International Journal of Obesity最新文献

{"title":"Assessing online chat-based artificial intelligence models for weight loss recommendation appropriateness and bias in the presence of guideline incongruence.","authors":"Eugene Annor, Joseph Atarere, Nneoma Ubah, Oladoyin Jolaoye, Bryce Kunkle, Olachi Egbo, Daniel K Martin","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01717-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01717-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Managing obesity requires a comprehensive approach that involves therapeutic lifestyle changes, medications, or metabolic surgery. Many patients seek health information from online sources and artificial intelligence models like ChatGPT, Google Gemini, and Microsoft Copilot before consulting health professionals. This study aims to evaluate the appropriateness of the responses of Google Gemini and Microsoft Copilot to questions on pharmacologic and surgical management of obesity and assess for bias in their responses to either the ADA or AACE guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten questions were compiled into a set and posed separately to the free editions of Google Gemini and Microsoft Copilot. Recommendations for the questions were extracted from the ADA and the AACE websites, and the responses were graded by reviewers for appropriateness, completeness, and bias to any of the guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All responses from Microsoft Copilot and 8/10 (80%) responses from Google Gemini were appropriate. There were no inappropriate responses. Google Gemini refused to respond to two questions and insisted on consulting a physician. Microsoft Copilot (10/10; 100%) provided a higher proportion of complete responses than Google Gemini (5/10; 50%). Of the eight responses from Google Gemini, none were biased towards any of the guidelines, while two of the responses from Microsoft Copilot were biased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights the role of Microsoft Copilot and Google Gemini in weight loss management. The differences in their responses may be attributed to the variation in the quality and scope of their training data and design.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of long-term weight management pharmacotherapy with multiple health outcomes: an umbrella review and evidence map.","authors":"Ting-Ting Lu, Bin Liu, Long Ge, Ya-Li Liu, Yu Lu","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01719-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01719-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple meta-analyses (MAs) have demonstrated that six pharmacotherapies, including orlistat, liraglutide, phentermine/topiramate, naltrexone/bupropion, semaglutide, and tirzepatide, improve weight loss and weight maintenance. However, few studies have synthesized and evaluated the quality of this evidence.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify the relevant MAs of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that explored the association between the six pharmacotherapies and obesity-related health outcomes and adverse events (AEs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from database inception up to January 2024. We calculated the effect size as the mean difference and risk ratio using the random-effects model. The quality of MAs was evaluated using \"A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen MAs comprising 235 RCTs that described 115 unique associations between the six pharmacotherapies and various health outcomes were included. Overall, 101 statistically significant associations (88%) had beneficial outcomes on body weight, weight loss, waist circumference, body mass index, total cholesterol, triglycerides, both low-density and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure, and glycemic profile. The pharmacotherapies were associated with significant weight loss and partial improvements in the lipid profile, blood pressure, and glycemic control among individuals with overweight or obesity. Notable AEs were associated with liraglutide, naltrexone/bupropion, semaglutide, and orlistat. The methodological quality of the included MAs requires improvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This umbrella review identified significant beneficial associations between pharmacotherapies and anthropometric measures, lipid profile, blood pressure, glycemic profile, and quality-of-life outcomes in individuals with overweight or obesity. In addition, the umbrella review highlighted safety considerations. The findings affirm the efficacy of the six pharmacotherapies in promoting weight loss in this demographic. Further clinical trials with long-term follow-up are essential to evaluate the effects of these pharmacotherapies on clinical outcomes, including cancer, cardiovascular events, and mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cachectic biomarkers as confounders behind the obesity paradox in patients with acute decompensated heart failure.","authors":"Yusuke Miura, Satoshi Higuchi, Takashi Kohno, Yasuyuki Shiraishi, Mitsunobu Kitamura, Yuji Nagatomo, Yumiko Kawakubo Ichihara, Atsushi Mizuno, Shintaro Nakano, Kyoko Soejima, Ayumi Goda, Shun Kohsaka, Tsutomu