Gels最新文献 - Book学术

Bio-Inspired Synthesis of Injectable, Self-Healing PAA-Zn-Silk Fibroin-MXene Hydrogel for Multifunctional Wearable Capacitive Strain Sensor. 用于多功能可穿戴电容式应变传感器的可注射自修复PAA-Zn-Silk丝素- mxene水凝胶的仿生合成。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.3390/gels11050377

Rongjie Wang, Boming Jin, Jiaxin Li, Jing Li, Jingjing Xie, Pengchao Zhang, Zhengyi Fu

{"title":"Bio-Inspired Synthesis of Injectable, Self-Healing PAA-Zn-Silk Fibroin-MXene Hydrogel for Multifunctional Wearable Capacitive Strain Sensor.","authors":"Rongjie Wang, Boming Jin, Jiaxin Li, Jing Li, Jingjing Xie, Pengchao Zhang, Zhengyi Fu","doi":"10.3390/gels11050377","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11050377","url":null,"abstract":"Conductive hydrogels have important application prospects in the field of wearable sensing, which can identify various biological signals for human motion monitoring. However, the preparation of flexible conductive hydrogels with high sensitivity and stability to achieve reliable signal recording remains a challenge. Herein, we prepared a conductive hydrogel by introducing conductive Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets into a dual network structure formed by Zn2+ crosslinked polyacrylic acid and silk fibroin for use as a wearable capacitive strain sensor. The prepared injectable hydrogel has a uniform porous structure and good flexibility, and the elongation at break can reach 1750%. A large number of ionic coordination bonds and hydrogen bond interactions make the hydrogel exhibit good structural stability and a fast self-healing property (30 s). In addition, the introduction of Ti3C2Tx MXene as a conductive medium in hydrogel improves the conductivity. Due to the high conductivity of 0.16 S/m, the capacitive strain sensor assembled from this hydrogel presents a high gauge factor of 1.78 over a wide strain range of 0-200%, a fast response time of 0.2 s, and good cycling stability. As a wearable sensor, the hydrogel can accurately monitor the activities of different joints in real-time. This work is expected to provide a new approach for wearable hydrogel electronic devices.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12111058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144149968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Behaviour of Contaflex Soft Contact Lens Material During Hydration. Contaflex软接触镜材料水化过程中的行为。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.3390/gels11050376

Joseph Towler, Markus Zaplachinski, Roberto Montiel, Nikhil Murari, Christine Deng, Rimmo Lego, Arwa Fathy, Ahmed Abass

{"title":"The Behaviour of Contaflex Soft Contact Lens Material During Hydration.","authors":"Joseph Towler, Markus Zaplachinski, Roberto Montiel, Nikhil Murari, Christine Deng, Rimmo Lego, Arwa Fathy, Ahmed Abass","doi":"10.3390/gels11050376","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11050376","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the swelling and transparency behaviour of Contaflex soft contact lens materials with varying water-content (38-77%) using high-resolution digital imaging and infrared LiDAR. Contaflex materials with 38%, 55%, 58%, 67% and 77% nominal water-contents, denoted as C38, C55, C58, C67, and C77, were tested. Hydrogel samples (N = 5 per group) were monitored over 24 h in pH 7.1 phosphate-buffered saline. Dimensional changes were assessed via linear and radial expansion factors (LEF and REF), and transparency was tracked during hydration. All groups exhibited rapid initial swelling followed by continued expansion. LEF and REF values increased with water-content; C77 reached LEF and REF values of 1.563 ± 0.093 and 1.536 ± 0.052, while C38 stabilised near 1.201 ± 0.019 and 1.179 ± 0.011, respectively. Refractive index decreased with hydration, from 1.552 in C38 to 1.372 in C77. Power simulations revealed deviations beyond ISO tolerance limits in most materials, particularly those with higher water-content. Transparency changes were consistent with swelling dynamics. These findings support the need for material-specific design adjustments to account for hydration-related dimensional and optical changes in soft contact lenses.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12111219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the Potential of Cleansing Hydrogel and Shampoo with Whey as a Contemporary Approach to Sustainability. 探索清洁水凝胶和乳清洗发水的潜力，作为当代可持续发展的方法。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-05-20 DOI: 10.3390/gels11050374

