IF 5.3 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.3390/gels11090710

Dong Han Kim, Jeong Eun Cha, Dojin Kim, Sang Hyun Lee

{"title":"Size-Controlled Fabrication of Alginate Hydrogel Microbeads Optimized for Lipase Entrapment.","authors":"Dong Han Kim, Jeong Eun Cha, Dojin Kim, Sang Hyun Lee","doi":"10.3390/gels11090710","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11090710","url":null,"abstract":"Enzyme entrapment in alginate hydrogel microbeads is an effective method of immobilization for industrial applications, but many fabrication methods for alginate microbeads involve oil, organic solvents, or high temperatures that reduce enzymatic activity. In this study, we employed an oil- and solvent-free gas-shearing technique to prepare alginate microbeads for the entrapment of Candida rugosa lipase (CRL), thereby minimizing thermal- and solvent-induced inactivation. To enhance immobilization efficiency and reusability, the effects of gas flow rate, alginate concentration, and cross-linking metal ions were systematically investigated. CRL entrapped in Ba- and Fe-alginate microbeads showed superior immobilization yield, activity retention, and activity recovery compared with CRL entrapped in conventional Ca-alginate microbeads. Notably, both Ba- and Fe-alginate microbeads exhibited significantly enhanced stability, with half-lives up to 127-fold greater than that of free CRL at 60 °C, and maintained substantially higher pH stability across the tested range. Ba-alginate microbeads provided greater pH stability and substrate affinity, whereas Fe-alginate microbeads demonstrated enhanced thermal stability and catalytic turnover. These findings highlight gas-shearing as a scalable and gentle fabrication method for producing high-performance alginate microbeads with tunable properties, making them suitable for enzyme entrapment in diverse biocatalytic applications.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12469728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Analysis of Chemical Activators and Expansive Agents for Aeolian Sand Stabilization Using Industrial Solid Waste-Based Geopolymers. 工业固体废弃物基地聚合物稳定风沙的化学活化剂和膨胀剂的对比分析。

IF 5.3 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.3390/gels11090713

Zilu Xie, Zengzhen Qian, Xianlong Lu, Hao Wang, Phatyoufy Lai

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Chemical Activators and Expansive Agents for Aeolian Sand Stabilization Using Industrial Solid Waste-Based Geopolymers.","authors":"Zilu Xie, Zengzhen Qian, Xianlong Lu, Hao Wang, Phatyoufy Lai","doi":"10.3390/gels11090713","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11090713","url":null,"abstract":"Aeolian sand is the primary geological material for construction in desert regions, and its stabilization with industrial solid wastes-based geopolymer (ISWG) provides an eco-friendly treatment replacing cement. This study comparatively investigated the enhancement effects of chemical activators and expansive agents on compressive strength of aeolian sand stabilized by ISWG (ASIG). Three chemical activators-NaOH, Ca(OH)2, and CaCl2-along with two expansive agents-desulfurized gypsum and bentonite-were considered. Through X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, mercury intrusion porosimetry and pH values tests, the enhancement mechanisms of the additives on ASIG were elucidated. Results demonstrate that the expansive agent exhibits significantly superior strengthening effects on ASIG compared to the widely applied chemical activators. Chemical activators promoted ISWs dissolution and hydration product synthesis, thereby densifying the hydration product matrix but concurrently enlarged interparticle pores. Desulfurized gypsum incorporation induced morphological changes in ettringite, and excessive desulfurized gypsum generated substantial ettringite that disrupted gel matrix. In contrast, bentonite demonstrated superior pore-filling efficacy while densifying gel matrix through a compaction effect. These findings highlight bentonite superior compatibility with the unique microstructure of aeolian sand compared to conventional alkaline activators or expansive agents, and better effectiveness in enhancing the strength of ASIG.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12469289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cu₉S₅/Gel-Derived TiO₂ Composites for Efficient CO₂ Adsorption and Conversion. Cu9S5/凝胶型TiO2复合材料对CO2的高效吸附和转化

