Food Science & Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Alterations in Human Milk Adiponectin, Leptin, Resistin, and microRNAs in Mothers With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Compared With Healthy Controls: A Systematic Review and Network-Based Analysis.","authors":"Zhijun Zhang, Maryam Davoudi, Amirreza Ghafourian, Parmida Dehghan, Mojde Ahmadi, Seyed Mohammad Ayyoubzadeh, Xiaolei Miao, Hamid Choobineh, Reza Afrisham","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.72256","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fsn3.72256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is linked to poor infant metabolic outcomes, potentially via altered human milk (HM) hormones and microRNAs. Since their specific roles remain unclear, this study synthesizes current evidence on HM adipose tissue-derived hormones (particularly adiponectin, leptin, and resistin) and microRNA modifications during gestational diabetes. Firstly, a systematic review following PRISMA 2020 guidelines was conducted (PROSPERO: CRD42024612813). Searches in major databases identified studies comparing HM adiponectin, leptin, or resistin concentrations and/or miRNA profiles between GDM and normoglycemic mothers. Secondly, bioinformatics analysis using miRWalk 3.0, functional enrichment, and network topology mapping examined miRNA interactions with <i>ADIPOQ, LEP</i>, and <i>RETN</i> genes. Twelve studies were included. Adiponectin showed the most consistent GDM-associated reductions, though findings were context-dependent. Leptin was primarily associated with maternal adiposity rather than GDM status. Resistin evidence was insufficient. Three miRNA studies revealed stage-dependent dysregulation in GDM, with <i>miR-148a, miR-30b, let-7a</i>, and <i>let-7d</i> linked to infant growth outcomes during the first 6 months. Bioinformatics identified <i>miR-148a-5p</i> and <i>miR-30b-3p</i> as targeting all three adipokine genes, with enrichment in glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance pathways. Network analysis highlighted <i>TCF7L2, INSR, GCK</i>, and <i>HNF1A</i> as central nodes. GDM is associated with selective alterations in HM adipokines and miRNAs, with adiponectin and specific miRNAs showing the strongest signals. These findings support a conceptual model where GDM shapes HM's molecular composition through interacting endocrine and posttranscriptional mechanisms, potentially influencing infant metabolic programming. Larger longitudinal studies are needed to validate these observations and determine clinical relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 9","pages":"e72256"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13528237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Frozen Storage Stability and Nutritional Quality of Barhi Dates Using Okra Extract and Gelatin-Based Edible Coatings Combined With Different Packaging Systems.","authors":"Khalid N Asal, Raghad Adnan Ali Al-Qady, Kamil Atya Abed Sanjari, Kh A S Al-Hamdani, Zayad Amer Mustafaa, Heidar Meftahizade","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.72306","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fsn3.72306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study evaluated the effects of edible coatings based on okra extract and gelatin, combined with different packaging systems, on the physicochemical quality and nutritional characteristics of Barhi date fruits during frozen storage at -18°C. A factorial experiment consisting of five coating treatments (uncoated, okra extract 25 and 50 g L^-1 and gelatin 50 and 100 g L^-1) and three types of packaging (control, paper bags, polyethylene bags) was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications. Fruits treated with polyethylene packaging containing 100 g L^-1 gelatin showed the highest pH (5.83) and the highest total soluble solids (TSS, 45.3%+) compared to the control. The dry matter and carbohydrate contents were highest in fruits treated with 100 g L^-1 gelatin (53.3% and 15.66%, respectively); this indicated a slower rate of respiration and sugar depletion. The protein content increased from all treatments, reaching 7.92% in fruits treated with 50 g L^-1 okra extract, while sugar levels were maintained in two fruits treated with either 100 g L^-1 gelatin (55.42%) or 50 g L^-1 okra extract with polyethylene packaging (54.7%). Importantly, with the treatment of okra extract at 50 g L^-1, contents of nitrogen and phosphorus were increased by 42.8% and 14.3%, respectively. Overall, the combined application of edible coatings and polyethylene packaging effectively maintained several quality attributes of Barhi dates during frozen storage.