Maja Bjelošević Žiberna, Blaž Grilc, Mirjana Gašperlin, Mirjam Gosenca Matjaž

{"title":"Exploring the Potential of Cleansing Hydrogel and Shampoo with Whey as a Contemporary Approach to Sustainability.","authors":"Maja Bjelošević Žiberna, Blaž Grilc, Mirjana Gašperlin, Mirjam Gosenca Matjaž","doi":"10.3390/gels11050374","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11050374","url":null,"abstract":"Cosmetology is one of the fastest-growing scientific areas, and within it, individual needs and preferences have to be considered. Specifically, cosmetic products with incorporated biological macromolecules, i.e., proteins and peptides, that contribute to improved skin features are gaining in importance. Similar to other fields, cosmetology is also faced with the zero-waste paradigm and strives for a collaboration with other industries. Whey is a co-product in milk production and represents a high environmental burden. In this regard, the idea of the present study was to utilise whey in order to develop sustainable cosmetic products, i.e., cleansing hydrogel and shampoo. The initial phase of the study was dedicated to the development of an optimised hydrogel and shampoo base, followed by whey integration and an in-depth physico-chemical characterisation of both prototypes. In the subsequent phases, particular emphasis was placed on evaluating the potential skin irritancy of the whey-based formulations in vitro, complemented by in vivo assessment on volunteers. The results obtained indicate that the incorporation of whey at concentrations of up to 30% (m/m) is feasible for both formulation types. Moreover, neither product exhibited any irritative effects and a study on volunteers showed that whey has great potential in terms of providing adequate skin hydration. Taken together, all the findings support the development of advanced cosmetic formulations with a zero-waste concept built-in, thus offering a promising platform for cross-sector collaboration, and representing a meaningful step toward potential hydrogel and shampoo commercialisation.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12110882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and Application of a Modified Biochar-Calcium Alginate Composite (MB-CA) for In Situ Remediation of Cadmium-Contaminated Soil. 改性生物炭-海藻酸钙复合材料（MB-CA）原位修复镉污染土壤的研制与应用

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-05-20 DOI: 10.3390/gels11050375

Sijia Sun, Yuying Wang, Yanru Zhang, Lina Wu, Xinyi Wang, Guoyu Wang, Weitao Sun, Dasong Lin, Yajun Wang

{"title":"Development and Application of a Modified Biochar-Calcium Alginate Composite (MB-CA) for In Situ Remediation of Cadmium-Contaminated Soil.","authors":"Sijia Sun, Yuying Wang, Yanru Zhang, Lina Wu, Xinyi Wang, Guoyu Wang, Weitao Sun, Dasong Lin, Yajun Wang","doi":"10.3390/gels11050375","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11050375","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural monitoring reveals cadmium (Cd) as the most prevalent heavy metal pollutant in Chinese agricultural soils, with 7.0% of sampled sites exceeding the national soil environmental quality standard (GB 15618-2018), creating substantial risks for crop safety. In situ remediation is a cost-effective method that can modify the speciation and migration properties of Cd in soil. The previous stage of research studies conducted basic characterization of materials and predicted their adsorption capacity in solution environments. This study focuses on the application effects in soil environment. We cross-linked modified biochar and calcium alginate hydrogels to fabricate a composite material (MB-CA) and determined its excellent adsorption performance for cadmium. This study is a continuation of our previous work, focusing on determining the thermodynamic model of adsorption materials, the applicable environment of composite materials, the influence on soil microorganisms, and its effect on the reduction in Cd content in agricultural products. The research found that the adsorption of Cd2+ by MB-CA conforms to the Freundlich isotherm model. MB-CA has the ability to regulate pH, achieving outstanding adsorption capacity at pH 4-6. The effect of MB-CA on lettuce is verified through pot experiment and field experiment. The Cd2+ content in plants decreased by 63.11% and 76.92%, respectively. Additionally, MB-CA did not negatively impact microbial abundance. This study further discussed the performance and application effect of MB-CA, providing new solutions for soil remediation.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12111106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design of a Foam-Actuated Nano-Emulgel for Perioceutic Drug Delivery: Formulation, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Efficacy. 设计一种泡沫驱动的纳米乳状液用于循环治疗药物的递送：配方、表征和抗菌功效。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-05-20 DOI: 10.3390/gels11050373

