditions remains controversial. This study aims to fill this gap by applying two-sample Mendelian randomization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted to genetically evaluate associations between UP and UTIs/LUTS. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method served as the primary analysis, supplemented by sensitivity analyses to assess the validity and reliability of results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MR analysis suggested a potential causal link between UP and increased risk of UTIs (p = 0.048). No causal associations were observed between UP and UF, UI, or UR. Sensitivity analyses confirmed stability of results, with no evidence of heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy among instrumental variables (IVs).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>UP may act as a risk factor for UTIs, though further validation is needed given the borderline statistical significance. No clear causal relationships were identified between UP and UF, UI, or UR.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"17 ","pages":"2947-2957"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12428639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145064577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Scoping Review of Nutritional Intake and Physical Activity in Adolescent Girls with Anemia.","authors":"Arina Nursafrina Rahmatina, Mohammad Ghozali, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani, Dany Hilmanto, Yenni Zuhairini, Hadi Susiarno, Ramdan Panigoro","doi":"10.2147/IJWH.S519269","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJWH.S519269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anemia is a significant health concern in adolescents, linked to diminished physical stamina and productivity. Menstruation is a prevalent cause of iron deficiency anemia. If this persists until pregnancy, it may elevate the risk of having infants with low birth weight. Consequently, efficacious preventive interventions are necessary. This literature review investigates the correlation between dietary intake and physical activity with anemia in adolescent girls. The evaluation was per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards. A thorough search was conducted across various databases, including PubMed (n = 59), Scopus (n = 103), and ScienceDirect (n = 5546), along with manual citation tracking (n = 6) and previously published reviews (n = 2), yielding a total of 5708 articles. Following the screening process, 157 articles were eliminated for irrelevance, four articles were deemed inaccessible, and 14 articles were added based on the eligibility assessment. The results emphasize that macronutrient and micronutrient consumption are essential for erythropoiesis and the prevention of anemia. Dietary diversity and sufficient energy intake were substantially correlated with enhanced anemia status. Furthermore, moderate to strenuous physical activity correlated favorably with hemoglobin and ferritin concentrations. Excessive body fat may impede iron absorption. Overall, sufficient dietary consumption and consistent physical exercise seem complementary to preventing anemia. This is important as an effort to prevent disease throughout the life span because anemia that persists into adulthood hurts pregnancy, childbirth, and the health outcomes of the newborn. However, we have not identified a certain frequency and duration of activity that affects anemia. Consequently, additional investigation is required regarding this matter.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"17 ","pages":"2891-2907"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12422128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gaps in Low-Dose Aspirin Use for Preeclampsia Prevention: Insights and Clinical Implications.","authors":"Nadir Ganem, Maya Frank Wolf, Raneen Sawaid Kayal, Ala Aiob, Dina Gumin, Lior Lowenstein, Inshirah Sgayer","doi":"10.2147/IJWH.S536497","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJWH.S536497","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate real-world prescribing patterns of low-dose aspirin for preeclampsia prevention among pregnant women who met the Israeli or American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) guideline criteria for preeclampsia prophylaxis, and to identify disparities and missed opportunities in implementing risk-based prophylaxis in a diverse obstetric population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed women who delivered live births at a tertiary medical center in northern Israel between March 2020 and April 2024. Eligibility for low-dose aspirin prophylaxis was assessed using Israeli guidelines, focusing on major risk factors, and the broader ACOG criteria, which include moderate-risk factors. This dual approach reflects debates in Israel about incorporating moderate-risk factors into routine clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 18,838 women included, 1,160 (6.2%) met the criteria for low-dose aspirin prophylaxis under Israeli guidelines, and 511 (44.1%) of these received prescriptions. The prescription rate was highest among women with a history of preeclampsia (79.0%) and pregestational diabetes (66.3%) but notably lower among those with chronic hypertension (30.3%) and autoimmune diseases (41.3%). Under ACOG criteria, 2,559 women (13.6%) were eligible for low-dose aspirin, but only 27.9% (715/2,559) received prophylaxis. The prescription rate was significantly higher among women with high-risk factors than among those with only moderate-risk factors (OR=0.16, p<0.001). Arab women were more likely to receive low-dose aspirin than were Jewish women (31.2% vs 24.5%, p<0.001), consistent with higher prevalences of risk factors. Multivariate analysis showed that a history of preeclampsia (OR=7.15, p<0.001) and pregestational diabetes (OR=3.80, p<0.001) were strongly associated with low-dose aspirin prescription.