Food Science & Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Nutraceutical Potential of Anthocyanins: A Comprehensive Treatise","authors":"Ahmad Mujtaba Noman,&nbsp;Muhammad Tauseef Sultan,&nbsp;Muhammad Maaz,&nbsp;Aimen Mazhar,&nbsp;Naima Tariq,&nbsp;Muhammad Imran,&nbsp;Muzzamal Hussain,&nbsp;Ahmed Mujtaba,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Abdelgawad,&nbsp;Ehab M. Mostafa,&nbsp;Mohammed M. Ghoneim,&nbsp;Samy Selim,&nbsp;Entessar Al Jbawi","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70164","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Anthocyanins (Anthos; flower and kyanos; blue) are natural coloring compounds from the flavonoids class that include cyanidin, peonidin, delphinidin, malvidin, pelargonidin, and petunidin. Recently, the role of anthocyanins in disease prevention, especially inflammation, diabetes, cancer, neuro-disorders, hepato-renal protective, and immuno-modulation properties has been highlighted. The current review covered the literature on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacological effects of anthocyanins, especially absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). The discussion on molecular mechanisms underlying their therapeutic effects is the limelight of the article. The GLUT1, GLUT3, SGLT1, SMCT1, and SMCT2 are the main carriers involved in the transportation of anthocyanins in the gastrointestinal tract. The anthocyanins exert their anticancer effects by reducing the expression of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-β, COX-2, downregulation of NF-kB, <i>EZH2, MDR1, Akt</i>, and modulation of P13K/AKT and AMPK/mTOR pathways. The reduction in α-amylase and α-glucosidase and improved FFAR1 activity results in antidiabetic effects. The regulation of PGC-1α/NRF2/TFAM, p-PI3K/Akt/GSK3β, and Nrf2/HO-1 prevents neurodegeneration. The anthocyanins impose hepato-renal protective effects via ameliorating NLRP3 inflammasome, inhibiting MDA, GSSG, iNOS, HO-1, ICAM-1, β2-microglobulin, and MPO activity, and improved SOD, CAT, and GSH activity. Anthocyanins promote beneficial gut microbiota and enhance SCFA production, thus inhibiting pro-inflammatory markers. The immuno-modulatory impact of anthocyanins involves the reduction of CRP, P-selectin, C1q, and C4. Anthocyanins reduce LDL, VLDL, TGs, and TC via improved GBA and upregulation of ATP6 V0C, ZO-1, and ATG4D expression. The WHO/FAO suggested that 2.5 mg/kg/day of grape-skin extracts of anthocyanins are safe, and China recommended that 50 mg/day of anthocyanins are safe for consumption. In a nutshell, the multifaceted health benefits of anthocyanins make them promising candidates for disease prevention and therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143904924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ripening Stage and Phenolic Composition Characterization of Fruit from Different Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Cultivars in Australia","authors":"Linghong Shi,&nbsp;Manan Sejpal,&nbsp;Kashif Ghafoor,&nbsp;Claudia Gonzalez Viejo,&nbsp;Sigfredo Augusto Fuentes Jara,&nbsp;Farhad Ahmadi,&nbsp;Hafiz A. R. Suleria","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70221","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We analyzed the antioxidant potential and composition of phenolic compounds in six Australian date palm cultivars (Mejhoul, Barhee, Deglet nour, Thoory, Halawi, and Khadrawy) at three ripening stages: <i>Kimri</i>, <i>Khalal</i>, and <i>Tamar</i>. Total phenolic content in date fruits at the <i>Kimri</i> stage ranged from 19.7 to 117.5 mg GAE/g, significantly exceeding that of the <i>Khalal</i> (1.22–24.4 mg GAE/g) and the <i>Tamar</i> stages (0.47–8.72 mg GAE/g). Date fruits at the <i>Kimri</i> stage had higher antioxidant potential quantified in assays such as DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, RAP, FICA, and TAC compared to those at the <i>Khalal</i> and <i>Tamar</i> stages. The LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS analysis identified 28 phenolic compounds, categorized as 4 phenolic acids, 17 flavonoids, and 7 other phenolic compounds. Quantitative analysis using LC-DAD suggested cultivar-specific variations in the phenolic profile, with the Khadrawy cultivar having the highest quercetin content during the <i>Kimri</i> stage. At the <i>Khalal</i> ripening stage, Thoory and Mejhoul cultivars had higher quercetin and procyanidin A2 concentrations, respectively. At the <i>Tamar</i> stage, the Deglet nour cultivar had higher concentrations of procyanidin A2, gallic acid, and caffeic acid as compared to other date cultivars. Our findings indicate that the phenolic content decreases as date fruit matures from the <i>Kimri</i> to <i>Tamar</i> stage, with significant variations in phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity across different cultivars.