International Journal of Obesity最新文献

{"title":"Association of metabolically healthy obesity with risk of heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction among older adults","authors":"Peng Wang, Menghui Liu, Shaozhao Zhang, Yue Guo, Zhenyu Xiong, Yiquan Huang, Xiaojie Cai, Lixiang He, Zhuohui Chen, Yi Zhou, Xiaodong Zhuang, Xinxue Liao","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01587-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-024-01587-3","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity is major cause of heart failure (HF), but it is related with a better prognosis among the elderly. Therefore, we aimed to examine whether metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) in late life increases HF risk and is reflected in impaired left ventricular (LV) function. The participants were grouped into four metabolic phenotypes based on obesity and metabolic status: metabolically healthy non-obesity (MHN), MHO, metabolically unhealthy non-obesity (MUN), metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). Association of metabolic phenotypes with LV function was evaluated using multiple linear regression models. And association between metabolic phenotypes and risk of HF was assessed using multivariable logistic regression models. In addition, we validated the association of metabolic phenotypes and HF risk in a separate longitudinal cohort. In the primary cohort of 6335 participant, there were 434 participants diagnosed with HF. Compared to MHN participants, the risk of HF was higher among older individuals with MUN (OR = 1.51 [95% CI: 1.14–1.99]) and MUO (OR = 2.01 [95% CI: 1.39–2.91]), but not older individuals with MHO (OR = 0.86 [95% CI: 0.30–2.43). Regarding to LV function, worse LV diastolic function was noted among MUN and MUO individuals rather than MHO individuals. Older adults with MHO were also not associated with risk of HF in the validation cohort. Among older individuals, the metabolic health status might modify the association of obesity with risk of HF and LV diastolic dysfunction. Worse LV diastolic function and higher risk of HF were just noted in individuals with MUO, but not in those with MHO.","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives on obesity imaging: [¹⁸F]2FNQ1P a specific 5-HT₆ brain PET radiotracer.","authors":"Pierre Courault, Sandrine Bouvard, Caroline Bouillot, Radu Bolbos, Waël Zeinyeh, Thibaut Iecker, François Liger, Thierry Billard, Luc Zimmer, Fabien Chauveau, Sophie Lancelot","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01644-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-024-01644-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Estimates suggest that approximatively 25% of the world population will be overweight in 2025. Better understanding of the pathophysiology of obesity will help to develop future therapeutics. Serotonin subtype 6 receptors (5-HT₆) have been shown to be critically involved in appetite reduction and weight loss. However, it is not known if the pathological cascade triggered by obesity modifies the density of 5-HT₆ receptors in the brain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Influence of diet-induced obesity (DIO) in Wistar rats was explored using MRI (whole-body fat) and PET ([¹⁸F]2FNQ1P as a specific 5-HT₆ radiotracer). The primary goal was to monitor the 5-HT₆ receptor density before and after a 10-week diet (DIO group). The secondary goal was to compare 5-HT₆ receptor densities between DIO group, Wistar control diet group, Zucker rats (with genetic obesity) and Zucker lean strain rats.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Wistar rats fed with high-fat diet showed higher body fat gain than Wistar control diet rats on MRI. [¹⁸F]2FNQ1P PET analysis highlighted significant clusters of voxels (located in hippocampus, striatum, cingulate, temporal cortex and brainstem) with increased binding after high-fat diet (p < 0.05, FWE corrected).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study sheds a new light on the influence of high-fat diet on 5-HT₆ receptors. This study also positions [¹⁸F]2FNQ1P PET as an innovative tool to explore neuronal consequences of obesity or eating disorder pathophysiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Has the BMI had its day?","authors":"Manfred J Müller, Anja Bosy-Westphal","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01643-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-024-01643-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From starvation to time-restricted eating: a review of fasting physiology.","authors":"Candida J Rebello, Dachuan Zhang, Joseph C Anderson, Rebecca F Bowman, Pamela M Peeke, Frank L Greenway","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01641-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-024-01641-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have long known that subjects with obesity who fast for several weeks survive. Calculations that assume the brain can only use glucose indicated that all carbohydrate and protein sources would be consumed by the brain within several weeks yet subjects with obesity who fasted for several weeks survived. This anomaly led to the determination of the metabolic role of ketone bodies. Subsequent studies transformed