Yoshikawa","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01716-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-025-01716-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity is a risk factor for heart failure (HF) development but is associated with a lower incidence of mortality in HF patients. This obesity paradox may be confounded by unrecognized comorbidities, including cachexia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective assessment was conducted using data from a prospectively recruiting multicenter registry, which included consecutive acute heart failure patients. A low, normal, and high body mass index (BMI) was defined as <20 kg/m², 20-25 kg/m², and ≥25 kg/m², respectively. Cachexia was defined as a combination of BMI < 20 kg/m² and any biochemical abnormalities including albumin, hemoglobin, or C-reactive protein. Patients with either of the three biochemical abnormalities were categorized as those with cachectic biomarkers. Two-year all-cause, cardiac, and noncardiac mortality were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study evaluated 3314 patients (mean BMI, 22 ± 4 kg/m² [low BMI with cachexia, 828 (25%); low BMI without cachexia, 273 (8%); normal BMI, 1584 (48%); high BMI, 629 (19%)]). Overall, an increase of 1 point in BMI was associated with a decreased incidence of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.90-0.94; p < 0.001). Regardless of the mode of death, the low BMI with cachexia indicated the worst prognosis, while the low BMI without cachexia showed a similar prognosis to the normal BMI. Cachectic biomarkers, which were observed more frequently in the low BMI, predicted a higher incidence of 2-year all-cause mortality across the BMI categories (adjusted HR for the low BMI, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.30-2.77; p = 0.001; adjusted HR for the normal BMI, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.34-2.79; p < 0.001; adjusted HR for the high BMI, 3.60; 95% CI, 1.61-8.08; p = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BMI could be only a surrogate marker. The cachectic biomarkers may reflect the underlying conditions and contribute to elucidating the obesity paradox.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143038846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of novel metabolic status with asymptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Liying Guo, Yongli Pan, Yumeng Yang, Xianglong Kong, Shiqing Song, Maoyu Li, Yuanyuan Zhao, Xiaotong Ma, Xiang Wang, Qinjian Sun","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01723-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01723-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the association of metabolic status newly defined or obesity with asymptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis (aICAS) among populations in rural China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cross-sectional study is based on the Rose asymptomatic IntraCranial Artery Stenosis (RICAS) cohort, which enrolled 2005 participants aged 40 years or older without a history of clinical stroke or transient ischemic attack. Metabolically healthy status (MH) was defined by a newly proposed criterion: (1) systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 130 mmHg and without antihypertensive medication; (2) a waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) below 1.03 for men and below 0.95 for women; (3) no diabetes. All participants were categorized based on their metabolic status and obesity. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between metabolic status or obesity and aICAS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 2005 participants, 1597 (79.65%) were defined as metabolically unhealthy status (MU) according to the new criterion. MU was significantly associated with aICAS (OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.11-3.68, P = 0.021), especially moderate-to-severe aICAS (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.04-5.72, P = 0.042). The prevalence of aICAS increased with the numbers of metabolic disorders (P for linear trend <0.001). Both metabolically unhealthy normal-weight (MUN) (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.10-4.03, P = 0.025) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) (OR 3.30, 95% CI 1.64-6.64, P = 0.001) were significantly correlated with aICAS, but not metabolically healthy obesity (MHO). Subgroup analysis further confirmed the association between MU and aICAS risk only in men (P for interaction = 0.042).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MU defined by the new criterion was significantly associated with aICAS, especially with moderate-to-severe aICAS. This novel criterion effectively identifies individuals with a high prevalence of aICAS among populations with obesity, which could be crucial for stroke prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143038833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curcumin enhances the anti-obesogenic activity of orlistat through SKN-1/NRF2-dependent regulation of nutrient metabolism in Caenorhabditis elegans.","authors":"Martina S Savova, Monika N Todorova, Biser K Binev, Milen I Georgiev, Liliya V Mihaylova","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01724-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01724-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic dysregulation, a defining feature of obesity, disrupts essential signalling pathways involved in nutrient sensing and mitochondria homeostasis. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF-2) serves as a pivotal regulator of the cellular stress response, and recent studies have implicated it in the pathogenesis of obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric, has been identified as a potent activator of NRF-2. Evidence suggests curcumin impacts obesity and metabolic disorders by modulating gut microbiota composition, increasing energy expenditure, and regulating lipid metabolism. Orlistat, an anti-obesity drug, inhibits fat absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, but its side effects limits its broader use.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study aims to investigate the potential synergetic effect of a hybrid combination between orlistat and curcumin. Additionally, we provide a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms through which this combination mitigates glucose-induced lipid accumulation in Caenorhabditis elegans, with a focus on the role of the skinhead 1 (SKN-1) transcription factor, an orthologue of NRF2.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed the lipid accumulation and the changes in skn-1 transcriptional activity in C. elegans using confocal GFP-based detection, alongside mRNA expression analysis of genes from lipid metabolism and oxidative stress response in wild-type, QV225 and LD1 strains. Furthermore, we evaluated locomotion, chemotaxis and mitochondrial dynamics to enhance our understanding of the proposed molecular-based model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings reveal that the orlistat/curcumin combination exerts an anti-obesogenic effect through SKN-1/NRF2-dependent regulation of conserved genes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in C. elegans. Moreover, the combination stimulates mitochondrial potential, further contributing to the observed synergistic effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The hybrid combination of orlistat and curcumin demonstrates significant anti-obesity activity by regulating nutrient-sensing pathways through SKN-1/NRF-2 modulation. This approach may allow for the reduction of orlistat dosage, thereby minimizing its adverse effects while maintaining its therapeutic efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143038848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diurnal timing of physical activity in relation to obesity and diabetes in the German National Cohort (NAKO).","authors":"Michael J Stein, Andrea Weber, Fabian Bamberg, Hansjörg Baurecht, Klaus Berger, Patricia Bohmann, Hermann Brenner, Julian Brummer, Marcus Dörr, Beate Fischer, Sylvia Gastell, Karin Halina Greiser, Volker Harth, Antje Hebestreit, Jana-Kristin Heise, Florian Herbolsheimer, Till Ittermann, André Karch, Thomas Keil, Alexander Kluttig, Lilian Krist, Karin B Michels, Rafael Mikolajczyk, Matthias Nauck, Katharina Nimptsch, Nadia Obi, Tobias Pischon, Olga Pivovarova-Ramich, Tamara Schikowski, Börge Schmidt, Matthias B Schulze, Karen Steindorf, Stephanie Zylla, Michael F Leitzmann","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01721-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01721-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical activity supports weight regulation and metabolic health, but its timing in relation to obesity and diabetes remains unclear. We aimed to assess the diurnal timing of physical activity and its association with obesity and diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We cross-sectionally analyzed hip-worn accelerometry data from 61,116 participants aged 20-75 in the German National Cohort between 2015 and 2019. We divided physical activity into sex- and age-standardized quartiles of total morning (06:00-11:59), afternoon (12:00-17:59), evening (18:00-23:59), and nighttime (00:00-06:00) physical activity. Using multivariable logistic regression, we estimated associations of physical activity timing with obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m²) and diabetes (self-reported or HbA1c ≥ 6.5%). We accounted for sex, age, study region, education, employment, risky alcohol use, smoking, night shift work, and sleep duration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High afternoon (top vs. bottom quartile, OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.33-0.38) and evening physical activity (OR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.42-0.48) showed lower obesity odds than high morning activity (OR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.66-0.76), whereas nighttime activity increased obesity odds (OR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.48-1.68). Associations were similar for diabetes, with the lowest odds for afternoon (OR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.42-0.53), followed by evening (OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.50-0.62) and morning activity (OR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.71-0.89), and higher odds for nighttime activity (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.29-1.58). Findings were not modified by employment status, night shift work, and sleep duration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our cross-sectional findings require longitudinal corroboration but suggest afternoon and evening activity provide greater metabolic health benefits than morning activity, while nighttime activity is discouraged.