International Journal of Women's Health最新文献

{"title":"The Serum Platelet-Albumin Ratio in Hyperemesis Gravidarum: A Retrospective Comparative Study.","authors":"Osman Ince, Esra Ince","doi":"10.2147/IJWH.S595508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S595508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the association between platelet-to-albumin ratio (PAR) and hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), and to assess its potential diagnostic value.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This retrospective comparative study was conducted at a tertiary obstetrics center between January 2024 and December 2025. A total of 160 pregnant women were included (80 with HG and 80 healthy controls). Demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gravidity and parity differed significantly between groups (p<0.001). Among laboratory parameters, TSH (1.64±0.53 vs 1.20±0.39, p=0.006), potassium (4.06±0.41 vs 3.95±0.43, p=0.003), albumin (42.69±5.72 vs 39.59±8.56, p<0.001), and PAR (6.15±1.49 vs 9.26±2.89, p<0.001) were significantly different. ROC analysis demonstrated that PAR had a cut-off value of ≥6.51 for predicting HG (AUC = 0.825, 95% CI: 0.74-0.88), with 82.1% sensitivity and 66.2% specificity. The positive predictive value (PPV) was 80.9% and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 79.1%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PAR levels were significantly elevated in patients with HG and may serve as a simple and accessible biomarker. However, larger prospective studies are required to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"18 ","pages":"595508"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13148262/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acupuncture for Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: A Randomized, Non-Inferiority Protocol with Exploratory Epigenetics Analysis.","authors":"Yu Luo, Suning Huang, Haichuan Xie, Bei Zhang, Fei Ma, Yanting Lin, Yan Ning, Jiaman Wu","doi":"10.2147/IJWH.S586584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S586584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), characterized by the loss of ovarian function before age 40, significantly impairs reproductive health. While Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) remains the standard of care, its efficacy is often limited by incomplete functional restoration and potential adverse effects. Acupuncture has emerged as a promising adjunct; however, robust clinical evidence and a clear mechanistic understanding are currently lacking. This study aims to evaluate the non-inferiority of acupuncture compared to HRT in improving clinical pregnancy rates among women with POI, while concurrently exploring potential epigenetic mechanisms, specifically DNA methylation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial. A total of 572 participants with POI undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) will be recruited and randomized to receive either a standardized acupuncture protocol or HRT (following 2024 ESHRE guidelines). Additionally, 286 women with normal ovarian function undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) for male-factor or tubal infertility will be enrolled as a baseline control group for epigenetic analysis. The primary outcome is the clinical pregnancy rate. Secondary outcomes include serum sex hormones, ovarian reserve markers, ovulation induction parameters, pregnancy outcomes, the Modified Kupperman Index, and DNA methylation profiles in ovarian granulosa cells, characterized via whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This protocol is designed to establish clinical evidence regarding the non-inferiority of acupuncture to HRT for POI management. Furthermore, the exploratory epigenetic analysis seeks to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms, potentially identifying DNA methylation as a key regulatory pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"18 ","pages":"586584"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13148264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of the CXCL-ACKR1 Signaling Axis with the Angiogenic Microenvironment in Endometrial Cancer: A Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis.","authors":"Keyuan Zhao, Yanjiao Jiang","doi":"10.2147/IJWH.S582387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S582387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the role of the CXCL signaling pathway in angiogenesis of endometrial cancer and evaluate its potential as a therapeutic target.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Single-cell RNA sequencing <b>(scRNA-seq)</b> data from 18 endometrial cancer and normal control tissues were integrated with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Data were analyzed through clustering and cell type annotation to explore the tumor microenvironment, followed by cell-cell interaction analysis to assess the activity of the CXCL signaling pathway. We then quantified CXCL pathway activity using CellChat-derived ligand-receptor communication metrics (communication probability/interaction strength) and evaluated supporting gene expression differences for key ligands and receptor across tumor versus control samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><b>ScRNA-seq</b> revealed a complex tumor microenvironment composed of epithelial, stromal, immune, and endothelial cells. The CXCL signaling pathway was significantly activated in endometrial cancer. Dominant signaling axes such as CXCL8-ACKR1, CXCL2-ACKR1, and CXCL3-ACKR1 were identified. CXCL8, CXCL2, and CXCL3 were highly expressed in tumor tissues and were predicted to interact with ACKR1 expressed on endothelial cells, suggesting a potential role of the CXCL-ACKR1 axis in regulating tumor-associated angiogenic signaling.