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 9","pages":"e72306"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13530378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Dairy Product Enriched With Oleaster Flour: A Novel Gluten-Free Functional Pudding.","authors":"İrem Uzunsoy, Fundagül Erem, Elif Ayşe Anli","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.72282","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fsn3.72282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to characterize the physicochemical, textural, microbiological, bioactive, and sensory properties of milk-based puddings enriched with oleaster flour derived from different parts of the oleaster fruit. Oleaster flesh flour (OFF) and oleaster peel flour (OPF) were added to the puddings at a concentration of 5%, and 1% of sodium alginate was used as a gelling agent. Two control puddings prepared without (C1) and with (C2) sodium alginate, and OFF-containing (OF) and OPF-containing (OP) puddings were analyzed on the first and tenth days of cold storage. Results showed that adding OFF and OPF slightly increased the pH, titratable acidity, and ash content of puddings, while significantly decreasing the syneresis. OF and OP had approximately 3-fold higher total dietary fiber content compared to C1 (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Color parameters indicated that puddings became darker, redder, and less yellow with oleaster flour. Oleaster-enriched puddings were firmer and had higher consistency, cohesiveness, and viscosity index values compared to controls. OFF was found to be more effective in increasing the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of puddings, showing 1.48- and 4.54-fold higher values than C1, respectively. Protocatechuic, chlorogenic, and vanillic acids were identified as the dominant phenolics in oleaster-enriched puddings. No mold or yeast growth was observed in the puddings. Total mesophilic aerobic bacteria counts were higher in OF and OP; however, the values were within acceptable limits. Although C1 was more preferred sensorily, the scores of the oleaster-enriched puddings were also above the average.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 9","pages":"e72282"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13527734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Core Genes and Mechanisms Linking Grilled Food Toxicants (4-HNE, BaP, PhIP) to NASH-HCC Progression.","authors":"Bingbing Qin, Ye Zhang, Na Li, Jing Li, Yuehua Luo, Xi Tang, Ruisheng Zhou, Tianqi Cui, Ying Tang","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.72303","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fsn3.72303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Grilled food toxicants 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) pose health risks, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, their synergistic molecular mechanisms in driving NASH to NASH-HCC progression remain unclear. We employed network toxicology (CTD, GeneCards), bioinformatics analysis of the GSE164760 dataset, machine learning (LASSO, SVM-RFE, Random Forest), SHAP interpretability analysis, immune infiltration profiling (CIBERSORT), miRNA-TF-mRNA network construction, and molecular docking to identify core genes and elucidate mechanisms. Toxicity prediction confirmed significant hepatotoxicity for all three compounds. Intersection analysis identified 8 key genes (InterGenes) enriched in oxidant detoxification, fatty acid metabolism, and chemical carcinogenesis pathways. Machine learning refined this to 6 CoreGenes (<i>GSTA1, EPHX1, CYP2E1, GPX3, ALB, TF</i>). SHAP analysis revealed that high expression of ALB, TF, GSTA1 and CYP2E1, together with low expression of GPX3 and EPHX1, correlated with increased progression risk. A CoreGenes-based diagnostic nomogram achieved exceptional performance (AUC = 0.967). Immune infiltration analysis revealed significant shifts in regulatory T cells and M2 macrophages during progression. Molecular docking confirmed strong binding affinities between the toxicants and CoreGenes proteins (e.g., BaP-GSTA1: -10.7 kcal/mol). Functional enrichment implicated dysregulated fatty acid metabolism, PPAR, and TGF-beta signaling. This study identifies GSTA1, EPHX1, CYP2E1, GPX3, ALB, and TF as pivotal biomarkers and mediators through which 4-HNE, BaP, and PhIP synergistically promote NASH-HCC progression via oxidative stress, metabolic dysfunction and remodeling of the immune microenvironment. The CoreGenes signature and multi-gene model provide a powerful tool for risk assessment and early intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 9","pages":"e72303"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13530401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of M. oleifera Leaf Extract on Weight Loss, the Metabolomic Profile, and the Intestinal Microbiota in Individuals With Simple Obesity","authors":"Xiaoxian Zhou,&nbsp;Daoqiang He,&nbsp;Jia Xiong,&nbsp;Xinle Zhang,&nbsp;Yongfang Zhou,&nbsp;Jia Luo,&nbsp;Lan Zhou,&nbsp;Huilin Chen,&nbsp;Jingwen Dao,&nbsp;Fei Mi,&nbsp;Yanjiao Wang,&nbsp;Shaoxiong Wu,&nbsp;Hongmei Pan","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.72292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.72292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Moringa oleifera</i> leaves, recognized as a novel food resource in China, have shown potential health benefits. To investigate the effects of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> leaf