Health physics最新文献_第7页

The Effects of Abnormal Exposure on Individual Dose Monitoring with TLD Dosimeters. 异常暴露对使用 TLD 剂量计进行个人剂量监测的影响。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001874

Yanling Yi, Michael G Stabin

{"title":"The Effects of Abnormal Exposure on Individual Dose Monitoring with TLD Dosimeters.","authors":"Yanling Yi, Michael G Stabin","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001874","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001874","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Objectives: To analyze the effects of normal x-ray inspection, machine washing, and machine drying on thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) measurements during external individual monitoring and to provide suggestions for determining individual monitoring measurements under the mentioned abnormal situations. In this study, we focused on three abnormal situations: x-ray inspection, machine washing, and machine drying, which are common in external individual dose monitoring. We measured and compared the doses from TLD with and without 11, 23, 35, and 50 security checks. We used different radiation sources to expose the TLDs before or after machine washing with or without hot drying. The three radiation sources are natural background radiation, 137 Cs γ rays, and 320 kVp x-rays. We measured 20 TLDs for each situation. The average doses for the TLDs with 11, 23, 35, 50 security checks are 27.7 μGy, 59.7 μGy, 84.1 μGy, and 121.0 μGy, respectively. We measured an average dose of 2.5 μGy per exposure. The doses showed no significant difference between different times of washing with different radiation sources, natural background radiation, 137 Cs, or x-ray exposures. There was also no significant difference between the dose coming from the controlled group, drying at 60 °C and 90 °C for 1 h after exposure to 137 Cs γ rays and 320 kVp x-rays. The common machine drying under the temperature of 90 °C did not affect TLD measured doses.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":"730-733"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142285891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Indoor Radon Concentrations in Severe Cold Area and Cold Area and Impact of Energy-saving Design on Indoor Radon in China. 中国严寒地区和寒冷地区室内氡浓度及节能设计对室内氡的影响。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001869

Yunyun Wu, Yanchao Song, Changsong Hou, Hongxing Cui, Bing Shang, Haoran Sun

引用次数: 0

Optimizing Regulatory Reviews for Clinical Protocols That Use Radiopharmaceuticals: Findings of the University of Pennsylvania Radiation Research Safety Committee. 优化使用放射性药物的临床方案的监管审查：宾夕法尼亚大学辐射研究安全委员会的研究成果。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001873

Sylvia S Rhodes, Janelle E Jesikiewicz, Nikhil Yegya-Raman, Kavya Prasad, Alexandra Dreyfuss, David A Mankoff, Neil K Taunk

{"title":"Optimizing Regulatory Reviews for Clinical Protocols That Use Radiopharmaceuticals: Findings of the University of Pennsylvania Radiation Research Safety Committee.","authors":"Sylvia S Rhodes, Janelle E Jesikiewicz, Nikhil Yegya-Raman, Kavya Prasad, Alexandra Dreyfuss, David A Mankoff, Neil K Taunk","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001873","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001873","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Institutional radiation safety committees review research studies with radiation exposure. However, ensuring that the potential patient benefit and knowledge gained merit the radiation risks involved often necessitates revisions that inadvertently delay protocol activations. This quality-improvement study analyzed protocols, identified factors associated with approval time by a radiation safety committee, and developed guidelines to expedite reviews without compromising quality. Clinical protocols submitted to the University of Pennsylvania's Radiation Research Safety Committee (RRSC) for review between 2017 and 2021 were studied. Protocol characteristics, review outcome, stipulations, and approval times were summarized. Statistical analysis (Spearman's rho) was used to investigate stipulations and approval time; rank-sum analysis (Kruskal-Wallis or Wilcoxon) was used to determine whether approval time differed by protocol characteristics. One hundred ten (110) protocols were analyzed. Approximately two-thirds of protocols used approved radiopharmaceuticals to aid investigational therapy trials. Twenty-three percent (23%) of protocols received RRSC approval, and 73% had approval withheld with stipulations, which included requests for edits or additional information. Submissions had a median of three stipulations. Median and mean RRSC approval times were 62 and 80.1 d, and 41% of protocols received RRSC approval after IRB approval. RRSC approval time was positively correlated with stipulations (Spearman's rho = 0. 632, p < 0.001). RRSC approval time was longer for studies using investigational new drugs (median 80 d) than approved radiopharmaceuticals (median 57 d, p = 0.05). The review process is lengthy and may benefit from changes, including publishing standardized radiation safety language and commonly required documents and encouraging timely response to stipulations.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":"702-711"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141893314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Uranium in Drinking Water and Bladder Cancer: A Case-control Study in Michigan. 饮用水中的铀与膀胱癌：密歇根州病例对照研究》。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001880