IF 5.3 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.3390/gels11090711

Shuai Liu, Yang Meng, Zhengfei Chen, Jiefeng Yan, Fuyan Gao, Tao Wu, Guangsuo Yu

{"title":"Cu9S5/Gel-Derived TiO2 Composites for Efficient CO2 Adsorption and Conversion.","authors":"Shuai Liu, Yang Meng, Zhengfei Chen, Jiefeng Yan, Fuyan Gao, Tao Wu, Guangsuo Yu","doi":"10.3390/gels11090711","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11090711","url":null,"abstract":"Engineering phase-selective gel composites presents a promising route to enhance both CO2 adsorption and conversion efficiency in photocatalytic systems. In this work, Cu9S5/TiO2 gel composites were synthesized via a hydrazine-hydrate-assisted hydrothermal method, using TiO2 derived from a microwave-assisted sol-gel process. The resulting materials exhibit a porous gel-derived morphology with highly dispersed Cu9S5 nanocrystals, as confirmed by XRD, TEM, and XPS analyses. These structural features promote abundant surface-active sites and interfacial contact, enabling efficient CO2 adsorption. Among all samples, the optimized 0.36Cu9S5/TiO2 composite achieved a methane production rate of 34 μmol·g-1·h-1, with 64.76% CH4 selectivity and 88.02% electron-based selectivity, significantly outperforming Cu9S8/TiO2 synthesized without hydrazine hydrate. This enhancement is attributed to the dual role of hydrazine: facilitating phase transformation from Cu9S8 to Cu9S5 and modulating the interfacial electronic environment to favor CO2 capture and activation. DFT calculations reveal that Cu9S5/TiO2 effectively lowers the energy barriers of critical intermediates (*COOH, *CO, and *CHO), enhancing both CO2 adsorption strength and subsequent conversion to methane. This work demonstrates a gel-derived composite strategy that couples efficient CO2 adsorption with selective photocatalytic reduction, offering new design principles for adsorption-conversion hybrid materials.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12470043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research and Development of a CO₂-Responsive TMPDA-SDS-SiO₂ Gel System for Profile Control and Enhanced Oil Recovery. 用于调剖和提高采收率的co2响应型TMPDA-SDS-SiO2凝胶体系的研制

IF 5.3 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.3390/gels11090709

Guojun Li, Meilong Fu, Jun Chen, Yuhao Zhu

{"title":"Research and Development of a CO2-Responsive TMPDA-SDS-SiO2 Gel System for Profile Control and Enhanced Oil Recovery.","authors":"Guojun Li, Meilong Fu, Jun Chen, Yuhao Zhu","doi":"10.3390/gels11090709","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11090709","url":null,"abstract":"A CO2-responsive TMPDA-SDS-SiO2 gel system was developed and evaluated through formulation optimization, structural characterization, rheological testing, and core flooding experiments. The optimal formulation was identified as 7.39 wt% SDS, 1.69 wt% TMPDA, and 0.1 wt% SiO2, achieving post-CO2 viscosities above 103-104 mPa·s. Spectroscopic and microscopic analyses confirmed that CO2 protonates TMPDA amine groups to form carbamate/bicarbonate species, which drive the micellar transformation into a wormlike network, thereby enhancing gelation and viscosity. Rheological tests showed severe shear-thinning behavior, excellent shear recovery, and reversible viscosity changes under alternating CO2/N2 injection. The gel demonstrated rapid responsiveness, reaching stable viscosities within 8 min, and maintained good performance after 60 days of thermal aging at 90 °C and in high-salinity brines. Plugging tests in sand-packed tubes revealed that a permeability reduction of 98.9% could be achieved at 0.15 PV injection. In heterogeneous parallel core flooding experiments, the gel preferentially reduced high-permeability channel conductivity, improved sweep efficiency in low-permeability zones, and increased incremental oil recovery by 14.28-34.38% depending on the permeability contrast. These findings indicate that the CO2-responsive TMPDA-SDS-SiO2 gel system offers promising potential as a novel smart blocking gel system for improving the effectiveness of CO2 flooding in heterogeneous reservoirs.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12469825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of an Innovative Nanosystem Based on Functionalized Albumin and Oxidized Gellan for the Synergistic Delivery of Curcumin and Temozolomide in the Treatment of Brain Cancer. 基于功能化白蛋白和氧化结冷胶的创新纳米系统的开发，用于协同递送姜黄素和替莫唑胺治疗脑癌。

