Gerontology最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Living at Moderate Altitude in the USA: Epidemiology and Key Research Questions.","authors":"Elan Small, Deborah Thomas, Lake Crawford, Isabelle Chatroux, Harrison Steins, Moses Asori, Ben Honigman","doi":"10.1159/000546192","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Over the last 20 years, the USA has seen a significant population migration into moderate elevation locations (defined as elevations 1,800-2,500 m for the purposes of this review). While considerable research has investigated how chronic diseases are impacted on acute ascent to high altitude, little research has examined how residing at high altitude impacts longer term health including risk of various disease states and long-term morbidity, with even fewer studies examining moderate altitude specifically.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This review investigated how living at moderate elevation impacts seven different disease states/health issues pertinent to the aging individual. Overall, this review reveals a limited literature in this field, though with interesting findings that warrant the need for further studies. While limited studies have documented a potential protective effect of moderate altitude on ischemic heart disease and obesity prevalence, current evidence suggests worse outcomes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, possibly increased rates of pulmonary hypertension and low birth weight (which increases risk of chronic diseases later in life), negative impacts on sleep, and increased association with risk of mental health issues including suicide.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Residing at moderate altitude appears to be beneficial for some disease states but detrimental to others. Further research is needed to solidify these associations, particularly for aging populations, and more importantly to understand the mechanisms that might explain these associations. Understanding the role of mild hypoxia in health resulting from living at moderate altitudes guides improved care delivery and the design of public health interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Relationship between Primary Sarcopenia and Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction in Geriatric Patients: Insights from SARC-F, Serum DAO, Zonulin, LPS, and I-FABP Levels.","authors":"Seyda Bilgin, Veysel Suzan, Bahar Bektan Kanat, Gulru Ulugerger Avci, Suna Avci, Hakan Yavuzer, Ibrahim Murat Bolayırlı, Alper Doventas, Deniz Suna Erdincler","doi":"10.1159/000545939","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Objectives of this study were to assess the correlation between serum levels of DAO (diamine oxidase), LPS (lipopolysaccharide), I-FABP (intestinal fatty acid binding protein), and zonulin with primary sarcopenia in elderly patients and to compare the diagnostic performance of these biomarkers with the SARC-F score.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 88 patients aged 65 and above. Comorbidities and geriatric syndromes were assessed, and those with secondary sarcopenia were excluded. The EWGSOP2 criteria were applied for diagnosing sarcopenia, while the SARC-F questionnaire was utilized to identify individuals at risk of sarcopenia. Serum levels of DAO, zonulin, LPS, and I-FABP were measured using ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were observed between the two groups regarding age and gender. SARC-F, serum DAO, and zonulin concentrations were notably higher in the sarcopenia group than in the non-sarcopenia group (p < 0.001). Statistically significant parameters were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression. In stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis, both DAO and zonulin scores were found to be associated with sarcopenia (odds ratio [OR] 1.041, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.020-1.063, p < 0.001; OR 1.108, 95% CI: 1.018-1.206, p = 0.018, subsequently). ROC curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve for DAO, zonulin, and SARC-F was 0.807 (p < 0.001), 0.723 (p < 0.001), and 0.943 (p < 0.001), subsequently. The Spearman correlation test revealed a significant, low correlation between serum zonulin and the SARC-F score (r = 0.3583, p = 0.0006) and a moderate correlation between serum DAO and the SARC-F score (r = 0.4384, p < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study is the first to show a connection between primary sarcopenia and intestinal barrier dysfunction. While the findings support the use of the SARC-F questionnaire in routine practice, serum levels of DAO and zonulin could serve as an alternative when the SARC-F questionnaire is not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrocardiographic markers in Motoric Cognitive Risk syndrome.","authors":"Joe Verghese, Sharika Sreeram, Vijin Joseph, Dristi Adhikari, Alben Sigamani, Helena M Blumen, V G Pradeep Kumar, Emmeline Ayers","doi":"10.1159/000544121","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Presence of cardiovascular disease is linked to the prevalence and incidence of Motoric Cognitive Risk syndrome (MCR), a pre-dementia syndrome characterized by cognitive complaints and slow gait. Electrocardiograms (ECGs) may offer a cost-effective, non-invasive, and reliable method for detecting cardiovascular abnormalities in individuals with MCR. This approach can not only diagnose cardiovascular disease but also facilitate timely interventions to prevent further cognitive decline in MCR cases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined the association of ECG abnormalities with prevalent MCR in 451 older adults with ECGs participating in the Kerala Einstein Study (KES), based in Indian state of Kerala. Logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and sex were used to examine associations, and reported as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ECG abnormalities were present in 191 (42.4%) participants. Of the 43 participants diagnosed with MCR, 23 (53.5%) had ECG abnormalities. Abnormal Q waves (OR 5.1, 95% CI 1.7-14.9) and heart block (OR 6.0, 95% CI 2.1-17.4) were more common in individuals with MCR compared to controls. There were no statistically significant group differences in the prevalence of other ECG abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ECG abnormalities are common in MCR patients, and can be considered for cardiovascular disease risk-stratification in MCR cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":"71 4","pages":"292-296"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12140404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aging Alters the Sense of Force but Not the Sense of Position in the Wrist and Ankle Joints.","authors":"Mélanie Henry, Stéphane Baudry","doi":"10.1159/000542869","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The impact of aging on proprioceptive senses remains an open question. As the senses of position and force may rely on different neural substrates, we investigated the effect of aging on both senses to provide original and more comprehensive data on age-related changes in proprioception.