Perpetua Uduba, Lissa Soares, Tesleem Babalola, Melissa Slotnick, Aaron Linder, Jaymie R Meliker

{"title":"Uranium in Drinking Water and Bladder Cancer: A Case-control Study in Michigan.","authors":"Perpetua Uduba, Lissa Soares, Tesleem Babalola, Melissa Slotnick, Aaron Linder, Jaymie R Meliker","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001880","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001880","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Uranium is naturally occurring in groundwater used for drinking; however, health risks from naturally occurring concentrations are uncertain. Uranium can cause both radiological and chemical toxicity following ingestion. Bladder and kidneys receive a dose when uranium is excreted into the urine. Investigate the association between uranium in drinking water and bladder cancer risk in a case-control study. A population-based bladder cancer case-control study was conducted in 11 counties of southeastern Michigan. A total of 411 cases and 566 controls provided drinking water and toenail samples and answered questions about lifestyle and residential history. Uranium was measured in drinking water and toenails, and its association with bladder cancer was assessed via unconditional logistic regression models. Median uranium concentration in water was 0.12 μg L -1 , with a maximum of 4.99 μg L -1 , and median uranium concentration in toenails was 0.0031 μg g -1 . In adjusted regression models, there was a suggestion of a protective effect among those exposed to the upper quartile of uranium in drinking water (HR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.43, 0.96) and toenails (HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.45, 0.96) compared to those in the lowest quartile. Our objective is to investigate additional adjustment of drinking water source at home residence at time of recruitment to address potential selection bias and confounding attenuated results toward the null for drinking water uranium (HR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.44, 1.05) and toenail uranium (HR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.53, 1.20). This case-control study showed no increased risk of bladder cancer associated with uranium found in drinking water or toenails.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":"719-724"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141893315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Methods to Track Effective Doses from Airborne Radioactive Emissions for Compliance with 40 CFR 61, SUBPART H. 跟踪空气中放射性排放有效剂量的方法，以符合 40 CFR 61，H 分节的规定。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001872

Amber M Harshman, William L McCarter

{"title":"Methods to Track Effective Doses from Airborne Radioactive Emissions for Compliance with 40 CFR 61, SUBPART H.","authors":"Amber M Harshman, William L McCarter","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001872","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001872","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: US Department of Energy national laboratories can play an integral role in not only the advancement of science but also in the treatment of various medical conditions through research and development activities conducted at radioisotope production facilities. A project has been underway at Oak Ridge National Laboratory since 2016 whose mission is to produce and supply the radioisotope 227 Ac, which is used in a radiopharmaceutical developed to treat certain types of prostate cancer and bone metastases. Production activities result in the environmental release of airborne radioactive emissions, which are governed by Clean Air Act regulations described in 40 CFR Part 61, Subpart H. Stack 3039, the source that emits radioactive effluents from 227 Ac production, is subject to additional requirements outlined in American National Standards Institute (ANSI) N13.1-1969 due to its grandfathered status. Radioactive emissions are limited to levels below those that would cause annual compliance dose standards for members of the public to be exceeded and stack 3039 to lose its grandfathered status. To allow for maximum production of 227 Ac without exceeding relevant dose limits, monthly tracking of project emissions and resulting CAP88-PC modeled effective doses to a maximally exposed individual have been implemented. Four years of tracking data were compiled and analyzed to identify additional methods that could be used to estimate project doses more frequently, potentially further optimizing 227 Ac production while maintaining compliance with applicable regulations.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":"688-701"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Protective Eyewear on Physicians' Lens Exposure during Fluoroscopy. 防护眼镜对医生在荧光透视检查过程中镜片暴露的影响。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001875