extract on weight loss and its underlying mechanisms, this study conducted a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. In this trial, 35 participants were participated to the placebo group (Con group) or the <i>M. oleifera</i> leaf extract group (Med group) for 90 days. Both groups received dietary/lifestyle guidance. Body composition was assessed monthly, and stool and serum samples were collected for 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing (16S rRNA sequencing), biochemical analysis, and metabolomics. The results show that significant changes were observed in body mass index (BMI), basal metabolic rate, muscle mass, and fat-free mass between the two groups (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Compared with the Con group, the Med group showed a more pronounced decrease in BMI, yet better preserved its basal metabolic rate, muscle mass, and fat-free mass. Among the metabolic markers, the Med group showed a significant decrease in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) compared with the Con group (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Gut microbiota analysis showed there were significant differences in the abundance of 9 taxa between the two groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Differentially expressed metabolic pathways are concentrated in “Metabolic pathways,” Acetate levels in the feces of the Med group were significantly lower than those in the Con group; untargeted metabolomics identified a total of 132 differentially expressed metabolites, which were enriched in multiple lipid metabolic pathways. There is a certain correlation between the levels of certain differential metabolites and gut microbiota and the expression of clinical indicators. In summary, <i>M. oleifera</i> leaf extract can effectively reduce the BMI in obese patients while better preserving basal metabolic rate, muscle mass, and fat-free mass. HbA1c and HDL-C levels in the body also showed significant improvement, and the extract played a regulatory role in the abundance of gut microbiota and metabolites related to lipid metabolism.</p><p><b>Trial Registration:</b> Chinese Clinical Trial Registry CTR2400089558</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.72292","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148823381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumer Perceptions and Behaviors Toward Fermented Foods: Insights From a Canadian Survey","authors":"Camila Schultz Marcolla,&nbsp;Samantha Tapping,&nbsp;Carla Liria Sánchez-Lafuente,&nbsp;Kara Sampsell,&nbsp;Gabrielle Eaton,&nbsp;Ellen Goddard,&nbsp;Benjamin P. Willing,&nbsp;Jeremy P. Burton,&nbsp;Raylene A. Reimer","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.72287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.72287","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chronic and autoimmune diseases continue to rise across Canada, demonstrating the need for sustainable dietary strategies that promote long-term health. Fermented foods (FFs) have emerged as a potential approach, yet national data on consumption patterns and public perceptions remain largely unknown. A cross-sectional survey of 4045 Canadian adults was conducted (September–November 2023) to assess consumption patterns, including behaviors, perceptions, and general knowledge about FFs and fermentation practices. Overall, 25.7% of participants reported consuming all 18 surveyed FFs at least once. Cheese (95.7%) and yogurt (93.2%) were the most consumed, while fermented fish (38.9%) and fermented cereals/grains (40.2%) were least consumed. Consumption patterns varied by age, sex, income, and education. Lower intake was seen in older adults, those with lower income and education, and those for whom health was not a primary consideration in food choice. Taste was the main motivator for consumption, with health second. Home fermentation was uncommon (9.0%) but more frequent among younger, more educated individuals. While there was a willingness to try new products (29.1%) and engage in home fermentation (30.0%), participants expressed uncertainty about FF safety (18.4%) and potential health benefits (52.7%). Nonetheless, two-thirds wanted to learn more about FFs, and nearly half preferred guidance from trusted sources such as Canada's Food Guide. This study is the first comprehensive assessment of FF consumption patterns and perceptions across Canada, revealing sociodemographic trends, knowledge gaps, and opportunities to strengthen consumer education, evidence-based resources, and future public health initiatives related to FFs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.72287","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148823388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Preservative Effect of Edible Coating Based on Chitosan-Gelatin Containing Satureja bachtiarica and Nepeta binaludensis Essential Oils Nanoemulsions on the Physicochemical, Microbial and Sensory Properties of Burger During Cold Storage","authors":"Mahsa Nakhaei,&nbsp;Homa Baghaei,&nbsp;Fariborz Nahidi,&nbsp;Parnian