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study support an association between the CXCL-ACKR1 axis and endothelial-targeted signaling patterns consistent with angiogenesis in endometrial cancer. ACKR1 may serve as a promising anti-angiogenic therapeutic target, offering new insights into precision treatment strategies for endometrial cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"18 ","pages":"582387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13142270/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiotherapy in Cervical Myeloid Sarcoma: A Case Report and Literature Discussion.","authors":"Zi-Hong Li, Jia-Xing Guo, Ji-Hong Zhang, Zhi-Ling An, Xiao Liang, Li-Hua Wang, Ying-Na Bao","doi":"10.2147/IJWH.S577113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S577113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a rare extramedullary tumor formed by the abnormal proliferation of immature myeloid cells. It can occur concurrently with or secondary to various myeloid neoplasms, most commonly acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Cervical involvement is extremely rare, and its clinical presentation often mimics that of primary gynecologic malignancies, typically manifesting as vaginal bleeding, a palpable cervical mass, or cervical enlargement.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the case of a 67-year-old woman with a history of AML who had received multiple lines of chemotherapy and presented with irregular vaginal bleeding since more than 1 month. Cervical biopsy showed diffuse infiltration of atypical myeloid cells, and immunohistochemistry supported the diagnosis of MS. She received pelvic radiotherapy with 6 MV X-ray intensity-modulated radiation therapy combined with intracavitary brachytherapy, and follow-up evaluation 3 months later demonstrated marked shrinkage of the cervical mass.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights that cervical MS is prone to being misdiagnosed and that histopathology with immunohistochemistry is essential for a definitive diagnosis. Even in patients who have undergone multiple lines of systemic therapy and are unable to receive hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, local radiotherapy can achieve rapid and effective local control, and may confer a survival benefit.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"18 ","pages":"577113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13147471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness and Safety of External Cephalic Version in Full-Term Breech Presentations: Retrospective Study.","authors":"Qianqian He, Fuchun Cui, Yanling Jin, Haiying Li, Xiaofen Duan, Yanlei Xu, Qian Wang","doi":"10.2147/IJWH.S597656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S597656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>External cephalic version (ECV) is a pivotal intervention aimed at converting abnormal foetal presentations to cephalic in full-term pregnancies, thereby reducing cesarean delivery rates. This study evaluated the effectiveness of ECV and examined factors influencing its success.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted single-centre retrospective observational study at the Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, high-volume tertiary obstetric centre, from January 2018 to December 2023. Three hundred and sixty-five women with singleton-term pregnancies and breech, transverse, or oblique foetal presentation who underwent attempted ECV were included. Detailed clinical data, encompassing maternal characteristics, procedural variables, and delivery outcomes, were extracted from medical records. ECV success was defined as conversion to cephalic presentation confirmed by ultrasound without associated complications. Statistical analyses, including univariate and multivariate logistic regression, were performed to identify independent predictors of successful ECV.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the study population, 237 patients achieved successful ECV, representing a 64.9% success rate. No major maternal or neonatal complications attributable to the ECV procedure were documented in the study cohort. Multivariate analysis revealed that management by specialized disease team (adjusted OR: 3.262, p<0.001) and multiparity (adjusted OR: 2.374, p=0.001) were significantly associated with higher success rates. Conversely, an anterior placental location significantly reduced the odds of successful ECV (adjusted OR: 0.495, p=0.004). Maternal age and gestational age at the time of the procedure were not significant predictors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings underscore that specialized team management and favourable obstetric history are critical determinants of successful ECV, whereas an anterior placental location poses a significant impediment. These insights can inform clinical protocols and guide future research aimed at optimizing ECV outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"18 ","pages":"597656"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13142712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Home-Based Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Menstrual Pain and Premenstrual Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Tatiana C L A Silva, Yvinna T Rodrigues, Emilė Radytė, Ervinas Bernatavičius, Alexander A Cook, Ieva Karvelyte, Maria L A S Carvalho, Luiza Macedo, Joyce Maria Pereira de Oliveira, Talita Duarte Martins, Maria Fonseca, Jeysse A B Nascimento, Rodrigo Pegado, Maria T A B C Micussi","doi":"10.2147/IJWH.S564992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S564992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) and premenstrual syndrome (PMS) are common gynecological conditions that impair quality of life and productivity. Current treatments are mostly pharmacological and often come with side effects. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has emerged as a promising non-invasive neuromodulation technique for pain and mood symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the effects of home-based, self-administered dual-target tDCS on menstrual pain, mood symptoms, functional capacity, and quality of life in women with PD and PMS. Forty participants were randomized to receive either active or sham tDCS over five days in a menstrual cycle. Primary and secondary outcomes were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and one-cycle follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant group-by-time interaction was found for menstrual pain (VAS) (F(2,64)=1.09, p=0.34). Menstrual pain decreased over time in both groups (F(2,64)=7.93, p<0.001). At follow-up (T2), mean VAS was 23.44 ± 29.31 in the active group vs 39.43 ± 31.10 in the sham group (Cohen's d = -0.53; 95% CI -37.2;5.2). Exploratory analyses suggested improvements in negative mood (Estimate = 3.50, SE = 1.41; 95% CI 0.74-6.26) and psychological quality of life (Estimate = 0.36, SE = 0.15; 95% CI 0.07-0.65). No serious adverse events were reported, and most adverse effects were mild.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Home-based self-administered tDCS may be a safe and potentially beneficial non-pharmacological approach for managing menstrual pain and emotional symptoms in women with PD and PMS. Larger trials with longer follow-up periods are warranted to confirm these preliminary findings and to better understand possible longer-term effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"18 ","pages":"564992"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13142281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Psychological Capital, Dyadic Coping, and Ego Depletion in PCOS Patients and Their Spouses: An Actor‒Partner Interdependence Mediation Model.","authors":"Yimeng Zhang, Huiling Feng, Xuekui Ye, Meng Liu, Dan Lu, Yaxin Du, Jinghua Ma, Jun Ge","doi":"10.2147/IJWH.S593491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S593491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study examined the actor and partner associations between psychological capital and ego depletion among women with polycystic ovary syndrome and their spouses during lifestyle management, and tested the mediating role of dyadic coping using the actor-partner interdependence mediation model.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional dyadic study included 303 women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with a body mass index ≥24 kg/m² and their spouses, recruited from two tertiary hospitals in Hebei Province, China, between July and November 2025. Each partner completed self-report questionnaires assessing psychological capital, dyadic coping, and ego depletion. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 and AMOS version 26.0, with descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analyses, and an Actor-Partner Interdependence Mediation Model (APIMeM) conducted within a structural equation modeling framework. Bootstrap procedures with 5000 resamples were applied to test indirect effects, and model fit was evaluated using standard indices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings suggested actor effects, suggesting that psychological capital in women with PCOS and their spouses was associated with their own dyadic coping and ego depletion. This study found that patients' psychological capital was associated with ego depletion, with patients' and spouses' dyadic coping showing a partial mediating role. Dyadic coping in both couples fully accounted for the association within the model the association between spouses' psychological capital and patients' ego depletion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that psychological capital and dyadic coping are important psychosocial factors associated with ego depletion among women with polycystic ovary syndrome and their spouses during lifestyle management. The findings indicate that strengthening psychological capital and dyadic coping may be relevant to supporting lifestyle management and may provide a useful reference for dyad-oriented nursing practice in PCOS care.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"18 ","pages":"593491"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13138271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination on HR-HPV Persistence and Cervical Cytology Outcomes: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Mustafa Şahin, Tufan Arslanca","doi":"10.2147/IJWH.S594002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S594002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigates the potential impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination on the persistence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and cervical cytopathological outcomes. While targeted vaccines like the HPV vaccine are established modifiers of viral clearance, the influence of non-targeted systemic platforms and whether they exert any \"bystander\" immune effect on HR-HPV remains under-explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, clinical data were obtained from the colposcopy database and electronic health records of a tertiary care center in Turkey. A total of 1,435 HR-HPV positive women were analyzed over a mean follow-up period of 18.4 months. Participants were divided into COVID-19 vaccinated (n=723) and unvaccinated (n=712) groups. To isolate the specific impact of systemic immunization, individuals with prior COVID-19 infection, HPV vaccination, or cervical surgical procedures were excluded. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS v22.0. HR-HPV persistence and cytological progression were compared using Pearson's Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. Selection bias was ruled out via attrition analysis, and vaccination influence was assessed using multivariate logistic regression adjusted for age and follow-up duration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the 18.4-month follow-up, the estimated prevalence of HR-HPV persistence showed no statistically significant difference between the COVID-19 vaccinated and unvaccinated groups (p=0.600; 95% CI: -2.91 to 5.11). Persistence status for highly oncogenic genotypes appeared comparable for HPV-16 (p=0.922; 95% CI: -9.0 to 10.0) and HPV-18 (p=0.927; 95% CI: -15.8 to 14.4). Multivariable logistic regression analysis confirmed that vaccination status (aOR=1.108; 95% CI: 0.75-1.63) was not an independent risk factor for persistence. Furthermore, the prevalence of cervical precancerous lesions, including abnormal cytology (p=0.095) and biopsy-confirmed findings such as LSIL and HSIL (p=0.315; 95% CI: -8.8 to 19.4), remained similar across both cohorts. While HR-HPV related cervical cancers remain a significant global burden with high estimated incidence, our data demonstrated that systemic COVID-19 vaccination does not increase the risk of cytological progression or interfere with the natural clearance of high-risk genotypes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Systemic COVID-19 vaccination does not appear to influence the natural history of HR-HPV. Our findings suggest a state of immune compartmentalization where systemic immunization remains independent of localized cervical dynamics. Unlike targeted mucosal vaccines, these platforms maintain a neutral effect on viral clearance.