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143038851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are associations of adulthood overweight and obesity with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, and obesity-related cancer modified by comparative body weight at age 10 years in the UK Biobank study?","authors":"William Johnson, Tom Norris, Natalie Pearson, Emily S Petherick, James A King, Scott A Willis, Rebecca Hardy, Susan Paudel, Emma Haycraft, Jennifer L Baker, Mark Hamer, David J Stensel, Kate Tilling, Tom G Richardson","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01718-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01718-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Adults living with overweight or obesity do not represent a single homogenous group in terms of mortality and disease risks. The aim of our study was to evaluate how the associations of adulthood overweight and obesity with mortality and incident disease are modified by (i.e., differ according to) self-reported childhood body weight categories.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample comprised 191,181 men and 242,806 women aged 40-69 years (in 2006-2010) in the UK Biobank. The outcomes were all-cause mortality, incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), and incident obesity-related cancer. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate how the associations with the outcomes of adulthood weight status (normal weight, overweight, obesity) differed according to perceived body weight at age 10 years (about average, thinner, plumper). To triangulate results using an approach that better accounts for confounding, analyses were repeated using previously developed and validated polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for childhood body weight and adulthood BMI, categorised into three-tier variables using the same proportions as in the observational variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In both sexes, adulthood obesity was associated with higher hazards of all outcomes. However, the associations of obesity with all-cause mortality and incident CVD were stronger in adults who reported being thinner at 10 years. For example, obesity was associated with a 1.28 (1.21, 1.35) times higher hazard of all-cause mortality in men who reported being an average weight child, but among men who reported being a thinner child this estimate was 1.63 (1.53, 1.75). The ratio between these two estimates was 1.28 (1.17, 1.40). There was also some evidence that the associations of obesity with all-cause mortality and incident CVD were stronger in adults who reported being plumper at 10 years. In genetic analyses, however, there was no evidence that the association of obesity (according to the adult PRS) with mortality or incident CVD differed according to childhood body size (according to the child PRS). For incident obesity-related cancer, the evidence for effect modification was limited and inconsistent between the observational and genetic analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Greater risks for all-cause mortality and incident CVD in adults with obesity who perceive themselves to have been a thinner or plumper than average child may be due to confounding and/or recall bias.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143023098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GRK5 is required for adipocyte differentiation through ERK activation.","authors":"Mary E Seramur, Bailey McDonald, Matt Davis, Tony E Reeves, Leah C Solberg Woods, Chia-Chi Chuang Key","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01712-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-025-01712-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies have identified G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) kinase 5 (GRK5) as a genetic factor contributing to obesity pathogenesis, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We demonstrate here that Grk5 mRNA is more abundant in stromal vascular fractions of mouse white adipose tissue, the fraction that contains adipose progenitor cells, or committed preadipocytes, than in adipocyte fractions. Thus, we generated a GRK5 knockout (KO) 3T3-L1 preadipocyte to further investigate the mechanistic role of GRK5 in regulating adipocyte differentiation. During adipogenic stimulation, GRK5 KO preadipocytes had decreased lipid accumulation and delayed mature adipocyte development compared to wildtype cells coupled with suppressed adipogenic and lipogenic gene expression. Beside GPCR signaling, RNA sequencing and pathway analysis identified insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling to be one of the top 5 significantly dysregulated pathways in GRK5 KO cells. GRK5 KO cells also displayed decreased insulin-stimulated ERK phosphorylation, a downstream target of insulin-stimulated IGF-1 receptor activation, suggesting that GRK5 acts through this critical pathway to impact 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation. To find a more translational