Hydrometallurgy最新文献

{"title":"Reductive Bayer digestion of high‑titanium bauxite followed by sulfuric acid leach-roast-leach-hydrolyze process to recover H2TiO3 and TiO2","authors":"Yuguan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yilin Wang ,&nbsp;Tiangui Qi ,&nbsp;Qiusheng Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhihong Peng ,&nbsp;Guihua Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaobin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2026.106631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2026.106631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bauxite residue is the solid waste produced during alumina refining process. The economic utilization of the titanium minerals present in the waste can both significantly lower alumina production costs and considerably reduce the overall volume of bauxite residue. This paper presents an innovative method that combines: (i) reductive Bayer digestion with sulfuric acid roasting, (ii) stepwise enrichment and effective extraction of titanium dioxide from bauxite residue. Compared to the Bayer digestion with the addition of lime, reductive Bayer process significantly enriched the titanium dioxide content in bauxite residue from 13.9% to 20.1%. Subsequent acid leaching can enhance the concentration of titanium dioxide to 38.3%, while the control group, affected by the formation of calcium sulfate, reaches only 13.7%. Significant enrichment of rare earth elements was observed in the acid-leached product, with Sc₂O₃ concentration attaining 248 g/t as a representative. Titanium-rich material can be directly transformed into high-purity meta-titanic acid products using a sulfuric acid roasting-hydrolysis method, which achieves a purity level of 93.4% after the roasting process. This technology lays a significant foundation for the value-added utilization of high‑titanium bauxite and the substantial reduction of bauxite residue discharges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 106631"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of selective lithium extraction from α-spodumene by autoclaving with NaOH and NaAlO2 at 200–300 °C","authors":"Shuhao Dong ,&nbsp;Yakai Yang ,&nbsp;Hao Zhang ,&nbsp;Meiyan Yu ,&nbsp;Hui Guo ,&nbsp;Ge Kuang ,&nbsp;Haidong Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2025.106626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2025.106626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spodumene is an important lithium-bearing mineral which naturally exists as chemically inert α phase. Therefore, a calcination process at 1100 °C is traditionally employed for phase transformation to β phase, causing a large energy consumption. This work proposes an improved alkaline autoclave method using NaOH and NaAlO₂ aiming to extract lithium directly from α-spodumene. Interestingly, the addition of NaAlO₂ can significantly enhance the lithium extraction efficiency from 50.5 % (dissolution with NaOH only) to 94.7 %. Moreover, the investigation of dissolution behavior indicated that the added AlO₂⁻ can capture the dissolved Si, releasing more lithium into lixivium and achieving an efficient separation of Li from Si. The lithium-containing leachate was then directly evaporated to concentrate and prepare Li₂CO₃. Besides, the efficiency of lithium extraction still can remain at a relatively high level around 90 % with three cyclic dissolution steps by recycled alkaline liquor. This combined autoclave method shows potential as a promising way to extract lithium directly from α-spodumene without phase transformation at high temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 106626"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated acid leaching of spent battery cathode material (LCO, NMC111) and flotation tailings of pyrite and pyrrhotite","authors":"Anssi Karppinen,&nbsp;Henna Liljanko,&nbsp;Sipi Seisko,&nbsp;Mari Lundström","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2025.106618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2025.106618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithium-ion batteries require number of metals which have been listed as critical raw materials in European Union due to their supply risk and economic importance. Therefore, more emphasis needs to be put on (i) recycling of spent batteries, (ii) utilizing other secondary sources of battery metals and primary mining waste. In this research, leaching of battery metals from cathode materials—lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) and lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC111)—was investigated with the aim to use waste fraction of primary mining, namely sulfide-rich flotation tailings, as reductant. Two types of tailings were investigated in the current study: pyrrhotite-pyrite tailings and pyrite tailings. These tailings contain reductive power necessary for leaching, as well as battery metals incorporated in the sulfide matrix. The investigated parameters were temperature (40–80 °C) and mass ratio of cathode material and tailings (0.5–2 g/g) whereas S/L-ratio (100 g/L), acid concentration ([H₂SO₄] = 1 M), and leaching time (180 min) were kept constant. The results showed that both pyrrhotite-pyrite as well as pyrite dominated tailings can act as an effective reductant for the leaching of metals from cathode materials. The extraction efficiency of battery metals correlate with dissolved iron concentration. When only pyrite tailings were used in the process, the reductive effect of S₂²⁻ could also be recognized as lower concentration of dissolved Fe²⁺ was required when compared to use of pyrrhotite tailings. At 80 °C, LCO and NMC could be completely dissolved within 60min while simultaneous extraction of battery metals from sulfide flotation tailings was up to 17 % of Ni, 15 % of Co, and 27 % of Cu.