Food Science & Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Resveratrol for Cancer Radio-Sensitization: Ready for Prime Time or Future Perspective.","authors":"Maryam Fallah, Ali Soleimani, Ali Nouri, Melika Fallah, Alireza Haghighi, Ahmad Reza Dehpour, Abolfazl Zendehdel, Soraiya Ebrahimpour-Koujan","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.71579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.71579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Resveratrol, a flavonoid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, shows therapeutic potential in metabolic, neurological, cardiovascular, viral, allergic, and inflammatory diseases. Preclinical studies demonstrate its mechanisms, including modulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways, while clinical trials suggest benefits in anti-cancer and cardioprotective applications. Resveratrol modulates inflammatory and survival pathways by inhibiting ROS production and suppressing NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling through the prevention of key phosphorylation and nuclear translocation events. Concurrently, it affects metabolic signaling via AMPK-dependent inhibition of mTOR, leading to altered transcriptional activity. However, inconsistent clinical outcomes and potential side effects, such as gastrointestinal discomfort (e.g., nausea, diarrhea) and drug interactions at high doses, highlight significant limitations. This study reviews clinical data on the effects of resveratrol on disease-specific biomarkers, emphasizing its potential as an adjunct in cancer radiotherapy. The variability in efficacy and safety underscores the need for well-designed clinical trials to validate therapeutic benefits and assess risks. To address these gaps, we propose a comprehensive framework for future research, incorporating standardized methodologies, optimized dosing regimens, and rigorous safety evaluations. This framework aims to clarify resveratrol's efficacy, address its safety concerns, and facilitate its clinical application. By providing a structured roadmap for future investigations, this study seeks to balance the understanding of resveratrol's therapeutic potential with its limitations, paving the way for evidence-based clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 ","pages":"e71579"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13147216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pachymic Acid Alleviates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via FGF21-Mediated Inhibition of the p38 MAPK Pathway.","authors":"Lijuan Nie, Dehong Ma, Xinke Deng, Aga Erbu, Fanli Wang, Wenshuo Shi, Zixuan Li, Huantian Cui, Weibo Wen","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.71855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.71855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by the accumulation of fat in the liver (hepatic steatosis). Pachymic acid (PAC) has demonstrated potential in alleviating hepatic steatosis in NAFLD. However, the molecular mechanisms by which PAC exerts its effects on NAFLD remain unclear. This study aims to elucidate the molecular pathways through which PAC mitigates hepatic steatosis in NAFLD. A free fatty acid (FFA)-induced hepatic steatosis model was established to assess the regulatory effects of PAC on lipid metabolism. Transcriptome sequencing was performed to explore how PAC influences gene expression in the steatotic HepG2 cells. To confirm the mechanistic role of PAC in hepatic steatosis, we inhibited FGF21 expression in HepG2 cells using nAbFGF21. Finally, a NAFLD mouse model inducted with a high-fat diet (HFD) was established to further examine PAC's therapeutic effects and underlying pharmacological mechanisms in the context of NAFLD. Research findings showed that PAC treatment significantly reduced lipid accumulation and mitigated cellular damage. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a marked enrichment of the MAPK signaling pathway. Further assays confirmed that PAC increased FGF21 and FGFR1 levels in FFA-induced HepG2 cells and reduced the phosphorylation of p38MAPK. Importantly, FGF21 emerged as a critical mediator of PAC's pharmacological effects, as neutralizing FGF21 diminished PAC's ability to inhibit p38MAPK activation. In vivo experiments corroborated PAC's therapeutic effects, showing improvements in lipid metabolism and liver injury in NAFLD. Overall, PAC alleviates hepatic steatosis in NAFLD by enhancing FGF21 expression, activating the FGF21/FGFR1 signaling axis, and inhibiting p38MAPK activation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 5","pages":"e71855"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13144552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacological Evaluation of Methanolic Fruit Extract of <i>Lannea coromandelica</i>: Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Antidiabetic, Antibacterial, Anti-Inflammatory, and Sedative Activities.","authors":"Priota Islam Meem, Zobayed Islam, Nazmul Hasan Eshaque, Md Jahirul Islam Mamun, Khurram Murad Mojidee, Mohammad Badrudduja, Amit Kumar Dam, S M Moazzem Hossen","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.71858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.71858","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Lannea coromandelica</i> (Anacardiaceae) has been traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat various ailments. However, its pharmacological potential remains largely unverified. This study