Pezeshki,&nbsp;Ahmadreza Abedinia","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.72302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.72302","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigated the effectiveness of chitosan-gelatin (CG) based coatings enriched with free and nanoemulsion forms of <i>Satureja bachtiarica</i> (SE) and <i>Nepeta binaludensis</i> (NE) essential oils on the quality of beef burgers during 12-day refrigerated storage. GC–MS analysis identified 37 and 50 phytochemicals in SE and NE, respectively, with carvacrol and 1,8-cineole being prominent compounds. The nanoemulsions were characterized by a spherical shape, a size range of 65.6–122.4 nm, low, polydispersity index (0.286–0.391), zeta potential between −26.7 and −38.2 mV, and high encapsulation efficiency (83.96%–85.31%). While nano-encapsulation slightly reduced total phenol content, it enhanced the essential oils' antimicrobial activity. Over the storage period, the pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), and microbial load of all burger treatments increased, while <i>L*</i> and <i>a*</i> values decreased. Compared with the control, burgers coated with the SE nanoemulsion exhibited a 52.9% reduction in TVB-N (14.90 vs. 31.62 mg N/100 g) and a 38.8%, 42.7%, 39.7%, and 57.1% reduction in viable mesophilic bacteria, psychrotrophic bacteria, LAB, and coliform counts, respectively, on day 12. Moreover, the NE nanoemulsion reduced mold and yeast counts by 48.2% compared with the control (2.54 vs. 4.90 log CFU/g). The nanoemulsion forms of the essential oils demonstrated superior antimicrobial efficacy throughout storage, with the SE nanoemulsion-coated burgers exhibiting the highest activity at the end of the trial. Sensory evaluation confirmed that these active coatings maintained burger acceptability. These findings suggest that CG-based coatings enriched with SE and NE nanoemulsions are a promising solution for extending the shelf life of beef burgers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.72302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148823389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Quality Evaluation of Fiber-Enriched Pasta Incorporating Green Banana Flour and Whole Wheat Flour: Physicochemical, Antioxidant, and Sensory Properties","authors":"Shariful Islam,&nbsp;Nusrat Sadia Himu,&nbsp;Md. Faridul Islam,&nbsp;Amena Kibria,&nbsp;Mohammad Nazrul Islam Bhuiyan,&nbsp;Md. Jaynal Abedin,&nbsp;Md. Nuruddin Miah,&nbsp;Md. Abdus Satter Miah","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.72273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.72273","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study evaluated the effects of incorporating green banana and whole wheat flour at varying substitution levels on the nutritional, functional, antioxidant, cooking, and sensory properties of formulated novel pasta. Six formulations were developed and compared against a commercial control. Proximate analysis revealed significant enhancements in enriched pasta, with protein increasing from 13.85 g/100 g in the control to 16.12 g/100 g in WCL_20%, and dietary fiber more than doubling from 3.9 g/100 g to 10.1–11.2 g/100 g in the developed pasta. Mineral contents also improved substantially, with calcium rising from 172.6 mg/100 g to 292.9 mg/100 g and iron from 2.7 mg/100 g to 17.1 mg/100 g. Antioxidant evaluation confirmed marked increases, with total phenolic content peaking at 27.8 μg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight in BCL_20% and DPPH radical scavenging improving from 13.4% in the control to 95.7% in WCL_20%. Cooking characteristics showed slightly higher water uptake and cooking loss in enriched formulations. Texture analysis revealed increased hardness from 11.3 × 10⁻¹ N in control to 13.6 × 10⁻¹ N in BCL_20% and stickiness, while sensory evaluation indicated that 10%–15% enrichment levels achieved the highest acceptability scores. Water activity values (0.49–0.55) across all samples were below the microbial safety threshold (&lt; 0.60), suggesting stable shelf life. Therefore, green banana and whole wheat flours significantly improved pasta's nutritional and antioxidant properties, with optimal substitution at 10%–15% to maximize health benefits while maintaining consumer preference.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.72273","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148823253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Mechanism of Total Flavonoids From Chuju in Mitigating Cerebral Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in Rats Using Untargeted Metabolomics","authors":"Guanglei Zhang,&nbsp;Zongmeng Zhang,&nbsp;Cong Wang,&nbsp;Gaocheng Shi,&nbsp;Mengqi Zhao,&nbsp;Xianxi Wu,&nbsp;Xiaoyong Yuan,&nbsp;Hao Yu","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.72216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.72216","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chuju (<i>Dendranthema morifolium</i> (Ramat.) Tzvel. cv.), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb with both