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The senses of position and force were assessed in several conditions using position- and force-reproduction tasks in young (20-40 years) and older (60-90 years) adults in the wrist (experiment 1, n = 41, 20 older adults) and ankle joints (experiment 2, n = 46, 24 older adults).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In both experiments, older adults exhibited larger force-reproduction errors than young adults at low (5% maximal force, p < 0.001) but not moderate forces (20% maximal force, p > 0.056). No age-related decline was observed for position-reproduction errors (p > 0.30), regardless of movement amplitude. Rare weak-to-moderate correlations were observed between position- and force-reproduction errors (r ≤ 0.53, p ≥ 0.009).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In wrist and ankle joints, the age-related decline in proprioception is limited to the sense of force, especially for low forces. This nonuniform decline in proprioception across proprioceptive senses and testing conditions could reflect a decline in the central processing of proprioceptive information.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":"71 2","pages":"100-111"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Serum Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio and Readmission in Elderly Heart Failure Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Leilei Guo, Li Liu, Tianwen Li, Lina Cai, Li Hu, Yueshan Zhou","doi":"10.1159/000542616","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the serum albumin-to-serum creatinine ratio (sACR) and readmission in elderly heart failure patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the PhysioNet Restricted Health Data database. The exposure variable was sACR and the outcome variable readmission. Multivariate logistic regression and subgroup analyses were performed to assess the independent association between sACR and readmission. Smooth curve fits were applied to examine the nonlinear relationship. We employed multiple imputation and E-value sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of our results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study included 1,725 participants, of whom 40.6% were male, 59.2% were aged 60-79 years, and 40.8% were aged 80 years and older. After adjusting for potential confounders, we found that for each unit increase in sACR, the 28-day readmission rate decreased by 48% (odds ratio [OR] = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.29-0.95, p = 0.003). The 28-day readmission rate was significantly higher in the low sACR group (sACR <0.32) than in the high sACR group (sACR >0.51) (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.3-0.76, p = 0.002). Similar results were observed for 3-month and 9-month readmission. Subgroup analysis showed no significant interactions. A nonlinear relationship was observed between the sACR and readmission. Sensitivity analyses have confirmed the robustness of our results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a negative association between sACR and readmission in Chinese heart failure patients. Our study may offer novel insights into the management of heart failure readmissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"28-38"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foot and Footwear Considerations for Older People: A Special Article Collection for Gerontology.","authors":"Hylton B Menz, Yvonne M Golightly","doi":"10.1159/000542899","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542899","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"47-48"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying New Risk Factors for Comorbidities in the Elderly.","authors":"Yuge Jiang, Ping Liu, Yi Liu, Zhuyun Gong, Longhe Xu","doi":"10.1159/000545175","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This is a cross-sectional design to evaluate high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) as novel biomarkers for assessing the risk of geriatric comorbidities. Based on data from 316 patients with geriatric comorbidities, participants were selected through hospital records according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The primary outcome measures include the impact of HDL-C and FBG levels on the severity of comorbidities and the calibration and decision utility of the nomogram prediction model. The study also explores the clinical value of the nomogram model in managing the risk of geriatric comorbidities amidst the aging population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multiple statistical methods, including logistic regression, Lasso regression, and calibration analysis, were used to assess the associations of the above factors and evaluate the performance of the nomogram prediction model. The model demonstrated high predictive accuracy in internal and external validation, with nearly perfect calibration performance observed in the external validation. Decision curve analysis further confirmed the model's high clinical utility and benefit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HDL-C was significantly negatively associated with the risk of geriatric comorbidities (odds ratio [OR] = 0.387, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.286-0.547, p < 0.05), while FBG was positively associated with comorbidity risk (OR = 1.050, 95% CI: 1.129-2.136, p < 0.05). The nomogram model demonstrated high predictive accuracy in internal and external validation, with nearly perfect calibration performance observed in the external validation. Decision curve analysis further confirmed the model's high clinical utility and benefit.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the importance of HDL-C and FBG as critical biomarkers for assessing comorbidity risk in the elderly and reveals the potential application of the nomogram prediction model in the risk prediction and management of elderly comorbidities. These findings support using these indicators in predicting and intervening comorbidities in the elderly, providing substantial evidence for further research and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"488-502"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143962559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Younger and Older Adults' Aging Well Construals: A Quantitative Word Use and Topics Comparison.","authors":"Valeria A Pfeifer, Kayden Jordan, Trish Davis, Matthew D Grilli, Matthias R Mehl","doi":"10.1159/000545481","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Individuals' construals of aging capture how they think of aging, and what aging well means to them. Assessing such construals is important for understanding attitudes toward aging and, ultimately, how to tailor personalized aging well interventions to an individual.