our understanding of ketone bodies and illustrated the value of challenging the norm and adapting theory to evidence. Although prolonged fasting is no longer a treatment for obesity, the early studies of starvation provided valuable insights about macronutrient metabolism and ketone body adaptations that fasting elicits. Intermittent fasting and its variants such as time-restricted eating are fasting models that are far less regimented than starvation and severe calorie restriction; yet they produce metabolic benefits. The mechanisms that produce the metabolic changes that intermittent fasting elicits are relatively unknown. In this article, we review the physiology of starvation, starvation adaptation diets, diet-induced ketosis, and intermittent fasting. Understanding the premise and physiology that these regimens induce is necessary to draw parallels and provoke thoughts on the mechanisms underlying the metabolic benefits of intermittent fasting and its variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142377919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body mass index across development and adolescent hair cortisol: the role of persistence, variability, and timing of exposure.","authors":"Christina Y Cantave, Paula L Ruttle, Sylvana M Coté, Sonia J Lupien, Marie-Claude Geoffroy, Frank Vitaro, Mara Brendgen, Richard Tremblay, Michel Boivin, Isabelle Ouellet-Morin","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01640-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-024-01640-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research suggests a putative role of the glucocorticoid stress hormone cortisol in the accumulation of adiposity. However, obesity and weight fluctuations may also wear and tear physiological systems promoting adaptation, affecting cortisol secretion. This possibility remains scarcely investigated in longitudinal research. This study tests whether trajectories of body mass index (BMI) across the first 15 years of life are associated with hair cortisol concentration (HCC) measured two years later and whether variability in BMI and timing matter.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>BMI (kg/m²) was prospectively measured at twelve occasions between age 5 months and 15 years. Hair was sampled at age 17 in 565 participants. Sex, family socioeconomic status, and BMI measured concurrently to HCC were considered as control variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Latent class analyses identified three BMI trajectories: \"low-stable\" (59.2%, n = 946), \"moderate\" (32.6%, n = 507), and \"high-rising\" (8.2%, n = 128). BMI variability was computed by dividing the standard deviation of an individual's BMI measurements by the mean of these measurements. Findings revealed linear effects, such that higher HCC was noted for participants with moderate BMI trajectories in comparison to low-stable youth (β = 0.10, p = 0.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) = [0.02-0.40]); however, this association was not detected in the high-rising BMI youth (β = -0.02, p = 0.71, 95% CI = [-0.47-0.32]). Higher BMI variability across development predicted higher cortisol (β = 0.17, p = 0.003, 95% CI = [0.10-4.91]), additively to the contribution of BMI trajectories. BMI variability in childhood was responsible for that finding, possibly suggesting a timing effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study strengthens empirical support for BMI-HCC association and suggests that more attention should be devoted to BMI fluctuations in addition to persistent trajectories of BMI.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142375446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight loss as a predictor of reduced survival in patients with lung cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis.","authors":"Junfang Zhang, Xuan Tang, Wenbo Zhang, Ying Xu, Heng Zhang, Yu Fan","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01642-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-024-01642-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The impact of weight loss on survival outcomes remains challenging in patients with lung cancer. The objective of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to assess the association of weight loss with survival outcomes in these patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two authors conducted a comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases up to January 15, 2024. Observational studies that assessed the weight loss as a prognostic factor of overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with lung cancer were included this analysis. Weight loss defined by at least 5% loss of total body weight over 2 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen studies involving 14,540 patients with lung cancer were included. Pooled adjusted hazard ratios (HR) indicated that weight loss was associated with reduced overall survival (HR 1.65; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.43-1.91) and progression-free survival (HR 1.40; 95% CI 1.15-1.71). Subgroup analysis showed that weight loss significantly predicted overall survival, regardless of study design, lung cancer subtypes, clinical stage of cancer, weight loss definition, or length