Theresa P K Varughese, Poornima Ramburrun, Nnamdi I Okafor, Sandy van Vuuren, Yahya E Choonara

{"title":"Design of a Foam-Actuated Nano-Emulgel for Perioceutic Drug Delivery: Formulation, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Efficacy.","authors":"Theresa P K Varughese, Poornima Ramburrun, Nnamdi I Okafor, Sandy van Vuuren, Yahya E Choonara","doi":"10.3390/gels11050373","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11050373","url":null,"abstract":"Periodontitis is a prevalent oral condition worldwide. Azithromycin, a conventional lipophilic drug for periodontal treatment, often causes systemic side effects when administered orally. To address this, azithromycin-loaded nano-emulgels were developed using olive oil as a carrier within a xanthan gum aqueous gel phase. This oil-in-aqueous gel emulsion was actuated into a foam for localized drug delivery in gingival and periodontal disease. The solubility of azithromycin in various vehicles was tested, with olive oil showing the best solubility (0.347 mg/mL). Thermodynamic stability testing identified viable nano-formulations, with encapsulation efficiencies ranging from 98 to 100%. These formulations exhibited rapid drug release within 2-8 h. Muco-adhesion studies and ex vivo permeability tests on porcine buccal mucosa highlighted the beneficial properties of xanthan gum for local drug retention within the oral cavity. Antimicrobial efficiency was assessed using minimum inhibitory concentrations against various oral pathogens, where the formulation with equal surfactant and co-surfactant ratios showed the most potent antibacterial activity, ranging from 0.390 to 1.56 µg/mL. This was supported by the shear-thinning, muco-adhesive, and drug-retentive properties of the xanthan gel base. The study also examined the influence of the oil phase with xanthan gum gel on foam texture, rheology, and stability, demonstrating a promising prototype for periodontitis treatment.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12111423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydrogels for Translucent Wearable Electronics: Innovations in Materials, Integration, and Applications. 用于半透明可穿戴电子产品的水凝胶：材料、集成和应用方面的创新。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-05-20 DOI: 10.3390/gels11050372

Thirukumaran Periyasamy, Shakila Parveen Asrafali, Jaewoong Lee

{"title":"Hydrogels for Translucent Wearable Electronics: Innovations in Materials, Integration, and Applications.","authors":"Thirukumaran Periyasamy, Shakila Parveen Asrafali, Jaewoong Lee","doi":"10.3390/gels11050372","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11050372","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advancements in wearable electronics have significantly enhanced human-device interaction, enabling applications such as continuous health monitoring, advanced diagnostics, and augmented reality. While progress in material science has improved the flexibility, softness, and elasticity of these devices for better skin conformity, their optical properties, particularly transparency, remain relatively unexplored. Transparent wearable electronics offer distinct advantages: they allow for non-invasive health monitoring by enabling a clear view of biological systems and improve aesthetics by minimizing the visual presence of electronics on the skin, thereby increasing user acceptance. Hydrogels have emerged as a key material for transparent wearable electronics due to their high water content, excellent biocompatibility, and tunable mechanical and optical properties. Their inherent softness and stretchability allow intimate, stable contact with dynamic biological surfaces. Furthermore, their ability to support ion-based conductivity is advantageous for bioelectronic interfaces and physiological sensors. Current research is focused on advancing hydrogel design to improve transparency, mechanical resilience, conductivity, and adhesion. The core components of transparent wearable systems include physiological sensors, energy storage devices, actuators, and real-time displays. These must collectively balance efficiency, functionality, and long-term durability. Practical applications span continuous health tracking and medical imaging to next-generation interactive displays. Despite progress, challenges such as material durability, scalable manufacturing, and prolonged usability remain. Addressing these limitations will be crucial for the future development of transparent, functional, and user-friendly wearable electronics.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12111672/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

White Spot Lesion Treatment Options: A Systematic Review of Different Techniques for Masking These Lesions. 白斑病变的治疗选择：不同掩盖这些病变的技术的系统回顾。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.3390/gels11050371

Michela Lamorgese, Nélio Veiga, Maria J Correia, Ana T P C Gomes, Sara Lopes, Lígia Lopes-Rocha, Rita Fidalgo-Pereira, Pedro C Lopes