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings reveal suboptimal prescription of low-dose aspirin according to guideline criteria, especially among women with moderate-risk factors. Even among women with high-risk factors, disparities in prescribing practices persisted. These gaps highlight the need for better provider education, consistent risk assessment, and structured implementation strategies to improve guideline adherence.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"17 ","pages":"2909-2917"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12419217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Spatiotemporal Trends and Modifiable Risk Factors for Female Infertility: An Age-Period-Cohort Using Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 and Mendelian Randomization Analysis.","authors":"Yuan Zhou, Dan Peng","doi":"10.2147/IJWH.S543096","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJWH.S543096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to describe the global burden of female infertility, analyze its spatial and temporal trends, and offer targeted epidemiological insights to support the prevention and management of female infertility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Drawing on insights from the GBD 2021 study, we analyzed age-standardized prevalence rates (ASPR) of female infertility (1990-2021) across global regions and Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) categories. We quantified temporal trends using estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and Age-Period-Cohort analyses across age groups and geographic regions. Furthermore, the causal relationships between 16 modifiable risk factors, 10 serum biomarkers, and female infertility were assessed by two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and mediation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Globally, the ASPR of female infertility exhibited an increasing trend over the study period. Across all SDI regions, infertility prevalence peaked at ages 35-40. MR analysis identified poor general health (IVW OR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.49-2.52; P_FDR = 1.24×10^-5), elevated waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (IVW OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.04-1.20; P_FDR = 3.26×10^-3), and neuroticism (IVW OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.04-1.15; P_FDR = 1.25×10^-3) as significant risk factors, whereas higher educational attainment (IVW OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.93-0.97; P_FDR = 3.26×10^-4), greater body fat percentage (IVW OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.52-0.85; P_FDR = 4.10×10^-3) and napping (IVW OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.45-0.89; P_FDR = 1.94×10^-2) had protective effects. Mediation analysis demonstrated that HbA1c and triglycerides (TG) partially mediated the relationship between WHR and infertility, while TG mediated the effect of educational attainment on female infertility.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Age-Period-Cohort modeling suggests that shifts in reproductive age patterns, environmental exposures, and cohort-specific risk profiles are key contributors to observed disparities. Targeted public health interventions, including educational promotion, lifestyle modifications, and routine metabolic screening, are essential to mitigate the rising infertility burden in the coming decades.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"17 ","pages":"2929-2945"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12419219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal Links Between Cerebrospinal Fluid Metabolites and Postpartum Depression: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Yanxi Long, Hui Liu, Rumeng Ban, Zifeng Xu, Tao Xu","doi":"10.2147/IJWH.S540467","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJWH.S540467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postpartum depression (PPD) significantly affects maternal health and infant development, yet its underlying neurochemical mechanisms remain poorly understood. While observational studies have linked cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolites with mood disorders, causal relationships are difficult to establish due to confounding environmental factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We applied bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore causal associations between 338 CSF metabolites and PPD. Genetic instruments were obtained from a metabolome-wide GWAS (n=291), and PPD summary statistics were derived from the FinnGen study (7604 PPD cases; 59,601 controls). Forward MR assessed how CSF metabolites affect PPD risk, while reverse MR evaluated the impact of PPD on metabolite levels. The primary analysis used inverse-variance weighting (IVW), supported by MR-Egger, weighted median/mode, and sensitivity tests including Cochran's Q and MR-PRESSO.