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"18 ","pages":"594002"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13138280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-Term Superiority of Transvaginal CO₂ Laser versus Radiofrequency in Stress Urinary Incontinence: A 12-Month Retrospective Cohort Analysis.","authors":"Xiaohua Zheng, Chaoqin Lin, Yunyan Zheng, Yu Wang, Ying Xu","doi":"10.2147/IJWH.S570608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S570608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Approximately 20% of females experience stress urinary incontinence (SUI) during their lifetime. Emerging energy-based therapies, such as CO₂ laser and radiofrequency (RF), lack comparative evidence regarding efficacy stratification based on disease severity and patient characteristics.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to compare the 6- and 12-month outcomes of transvaginal dot-matrix CO₂ laser therapy versus AI temperature-controlled RF therapy in SUI patients, categorized by symptom severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 106 women (52 treated with laser therapy and 54 with RF therapy) who received standardized treatments. Primary outcomes included the reduction in the 1-hour urine pad test and changes in Questionnaire of International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICI-Q-SF) scores, while secondary outcomes comprised Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) scores and complication rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 6 months, the laser group exhibited a higher overall effective rate compared to the RF group (86.5% vs. 70.4%), with particularly superior outcomes in patients with mild SUI (pad test: 92.6% vs. 58.8%, p=0.017; ICI-Q-SF: 5.35 ± 3.11 vs. 6.98 ± 3.86, p<0.05). After 12 months, therapeutic equivalence was observed across all SUI severities, although RF demonstrated better sustained efficacy in moderate to severe cases (pad test: 70.27% vs. 40%, p=0.018; PGI-I: 2.87±0.89 vs. 3.37±1.01, p=0.009).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CO₂ laser therapy provides rapid symptom control for mild SUI, whereas RF therapy offers greater durability in more severe cases. These findings suggest that treatment modality selection should be personalized based on the severity of the disease and duration.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"18 ","pages":"570608"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13138308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative Multi-Omics Analysis Unveils Biomarkers Linking the Gut Microbiota, Blood Metabolites, and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss.","authors":"Weiming Hao, Ruigao Song, Huimin Lv, Chunying Song","doi":"10.2147/IJWH.S598767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S598767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Emerging evidence suggests that dysbiosis of gut microbiota and metabolic disturbance can adversely affect reproductive health. This study seeks to shed light on the connection between gut microbiota, blood metabolites, and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), and identify potential biomarkers linking them.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>The associations of gut microbiota and blood metabolites with RPL were explored through Mendelian randomization (MR) and mediation analyses. Differential expression analysis combined with three machine learning algorithms was then used to identify biomarkers that link the gut microbiota-blood metabolite network in RPL. Additionally, a nomogram was constructed to evaluate their predictive performance for RPL. On this basis, immune infiltration analysis and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) were further conducted to gauge the immune characteristics of RPL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 28 gut microbiota and 82 blood metabolites/metabolite ratios showed significant potential associations with RPL. Among them, mediation analysis revealed that 3-amino-2-piperidone amplified the hazardous effect of <i>Photobacterium</i> abundance on RPL (mediation proportion = 14.4%, β = 0.017, <i>P</i> = 0.0478), whereas <i>CAG-495</i> attenuated the protective effect of cysteine-glutathione disulfide levels on RPL (mediation proportion = 15.5%, β = 0.003, <i>P</i> = 0.0497). ASH1L, G6PD, SETDB1, and LAP3 were identified as biomarkers linking the gut microbiota-blood metabolites network in RPL. The nomogram constructed based on these biomarkers exhibited excellent ability to discriminate RPL, with an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.972. Finally, scRNA-seq demonstrated an increasing proportion of decidual macrophages and enhanced cell-cell communication in the RPL group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Significant potential links were observed between the gut microbiota, blood metabolites, and RPL. Integrative multi-omics analysis further identified key biomarkers linking gut microbiota, blood metabolites, and RPL, and highlighted the role of the gut microbiota-metabolites-immune axis in the pathogenesis of RPL.</p>","PeriodicalId":14356,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Women's Health","volume":"18 ","pages":"598767"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13138343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}