GerontologyPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-11-18DOI: 10.1159/000542616
Leilei Guo, Li Liu, Tianwen Li, Lina Cai, Li Hu, Yueshan Zhou
{"title":"Association between Serum Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio and Readmission in Elderly Heart Failure Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Leilei Guo, Li Liu, Tianwen Li, Lina Cai, Li Hu, Yueshan Zhou","doi":"10.1159/000542616","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the serum albumin-to-serum creatinine ratio (sACR) and readmission in elderly heart failure patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the PhysioNet Restricted Health Data database. The exposure variable was sACR and the outcome variable readmission. Multivariate logistic regression and subgroup analyses were performed to assess the independent association between sACR and readmission. Smooth curve fits were applied to examine the nonlinear relationship. We employed multiple imputation and E-value sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of our results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study included 1,725 participants, of whom 40.6% were male, 59.2% were aged 60-79 years, and 40.8% were aged 80 years and older. After adjusting for potential confounders, we found that for each unit increase in sACR, the 28-day readmission rate decreased by 48% (odds ratio [OR] = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.29-0.95, p = 0.003). The 28-day readmission rate was significantly higher in the low sACR group (sACR <0.32) than in the high sACR group (sACR >0.51) (OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.3-0.76, p = 0.002). Similar results were observed for 3-month and 9-month readmission. Subgroup analysis showed no significant interactions. A nonlinear relationship was observed between the sACR and readmission. Sensitivity analyses have confirmed the robustness of our results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a negative association between sACR and readmission in Chinese heart failure patients. Our study may offer novel insights into the management of heart failure readmissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"28-38"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GerontologyPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-12-23DOI: 10.1159/000542899
Hylton B Menz, Yvonne M Golightly
{"title":"Foot and Footwear Considerations for Older People: A Special Article Collection for Gerontology.","authors":"Hylton B Menz, Yvonne M Golightly","doi":"10.1159/000542899","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542899","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"47-48"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GerontologyPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-03-21DOI: 10.1159/000545175
Yuge Jiang, Ping Liu, Yi Liu, Zhuyun Gong, Longhe Xu
{"title":"Identifying New Risk Factors for Comorbidities in the Elderly.","authors":"Yuge Jiang, Ping Liu, Yi Liu, Zhuyun Gong, Longhe Xu","doi":"10.1159/000545175","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This is a cross-sectional design to evaluate high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) as novel biomarkers for assessing the risk of geriatric comorbidities. Based on data from 316 patients with geriatric comorbidities, participants were selected through hospital records according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The primary outcome measures include the impact of HDL-C and FBG levels on the severity of comorbidities and the calibration and decision utility of the nomogram prediction model. The study also explores the clinical value of the nomogram model in managing the risk of geriatric comorbidities amidst the aging population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multiple statistical methods, including logistic regression, Lasso regression, and calibration analysis, were used to assess the associations of the above factors and evaluate the performance of the nomogram prediction model. The model demonstrated high predictive accuracy in internal and external validation, with nearly perfect calibration performance observed in the external validation. Decision curve analysis further confirmed the model's high clinical utility and benefit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HDL-C was significantly negatively associated with the risk of geriatric comorbidities (odds ratio [OR] = 0.387, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.286-0.547, p < 0.05), while FBG was positively associated with comorbidity risk (OR = 1.050, 95% CI: 1.129-2.136, p < 0.05). The nomogram model demonstrated high predictive accuracy in internal and external validation, with nearly perfect calibration performance observed in the external validation. Decision curve analysis further confirmed the model's high clinical utility and benefit.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the importance of HDL-C and FBG as critical biomarkers for assessing comorbidity risk in the elderly and reveals the potential application of the nomogram prediction model in the risk prediction and management of elderly comorbidities. These findings support using these indicators in predicting and intervening comorbidities in the elderly, providing substantial evidence for further research and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"488-502"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143962559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GerontologyPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1159/000545481
Valeria A Pfeifer, Kayden Jordan, Trish Davis, Matthew D Grilli, Matthias R Mehl