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forward MR identified 10 CSF metabolites with causal effects on PPD. Protective metabolites included guanosine, argininosuccinate, maleate, N6-methyllysine, and homocarnosine. In contrast, increased levels of N-acetyl-isoputreanine, glucose, benzoate, gluconate, and arachidonate were associated with higher PPD risk. Reverse MR showed that PPD may causally lower CSF maleate levels, suggesting mitochondrial involvement in disease progression. All findings were robust to sensitivity analyses, with no evidence of pleiotropy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study is the first to use bidirectional MR to investigate the causal role of CSF metabolites in PPD. Our results highlight potential metabolic drivers and feedback mechanisms in PPD, especially the reciprocal link with maleate. These findings offer new insights into PPD's neurobiology and suggest novel targets for early detection and may inform novel therapeutic strategies in maternal mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"17 ","pages":"2919-2928"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12421254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Burden of Major Urologic Diseases in Women, 1990-2021: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.","authors":"Junyi Zhang, Junxiao Shen, Zujie Chen, Luyuan Lu, Jianwei Wang","doi":"10.2147/IJWH.S543955","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJWH.S543955","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The global health burden faced by women remains underappreciated, particularly with regard to urologic diseases.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to assess the patterns and temporal trends of four major urinary conditions in women including urinary tract infections (UTIs), urolithiasis, kidney cancer, and bladder cancer from 1990 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We obtained data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021, which provides estimates of incidence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for urologic diseases in women across 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021. To assess temporal trends, we calculated the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) by region. Age-specific patterns were further evaluated through stratified analyses of incidence and DALYs across the life course.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, the global incidence of urologic diseases in women continued to rise. Country- and region-specific analyses revealed diverse trends in incidence rates and DALYs. Analysis of the EAPC in 2021 showed a positive correlation between the age-standardized death rate (ASDR) of UTIs and the Human Development Index (HDI), whereas bladder cancer ASDR was negatively correlated with HDI. Risk factor analysis indicated that smoking and poor metabolic health exacerbate the burden of kidney and bladder cancers. Additionally, both DALYs and incidence rates varied markedly across age groups. While the age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) and ASDR for urolithiasis remained relatively stable over time, UTIs, as well as kidney and bladder cancers showed a slight increase projected beyond 2032.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The burden of four major urologic diseases in women constitutes a significant global public health challenge. The diverse disease patterns underscore the importance of developing tailored, country-specific prevention and healthcare strategies based on local risk factor profiles. Our findings offer critical evidence to guide targeted public health policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"17 ","pages":"2869-2883"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12417710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coexistence of Congenital Dysfibrinogenemia and Antiphospholipid Syndrome in Pregnancy: A Case Report.","authors":"Zi Wang, Su Mao, Shujie Wang, Wen Zhang, Congwei Jia, Tienan Zhu","doi":"10.2147/IJWH.S528071","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJWH.S528071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital dysfibrinogenemia (CD) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) are two distinct thrombotic disorders that can have significant clinical implications, especially in pregnancy. CD is a rare inherited condition caused by mutations in fibrinogen genes, leading to abnormal fibrin polymerization and fibrinolysis, and causes bleeding tendencies, thrombosis and pregnancy complications. APS, an acquired autoimmune disorder, increases the risk of recurrent thrombosis and adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as miscarriages and stillbirths. This report describes a 35-year-old woman with genetically confirmed congenital dysfibrinogenemia (CD) (heterozygous FGG c.1001A>C) who subsequently developed antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Notably, although lupus anticoagulant and β2GP1-IgM positivity were present since 2017, APS remained undiagnosed until 2023, following her third miscarriage. In retrospect, she fulfilled the Sydney criteria with recurrent early pregnancy loss, persistent antibodies, and livedo reticularis. During her successful pregnancy in 2021, management focused exclusively on CD: fibrinogen levels were monitored (0.47-0.98 g/L), and fibrinogen concentrate was administered during cesarean delivery due to fetal growth restriction. This resulted in a live infant birth, despite the later recognition of placental thrombosis as APS pathology. This case highlights how CD may mask the diagnosis of APS. The aunt's uneventful pregnancy, with the same FGG mutation but no APS, confirms CD's limited obstetric impact. The delayed APS recognition underscores the importance of reevaluating antiphospholipid status in CD patients experiencing new thrombotic or obstetric events. However, the management of combined CD and APS remains theoretical.