investigates the methanolic fruit extract of <i>L. coromandelica</i> (ME) through in vitro, in vivo, in silico, and GC-MS analyses to validate its traditional uses. The extract was assessed for its total phenolic and flavonoid content, and phytoconstituents were identified using GC-MS profiling. Antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH and ABTS assays, while cytotoxicity was evaluated using brine shrimp lethality and HeLa cell viability assays. Antidiabetic activity was assessed by α-amylase inhibition, antibacterial properties were tested by agar well diffusion, and anti-inflammatory and sedative effects were evaluated in Swiss albino mice using carrageenan-induced paw edema and behavioral tests. Molecular docking studies targeted SUR-1, DNA gyrase B, caspase-3, COX-2, and the GABA-A receptor. ME exhibited significant phenolic (35 ± 1.03 mg/g) and flavonoid (11.57 ± 0.37 mg/g) content, with GC-MS analysis identifying phenolics, terpenoids, and fatty acid derivatives. The extract demonstrated strong antioxidant (IC₅₀: 31.49 and 48.94 μg/mL), cytotoxic (LC₅₀: 36.22 μg/mL; < 5% HeLa survival), and α-amylase inhibitory (IC₅₀: 93.09 μg/mL) activities. It also showed broad-spectrum antibacterial effects, excellent anti-inflammatory activity, and significant sedative effects (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Molecular docking revealed strong ligand-target interactions. These results support the pharmacological potential of ME, validating its traditional uses and suggesting its promise for developing therapies targeting inflammation, infection, metabolic, and neurological diseases. Further preclinical and clinical studies are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 5","pages":"e71858"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13144554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Key Determinants for Perceived Sweetness and Sourness in Fresh Grapes.","authors":"Yingjian Cai, Lingling Hu, Liufei Huang, Qianqian Zheng, Yi Qin, Yueyan Wu, Zhongyi Yang","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.71824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.71824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The perception of sweetness and sourness is a critical sensory indicator of the sensory quality of table grapes. This study comprehensively analyzed the relationships between traditional physicochemical evaluation metrics (soluble solids content, SSC; titratable acidity, TAC; and their ratio, RTT) and the perceived sweetness and perceived sourness assessed by a trained sensory panel across 42 grape varieties. Our findings reveal significant discrepancies between these traditional metrics and the perceived sweetness and sourness, indicating limitations in their accuracy for precisely characterizing the sensory experience. To achieve a more accurate description of grape perceived sweetness and sourness, we employed high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to quantify the individual sugar and acid components within the grape juice from these 42 cultivars. Subsequently, we integrated correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) for dimensionality reduction to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the sensory attributes. Ultimately, we identified tartaric acid and fructose contents as reliable key indicators for representing perceived sweetness and sourness, and the overall sensory quality of table grapes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 5","pages":"e71824"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13144547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of Phospholipids From Crude Rapeseed Oil by <i>n</i>-Hexane/Alcohol System: Effects of Solvent Composition on Extraction Performance and Oil Quality.","authors":"Fangcheng Shao, Jun Jin, Yihang Zhang, Lulu Yang, Xiuzhu Yu, Siyu Zhang","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.71866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.71866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rapeseed oil contains endogenous phospholipids (PLs) and other minor bioactive components, but conventional PL extraction methods commonly rely on chloroform-based solvent systems that are unfavorable for green and food-related applications. In this study, <i>n</i>-hexane/methanol and <i>n</i>-hexane/ethanol extraction systems were evaluated as alternatives to the conventional Folch procedure for PL extraction from crude rapeseed oil. The effects of solvent type and water content on degumming performance, PL subclass composition, oil quality, and structural characteristics of the recovered PLs were systematically investigated. Compared with the Folch procedure, the <i>n</i>-hexane/ethanol systems showed significantly improved PL extraction efficiency while maintaining high PL purity. Among the tested conditions, <i>n</i>-hexane/ethanol (1:1, v/v) containing 7% water (HE7) gave the best overall performance, yielding 91.18% PLs with 96.54% purity, 90.18% oil recovery, and an undetectable phosphorus content. Compositional analysis showed that the recovered PL fractions were mainly composed of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), although the subclass distribution varied with the extraction system. FTIR, polarized light microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy confirmed that structurally intact PL-rich fractions were obtained and that their microstructure depended on extraction conditions. Degumming substantially reduced acid value, but also altered oxidative stability and the retention of endogenous minor components in the oil phase. Correlation and hierarchical clustering analyses further identified HE7 as the most balanced green extraction condition. HE7 represents a promising and more sustainable alternative to the conventional Folch procedure for PL recovery from crude rapeseed oil.