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 106618"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145575458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studtite dissolution in the presence of organic complexants relevant to nuclear waste disposal","authors":"Zachary Murphy ,&nbsp;Rachel Cohen ,&nbsp;David Rai II ,&nbsp;Cassandra Munoz ,&nbsp;Caleb Johnson ,&nbsp;Edwin Davidson ,&nbsp;Swadeshmukul Santra ,&nbsp;Vasileios Anagnostopoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2025.106610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2025.106610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studtite (UO₂O₂∙4H₂O), a uranyl peroxide mineral, has been found in nuclear waste storage tanks alongside complexing agents such as EDTA, HEDTA, and NTA. The influence of these ligands on the fate and transport of uranium, a risk driving contaminant, is critical for understanding the consequences of nuclear waste leakages. This study investigated the stability of studtite in the presence of these ligands under varying pH conditions (3, 7, 9, and 11), ligand concentrations (0.15 mM, 1.5 mM, and 15 mM), and ionic strengths. Batch kinetic experiments were conducted with 1 mg of studtite in 50 mL suspensions (12.7 mg/L total U), and the uranium concentration in the aqueous phase was monitored over time. Results showed uranium release from studtite even in the absence of ligands at pH 3 and 11, while at pH 7 and 9 uranium was only released in the presence of ligands. The presence of EDTA and NTA increased aqueous uranium at pH 7 and 9 by forming soluble U-ligand complexes, as confirmed by NMR and speciation diagrams. HEDTA enhanced studtite dissolution at all tested pH values. Increased ionic strength reduced electrostatic repulsion between ligands and the mineral surface, further promoting dissolution. In simulated nuclear waste, uranium predominantly favored the aqueous phase regardless of ligand presence. These findings indicate that EDTA, HEDTA or NTA presence in waste can provide a pathway for studtite dissolution, increasing the amount of aqueous uranium in waste while also changing aqueous uranium speciation. This impacts the mobility of contaminated waste in the occurrence of waste leakage, complicating uranium fate and transport in the environment. These findings have implications for uranium fate and transport modeling and the development of nuclear waste treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 106610"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145559854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A clean and efficient technology for lithium, rubidium, and cesium recovery from lepidolite using alkaline pressure leaching and alkaline solvent extraction with LIX 54 and TRPO","authors":"Xiaozhou Zhou ,&nbsp;Tong Zhong ,&nbsp;Wenjuan Guan ,&nbsp;Mingyu Wang ,&nbsp;Shengxi Wu ,&nbsp;Xinsheng Wu ,&nbsp;Zuoying Cao ,&nbsp;Qinggang Li ,&nbsp;Guiqing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2025.106620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2025.106620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lepidolite is one of the important resources containing Li, Rb, and Cs. Currently, sulfate roasting is the predominant industrial method for processing lepidolite. However, this approach faces challenges including low comprehensive recovery, high energy consumption, and significant reagent usage. This study introduces a clean and efficient technology for recovering Li, Rb, and Cs from lepidolite, based on alkali and water cycles. The process encompasses collaborative leaching with a mixture of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂), selective impurity removal using Ca(OH)₂, and alkaline extraction for lithium recovery. Experimental results demonstrated that the leachate could be recycled 2 times to enrich Li, Rb, and Cs. The average leaching efficiencies after 2 cycles were: 92.7 % Li, 94.3 % Rb, 94.5 % Cs, and 94.6 % K, under the leaching conditions of 400 g/L NaOH, 0.6 of mass ratio of Ca(OH)₂/ore, &lt;106 μm particle size, 5 h reaction time and 250 °C. The XRD and SEM-EDS analyses revealed that the leach residue comprised the phases Ca_0.63Fe_2.37Fe₂(SiO₄)₃, NaCaHSiO₄, CaF₂, and Fe₃O₄. Furthermore, Ca(OH)₂ was employed for selective impurity removal from the solution, achieving a valuable metal loss of only 0.67 %. Subsequently, Li was efficiently recovered via synergistic solvent extraction using dodecyl phenyl methyl-β-diketone (LIX 54) and trialkylphosphine oxide (TRPO). The 85 % volume fractions of raffinate of Li could be returned to pressure leaching to reuse H₂O and NaOH. The process developed in this study features environmental friendliness, high comprehensive recovery, and low reagent consumption, providing a promising approach for the clean and efficient utilization of lepidolite.