International Journal of Obesity最新文献

{"title":"Examining the roles of body composition, energy expenditure and substrate metabolism in the control of daily energy intake in adolescents with obesity.","authors":"D Thivel, M Hopkins, S Lazzer, C Montaurier, H Moore, B Pereira, J E Blundell, L Isacco, Y Boirie","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01740-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01740-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The implication of body composition and energy metabolism in the control of human energy intake (EI) has been well described in adults, remaining however unexplored in adolescents with obesity. The aim of this study was to question the role of body composition, energy expenditure (EE) and substrate metabolism in the control of EI of adolescents with obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ad libitum 24-h EI, body composition (Dual X-ray absorptiometry), Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR, indirect calorimeter) where measured and Total EE obtained during a 36-h stay in metabolic chambers in 26 adolescents (14.1 ± 1.5 years; 14 girls) with severe obesity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean body weight and Body Mass index were 92.2 ± 17.2 kg and 33.98 ± 4.14 kg.m^-2 respectively. 24-h EI was positively correlated with body weight (rho = 0.597, p = 0.014), Fat Free Mass (FFM) kg (rho = 0.576, p = 0.019), 24-h Total EE (TEE (rho =0.675, p < 0.001)), RMR (rho =0.632, p = 0.005), 24-h Carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation rates (rho = 0.716, p < 0.001), and urinary nitrogen excretion (rho =0.28, p < 0.001). According to the path analysis FFM (kg) but not Fat Mass (FM) (kg) was positively correlated with RMR, with direct effects of 0.87 (p < 0.001) and 0.027 (p = 0.74) respectively. The effect of FFM on 24-h EI was mediated by RMR (96% of the effect), while the effect of FM on 24-h EI was also mediated by RMR (67% of the effect).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study provides the first evidence regarding the role of RMR as a main tonic signal of appetite control mediating the effect of body composition and mainly FFM (over FM) on daily EI in adolescents with obesity. It also suggests for the first-time relationships between 24-h CHO and protein oxidation and daily EI in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Irisin reverses high-fat diet-induced metabolic dysfunction via activation of brown adipose tissue in mice.","authors":"Jingyue Dai, Yufei Zhao, Yue Chen, Yang Jiang, Rui Sun, Xingzhe Tang, Ying Cui, Hui Mao, Xin-Gui Peng","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01739-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01739-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High-fat diet (HFD) induces negative effects on the activity of interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) and systemic energy metabolism. Irisin, a small hormonal agent known to modulate metabolism has been used for intervening HFD-induced obesity. However, its mechanism of action on iBAT function remains to be fully elucidated. This study sought to investigate whether irisin intervention could restore the thermogenic function of iBAT in mice with HFD-induced obesity, thereby regulating systemic metabolism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) were used to monitor changes of thermogenic capacity of iBAT and systemic metabolism in mice with HFD-induced obesity and iBAT deficiency during 2-week or 4-week irisin intervention. Pathological and molecular biology analyses were performed on tissue and blood samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prolonged HFD feeding in mice induced obesity and impaired the thermogenic capacity of iBAT. MRI results showed that irisin intervention for 4-week reduced lipid content in iBAT, increased uncoupling protein 1 (UCP 1) expression and enhanced glucose analogue uptake capacity. These improvements of functions in iBAT activity were accompanied by an improvement in systemic metabolism. The positive effects of irisin appears to be dependent on the length of intervention time. When iBAT was removed, the beneficial effects of irisin were partially suppressed, suggesting that irisin regulates metabolism through the restoration of the thermogenic function of iBAT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HFD results in reduced thermogenic capacity of iBAT, while irisin intervention can effectively restore iBAT function, leading to improvement in overall glucose and lipid metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early childhood adiposity, lifestyle and gut microbiome are linked to steatotic liver disease development in adolescents.","authors":"Chenxi Cai, Zhengxiao Zhang, Gigliola Alberti, Ana Pereira, Florencia De Barbieri, Cristián García, Eytan Wine, Juan Cristóbal Gana","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01737-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01737-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>To examine the relationship between early childhood adiposity, adolescent lifestyles, gut microbiota and steatotic liver disease (SLD) development in adolescents using data from a prospective, longitudinal cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 69 adolescents (14-17 years old) with SLD and 69 adolescents without SLD, matched for BMI-z scores, sex, and age, from the 13-year longitudinal cohort the \"Growth and Obesity Cohort Study\". Anthropometric data between the ages of 4 and 17 and lifestyle parameters (including diet and physical activity) at 14-17 years old were evaluated. Fecal samples were collected and microbiome composition and function were assessed using 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Principal component analysis demonstrated dietary intake factors and childhood adiposity factors expanding the distribution variation between case and control groups, respectively. Lower odds of developing SLD during adolescence was associated with higher levels of daily fiber intake during adolescence (adjusted odds ratio = 0.91) and lower childhood adiposity (triceps skinfold at 5 years of age, suprailiac skinfold at 8 and 11 years of age, and waist-to-hip ratio at age 5-9 years). SLD was associated with a lower abundance of specific microbial species, such as