{"title":"Younger and Older Adults' Aging Well Construals: A Quantitative Word Use and Topics Comparison.","authors":"Valeria A Pfeifer, Kayden Jordan, Trish Davis, Matthew D Grilli, Matthias R Mehl","doi":"10.1159/000545481","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Individuals' construals of aging capture how they think of aging, and what aging well means to them. Assessing such construals is important for understanding attitudes toward aging and, ultimately, how to tailor personalized aging well interventions to an individual.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 100 younger adults (YAs)' and 92 older adults (OAs)' spoken narratives of what aging well means to them using two language analysis approaches, closed-vocabulary, word count analysis via Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) and open-vocabulary, word co-occurrence analysis via topic modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>YAs' and OAs' spoken narratives differed in both word and topic use. YAs used more words related to physical aspects, more tentative language, and expressed themselves via higher status language (clout), while OAs used authentic language, i-talk, and words related to work, home, family, and religion. Topic modeling complemented the LIWC analyses and showed that YAs primarily discussed topics of bodily and cognitive decline and strategies of preventing aging, conveying concerns about, and negative stereotypes of aging. OAs topicalized family reflections, openness to new experiences, and their social engagement, signaling a more positive outlook on (continued) aging.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our complimentary word count and word co-occurrence language analyses of aging well construals revealed stark differences between YAs' and OAs' perceptions of aging well, which raise important questions about intergenerational exchanges and communications about aging more broadly. Further, we found that aging construals of OAs are useful for estimating their future outlook, an important aspect of resilience against cognitive decline and possible entry point for targeted precision aging interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":"71 5","pages":"388-399"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12191769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GerontologyPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-02-05DOI: 10.1159/000543917
Maria Wirth, Clara de Paula Couto, Helene Hoi-Lam Fung, Maria Konstantinovna Pavlova, Klaus Rothermund
{"title":"Normative Beliefs for Older Adults and Volunteering Intentions.","authors":"Maria Wirth, Clara de Paula Couto, Helene Hoi-Lam Fung, Maria Konstantinovna Pavlova, Klaus Rothermund","doi":"10.1159/000543917","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The idea that older adults should contribute to the common good has become a social normative belief (i.e., social activation). Younger and - even more so - older adults prescribe social activation to the group of older adults. Older adults are assumed to behave in line with what is socially expected of them. However, previous studies did not establish a link between the old-age norm of social activation and older adults' social engagement. Following the reasoning of stereotype embodiment theory, we investigated the role of self-endorsement of social activation for older adults' social engagement (i.e., formal volunteering).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted two preregistered experiments in which older participants (60-90 years, N = 1,463) reflected on agreeing or disagreeing with the norm of social activation. We then assessed endorsement of social activation and intention to engage in formal volunteering.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Replicating our previous studies, participants who reflected on agreement with the norm of social activation reported higher endorsement of this norm compared to participants who reflected on disagreement. Endorsing the norm of social activation for (other) older adults translated into endorsing social activation for oneself (internalization). Furthermore, reflecting on agreement with social activation was indirectly related to volunteering intention via endorsement of self-related social activation (embodiment).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings elucidate the role of societal normative beliefs for older adults' behavior and offer insights into the discourse on the continued social participation of older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":"71 4","pages":"321-336"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12037153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GerontologyPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-01-20DOI: 10.1159/000543620
Thang Dao, Cheng Hwee Soh, Esmee M Reijnierse, Lihuan Guan, Andrea B Maier
{"title":"Sarcopenia Is Poorly Documented in Geriatric Rehabilitation Inpatients: Restoring Health of Acutely Unwell Adults (RESORT).","authors":"Thang Dao, Cheng Hwee Soh, Esmee M Reijnierse, Lihuan Guan, Andrea B Maier","doi":"10.1159/000543620","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in older inpatients. However, it is unclear if sarcopenia is documented routinely in geriatric rehabilitation. This study aimed to investigate the documentation of sarcopenia in medical records among geriatric rehabilitation patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Geriatric rehabilitation inpatients in a statewide hospital in VIC, Australia, were included. Patient characteristics, muscle measurements, and medical records at admission and discharge were collected. Sarcopenia was defined using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2). Patient characteristics were compared between the groups with documented and non-documented sarcopenia using the Wilcoxon rank-sum or chi-square test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1,890 geriatric rehabilitation inpatients (aged 83.4 [interquartile range: 77.6-88.4] years, 56.3% female), muscle measurements were available in 1,334 patients at admission. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 20.8% (n = 278). Sarcopenia was documented in 68 out of 1,890 patients; 23 of them did not have muscle mass or muscle strength measured. Forty-five patients with muscle measurements available were documented with sarcopenia either at discharge from acute admissions (n = 9), on rehabilitation admission (n = 25), or at discharge from rehabilitation (n = 26). Of these 45 patients, 8 patients had sarcopenia following the EWGSOP2 criteria. Compared with patients without sarcopenia documented, patients documented with sarcopenia had lower body mass index and sarcopenia screening (Strength, Assistance in Walking, Rise from a Chair, Climb Stairs, Falls History [SARC-F]) scores and higher Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) scores and were likely to come from nursing homes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Documentation of sarcopenia was lower than the prevalence of sarcopenia in geriatric rehabilitation inpatients. Sarcopenia was incorrectly documented as data on muscle measurement were missing to define sarcopenia. Practitioners likely used clinical impressions to document sarcopenia, rather than the formal diagnostic criteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":"71 3","pages":"203-213"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11924209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GerontologyPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-04-22DOI: 10.1159/000545961
Ling Wang, Daniele Diacinti, Davide Diacinti, Salvatore Minisola, Liu Yajun
{"title":"The Diagnosis of Osteoporosis, Including Opportunistic Computed Tomography: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Ling Wang, Daniele Diacinti, Davide Diacinti, Salvatore Minisola, Liu Yajun","doi":"10.1159/000545961","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545961","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease with a high prevalence in the elderly population. The diagnosis is straightforward when a fragility fracture at major skeletal sites (hip, vertebrae, humerus, distal radius) occurs. However, the diagnosis may be challenging in the absence of fractures or when, even with a fracture (morphometric vertebral), no symptoms are reported by the patient.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>In recent years, there has been a huge advancement in diagnostic imaging modalities with particular interest in measuring skeletal resistance. Each technique has inherent advantages and disadvantages. In this narrative review, we discuss all diagnostic modalities from bone mineral density to more sophisticated techniques.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>It is hoped that a greater utilization of opportunistic CT will increase patient screening with consequent advantages for patient care and future fraction prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"453-460"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144007913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GerontologyPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-07-29DOI: 10.1159/000547666
Nivedita Bhadra, Janith Don, Matt De Both, Megan Johnson, Saurabh Sharma, Darian Chambers, Matt Huentelman, Nicholas J Schork
{"title":"Heterogeneity Analysis of Associations Involving the Large-Scale Online MindCrowd Survey Memory Test.","authors":"Nivedita Bhadra, Janith Don, Matt De Both, Megan Johnson, Saurabh Sharma, Darian Chambers, Matt Huentelman, Nicholas J Schork","doi":"10.1159/000547666","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547666","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Alzheimer's disease and related disorders (ADRDs), as well as general age-related cognitive decline, are known to be multifactorial with heterogeneous etiologies. Identifying and accommodating heterogeneity in any one ADRD-related data set can be pursued using different analytical techniques, each with different assumptions or purposes. For example, whereas a great deal of research has explored clustering individuals or variables that exhibit greater similarity in some way, little research has explored evidence for heterogeneity in the relationships between relevant outcomes, such as performance on a memory test, and risk factors such as environmental exposures, behaviors, or genetic factors among individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We explored evidence of heterogeneity in the relationships between ability on a memory test, specifically the paired associate learning (PAL) test, and multiple social and demographic risk factors using the large MindCrowd study database (n > 90,000 individuals). We focused on mixtures of regression models but compared models assuming many interaction effects among independent variables as well as random effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We ultimately find substantial evidence for heterogeneity and offer an intuitive explanation for it involving individual motivation for participating in the MindCrowd study. Basically, we argue that our mixture of regression model analysis results suggest that a smaller group of individuals (∼16%) likely participated in the MindCrowd study out of a concern for their cognitive abilities as they exhibit stronger and statistically significant negative associations between age, number of medications they are on, some ancestries, and the number correct on the PAL test. They also exhibit stronger positive associations between education and PAL test results in a dose-dependent manner suggesting that a \"cognitive reserve\" associated with greater education could benefit them. Analysis models assuming interaction terms and random effects suggested that other forms of heterogeneity in the relationships between variables exist in the data set, but their results do not carry with them the same intuitive explanation that the results of the mixture model analyses do.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We find evidence for heterogeneity in the relationships between social and demographic variables and PAL test results in the large MindCrowd study database. This heterogeneity is likely due to individuals with and without concerns for their cognitive abilities participating in the study. We also find other types of evidence in the data set. Our results should motivate caution in the use of large epidemiological study or survey-oriented data sets to build predictive models of clinical or subclinical pathologies without exploring or accommodating heterogeneity. Our results also suggest that one should include questions about motivation to participate in l","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"823-834"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12462766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GerontologyPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-01-10DOI: 10.1159/000543253