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70221","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Lightweight Framework for Protected Vegetable Disease Detection in Complex Scenes","authors":"Jun Liu,&nbsp;Xuewei Wang,&nbsp;Qian Chen","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70200","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rapid development of computer vision technology has provided new technical support for smart agriculture. Vegetable diseases represent a significant threat to agricultural production, with severity that cannot be ignored. However, through scientifically effective prevention and control measures, these negative impacts can be significantly mitigated. Intelligent disease detection systems, as advanced methods replacing traditional manual inspection, have become important means for developing smart agriculture and improving the efficiency of vegetable production management. Nevertheless, traditional manual detection is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive but also faces accuracy limitations, while existing computer vision detection methods still encounter a series of challenges when confronting complex backgrounds, diverse disease manifestations, and varying degrees of occlusion in real cultivation environments, including insufficient anti-interference capabilities, limited detection precision, and suboptimal real-time performance. This research addresses the practical challenges of limited data acquisition and sample scarcity for protected vegetable diseases by proposing an innovative strategy that implements differentiated data augmentation technique combinations for different categories of samples, significantly enhancing the model's resistance to environmental interference. Based on the integrated concepts of machine vision and deep learning, we developed a lightweight vegetable disease detection network named VegetableDet. This network innovatively combines Deformable Attention Transformer (DAT) with YOLOv8n backbone architecture, enhancing perception capabilities for long-range feature dependencies. Simultaneously, a Channel-Spatial Adaptive Attention Mechanism (CSAAM) is integrated into the Neck network, achieving precise localization and enhancement of key features. To address the issue of low model convergence efficiency, we further designed a hierarchical progressive transfer learning training strategy, effectively accelerating the model adaptation process and improving detection accuracy. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that on our custom comprehensive protected vegetable disease dataset, the VegetableDet model exhibits excellent performance in detecting 30 diseases and healthy samples across 5 vegetable types, with precision (P), recall (R), and average precision (AP) all exceeding 90%, and an overall mean Average Precision (mAP) reaching 94.31%. The model demonstrates powerful adaptability under complex environmental conditions, providing reliable technical support for real-time monitoring and precise prevention and control of protected vegetable diseases, with broad application prospects.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70200","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143901053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Evaluation of Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, and Anticholinergic Properties of Different Parts of Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) From the Eastern Black Sea Region, With LC/MS–MS Analysis of Their Chemical Composition in Food Applications","authors":"Hafize Yuca,&nbsp;Beyzanur Ayar,&nbsp;Bilge Aydın,&nbsp;Furkan Çoban,&nbsp;Songül Karakaya","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70249","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diabetes, the most prevalent metabolic disorder, is closely linked to Alzheimer's disease, with DM patients showing a two-fold increased risk of developing AD. Bilberry (<i>Vaccinium myrtillus</i> L.) is a prominent wild berry, widely used in juice and food production. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the phytochemical composition and biological activities of different parts of wild <i>V. myrtillus</i> plants, including branches, leaves, and fruits. Using LC–MS/MS, the study quantifies total phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins in each part. Biological activities are assessed through antioxidant activity (ABTS and DPPH assays), anticholinesterase (neuroprotective potential), and antidiabetic effects. The experiments revealed that the Leaf of Yer Ligarba (YLL) extract had the highest values in terms of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and total tannin content. Among the extracts, the highest radical scavenging effect was observed with YLL at 86.67% against DPPH. The leaf extracts, Leaf of Dal Ligarba (DLL) and YLL, demonstrated the highest scavenging effects, with inhibition rates of 99.37% and 99.37%, respectively. At one of the common concentrations, 100 μg/mL, acarbose showed 13.12% inhibition, while the Branch of Dal Ligarba (DLB) extract exhibited 98.67% <i>α</i>-glucosidase enzyme inhibition. The highest acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase enzyme inhibition activities were observed in the Branch of Yer Ligarba (YLB; 27.08%) and the Fruit of Dal Ligarba (DLF; 16%), respectively. Chlorogenic acid was the most abundant phenolic compound, particularly in the DLL 58,569.80 ng/mL. This study highlighted the significant phytochemical content and biological activities of wild bilberry extracts, demonstrating their potential for managing diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer's.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70249","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143901071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Assessment of Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) and Chia Seed (Salvia hispanica L.) in Modulating Fecal Microbiota Composition and Function In Vitro","authors":"Seda Arioglu-Tuncil","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70243","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Flaxseed (<i>Linum usitatissimum</i> L.) and chia seed (<i>Salvia hispanica</i> L.) have become increasingly popular in the design of various functional food products. However, information on their functional properties is scarce. The aim of this study is to comparatively evaluate the effects of the dietary fibers (DFs) of flaxseed and chia seed on colonic microbiota composition and metabolic outputs. The neutral and acidic monosaccharide compositions of DFs of flaxseed and chia seed were determined using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and spectrophotometer, respectively. Next, in vitro fecal fermentation assays were applied, and samples were collected at different time points for short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) measurements using GC, and fecal microbiota changes before and after fermentation were evaluated through 16S rRNA sequencing. The results revealed that DFs of flaxseed were dominated by xylose and uronic acid moieties, while that of chia seed was dominated by glucose units, indicating that their DFs are structurally different. Higher SCFA generations were observed in the case of flaxseed, suggesting that flaxseed DFs are more readily fermentable by gut microbiota. Flaxseed and chia seed DFs differentially impacted the microbiota compositions at the OTU level; for example, significant increases in the relative abundances of <i>Acidaminococcaceae</i> and <i>Bacteroides stercoris</i> related OTUs, which are known to be propionate producers, were observed in the case of flaxseed, but not chia seed. Interestingly, flaxseed, but not chia seed, DFs suppressed the growth of some pathogenic bacteria. Overall, this study suggests that the functionality of flaxseed and chia seed DFs in relation to colonic microbiota may differ, with flaxseed being more readily fermented and potentially promoting beneficial microbes to a greater extent. Thus, flaxseed could hold promise for developing functional food recipes aimed at supporting colonic health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70243","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143901052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthocyanins: From Natural Colorants to Potent Anticancer Agents","authors":"Muhammad Maaz,&nbsp;Muhammad Tauseef Sultan,&nbsp;Ahmad Mujtaba Noman,&nbsp;Shehnshah Zafar,&nbsp;Naima Tariq,&nbsp;Muzzamal Hussain,&nbsp;Muhammad Imran,&nbsp;Ahmed Mujtaba,&nbsp;Tadesse Fenta Yehuala,&nbsp;Ehab M. Mostafa,&nbsp;Samy Selim,&nbsp;Soad K. Al Jaouni,&nbsp;Suliman A. Alsagaby,&nbsp;Waleed Al Abdulmonem","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70232","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cancer is a prevalent global disease affecting ~20 million individuals, and this burden causes the death of ~9.7 million people in 2024. The prevalence rate is continuously increasing due to exposure to harmful environmental and occupational contaminants (toxins and chemicals), compromised immune response, genetic modifications, and poor lifestyle and dietary practices. The management of cancer is challenging and demands cost-effective and safe therapeutic strategies. This review accentuates the anticancer potential of anthocyanins