medicinal and edible properties. It is widely used in tea beverages and functional foods due to its rich flavonoid and polysaccharide content. Our previous studies demonstrated that the total flavonoids of Chuju (TFCJ) alleviate cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury (CIRI) in rats. However, the potential metabolic pathways regulated by TFCJ remain unclear, and its therapeutic targets require further investigation. This study aims to elucidate the neuroprotective mechanisms of TFCJ. LC–MS analysis identified 42 compounds within TFCJ. Animal experiments showed that TFCJ significantly reduced cerebral infarct volume, elevated SOD and GSH-Px levels, and decreased MDA levels in the brain. Non-targeted metabolomic analysis suggested that TFCJ exerts its protective effects by modulating the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), and aspartate–glutamate metabolism. Pathway analysis revealed that the 4EBP1/eIF4E signaling pathway may mediate the protective effects of TFCJ. In conclusion, this study analyzed the main components of TFCJ and provided evidence suggesting that the 4EBP1/eIF4E signaling pathway might serve as a potential mediator of its neuroprotective effects against CIRI. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the application of TFCJ as both a functional food and a medicinal agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.72216","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148823252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical Profiling and Antibacterial Activity of Moroccan Monofloral Honeys Against Multidrug-Resistant Uropathogens: In Vitro, ADMET, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Approaches","authors":"Mourad Chikhaoui,&nbsp;Aziz Galman,&nbsp;Ahmed Chetoui,&nbsp;Oussama Khibech,&nbsp;Mohamed Reda Kachmar,&nbsp;Toufik Bouddine,&nbsp;Mohamed Bouhrim,&nbsp;Fahd A. Nasr,&nbsp;Mohammed Al-Zharani,&nbsp;Ashraf Ahmed Qurtam,&nbsp;Rachid Lotfi,&nbsp;Houda El Hajjouji","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.72165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.72165","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Urinary tract infections represent a significant public health issue exacerbated by bacterial antibiotic resistance. Honey, due to its phenolic compounds, offers a promising natural alternative. This study explores the phenolic profile of monofloral honeys from the Beni Mellal-Khenifra region and their antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant strains. Four monofloral honeys from Beni Mellal-Khenifra were analyzed for their phenolic composition and evaluated for antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant uropathogenic bacteria. Computational studies were also performed to explore the potential mechanisms of action of the identified compounds. HPLC-UV detection identified distinct phenolic profiles in four monofloral honeys. Carob honey showed the highest diversity, with eight compounds identified, notably myricetin (63.99 μg/mg), trans-ferulic acid (33.99 μg/mg), gallic acid (21.02 μg/mg), naringin (17.95 μg/mg), catechin (3.66 μg/mg), and trans-cinnamic acid (2.75 μg/mg). Euphorbia honey was rich in hydroxycinnamic acids, especially caffeic acid (285.35 μg/mg), p-coumaric acid (190.93 μg/mg), and trans-ferulic acid (125.37 μg/mg). Anise honey contained high levels of naringin (669.84 μg/mg), along with myricetin (90.08 μg/mg) and 3-hydroxybenzoic acid (76.59 μg/mg). In contrast, citrus honey exhibited the lowest polyphenolic content, with only gallic acid (0.21 μg/mg) and catechin (2.69 μg/mg) detected. The honey samples exhibited notable antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant uropathogenic bacteria, including <i>E. coli, K. pneumoniae</i>, and <i>S. aureus</i>. Among them, euphorbia and carob honeys demonstrated the highest antibacterial efficacy, with MBC values of 25% (v/v) against <i>S. aureus</i> and 50% against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>K. pneumoniae</i>. In contrast, citrus and anise honeys showed lower bactericidal activity, with MBC values reaching 75% (v/v) for <i>E. coli</i> and <i>K. pneumoniae</i>, and 50% for <i>S. aureus</i>. <i>In silico,</i> analyses showed that kaempferol, quercetin, catechin, and myricetin exhibit high binding affinities (up to −8.3 kcal/mol) against major bacterial targets. Molecular dynamics confirmed the stability of the quercetin-GyrB complex (RMSD ~0.35 nm). ADMET and toxicity profiles identified catechin and 3-hydroxybenzoic acid as the most promising candidates, combining good intestinal absorption, low predicted toxicity (LD50≈10,000 mg/kg), and favorable pharmacokinetics. These findings confirm the important role of honey's phenolic compounds in inhibiting multidrug-resistant bacteria. Future research should focus on in vivo validation and the formulation of effective therapeutic products based on these honeys.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.72165","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148823255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}