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 106620"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145823813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solvent extraction using crown ethers: Selective recovery of potassium from synthetic K-feldspar leachate","authors":"Sina Shakibania,&nbsp;Lena Sundqvist-Öqvist,&nbsp;Sepideh Javanshir,&nbsp;Jan Rosenkranz","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2025.106597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2025.106597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study focuses on the selective extraction of potassium from a hydrochloric acid-based feldspar leachate using solvent extraction with crown ethers, CE (dibenzo-18-crown-6 and 12-crown-4). The effects of hydrochloric acid concentration, extractant type, diluent, extractant concentration, and organic-to-aqueous phase ratio on potassium extraction efficiency have been examined. Dibenzo-18-crown-6 diluted in m-cresol was shown to preferentially extract potassium (≈85 %) from highly acidic hydrochloric acid solutions (2 to 6 M), with minimal co-extraction of impurities, such as aluminum and sodium, in a single extraction step. Aluminum, however, was shown to be extracted efficiently (≈99 %) at lower acidities (&lt;0.1 M). The extraction mechanisms were explored using various analyses, such as slope analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance, and scanning electron microscopy showing that dibenzo-18-crown-6 forms a highly stable complex with potassium at 1:1 M ratio, (KCl)(CE), driven by the size compatibility between potassium ions and the crown ether cavity. For aluminum, the extraction mechanism likely involves the formation of a cooperative complex where aluminum ions are associated with the potassium-crown ether complex (AlKCl₄)(CE). Increasing the concentration of hydrochloric acid increased potassium ion activity, chloride ion activity, and ionic strength in the solution. These changes would enhance selective potassium extraction over the formation and extraction of the aluminum‑potassium cooperative complex.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 106597"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145360219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing selective extraction and recovery of critical metals from spent NCM black mass through a leaching procedure followed by precipitation and liquid-liquid extraction processes","authors":"Nityanand Singh ,&nbsp;Kedhareswara Sairam Pasupuleti ,&nbsp;Hee-Nam Kang ,&nbsp;Tae-Hyuk Lee ,&nbsp;Jin-Young Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2025.106604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2025.106604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The management of spent Nickel-Cobalt-Manganese (NCM) type lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is critical to advancing sustainable development and aligning with circular economy principles. This study proposes an efficient hydrometallurgical process for the recovery of valuable metals from LiNi_xCo_yMn_zO₂ black mass powder. The leaching process was optimized under specific conditions, namely a 1 M H₂SO₄ concentration, 15 % (v/v) H₂O₂, and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 100 g/L at 75 °C, with a mixing time of 120 min. These parameters facilitated the leaching of more than 95 % of Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Mn(II), and Li(I). Subsequent metal recovery processes were conducted under carefully controlled conditions. Copper (Cu(II)) was extracted using 20 % (<em>v</em>/v) LIX 84-I at a pH of 2.7. Manganese (Mn(II)) was precipitated using KMnO₄ at a pH of 2.0. Cobalt (Co(II)) was extracted with Ionquest 290 at pH 4.5, followed by stripping with 10 % (v/v) H₂SO₄ and crystallization to produce CoSO₄.H₂O crystals. Nickel (Ni(II)) was recovered as nickel sulfide at pH 3, while lithium (Li(I)) was concentrated through evaporation and subsequently precipitated with sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) at pH 12, under conditions of 85 °C and 35 min of stirring. The findings contribute to the development of more sustainable processes for the recycling of spent LIBs, emphasizing the importance of optimizing extraction and precipitation techniques to maximize resource recovery and minimize environmental impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 106604"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145516917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase-controlled selective separation of titanium from titanium-bearing furnace slag via fluoride leaching: Critical role of [NH4+]/[F−] molar ratio","authors":"Jinlai Zhang,&nbsp;Yufeng Guo,&nbsp;Shuai Wang,&nbsp;Feng Chen,&nbsp;Yu Zheng,&nbsp;Lingzhi Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2025.106602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2025.106602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fluoride leaching is a promising and clean route for extracting titanium from Ti-bearing furnace slag (TBFS). This study systematically investigated the phase-controlled selective separation of Ti, with particular focus on the effect of the [NH₄⁺]/[F⁻] molar ratio on Ti dissolution and impurity behavior. The results reveal two main controlling factors. First, the acidity (H⁺ concentration) governs