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 ","pages":"e71866"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139722/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the Hepatoprotective Potential of <i>Cyperus rotundus</i> Through Edible Vinegar Processing: A Study on Functional Ingredient Enhancement.","authors":"Gao Jia-He, Lin Li-Ting, Liu Yue-Han, Wang Fu-Chao, Liu Jun-Tong, Gao Tian-Hui","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.71850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.71850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Cyperus rotundus</i> L. (CR), a globally pervasive weed with dual agricultural and medicinal significance, undergoes vinegar-processed (VCR) to enhance its hepatoprotective properties. This study investigated the phytochemical and functional changes induced by vinegar processing and elucidated the role of α-cyperone, a key bioactive sesquiterpene, in modulating gut-liver axis homeostasis. UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS and HPLC analyses revealed a significant increase in α-cyperone content post-vinegar processing. In thioacetamide-induced acute and chronic liver injury models, VCR significantly outperformed CR in reducing serum ALT and AST, hepatic TNF-α and IL-6, and oxidative stress, while restoring gut barrier integrity via up-regulation of ZO-1 and occludin. Molecular docking supported α-cyperone's high-affinity binding to the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, corroborated by western blot and immunofluorescence. Gut microbiota analysis demonstrated VCR's capacity to reverse dysbiosis, notably enriching Bacteroidetes and improving microbial diversity. These findings highlight edible vinegar processing as a sustainable strategy to transform agricultural waste into a functional food-grade intervention for liver health, mediated by α-cyperone-driven modulation of the gut-liver axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 5","pages":"e71850"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation of Gluten-Free Biscuits Based on Tiger Nut, Dana, and Mixture of Avocado and Margarine: Nutritional Composition and Glycemic Index of Optimal Sample.","authors":"Ghislain Maffo Tazoho, Booh'boo Tchassi, Donald Sévérin Dangang Bossi, Stephano Tambo Tene, Hilaire Macaire Womeni, Inocent Gouado","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.71852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.71852","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this work was to develop a low-glycemic-index, gluten-free biscuit by completely replacing wheat flour with flours from three local food plants, namely dana (<i>Dioscorea bulbifera</i>), tiger nut (<i>Cyperus esculentus</i>), and a fatty composition consisting of a 50/50 blend of avocado (<i>Persea americana</i>) and margarine. Using an extreme summit mixture design, nine formulation trials (M1 to M9) were conducted on which the nutritional, functional, and antinutritional properties were assessed. The same design was used to define the optimal formulation according to nutritional composition and sensory appeal. This optimal formulation was characterized as previously described and its glycemic load was also determined using standardized protocols. These analyses showed that the nine mixtures (M1 to M9) obtained had fiber, starch, and reducing sugar content ranging from 10.4% to 14.3%, 13.32% to 29.49%, and 1.26% to 2.98%, respectively. Analysis of the optimal biscuit with a ratio of 58.40/25/16.6 for tiger nut, dana, and fat showed that the fiber content and energy value were 18.95 g/100 g and 449.86 kcal/100 g, respectively. The oil to water absorption capacity ratio was 1.13 ± 0.37 with a pH of 6.49 ± 0.01. The glycemic index of the biscuit was 53.81 ± 5.48 with a glycemic load of 3.4 ± 0.56. In conclusion, the formulated biscuit exhibits favorable nutritional characteristics and a low glycemic index making it a promising future alternative as a snack for people at risk of diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 5","pages":"e71852"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13136602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Extract of <i>Rosa roxburghii</i> Tratt Alleviates Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice via Gut Microbiota-Amino Acid Metabolism and JAK2/STAT3 Inhibition.","authors":"Ting Zhou, Heting Zhou, Xinyue Zheng, Xiaomeng Wang, Tao Chen, Xingjie Li, Liqun Wang, Shouqian Li, Yongmei Xie, Lijun Peng, Wenya Yin","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.71857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.71857","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is an irreversible chronic lung disease in which dysregulation of tissue repair leads to excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). <i>Rosa roxburghii</i> Tratt (RRT), which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, exhibits the potential to attenuate organ fibrosis. In this study, we evaluated the bioactive content and antioxidant capacity of different polar extracts of RRT (RRTEs), and explored the multi-target