of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Weight loss is a significant predictor of overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with lung cancer. Weight monitoring has potential to improve prognostication of survival outcomes for these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142371816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between paternal excessive weight and neonatal anthropometry in a clinical trial of nutritional counseling for pregnant women with overweight.","authors":"Mariana Rinaldi Carvalho, Daniela Elias Goulart de Andrade Miranda, Naiara Franco Baroni, Izabela da Silva Santos, Natália Posses Carreira, Livia Castro Crivellenti, Daniela Saes Sartorelli","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01639-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-024-01639-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Human studies suggest that fathers with obesity influence infant growth and development. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between paternal body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with neonatal anthropometry and adiposity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is a cohort nested in a randomized controlled clinical trial of nutritional counseling for pregnant women with overweight. In total, 89 partner-pregnant woman-neonate triads were included. Paternal anthropometric measurements were taken at the time of the interview. Secondary data related to birth were obtained through access to the health information systems. Neonatal skinfold thickness was assessed and the adiposity was estimated using a predictive anthropometric model. Pearson's correlation and adjusted multivariate linear regression models were employed to evaluate the relationship between paternal BMI and WC with neonatal anthropometric measurements and adiposity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 57.0% of the fathers presented a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² and 14.6% a waist circumference ≥102 cm. The mean ± SD birth weight of the newborns (g) was 3357 ± 538. Paternal BMI and WC were inversely correlated with head circumference at birth [r = -0.31 (p = 0.004), r = -0.23 (p = 0.03), respectively]. Paternal BMI was also inversely correlated with the birth weight standardized by gestational age (z-score) [r = -0.23 (p = 0.03)]. In adjusted multivariate linear regression models, the paternal BMI (kg/m²) was inversely associated with the head circumference at birth (cm) [β = -0.07 (95% CI -0.15; -0.001) p = 0.04].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The data suggest that paternal excessive weight have a negative effect on fetal development, as assessed by anthropometric measurements. The inverse association between paternal BMI and the head circumference at birth was independent of confounders. Future studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to confirm or refute such hypotheses.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142346621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlations and consistency of body composition measurement indicators and BMI: a systematic review.","authors":"Ruohan Yang, Jinxia Yu, Chunyan Luo, Wenjuan Qi, Dongling Yang, Hui Xue, Xiaoyan Ni, Shuxin Yu, Wei Du, Fengyun Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01638-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-024-01638-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>It is critical to accurately determine the level of obesity and health status since overweight/obesity has become a main global public health problem. This systematic review attempted to evaluate the consistency and correlation between body composition measurement indicators and body mass index (BMI) in childhood and adolescence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, WANFANG DATA, SinoMed) were searched to collect the literature published since 1999 with the focus on the relationship between body composition measurement indicators and BMI to measure obesity in childhood and adolescence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 28 articles included, 13 articles reported a moderate to very strong correlation between %BF and BMI in obesity measurement (range: 0.49-0.907), while two articles reported a strong to very strong correlation between FM and BMI (range: 0.60-0.86). Six articles reported good to excellent obesity measurement consistency between %BF and BMI (range: 0.441-0.876), one article reported WC (0.58) and WHtR (0.46) in the moderate consistency with BMI, and one article reported a relatively poor to fair consistency between FM and BMI (range: 0.167-0.409). WC, WHtR, and BMI showed the moderate consistency in pre-adolescent children. In pre-adolescence and adolescence, the measurement consistency between %BF and BMI was higher than that between FM and BMI. Gender difference existed in the consistency between %BF and BMI during adolescence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A range of body composition indicators such as %BF, WC, WHtR, and FM could provide valuable body composition measurements, complement BMI for obesity assessment in children and adolescents, and facilitate efficient and comprehensive surveillance of childhood obesity.