IF 5.3 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.3390/gels11090708

Camelia Elena Iurciuc Tincu, Gabriela Vochița, Daniela Gherghel, Cosmin-Teodor Mihai, Silvia Vasiliu, Ștefania Racoviță, Anca Niculina Cadinoiu, Corina Lenuța Logigan, Mihaela Hamcerencu, Florin Mitu, Marcel Popa, Lăcrămioara Ochiuz

{"title":"Development of an Innovative Nanosystem Based on Functionalized Albumin and Oxidized Gellan for the Synergistic Delivery of Curcumin and Temozolomide in the Treatment of Brain Cancer.","authors":"Camelia Elena Iurciuc Tincu, Gabriela Vochița, Daniela Gherghel, Cosmin-Teodor Mihai, Silvia Vasiliu, Ștefania Racoviță, Anca Niculina Cadinoiu, Corina Lenuța Logigan, Mihaela Hamcerencu, Florin Mitu, Marcel Popa, Lăcrămioara Ochiuz","doi":"10.3390/gels11090708","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11090708","url":null,"abstract":"Treating brain cancer remains challenging due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the systemic toxicity of chemotherapy. This study focuses on developing human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles modified with low-molecular-weight protamine (LMWP) to improve crossing the BBB and enable targeted delivery of curcumin and temozolomide (TMZ). Nanoparticle stability was enhanced by crosslinking with aldehyde groups from oxidized gellan (OG). The successful attachment of LMWP to HSA at the thiol group of Cys34 was confirmed through FT-IR and 1H-NMR analyses. Most self-assembled nanoparticles were smaller than 200 nm in diameter. Curcumin showed higher encapsulation efficiency than TMZ. In vitro drug release was pH-dependent: curcumin released more at pH 7.4, while TMZ release was better at pH 4. Higher crosslinking degrees reduced drug release. Cytotoxicity assays on V79-4 (normal) and C6 (glioma) cell lines showed increased apoptosis and significantly lower IC50 values for co-encapsulated formulations, indicating a synergistic effect. Curcumin's antioxidant activity was maintained and protected from UV degradation by the polymer matrix. The parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) confirmed that the functionalized formulations with co-encapsulated drugs could cross the BBB. Hemocompatibility studies indicated a favorable profile for intravenous use.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12469971/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Printable Conductive Hydrogels and Elastomers for Biomedical Application. 生物医学应用的可打印导电水凝胶和弹性体。

IF 5.3 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.3390/gels11090707

Zhangkang Li, Chenyu Shen, Hangyu Chen, Jaemyung Shin, Kartikeya Dixit, Hyun Jae Lee

{"title":"Printable Conductive Hydrogels and Elastomers for Biomedical Application.","authors":"Zhangkang Li, Chenyu Shen, Hangyu Chen, Jaemyung Shin, Kartikeya Dixit, Hyun Jae Lee","doi":"10.3390/gels11090707","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11090707","url":null,"abstract":"Printed flexible materials have garnered considerable attention as next-generation materials for bioelectronic applications, particularly hydrogels and elastomers, owing to their intrinsic softness, tissue-like mechanical compliance, and electrical conductivity. In contrast to conventional fabrication approaches, printing technologies enable precise spatial control, design versatility, and seamless integration with complex biological interfaces. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the progress in printable soft conductive materials, with a particular emphasis on the composition, processing, and functional roles of conductive hydrogels and elastomers. This review first introduces traditional fabrication methods for conductive materials and explains the motivation for using printing techniques. We then introduce two major classes of soft conductive materials, hydrogels and elastomers, and describe their applications in both in vitro systems, such as biosensors and soft stimulators, and in vivo settings, including neural interfaces and implantable devices. Finally, we discuss current challenges and propose future directions for advancing printed soft bioelectronics toward clinical translation.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12469759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microstructure and Photocatalytic Performance of BaTi₅O₁₁ Nanocrystals Synthesized via Sol-Gel Method Mediated by Organic Solvents. 有机溶剂介导溶胶-凝胶法制备BaTi5O11纳米晶的微观结构及光催化性能