Mingxin Liu, Alan A Cohen, Véronique Legault, Sewanou Hermann Honfo, Kamaryn Tanner, Tamas Fulop, Mélanie Levasseur
{"title":"No Consistent Evidence that Ageism Is Linked to Biological Aging Status in the US Health and Retirement Study.","authors":"Mingxin Liu, Alan A Cohen, Véronique Legault, Sewanou Hermann Honfo, Kamaryn Tanner, Tamas Fulop, Mélanie Levasseur","doi":"10.1159/000543253","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ageism, defined as stereotype, prejudice, and discrimination against people based on their age, has been shown to have unfavorable impacts on health. While discrimination has often been shown to negatively impact health, whether ageism might accelerate biological aging itself is unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted secondary analyses of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS, 2008, 2012, and 2016 waves). Ageism was estimated using self-perception of aging (SPA) and perceived age discrimination (PAD). Other types of discrimination (e.g., racism, sexism) were also considered. The Everyday Discrimination Scale was used to assess PAD and other types of discrimination. Biological aging was measured through homeostatic dysregulation (HD, n = 3,443, 2016 wave, six measures), epigenetic age (n = 1,484, 2016 wave, five measures), and telomere length (n = 1,981, 2008 wave). Biological aging measures were modeled as a function of ageism within and across waves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within waves, SPA score was associated with some elevated HD (e.g., β = 0.11, p < 0.001, quantified by 44 biomarkers) and epigenetic age indices (e.g., β = 0.61, p < 0.001, Hannum Epi Age). After controlling for comorbidities and social participation, these variables were no longer associated. Effects were similar but weaker in predicting 2016 biological aging from SPA in 2008 and 2012. PAD was not associated with biological aging measures, in contrast to other types of discrimination, which were.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found no consistent evidence linking ageism to biological aging status. Further research should investigate why; potentially, ageism has less time to become biologically embedded, compared to racism and sexism, which might be experienced throughout one's life, but measurement challenges could also be present.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":"71 3","pages":"185-202"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GerontologyPub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-05-27DOI: 10.1159/000546346
Tim Wiedenmann, Steffen Held, Tobias Morat, Ludwig Rappelt, Eduard Isenmann, Elena Berndsen, Nils-Holger Hopp, Lars Donath
{"title":"The Effects of Different Resistance Training Modalities on Muscle Strength in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Network Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Tim Wiedenmann, Steffen Held, Tobias Morat, Ludwig Rappelt, Eduard Isenmann, Elena Berndsen, Nils-Holger Hopp, Lars Donath","doi":"10.1159/000546346","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Resistance training is widely recognized as a valuable method to enhance physical function, reduce the risk of falls, and improve overall health, independence and well-being in older adults. The training can be performed through various modalities of which the comparative effects have not yet been thoroughly elucidated. This network meta-analysis (NMA) therefore aims to compare and rank different resistance training modalities regarding their effects on strength outcomes in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The studies included in this NMA were identified through a comprehensive search across three health-related and biomedical databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus). We included (randomized) controlled trials that assessed the effect of resistance training modes (including: free weight training, machine-based training, bodyweight training, elastic band training, and mixed training) in comparison to each other or to a control condition, focusing on traditional maximal strength outcomes in older individuals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This NMA includes 102 trials involving 4,754 community-dwelling seniors with a mean age of 70 ± 4 years (range 63-87 years of age). All of the included resistance training modalities yield moderate to large positive effects on strength when compared to a \"no intervention\" control condition. Machine-based training {standardized mean difference (SMD) = 1.34 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16; 1.52)} elicits the largest effects, followed by free weight (SMD = 1.15 [95% CI: 0.28; 2.03]), elastic band (SMD = 0.93 [95% CI: 0.49; 1.37]), mixed (SMD = 0.88 [95% CI: 0.51; 1.25]), and bodyweight training (SMD = 0.71 [95% CI: 0.16; 1.26]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Machine-based training elicits the largest effects with the smallest variance. However, our findings demonstrate that various resistance-training modalities can have large positive effects on strength development in older adults. We suggest that, with adequately chosen load criteria such as training intensity, volume and duration of the training period, the selection of the appropriate resistance training type might depend on individual preference, enjoyability, and practicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"576-588"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}