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 100 younger adults (YAs)' and 92 older adults (OAs)' spoken narratives of what aging well means to them using two language analysis approaches, closed-vocabulary, word count analysis via Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) and open-vocabulary, word co-occurrence analysis via topic modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>YAs' and OAs' spoken narratives differed in both word and topic use. YAs used more words related to physical aspects, more tentative language, and expressed themselves via higher status language (clout), while OAs used authentic language, i-talk, and words related to work, home, family, and religion. Topic modeling complemented the LIWC analyses and showed that YAs primarily discussed topics of bodily and cognitive decline and strategies of preventing aging, conveying concerns about, and negative stereotypes of aging. OAs topicalized family reflections, openness to new experiences, and their social engagement, signaling a more positive outlook on (continued) aging.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our complimentary word count and word co-occurrence language analyses of aging well construals revealed stark differences between YAs' and OAs' perceptions of aging well, which raise important questions about intergenerational exchanges and communications about aging more broadly. Further, we found that aging construals of OAs are useful for estimating their future outlook, an important aspect of resilience against cognitive decline and possible entry point for targeted precision aging interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":"71 5","pages":"388-399"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normative Beliefs for Older Adults and Volunteering Intentions.","authors":"Maria Wirth, Clara de Paula Couto, Helene Hoi-Lam Fung, Maria Konstantinovna Pavlova, Klaus Rothermund","doi":"10.1159/000543917","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The idea that older adults should contribute to the common good has become a social normative belief (i.e., social activation). Younger and - even more so - older adults prescribe social activation to the group of older adults. Older adults are assumed to behave in line with what is socially expected of them. However, previous studies did not establish a link between the old-age norm of social activation and older adults' social engagement. Following the reasoning of stereotype embodiment theory, we investigated the role of self-endorsement of social activation for older adults' social engagement (i.e., formal volunteering).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted two preregistered experiments in which older participants (60-90 years, N = 1,463) reflected on agreeing or disagreeing with the norm of social activation. We then assessed endorsement of social activation and intention to engage in formal volunteering.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Replicating our previous studies, participants who reflected on agreement with the norm of social activation reported higher endorsement of this norm compared to participants who reflected on disagreement. Endorsing the norm of social activation for (other) older adults translated into endorsing social activation for oneself (internalization). Furthermore, reflecting on agreement with social activation was indirectly related to volunteering intention via endorsement of self-related social activation (embodiment).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings elucidate the role of societal normative beliefs for older adults' behavior and offer insights into the discourse on the continued social participation of older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":"71 4","pages":"321-336"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12037153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sarcopenia Is Poorly Documented in Geriatric Rehabilitation Inpatients: Restoring Health of Acutely Unwell Adults (RESORT).","authors":"Thang Dao, Cheng Hwee Soh, Esmee M Reijnierse, Lihuan Guan, Andrea B Maier","doi":"10.1159/000543620","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in older inpatients. However, it is unclear if sarcopenia is documented routinely in geriatric rehabilitation. This study aimed to investigate the documentation of sarcopenia in medical records among geriatric rehabilitation patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Geriatric rehabilitation inpatients in a statewide hospital in VIC, Australia, were included. Patient characteristics, muscle measurements, and medical records at admission and discharge were collected. Sarcopenia was defined using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2). Patient characteristics were compared between the groups with documented and non-documented sarcopenia using the Wilcoxon rank-sum or chi-square test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1,890 geriatric rehabilitation inpatients (aged 83.4 [interquartile range: 77.6-88.4] years, 56.3% female), muscle measurements were available in 1,334 patients at admission. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 20.8% (n = 278). Sarcopenia was documented in 68 out of 1,890 patients; 23 of them did not have muscle mass or muscle strength measured. Forty-five patients with muscle measurements available were documented with sarcopenia either at discharge from acute admissions (n = 9), on rehabilitation admission (n = 25), or at discharge from rehabilitation (n = 26). Of these 45 patients, 8 patients had sarcopenia following the EWGSOP2 criteria. Compared with patients without sarcopenia documented, patients documented with sarcopenia had lower body mass index and sarcopenia screening (Strength, Assistance in Walking, Rise from a Chair, Climb Stairs, Falls History [SARC-F]) scores and higher Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) scores and were likely to come from nursing homes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Documentation of sarcopenia was lower than the prevalence of sarcopenia in geriatric rehabilitation inpatients. Sarcopenia was incorrectly documented as data on muscle measurement were missing to define sarcopenia. Practitioners likely used clinical impressions to document sarcopenia, rather than the formal diagnostic criteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":"71 3","pages":"203-213"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11924209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}