and its associated underlying mechanism. Anthocyanins, the active components extracted from grapes, berries, black chokeberries, eggplants, black currants, sweet cherries, strawberries, black grapes, plums, and red onions, hold antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. The bioavailability of anthocyanins is a crucial factor in imposing their anticancer effect, and this bioavailability can be improved by microbial phenolic catabolites, provision of α-casein, and nano delivery systems. Anthocyanins hinder cell migration, invasion, and proliferation by inducing apoptosis, suppressing cell cycle at G0/G1, S, or G2/M stages, and modulating signaling pathways such as apoptotic cascades, PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and NF-κB. Moreover, anthocyanins downregulate oncogenes (<i>Bcl-2</i>, <i>MYC</i>, and <i>HER2</i>) and improve the activity of tumor suppressor genes (<i>TP53</i>, <i>BRCA1</i>, and <i>RB1</i>). Anthocyanins, particularly cyanidin-3-<i>O</i>-glucoside, suppress inflammation and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-6) in colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. Moreover, it causes cell cycle inhibition and mitochondrial dysfunction in ovarian and cervical malignancies. Although pre-clinical studies have proved anticancer activities, further clinical trials are required to validate its therapeutic impact and standard dose regimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70232","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering Causal Links Between Dietary Habits and Cardiovascular Diseases","authors":"Shaoyu He,&nbsp;Huai Wen,&nbsp;Yicheng Fu,&nbsp;Cheng Chen,&nbsp;Mengchang Xu,&nbsp;Manling Zhang,&nbsp;Mingyi Zhao,&nbsp;Shangping Zhao","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70229","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dietary modification plays a crucial role in preventing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), but evidence linking specific diets to stroke and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is limited. This study investigates causal relationships between defined dietary exposures (e.g., fruit/vegetable intake, muesil consumption) and CVD outcomes, while evaluating the potential mediating role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). We employed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using genetic data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in the UK Biobank and IEU database, validated with FinnGen data, to examine causal relationships between 83 dietary habits and CVD. Additionally, a meta-analysis was conducted using studies from PubMed and Web of Science to assess diet-stroke associations. Random-effects models were applied to estimate pooled relative risks (RR), with sensitivity analyses for robustness. MR identified eight significant diet-AMI and eighteen diet-stroke associations, but HDL-C did not mediate the diet-stroke relationship. The meta-analysis of 50 studies confirmed a link between specific diets and stroke risk. This study confirms associations between specific dietary factors and stroke/AMI, though HDL-C's role in AMI is unclear. These results reinforce the importance of targeted dietary modifications in primary prevention, and further research is needed to clarify underlying mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70229","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Role of Dietary Antioxidants During Skin Aging","authors":"Nicla Tranchida,&nbsp;Francesco Molinari,&nbsp;Gianluca Antonio Franco,&nbsp;Marika Cordaro,&nbsp;Rosanna Di Paola","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70231","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The skin is the largest organ of the human body in contact with the outside world. Different are its functions: body temperature regulation, mechanical barrier, coating, and sensory activity are just to name a few. Like any other part of the human organism, it too undergoes the phenomenon of aging, a complex biological process classified as chronological aging. Although this is a natural and inevitable physiological process, certain external factors have been shown to have an important impact. One of these, much discussed in recent years, is diet. The relevance of diet to the clinical features of skin aging, particularly the biochemical and histological changes that occur in it, is now well established. Lately, there has been a growing focus on which foods can be considered skin-friendly and which cannot. Açai berries, <i>Moringa oleifera</i>, and spirulina are just some of the emerging nutrients that counteract skin aging because of their potent antioxidant properties. Conversely, foods high in trans-fatty