IF 5.3 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.3390/gels11090706

Honghua Wang, Tianchen Gao, Xinyi Li, Yuci Huang, Junjie Wang, Zhixiong Huang, Dongyun Guo

{"title":"Microstructure and Photocatalytic Performance of BaTi5O11 Nanocrystals Synthesized via Sol-Gel Method Mediated by Organic Solvents.","authors":"Honghua Wang, Tianchen Gao, Xinyi Li, Yuci Huang, Junjie Wang, Zhixiong Huang, Dongyun Guo","doi":"10.3390/gels11090706","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11090706","url":null,"abstract":"BaTi5O11 nanocrystals were synthesized via a sol-gel method employing different organic solvents. The influence of solvent choice on microstructure and photocatalytic performance was investigated through methylene blue (MB) degradation under UV light irradiation. The monoclinic BaTi5O11 nanocrystals were successfully synthesized, where solvent selection significantly affected their grain size and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area. The BaTi5O11 nanocrystals synthesized using polyethylene glycol-200 (PEG-200) exhibited the highest BET surface area (9.78 m2/g) and smallest average pore size (17.8 nm). The BaTi5O11 nanocrystals also displayed a larger optical bandgap (3.61 eV), attributed to pronounced quantum confinement and surface effects. Consequently, the PEG-200-derived BaTi5O11 photocatalyst achieved complete MB degradation within 30 min under UV light irradiation. This enhanced performance was attributed to the high BET surface area providing abundant active sites. Furthermore, the BaTi5O11 nanocrystal photocatalyst maintained excellent reusability and stability over four consecutive cycles.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12469563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biological Models for Evaluating Hydrogel-Based Formulations in Wound Healing. 评价水凝胶在伤口愈合中的生物学模型。

IF 5.3 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.3390/gels11090705

Ioana Baldea, Ioana Georgeta Grosu, Sahar Ghafury, Cristian Golat, Doriane Doubali, Ana-Maria Vestemean, Aris Nicolas Cedorge, Ilinca Florian, Michael Yiannoulatos, Muhammad Mudassir Wajahat, Lorenzo Raoul Silli, Thesseus Stavrou, Daniela Rodica Mitrea

{"title":"Biological Models for Evaluating Hydrogel-Based Formulations in Wound Healing.","authors":"Ioana Baldea, Ioana Georgeta Grosu, Sahar Ghafury, Cristian Golat, Doriane Doubali, Ana-Maria Vestemean, Aris Nicolas Cedorge, Ilinca Florian, Michael Yiannoulatos, Muhammad Mudassir Wajahat, Lorenzo Raoul Silli, Thesseus Stavrou, Daniela Rodica Mitrea","doi":"10.3390/gels11090705","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11090705","url":null,"abstract":"Skin, the largest organ of the human body, serves as a critical physico-chemical barrier against environmental insults and plays essential roles in hydration, thermoregulation, immune defense, and metabolic functions. Wound healing is a complex, multistage biological process involving hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Hydrogels have emerged as a promising class of wound dressings due to their high moisture retention, biocompatibility, and ability to mimic the extracellular matrix, thereby supporting accelerated healing and controlled drug delivery. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current hydrogel types-classified by origin, crosslinking mechanisms, and responsiveness to stimuli-and evaluates their use in experimental research on in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo wound healing models. Furthermore, clinical applications of hydrogels in wound therapy are discussed. Advances in semisynthetic and stimuli-responsive hydrogels, along with improved testing models, offer enhanced therapeutic potential and underscore the need for continued innovation to optimize wound care outcomes and alleviate healthcare burdens.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12469554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advances in Preparation and Biomedical Applications of Sodium Alginate-Based Electrospun Nanofibers. 海藻酸钠基静电纺纳米纤维的制备及其生物医学应用研究进展。