Takahira Hitomi, Kudo Takashi, Ideguchi Reiko

{"title":"Effect of Protective Eyewear on Physicians' Lens Exposure during Fluoroscopy.","authors":"Takahira Hitomi, Kudo Takashi, Ideguchi Reiko","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001875","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001875","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The ICRP 2011 Seoul Statement recommended a reduction in the dose limit for lens exposure to 100 mSv for 5 y and 50 mSv for 1 y. Based on this recommendation, the dose limit for lens exposure was lowered in Japan with the revision of the Ionization Regulations, which took effect in April 2021. In the present study, lens doses were measured during fluoroscopic procedures performed in four departments (Urology, Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, and Orthopedics). Lens doses were measured without protective eyewear for 6 mo (pre-intervention) and then with protective eyewear for the next 6 mo (post-intervention). Monthly doses were collected and lens doses before and after the use of protective eyewear were calculated as the lens dose per unit time. The use of protective eyewear reduced the lens dose per unit time by approximately two thirds. In all departments, the lens dose was slightly lower after than before the intervention. A significant difference was observed in lens doses between the pre- and post-intervention periods in the Urology department. The present results demonstrated the effectiveness of protective eyewear in daily practice. Therefore, the use of protective eyewear is recommended during fluoroscopic procedures.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":"712-718"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141893313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical Best Practices for Radiation Safety During an Alpha DaRT Treatment. 阿尔法 DaRT 治疗期间辐射安全的临床最佳实践。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001928

Yadin Cohen, Jon Feldman, Vibha Chaswal, Sarah Heard, Evelyn Shin, Giacomo Feliciani, Jean-Yves Giraud, Eleonora Kuptzov

引用次数: 0

Investigating the Effects of Tube Current and Tube Voltage on Patient Dose in Computed Tomography Examinations with Principial Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis: Phantom Study. 利用主成分分析和聚类分析研究计算机断层扫描检查中管电流和管电压对患者剂量的影响：模型研究。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001830

Güneş Açıkgöz

{"title":"Investigating the Effects of Tube Current and Tube Voltage on Patient Dose in Computed Tomography Examinations with Principial Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis: Phantom Study.","authors":"Güneş Açıkgöz","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001830","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001830","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of tube current and tube voltage choices on patient dose in adult and pediatric CT protocols by qualitative analysis using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), cluster analysis, and statistical analysis.Dose length product (DLP), Effective mAs (Eff. mAs), and volume-weighted CT dose index (CTDIvol) dose descriptors were obtained from 16 adult and pediatric head phantom CT examinations. Different tube voltage and tube current values were selected in both pediatric head and adult head CT imaging protocols, and PCA and cluster analysis were applied to the data obtained for qualitative analysis of the relationship between CTDIvol, Eff. mAs and Total DLP values. The two principial components (PC) with the highest values among those obtained as a result of the PCA method were used. PC1 was 70.97%, and PC2 was 28.03%. In the cluster analysis, it was observed that the values obtained from pediatric and adult phantom CT scans were classified into two different clusters. The correlation coefficient for adult patients was r = 0.998, and for pediatric patients, the correlation coefficient was r = 0.947. When the obtained clusters were examined, the degree of closeness or distance of the variables could be observed. In the study, as a result of the analysis of CTDIvol, Eff. mAs and Total DLP data based on manufacturer data at different kV and mA values with PCA and cluster analysis, it was shown that pediatric patients could be exposed to more radiation than the adult patients.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":"513-519"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141087573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Novel General Education Courses on Radiation Protection for Undergraduates. 评估为本科生开设的辐射防护通识教育新课程。