{"title":"White Spot Lesion Treatment Options: A Systematic Review of Different Techniques for Masking These Lesions.","authors":"Michela Lamorgese, Nélio Veiga, Maria J Correia, Ana T P C Gomes, Sara Lopes, Lígia Lopes-Rocha, Rita Fidalgo-Pereira, Pedro C Lopes","doi":"10.3390/gels11050371","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11050371","url":null,"abstract":"White spot lesions (WSLs) are early clinical stages of enamel demineralization, often related to orthodontic treatment or poor oral hygiene. The use of gels such as fluoride for topical application inhibits demineralization and promotes remineralization of dental tissues through various mechanisms. A variety of therapeutic approaches are available; however, recent research indicates that combined treatment strategies may yield superior clinical outcomes compared to monotherapy. The aim of this study was to critically compare the efficacy of combining multiple treatment techniques for WSLs compared to using these techniques alone. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases according to PRISMA guidelines. The PICO strategy was used to formulate the research question: Which clinical approaches combined or isolated (C) influence the treatment and prevention effectiveness (O) of white spot lesions (I) in humans (P) in the last ten years (T)? Inclusion criteria focused on clinical studies from the last ten years evaluating the combined use of at least two treatment techniques for WSL, resulting in a total of 8 randomized controlled trials selected from an initial pool of 1185 articles. Our results suggest that combined treatment strategies, including resin infiltration with fluoride varnish and ozone therapy combined with fluoride application, demonstrated enhanced efficacy in lesion masking and remineralization compared to single-treatment approaches. CPP-ACP and hydroxyapatite-based creams improved aesthetics, particularly when used alongside fluoride varnish. Our study concluded that the combination of remineralization agents like fluoride gel, infiltrative resins, and antimicrobial treatments offers superior outcomes on white spot lesion treatment than using these techniques alone. However, long-term clinical studies are needed to standardize treatment protocols and confirm durability.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12111338/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic Boronate Ester Based Hydrogel with Enhanced Mechanical Properties and Multi-Stimuli-Triggered Release for Tissue Repair and Antioxidant Therapy. 具有增强机械性能和多刺激触发释放的动态硼酸酯基水凝胶用于组织修复和抗氧化治疗。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-05-18 DOI: 10.3390/gels11050370

Fangyi Liu, Gaoyang Li, Zhenhui An, Sijia Wang, Shouhong Xu, Honglai Liu

{"title":"Dynamic Boronate Ester Based Hydrogel with Enhanced Mechanical Properties and Multi-Stimuli-Triggered Release for Tissue Repair and Antioxidant Therapy.","authors":"Fangyi Liu, Gaoyang Li, Zhenhui An, Sijia Wang, Shouhong Xu, Honglai Liu","doi":"10.3390/gels11050370","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11050370","url":null,"abstract":"Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation play pivotal roles in causing impaired tissue regeneration and delaying wound healing processes. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) demonstrates robust anti-inflammatory and antioxidant characteristics, thereby emerging as a highly promising therapeutic substance for tissue repair applications. In order to counteract the pathological characteristics of the wound microenvironment, including increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), low pH (weak acidic conditions), and elevated glucose concentrations, a hydrogel with pH/ROS/glucose-responsive properties was fabricated. This hydrogel was modified with phenylboronic acid (PBA) groups, which not only enhance its mechanical strength but also endow it with multi-stimuli responsiveness via dynamic boronate ester bonds. The impacts of grafting of PBA and loading of EGCG on the rheological and mechanical properties, as well as the network structure of the hydrogels, were systematically investigated. Moreover, in vitro experiments showed that the hydrogel could achieve excellent sustained and controlled release of both small-molecule and macromolecular drugs. Additionally, cell viability tests verified the hydrogel's outstanding biocompatibility, and antioxidant experiments demonstrated its efficient ability to scavenge intracellular ROS. In conclusion, this injectable and biodegradable hydrogel possesses multi-stimuli responsiveness, controllable drug release behavior, and antioxidant capacity, presenting a promising approach to alleviate oxidative damage and promote tissue repair. This study offers valuable perspectives for the design of advanced hydrogel materials aimed at treating wound healing.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12111388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Highly Stretchable, Low Hysteresis, and Transparent Ionogels as Conductors for Dielectric Elastomer Actuators. 高可拉伸、低迟滞和透明离子凝胶作为介电弹性体致动器的导体。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-05-17 DOI: 10.3390/gels11050369