Bacteroides vulgatus, which was higher in the control group compared to the case group (control/case abundance ratio = 18.71). B. vulgatus abundance also positively correlated with dietary fiber intake and inversely correlated with childhood adiposity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adiposity in early childhood and a low dietary fiber intake may contribute to the pathogenesis of SLD during adolescence, possibly through alterations to the intestinal microbiome; these findings could inform early disease markers and targets for intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term results of a digital treatment tool as an add-on to pediatric obesity lifestyle treatment: a 3-year pragmatic clinical trial.","authors":"Emilia Hagman, Louise Lindberg, Resthie R Putri, Andreas Drangel, Claude Marcus, Pernilla Danielsson","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01738-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01738-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The integration of mobile health technology with physical visits shows promising one-year treatment outcomes, but long-term evidence is lacking.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess three-year treatment outcomes for patients utilizing the digital treatment tool Evira in combination with physical visits, compared with standard obesity care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a pragmatic trial, children with obesity aged 4.0-17.9 years receiving digi-physical treatment with Evira (n = 107) were compared with a group receiving standard treatment (n = 321). Evira comprises a digitless body scale for home-weighing, a mobile application, and a web-based clinic interface, enabling easy family-clinic communication and continuous visual treatment feedback.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the three-year follow-up, the adjusted average change in body mass index Z-score was -0.29 [95% confidence interval: -0.40, -0.18] units in the digi-physical treatment group vs. -0.12 [-0.21, -0.03] in the standard treatment group, p = 0.02, and 31.8% vs. 18.7% obtained obesity remission respectively, p = 0.0046.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Over a three-year period, the digi-physical treatment generated superior treatment effect and higher obesity remission rate than standard treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composite variable bias: causal analysis of weight outcomes.","authors":"Ridda Ali, Andrew Prestwich, Jiaqi Ge, Claire Griffiths, Richard Allmendinger, Azar Shahgholian, Yu-Wang Chen, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Mark S Gilthorpe","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01732-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01732-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Researchers often use composite variables (e.g., BMI and change scores). By combining multiple variables (e.g., height and weight or follow-up weight and baseline weight) into a single variable it becomes challenging to untangle the causal roles of each component variable. Composite variable bias-an issue previously identified for exposure variables that may yield misleading causal inferences-is illustrated as a similar concern for composite outcomes. We explain how this occurs for composite weight outcomes: BMI, 'weight change', their combination 'BMI change', and variations involving relative change.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the National Child Development Study (NCDS) cohort surveys (n = 9223) were analysed to estimate the causal effect of ethnicity, sex, economic status, malaise score, and baseline height/weight at age 23 on weight-related outcomes at age 33. The analyses were informed by a directed acyclic graph (DAG) to demonstrate the extent of composite variable bias for various weight outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Estimated causal effects differed across different weight outcomes. The analyses of follow-up BMI, 'weight change', 'BMI change', or relative change in body size yielded results that could lead to potentially different inferences for an intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first study to illustrate that causal estimates on composite weight outcomes vary and can lead to potentially misleading inferences. It is recommended that only follow-up weight be analysed while conditioning on baseline weight for meaningful estimates. How conditioning on baseline weight is implemented depends on whether baseline weight precedes or follows the exposure of interest. For the former, conditioning on baseline weight may be achieved by inclusion in the regression model or via a propensity score. For the latter, alternative strategies are necessary to model the joint effects of the exposure and baseline weight-the choice of strategy can be informed by a DAG.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of pancreatic lipase inhibition in obesity treatment: mechanisms and challenges towards current insights and future directions","authors":"Vetriselvan Subramaniyan,&nbsp;Yusoff Umul Hanim","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01729-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-025-01729-1","url":null,"abstract":"The worldwide health emergency of obesity is closely connected to how dietary fats are metabolized, whereas the process is significantly influenced by pancreatic lipase (PL), an enzyme critical for lipid hydrolysis into fatty acids. This narrative review employs a methodological approach utilizing literature searches of PubMed data up to March 2024. The search term criteria encompasses keywords related to the role, mechanism, challenges, and current and future treatments of pancreatic lipase in obesity with an overall references is 106. This paper offers a comprehensive explanation of the role of PL, underlining its significance in the digestive process and lipid imbalances that contribute to obesity and by extension, its impact on obesity development and progression. Additionally, it delves into the dual functionality of the pancreas, emphasizing its impact on metabolism and energy utilization which, when dysregulated, promotes obesity. A focal point of this review is the investigation into the efficacy, challenges, and adverse effects of current pancreatic lipase inhibitors, with orlistat being