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"17 ","pages":"2885-2890"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12417704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of Fetal Growth Restriction Using Serum PlGF Combined with PAPP-A in Early Pregnancy.","authors":"Huifang Huang, Sumei Wang","doi":"10.2147/IJWH.S524412","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJWH.S524412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the predictive capacity of placenta growth factor (PlGF) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) levels in the serum of pregnant women during early pregnancy (11-13⁺⁶ weeks) for fetal growth restriction (FGR).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 1602 pregnant women who gave birth at The Second Nanning People's Hospital between March 2018 and September 2019. Serum concentrations of PlGF and PAPP-A were measured during early pregnancy for all participants. Based on pregnancy outcomes, participants were categorized into the FGR group (n = 94) and the normal control group (n = 1508). Clinical characteristics, serum PAPP-A, and PlGF levels during early pregnancy (11-13⁺⁶ weeks) were compared between the two groups using <i>t</i>-tests and one-way analysis of variance. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to assess the predictive value of each biomarker.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall incidence of FGR in the study cohort was 5.86%. Pregnant women in the FGR group exhibited significantly lower serum levels of PlGF and PAPP-A compared to the control group (both <i>p</i><0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that PAPP-A levels were inversely associated with maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), platelet count, and fibrinogen (all <i>p</i><0.05). ROC analysis demonstrated that the area under the curve (AUC) for predicting FGR was 0.734 (95% CI: 0.677-0.790) for PlGF and 0.729 (95% CI: 0.676-0.781) for PAPP-A, which indicates a certain individual predictive value. When combined, the predictive efficiency slightly improved (AUC=0.742).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum levels of PlGF and PAPP-A in early pregnancy can effectively predict FGR, with slightly improved predictive accuracy when used together, presenting a new method for early FGR screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"17 ","pages":"2845-2851"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145029724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Endometrial Microbiome in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss Individuals: Microbial Imbalance and Network Fragility.","authors":"Bolun Zhang, Shaochong Lin, Sidong Wang, Weiyu Chen, Yushu Chen, Dandan Cao, Qingzhi Liu, Yuanqing Yao","doi":"10.2147/IJWH.S534065","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJWH.S534065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Emerging evidence suggests that an abnormal endometrial microbiota may be a potential factor contributing to recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). This study aimed to characterize the endometrial microbiota in patients with RPL and to explore its association with miscarriage.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, EndoMetrial Microbiome Assay (EMMA) data from women attending clinics were collected and categorized into RPL and control groups according to their miscarriage history. Species diversity analysis, differential microbiota analysis, and machine learning methods were employed to identify key microbial genera associated with RPL. Microbial network analysis was then performed to further characterize the endometrial microbiome in patients with RPL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences in α-diversity were observed between the RPL and control groups across multiple indices (all P > 0.05); however, β-diversity differed significantly (Euclidean distance, P = 0.039). Regarding species composition, the control group showed a significantly higher abundance of <i>Lactobacillus</i>, whereas the RPL group had increased levels of pathogenic bacteria, including <i>Gardnerella, Staphylococcus</i>, and <i>Streptococcus</i>. Machine learning identified three key genera associated with RPL: <i>Streptococcus, Chryseobacterium</i>, and <i>Fusobacterium</i>. Microbial network analysis further revealed the fragility of the endometrial microbial community in patients with RPL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings offer novel insights into the mechanisms of endometrial microenvironmental changes in patients with RPL and highlight potential microbial biomarkers and therapeutic targets for future clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"17 ","pages":"2853-2868"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12414468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}