Limei Zhang, Hong Li, Zhiquan Li, Weimin Pan, Yi Men, Niankun Zhang, Jing Xu, Xuewei Liu

{"title":"Highly Stretchable, Low Hysteresis, and Transparent Ionogels as Conductors for Dielectric Elastomer Actuators.","authors":"Limei Zhang, Hong Li, Zhiquan Li, Weimin Pan, Yi Men, Niankun Zhang, Jing Xu, Xuewei Liu","doi":"10.3390/gels11050369","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11050369","url":null,"abstract":"As conductive materials, ionogels have attracted significant attention for their potential applications in flexible wearable electronics. However, preparing an ionogel with mechanical properties akin to human skin while also achieving transparency, adhesion, and low hysteresis through simple processes remains challenging. Here, we introduce a multifunctional ionogel synthesized via a one-step photopolymerization method. By leveraging the good compatibility between the ionic liquid and the polymer network, as well as the hydrogen bonding and chemical crosslinking within the gel network, we achieved an ionogel with high transparency (>98%), stretchability (fracture strain of 19), low hysteresis (<5.83%), strong adhesion, robust mechanical stability, excellent electrical properties, a wide operating temperature range, and a tunable modulus (1-103 kPa) that matches human skin. When used as a conductor in soft actuators, the ionogel enabled a large area strain of 36% and a fast electromechanical conversion time of less than 1 s. The actuator demonstrated good actuation performance with voltage and frequency dependence, electrochemical stability, and outstanding durability over millions of cycles. This study provides a simple and effective method to produce multifunctional ionogels with tailored mechanical properties that match those of human skin, paving the way for their application in flexible wearable electronics.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12111308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the Interactions of Peptide Nucleic Acids with Multicomponent Peptide Hydrogels for the Advancement of Healthcare Technologies. 研究多肽核酸与多组分多肽水凝胶的相互作用，促进医疗保健技术的发展。

IF 5 3区化学

Gels Pub Date : 2025-05-17 DOI: 10.3390/gels11050367

Sabrina Giordano, Monica Terracciano, Enrico Gallo, Carlo Diaferia, Andrea Patrizia Falanga, Antonella Accardo, Monica Franzese, Marco Salvatore, Gennaro Piccialli, Nicola Borbone, Giorgia Oliviero

{"title":"Investigating the Interactions of Peptide Nucleic Acids with Multicomponent Peptide Hydrogels for the Advancement of Healthcare Technologies.","authors":"Sabrina Giordano, Monica Terracciano, Enrico Gallo, Carlo Diaferia, Andrea Patrizia Falanga, Antonella Accardo, Monica Franzese, Marco Salvatore, Gennaro Piccialli, Nicola Borbone, Giorgia Oliviero","doi":"10.3390/gels11050367","DOIUrl":"10.3390/gels11050367","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports the development of peptide-based hydrogels for the encapsulation and controlled release of peptide nucleic acids in drug delivery applications. Ultrashort aromatic peptides, such as Fmoc-FF, self-assemble into biocompatible hydrogels with nanostructured architectures. The functionalization of tripeptides (Fmoc-FFK and Fmoc-FFC) with lysine (K) or cysteine (C) enables electrostatic or covalent interactions with model PNAs engineered with glutamic acid or cysteine residues, respectively. Hydrogels were polymerized in situ in the presence of PNAs, and component ratios were systematically varied to optimize mechanical properties, loading efficiency, and release kinetics. The formulations obtained with a 1/10 ratio of Fmoc-FF(K or C)/Fmoc-FF provided an optimal balance between structural integrity and delivery performance. All hydrogel formulations demonstrated high stiffness (G' > 19,000 Pa), excellent water retention, and minimal swelling under physiological conditions (ΔW < 4%). The release studies over 10 days showed that electrostatic loading enabled faster and higher release (up to 90%), while covalent bonding resulted in slower, sustained delivery (~15%). These findings highlight the tunability of the hydrogel system for diverse therapeutic applications.","PeriodicalId":12506,"journal":{"name":"Gels","volume":"11 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12111274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0