the overall dissolution efficiency of TBFS, and higher acidity promotes complete slag decomposition. Second, the [NH₄⁺]/[F⁻] molar ratio (0–0.5) controls the phase transformation of the products. Titanium selectively dissolves as stable TiF₆²⁻ complexes, while Ca, Al, and Mg precipitate as distinct fluoride phases (MgAlF₅·1.5H₂O, MgF₂, AlF₃, and CaMg₂Al₂F₁₂). The presence of NH₄⁺ promotes the formation of additional coordination compounds (NH₄MgAlF₆ and (NH₄)₃AlF₆), further enhancing phase separation of impurities. Reactivity analysis indicates that FeTi₂O₅ is the most readily leached phase within the M_xTi_3-xO₅ system. Under optimized [NH₄⁺]/[F⁻] conditions, the Ti-rich leachate can be directly converted to TiO₂ precursors ((NH₄)₃TiOF₅ and (NH₄)₂TiOF₄) through controlled ammonia hydrolysis. These findings provide mechanistic insights into selective Ti recovery from TBFS and demonstrate the potential of fluoride leaching for clean titanium resource utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 106602"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145382856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precipitation of the ultrafine equiaxial near-spherical gibbsite with low oil absorption value by adding mixed seeds","authors":"Jinquan Wen,&nbsp;Guihua Liu,&nbsp;Tiangui Qi,&nbsp;Qiusheng Zhou,&nbsp;Zhihong Peng,&nbsp;Xiaobin Li,&nbsp;Yilin Wang,&nbsp;Leiting Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2025.106586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2025.106586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrafine, near-spherical gibbsite with a low oil-absorption value hold significant potential for use in advanced flame-retardant fillers, polishing materials and dense alumina-bearing ceramics owing to its regular morphology, high dispersibility and good flowability. In this study, ultrafine equiaxial near-spherical gibbsite with a medium particle size (d₅₀) of 359 nm and an oil-absorption values of 25.0 mL/100 g was precipitated by seeded precipitation from sodium aluminate solution. The mixed seeds, comprising bayerite and gibbsite, were prepared by the addition of NaHCO₃, Al₂(SO₄)₃, and H₂O₂, respectively. A high bayerite content in the NaHCO₃-induced seeds, combined with significant supersaturation fluctuations, enabled a precipitation efficiency exceeding 51 % at an initial temperature of 80 °C for 35 h. Preferential growth of the (110), (100), and (001) planes occurred during the early stage, followed by the emergence of the (101) and (112) planes in the mid-to-late stage. High supersaturation from bayerite dissolution and adsorption of Al(OH)₄⁻ ions promoted the development of (001), (110), (100), (101), and (112) planes, resulting in the formation of equiaxial near-spherical gibbsite. Furthermore, the low surface energy and high zeta potential of the well-crystallized gibbsite precipitated from NaHCO₃-induced seeds contributed to its low oil absorption. These findings indicate that the presence of bayerite in seeds, elevated interfacial supersaturation, and high temperature collectively facilitate the formation of ultrafine, equiaxial, near-spherical gibbsite.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 106586"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145270436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sonication-enhanced aqueous dissolution of nickel from ultramafic rocks under ambient conditions","authors":"Puloma Chakrabarty ,&nbsp;Geanna Hovey ,&nbsp;Minju Cha ,&nbsp;Anya Dickinson-Cove ,&nbsp;Gaurav Sant ,&nbsp;Erika La Plante ,&nbsp;David Jassby","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2025.106601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2025.106601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To meet the growing demand for critical metals in low carbon technologies, efficient extraction of nickel (Ni) from ultramafic rocks is essential. We present a sonication-based aqueous hydrometallurgical method that enhances Ni extraction under sub-boiling temperatures (∼20–80 °C) and ambient pressure. Batch dissolution experiments were conducted at 30 °C using sulfuric (H₂SO₄) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) with concentrations, between 0.1 and 2 M, solid-to-liquid ratios between 1:500 to 1:5, and sonication frequencies from 0 to 80 kHz over 1–24 h. Dissolution rates of Mg (lizardite) and Ni (pentlandite) were dependent on the acid concentration and stoichiometry. H₂SO₄ required fewer moles than HCl for dissolution of an equivalent Ni concentration. Sonication significantly increased reaction kinetics, increasing Ni recovery from 15 to 20 % (without sonication) to 65–70 % under optimal conditions (s: l 1:10, 1 M H₂SO₄, 37–40 kHz, 8 h). This process demonstrates a low-energy, acid-efficient dissolution method reduces processing times and minimizes environmental impact. By integrating acoustic stimulation into conventional leaching methods, this method paves way for scalable CO₂-negative technologies for Ni extraction that lead to more sustainable hydrometallurgical processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13193,"journal":{"name":"Hydrometallurgy","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 106601"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145360218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}