approach, we identified a new small molecule GRK5 inhibitor that was able to reduce 3T3-L1 adipogenesis. These data suggest that GRK5 is required for adipocyte differentiation through IGF-1 receptor/ERK activation and may be a promising translational target for obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"V̇O₂peak estimation in people with overweight and obesity before and after a 14-week lifestyle intervention.","authors":"Mikkel Thunestvedt Hansen, Karina Husted, Johanne Louise Modvig, Kristine Kjær Lange, Cecilie Moe Weinreich, Cathrine Tranberg, Tue Rømer, Arthur Ingersen, Flemming Dela, Jørn Wulff Helge","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01713-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01713-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the validity and applicability of a non-exercise estimation of cardiorespiratory fitness using resting seismocardiography (SCG eV̇O₂peak) in people with overweight and obesity before and after a 14-week lifestyle intervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was carried out at a Folk high school that offers 14-week courses on lifestyle changes where participants live at the school and voluntarily participate in daily lectures and activities. Sixty-seven men and women with age and body mass index between 18 and 70 years and 25-50 kg·m^-2 were tested at baseline, and 52 had a follow-up test after 14 weeks. Testing included the determination of anthropometric variables, an SCG eV̇O₂peak at supine rest, and a gold standard V̇O₂peak test on a cycle ergometer until voluntary exhaustion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Agreement analysis for V̇O₂peak at baseline (n = 67, SCG eV̇O₂peak: 26.9 ± 1.9 ml·min^-1·kg^-1, V̇O₂peak: 26.6 ± 1.6 ml·min^-1·kg^-1, mean ± 95% confidence interval) showed a bias of 0.3 ± 1.0 ml·min^-1·kg^-1 with 95% limits of agreement (LoA) ranging ± 9.8 ml·min^-1·kg^-1. A Pearson's correlation of r = 0.78 (p < 0.0001) and a standard error of estimate (SEE) of 5.0 ml·min^-1·kg^-1 were found between methods. At follow-up (n = 52), body mass was reduced by 6.6 ± 1.4 kg (p < 0.0001). V̇O₂peak increased by 3.3 ± 0.9 ml·min^-1·kg^-1 and 175 ± 78 ml·min^-1 and SCG eV̇O₂peak by 2.6 ± 0.8 ml·min^-1·kg^-1 and 93 ± 76 ml·min^-1 (two-way ANOVA repeated measure: intervention p < 0.0001, method p = 0.939 and interaction p = 0.125, relative V̇O₂peak). A Pearson's correlation of r = 0.37 (p < 0.05) was found between changes in relative V̇O₂peak but not for absolute V̇O₂peak r = 0.10 (p = 0.402).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The SCG method is accurate for estimating V̇O₂peak and appropriate for detecting group changes in both relative and absolute V̇O₂peak following a lifestyle intervention in people with overweight and obesity. Furthermore, the method can detect individual changes in V̇O₂peak but not independently of body mass changes. Yet, the applicability is still limited by the relatively large variation in LoA and SEE.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Timing based clustering of childhood BMI trajectories reveals differential maturational patterns; Study in the Northern Finland Birth Cohorts 1966 and 1986.","authors":"Anni Heiskala, J Derek Tucker, Priyanka Choudhary, Rozenn Nedelec, Justiina Ronkainen, Olli Sarala, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Mikko J Sillanpää, Sylvain Sebert","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01714-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01714-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Children's biological age does not always correspond to their chronological age. In the case of BMI trajectories, this can appear as phase variation, which can be seen as shift, stretch, or shrinking between trajectories. With maturation thought of as a process moving towards the final state - adult BMI, we assessed whether children can be divided into latent groups reflecting similar maturational age of BMI. The groups were characterised by early factors and time-related features of the trajectories.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>We used data from two general population birth cohort studies, Northern Finland Birth Cohorts 1966 and 1986 (NFBC1966 and NFBC1986). Height (n = 6329) and weight (n = 6568) measurements were interpolated in 34 shared time points using B-splines, and BMI values were calculated between 3 months to 16 years. Pairwise phase distances of 2999 females and 3163 males were used as a similarity measure in k-medoids clustering.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified three clusters of trajectories in females and males (Type 1: females, n = 1566, males, n = 1669; Type 2: females, n = 1028, males, n = 973; Type 3: females, n = 405, males, n = 521). Similar distinct timing patterns were identified in males and females. The clusters did not differ by sex, or early growth determinants studied.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Trajectory cluster Type 1 reflected to the shape of what is typically illustrated as the childhood BMI trajectory in literature. However, the other two have not been identified previously. Type 2 pattern was more common in the NFBC1966 suggesting a generational shift in BMI maturational patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}