IF 5.3 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.3390/gels11090704

Xuan Zhou, Yudong Wang, Changchun Ji

{"title":"Advances in Preparation and Biomedical Applications of Sodium Alginate-Based Electrospun Nanofibers.","authors":"Xuan Zhou, Yudong Wang, Changchun Ji","doi":"10.3390/gels11090704","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11090704","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium alginate (SA) has the advantages of good biocompatibility, water absorption, oxygen permeability, non-toxicity, and film-forming properties. SA is compounded with other materials to formulate a spinning solution. Subsequently, electrospinning is employed to fabricate nanofiber membranes. These membranes undergo cross-linking modification or hydrogel composite functionalization, yielding nanofiber composites exhibiting essential properties, including biodegradability, biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and antimicrobial activity. Consequently, these functionalized composites are widely utilized in tissue engineering, regenerative engineering, biological scaffolds, and drug delivery systems, among other biomedical applications. This work reviews the sources, characteristics, and electrospinning preparation methods of SA, with a focus on the application and research status of SA composite nanofibers in tissue engineering scaffolds, wound dressings, drug delivery, and other fields. It can be concluded that SA electrospun nanofibers have great development potential and application prospects in biomedicine, which could better meet the increasingly complex and diverse needs of tissue or wound healing. At the same time, the future development trend of SA composite nanofibers was prospected in order to provide some theoretical reference for the development of biomedical textiles and to promote its development in the direction of being green, safe, and efficient.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12470087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Amidated Pectin/Nanocellulose Hybrid Cryogel System with a pH-Responsive Release Profile for Small Intestinal Delivery. 具有小肠ph响应释放特性的改性果胶/纳米纤维素混合冷冻凝胶系统。

IF 5.3 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.3390/gels11090700

Shuhan Feng, Patrick Laurén, Jacopo Zini, Zahra Gounani, Jinfeng Bi, Jianyong Yi, Timo Laaksonen

{"title":"Amidated Pectin/Nanocellulose Hybrid Cryogel System with a pH-Responsive Release Profile for Small Intestinal Delivery.","authors":"Shuhan Feng, Patrick Laurén, Jacopo Zini, Zahra Gounani, Jinfeng Bi, Jianyong Yi, Timo Laaksonen","doi":"10.3390/gels11090700","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11090700","url":null,"abstract":"Cellulose nanofibers and pectin are promising candidates for polysaccharide-based gel carriers. However, their integration into a structurally modified hybrid gel system has not been extensively investigated. In this study, hybrid cryogels with a pH-responsive release profile favoring small intestinal delivery were prepared by freeze-drying various ratios of anionic nanofibrillar cellulose (aNFC) and amidated pectin (AP). Under acidic conditions, carboxylate protonation reduced intermolecular electrostatic repulsion, promoting the formation of the aNFC/AP hybrid gel network. Increasing the AP content enhanced the mechanical strength of the hydrogels and resulted in larger pore sizes after freeze-drying. The hybrid cryogels prolonged the release of a model drug for up to 20-30 min at pH 3.0, while exhibiting rapid release within 1-2 min when the pH exceeded 6.5, due to gel network collapse. The release behavior was governed by both the porous morphology and the crosslinking density of the cryogel scaffolds. These findings demonstrate that aNFC/AP hybrid cryogels possess a well-defined pH-responsive functional window (pH 6.5-7.0) and hold strong potential as oral drug delivery systems targeting the small intestine.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12469304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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