acids, refined sugars are related to accelerated skin aging as they are associated with the production of advanced glycation end products. Due to the interest generated in recent years on the subject, a subspecialty of anti-aging medicine called “nutricosmetics” has even emerged. This review aims to highlight the studies emerging in the last five years regarding what can be considered “skin-friendly” foods in contrast to what can be considered “skin-unfriendly” habits, taking into consideration studies regarding the innovations recently developed in terms of nutrients and skin aging strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70231","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The FODMAP-Reducing Potential of Sourdough-Derived Lactobacillus Strains From the Marmara Region of Turkey","authors":"Ozen Sokmen,&nbsp;Ayşe Neslihan Dundar,&nbsp;Ufuk Bagci,&nbsp;Sine Özmen Togay,&nbsp;Oya Irmak Sahin,&nbsp;Furkan Turker Saricaoglu","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70241","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the microbial diversity and FODMAP content of sourdough samples from Turkey's Marmara Region, collected in summer and winter. The primary objective was to identify lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains capable of reducing FODMAP levels, which are associated with digestive disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The research was conducted in stages; in the first stage, sourdough samples were collected in different seasons and their FODMAP and fructan values were analyzed. In the second stage of the study, LAB strains were isolated from the sourdoughs with the lowest FODMAP and fructan levels, and new sourdough samples were prepared. A comprehensive analytical approach was undertaken, including FODMAP and fructan levels, fermentation characteristics, isolate identification, and chemical analysis of the samples. Among the tested samples, Balıkesir-1Y-1 significantly reduced fructan content by 48%, while Tejirdağ-1 K-2 and Edirne 1 K-2 exhibited the highest FODMAP reduction rates of approximately 64%. Additionally, Edirne-1 K-2 showed the strongest acidification potential, with 3.76 ± 0.01 pH and 1.20% ± 0.08% total titratable acidity, comparable with the control group. Seasonal variations significantly influenced microbial activity, with summer isolates demonstrating an enhanced enzymatic efficiency in FODMAP metabolism. The results highlight the potential of sourdough fermentation using targeted LAB strains to produce low-FODMAP foods that maintain high sensory and nutritional quality. This study highlights the significance of optimizing fermentation processes through targeted microbial selection and controlled conditions to achieve desirable nutritional and sensory attributes with dietary sensitivities.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70241","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic and Metabolomic Analysis of the Neuroprotective Effects of Lycium Ruthenicum Polyphenols in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Mice","authors":"Qi Tian,&nbsp;Hongdou Cao,&nbsp;Liwen Chu,&nbsp;Hua Gao,&nbsp;Qinghan Gao","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Lycium ruthenicum</i> polyphenols (LRP) have been proven to be anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective phytochemicals. This study applies proteomics and metabolomics to LRP-treated db/db mice to explore its potential effects mechanism. The experiments were divided into three groups: normal control db/m group, diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) db/db group, and LRP-treated db/db group. We examined physiological and biochemical indicators, behavioral indicators, and histopathology. As for the mechanism, we used TMT-based quantification proteomics and LC–MS/MS-based metabolomics for sciatic nerve and serum. After 8 weeks of treatment, the fasting blood glucose level, mechanical withdrawal threshold, and thermal hyperalgesia were significantly improved. Pathological examination showed a significant alleviation in sciatic nerve histomorphology in the LRP group. Proteomics and metabolomics showed that the interventional effects of LRP were enriched mainly in oxidative phosphorylation, cardiac muscle contraction, and serum metabolites were enriched mainly in amino acid metabolism. LRP improves neurological function by improving mitochondrial functions, promoting neuronal development, and ameliorating dysregulation of amino acid metabolism. These results provide theoretical evidence for LRP as a potential functional food ingredient for the prevention and treatment of DPN.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143897204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}