mechanism of the optimal extract in alleviating PF. The ethyl acetate extract of RRT (EAE) exhibited the highest bioactive content and the strongest antioxidant capacity. EAE intervention reshaped the gut microbiota composition in PF mice by enriching beneficial bacteria and reducing pathogenic taxa. Metabolomic analysis identified 11 potential serum biomarkers associated with PF, which were involved in 7 metabolic pathways. Notably, EAE attenuated the disruption of L-tryptophan metabolism, primarily through modulation of serotonin. Moreover, EAE was found to alleviate epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inhibit inflammatory cytokine via the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. In conclusion, EAE may exert anti-PF effects associated with the structure of the gut microbiota, correction of amino acid metabolic disorders (notably tryptophan metabolism) and modulating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in the lung. These findings provide new insights into the therapeutic potential of EAE against PF.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 5","pages":"e71857"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13136511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food Structure Modulation of Antioxidant Bioaccessibility and Gut Epithelial Protection: The Case of Bread and Pasta Made With Pigmented Wheat.","authors":"Giulia Feliziani, Marianna Tagliasco, Xinying Suo, Nicoletta Pellegrini, Elena Vittadini, Laura Bordoni, Rosita Gabbianelli","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.71863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.71863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Food structure is expected to play an important role in modulating nutrient bioavailability and antioxidant activity in cereal-based foods. This study examined how semolina type [pigmented grains (Grano Mischio, GM) vs. traditional wheat (Senatore Cappelli, SC)] and the food matrix (bread vs. pasta) influence product quality, in vitro starch digestibility, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal barrier integrity of Caco-2 cells. GM-bread had lower specific volume and was harder than SC-bread, while GM-pasta showed significantly higher starch digestibility compared to SC-pasta, probably due to polyphenol-induced structure weakening. Antioxidant activity, measured by ORAC, DPPH, and ABTS assays, varied by matrix and method, with GM-pasta exhibiting higher radical scavenging capacity than GM-bread in the DPPH and ABTS assays. Caco-2 cells treated with digested GM-pasta showed increased viability, enhanced transepithelial electrical resistance, and reduced inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-11, NF-κB) under pro-inflammatory conditions. Overall, pigmented wheat products, particularly pasta, retain antioxidant properties upon digestion. These findings provide evidence that food processing can modulate the biological properties of raw cereal materials, laying a promising foundation for the rational design of functional foods that leverage matrix architecture to optimize the release and efficacy of bioactive compounds during digestion.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 5","pages":"e71863"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13136512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solvent-Dependent Biological Activities of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts From Edible Insect Larvae.","authors":"Min-Cheol Kang, Seung Tae Im, Tae-Kyung Kim, Min Kyung Park, Hae In Yong, Ginnae Ahn, Eui Jeong Han, Ji-Yoon Cha, Kyung-Mo Song, Yun-Sang Choi","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.71848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.71848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing demand for sustainable protein sources has intensified interest in edible insects as potential multifunctional food ingredients. In this study, we investigated whether solvent-dependent extraction influences the biological activities of edible insect larval extracts. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts prepared from the larvae of <i>Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis</i> (PBS), <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> (TM), and <i>Allomyrina dichotoma</i> (AD) were evaluated using multiple in vitro models. The aqueous extracts of AD and PBS exhibited strong antioxidant activity in HepG2 hepatocytes and human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells. Most extracts suppressed nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, indicating anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, all larval extracts inhibited β-hexosaminidase release in IgE/BSA-stimulated mast cells, suggesting anti-allergic potential. The protein-rich aqueous and ethanolic extracts showed relatively stronger angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity, whereas polyphenol-rich ethanolic extracts more effectively reduced lipid accumulation in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. These findings highlight solvent-dependent functional activity profiles of edible insect larval extracts and support their potential as sustainable sources of bioactive ingredients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 ","pages":"e71848"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13136604/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147835576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}