highlighted as a primary current drug delivery. By discussing advanced obesity treatments, including the exploration of novel anti-obesity medications that target specific biological pathways, this review underscores the complexity of obesity treatment and the necessity for a multifaceted approach. In conclusion, this paper emphasizing the importance of understanding the role of enzymes like pancreatic lipase mechanistic and adopting a multidisciplinary approach to treatment and side effects of current obesity drugs and explore new emerging therapeutic strategies for more effective obesity management.","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":"49 3","pages":"492-506"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41366-025-01729-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Science behind policy: implementing a modern circumference-based body fat equation with a physical fitness threshold is associated with lower musculoskeletal injury risk.","authors":"Holly L McClung, P Matthew Bartlett, Barry A Spiering, Stephen A Foulis, Tyler E Oliver, Leila A Walker, Vy T Nguyen, Susan P Proctor, James P McClung, Kathryn M Taylor","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01701-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-024-01701-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Body composition influences physical fitness (PF) and risk of musculoskeletal injury (MSKI). Assessing the relationship between body fat (BF), PF and MSKI risk in a large diverse military population may provide evidence basis informing health-care policies, practices, and programs for military and civilian populations.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Evaluate the validity of expedient methods to estimate BF (e.g., circumference-based equation (CBE) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)) and investigate relationships between BF and PF with MSKI risk in a large diverse population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 1904 active-duty Soldiers (643 F) representing Army demographics sex, race/ethnicity (R/E), and age. PF, defined as the most recent Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT) score and incidence of MSKI, were obtained from Army records. BF was determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (%BF_DXA), bioelectrical impedance analysis (%BF_BIA), and CBE using 3-site (Hodgdon, %BF_HE) and 1-site (Taylor-McClung, %BF_TM) equations. Results were stratified by race and sex, to evaluate differences in accuracy of estimated %BF (weighted root mean squared error from %BF_DXA). Associations of BF and PF with MSKI risk were evaluated with logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CBE and BIA underestimated %BF compared to %BF_DXA. %BF_BIA differed from %BF_DXA overall and by sex. %BF_TM underestimation was uniform across both sex and R/E compared to %BF_DXA. Mean differences from %BF_DXA by sex (M;F) were lower when measured by %BF_TM (4.38; 4.59) compared to %BF_HE (5.88; 4.39). Individuals had a greater likelihood of MSKI if they failed BF standards (odds ratio 1.32). Scoring ≥ 540 total on ACFT exhibited a 31% (95% CI: 0.52, 0.92) lower MSKI risk during the following 12 months than those with a lower score.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A single-site BF equation (%BF_TM) maintained similar accuracy across the Soldier population by sex, age, and R/E. Implementing a PF score threshold in lieu of passing Army BF standards was associated with lower MSKI risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Waist circumference as a measure of obesity associated with postoperative atrial fibrillation?","authors":"Jianan Lin, Bilal Kirmani, Gregory Y H Lip","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01735-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01735-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bariatric surgery is associated with lower incidence of carpal tunnel syndrome.","authors":"Tal Frenkel Rutenberg, Lihi Godny, Ran Rutenberg, Assaf Kadar, Sigal Frishman, Sorin Daniel Iordache","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01733-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01733-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity is related with increased risk for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). The effect of bariatric surgery (BS) on the incidence of nerve entrapments is undetermined. We aimed to evaluate the incidence of CTS following BS in a large cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study of patients with obesity who underwent BS was conducted. The incidence of CTS in the 5-years pre- and post BS was compared. Patients who developed CTS following BS were compared to those who did not.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six-thousand, one-hundred and twenty-four patients met the inclusion criteria. The average age was 41.2 (SD 12.9) years, most were female (68.6%). The average pre-operative BMI was 42.9 (SD 5.4). Most patients underwent restrictive surgery. The incidence of CTS at the 5-years prior to the BS was significantly higher than the post BS incidence, 8.4% versus 5.1% respectively (p < 0.001) despite the aging of the cohort. Patients who developed CTS following the BS were older and had a higher prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus prior to the BS. They had a higher BMI and excess body weight at every time point measured and a lower BMI reduction. Weight regain was not associated with increased incidence of CTS. Finally, a direct correlation between excess weight loss to greater reduction in the incidence of CTS was noted.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BS was found to be associated with reduced incidence of developing CTS. There is a dose-response association where greater weight loss following BS is protective of developing CTS.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity management with next-generation drugs","authors":"M. Pasarica,&nbsp;N. V. Dhurandhar,&nbsp;D. J. Stensel","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01734-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-025-01734-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":"49 3","pages":"367-368"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41366-025-01734-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}