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>PROSPERO CRD42024506932.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of fetal growth rate and growth in first year of life with childhood overweight: a cohort study.","authors":"Magnus Leth-Møller, Ulla Kampmann, Susanne Hede, Per G Ovesen, Adam Hulman, Sine Knorr","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01637-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-024-01637-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is an increasing focus on the first 1000 days from conception to two years of age as a period of importance for future weight. We aimed to describe the interaction between fetal and infant growth and their association with and ability to predict childhood overweight.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used routinely collected fetal growth data from Aarhus University Hospital and child growth data from Aarhus Municipality, 2008-2018. The outcome was overweight at age 5-9 years. The fetal growth rates at weeks 28 and 34 were extracted from individual trajectories using mixed models. We identified patterns of infant BMI Z-score growth using latent class analysis and estimated odds ratios of overweight at age 5-9 years dependent on fetal and infant growth. Predictive capabilities were assessed by comparing areas under the ROC-curves (AUCROC) of the prediction models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 6206 children, we identified three infancy growth patterns: average, accelerated, and decelerated growth. We found 1.09 (95% CI: 1.06-1.12) greater odds of being overweight for every 10 g/week increase in fetal growth rate at week 34. Compared with average growth, accelerated infant growth was associated with 1.52 (95% CI: 1.20-1.90) greater odds of overweight. Combining fetal and infant growth, children with average fetal growth and accelerated infant growth had 1.96 (95% CI: 1.41-2.73) greater odds of overweight. Fast fetal growth with decelerated infant growth was not associated with being overweight (OR: 0.79 (95% CI: 0.63-0.98)), showing that infant growth modified the association between fetal growth and overweight. When fetal growth was added to a prediction model containing known risk factors, the AUCROC remained unchanged but infant growth improved the predictive capability (AUCROC difference: 0.04 (95% CI: 0.03-0.06)).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fetal and infant growth were independently associated with overweight, but distinct combinations of fetal and infant growth showed marked differences in risk. Infant, but not fetal, growth improved a prediction model containing known confounders.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Mediterranean diet during pregnancy on the onset of overweight or obesity in the offspring: a randomized trial","authors":"Serena Coppola, Lorella Paparo, Giorgio Bedogni, Rita Nocerino, Davide Costabile, Mariella Cuomo, Lorenzo Chiariotti, Laura Carucci, Annalisa Agangi, Marcello Napolitano, Francesco Messina, Annalisa Passariello, Roberto Berni Canani","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01626-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-024-01626-z","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background/Objectives</h3><p>The PREMEDI study was designed to assess the efficacy of nutritional counseling aimed at promoting Mediterranean Diet (MD) during pregnancy on the incidence of overweight or obesity at 24 months in the offspring.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>PREMEDI was a parallel-arm randomized-controlled trial. 104 women in their first trimester of pregnancy were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to standard obstetrical and gynecological care alone (CT) or with nutritional counseling promoting MD. Women enrolled in the MD arm were provided with 3 sessions of nutritional counseling (one session per trimester). The main outcome was the proportion of overweight or obesity among the offspring at the age of 24 months. Maternal MD-adherence and weight gain during pregnancy were also evaluated. Lastly, the evaluation of epigenetic modulation of metabolic pathways in the offspring was analyzed in cord blood.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Five women in the MD arm and 2 in the CT arm were lost to follow-up, so a total of 97 completed the study. At 24 months, children of MD mothers were less likely to have overweight or obesity than those of the CT mothers (6% vs. 33%, absolute risk difference = −27%, 95% CI −41% to −12%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; number needed to treat 3, 95% CI 2 to 8, intention to treat analysis). A significantly higher increase of MD-adherence during the trial was observed in the MD arm compared to the CT arm. A similar body weight gain at the end of pregnancy was observed in the two arms. The mean (SD) methylation rate of the leptin gene in cord blood was 30.4 (1.02) % and 16.9 (2.99) % in the CT and MD mothers, respectively (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>MD during pregnancy could be an effective strategy for preventing pediatric overweight or obesity at 24 months. This effect involves, at least in part, an epigenetic modification of leptin expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}