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001836

Ting Liang, Chao Zhang, Feng Gao, Guihua Hou

{"title":"Evaluation of Novel General Education Courses on Radiation Protection for Undergraduates.","authors":"Ting Liang, Chao Zhang, Feng Gao, Guihua Hou","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001836","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001836","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a general education course titled \"The Basis of Radiation Protection\" in building and strengthening undergraduate awareness of radiation safety and cultivating innovative individuals with reasonable knowledge structures and strong practical abilities. Methods: All students from 2021 to 2022 enrolled in the core general education course \"The Basis of Radiation Protection\" at Shandong University of China were invited to participate. A questionnaire survey was conducted to determine changes in the students' basic cognition of radiation safety and scientific protection before and after the course. Results: The survey indicated that the cognitive level of radiation science protection had significantly improved through course completion. The Liszt quantification score range increased from 3.45 to 4.77 to 4.81 to 4.98 (p < 0.001). Further analysis revealed that different professional backgrounds significantly affected students' understanding of radiation safety protection; medical students were superior to electrical engineering students in their knowledge of ionizing radiation before the course (p < 0.001). However, after course completion, the understanding of students from both majors regarding radiation safety had relatively improved, and no significant difference was detected (p > 0.05). Feedback on the course showed that the awareness of \"daily radiation protection\" had significantly improved (96.8%), pseudoscience and pseudo-information could be correctively identified (93.6%), \"nuclear power\"-related fears had been dispelled (95.7%), and the concept of \"cherishing life\" had been effectively established (91.5%). Conclusion: The course effectively improved the awareness of radiation safety, strengthened the knowledge system, and provided a new way to cultivate innovative talent with reasonable knowledge structures.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":"543-548"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141175267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bisphosphonate Liposomes for Cobalt and Strontium Decorporation? 双膦酸脂质体如何用于钴和锶的脱钙治疗？

IF 1 4区医学

Health physics Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001812

Géraldine Landon, Guillaume Phan, François Fay, David Suhard, David Broggio, Raphaël Bô, Céline Bouvier-Capely, Elias Fattal

{"title":"Bisphosphonate Liposomes for Cobalt and Strontium Decorporation?","authors":"Géraldine Landon, Guillaume Phan, François Fay, David Suhard, David Broggio, Raphaël Bô, Céline Bouvier-Capely, Elias Fattal","doi":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001812","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HP.0000000000001812","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: During a nuclear/radiological incident or an accident involving internal intakes with radioactive cobalt or strontium, the recommended treatments, consisting of the administration of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid for 60 Co and calcium gluconate for 90 Sr, are of low specificity, and their effectiveness can be enhanced. In this manuscript, a liposomal formulation was developed to deliver potential chelating agents to the main retention organs of both radionuclides. A bisphosphonate, etidronate, has been selected as a possible candidate due to its satisfying decorporation activity for uranium, bone tropism, and potential affinity with cobalt. Pre-clinical studies have been carried out on rats using radionuclide contamination and treatment administration by the intravenous route. The effectiveness of free or liposomal etidronate was evaluated, with an administration at 30 min, 48 h post-contamination with 60 Co. Regarding 85 Sr, a more extended experiment with etidronate liposomes was performed over 6 d. The results were compared to those performed with reference treatments, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid for cobalt and calcium gluconate for strontium. Unexpected results were found for the reference treatments that were significantly less effective than previously reported or showed no effectiveness. Free etidronate revealed no significant efficacy after 48 h, but the liposomal form suggested an interaction with radionuclides, not sufficient to change the biokinetics. This study emphasizes the need for early treatment administration and further research to provide a more effective medical countermeasure.","PeriodicalId":12976,"journal":{"name":"Health physics","volume":" ","pages":"463-475"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141436776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0