Food Science & Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Ginsenoside Rb1 From the Functional Food <i>Panax ginseng</i> Suppresses Pancreatic Cancer Progression via Macrophage Reprogramming Through the PI3K-AKT Pathway.","authors":"Chang-Sheng Dong, Gaoqiang Wang, Ying Niu, Xiuqiao Sun, Wenyi Ren, Jiliang Zhang, Yi Zhang, Rui-Xin Wu, Xiaoxiong Wu","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.72468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.72468","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly malignant gastrointestinal tumor, and its nutritional intervention strategies remain relatively limited. Ginseng, a representative medicinal herb officially included in China's \"Food and Medicinal Same Origin\" catalogue, is widely used in tea beverages, soups, and functional foods. Its active component, ginsenoside Rb1 (GRB1), derived from the medicine-food homology plant &lt;i&gt;Panax ginseng&lt;/i&gt;, has been reported to possess antitumor and immunomodulatory effects, but its role in the PDAC tumor microenvironment remains unclear. This study aims to screen and identify GRB1 from the Chai-Gui-Xiaoji formula containing ginseng, experimentally validate its antitumor mechanism against PDAC, and reveal its potential as a functional food ingredient or nutritional adjuvant derived from ginseng. This work is framed within the medicine-food homology (yao shi tong yuan) paradigm, an ancient philosophy holding that many edible plants possess both nutritional value and bioactive properties, which is increasingly recognized by modern nutritional science as a framework for developing evidence-based functional food ingredients. sUsing ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) technology, we screened bioactive components from Chaigui Xiaoji Formula (CGXJF) containing ginseng. Combining component analysis, blood absorption component analysis, and network pharmacology target screening, we identified ginsenoside Rb1 (GRB1) as the core candidate. Through target prediction, protein interaction analysis, KEGG enrichment, and molecular docking, we identified the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway as a potential GRB1-related pathway. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) was established through in situ and liver metastasis mouse models, and functional validation was performed using macrophage and patient-derived organoid models. Tumor growth and liver metastasis were evaluated through in situ and liver metastasis models; PI3K/AKT phosphorylation and M2-like macrophage polarization were detected by immunoblotting and other methods. To explore the mechanistic basis of GRB1-related tumor inhibition, we used macrophage function experiments and patient-derived organoid models as complementary functional tools to evaluate the involvement of macrophage regulation. Following the screening logic of the medicine-food homology paradigm, priority was given to orally relevant bioactive constituents derived from edible botanicals with established dietary exposure. Network pharmacology identified 110 shared targets between GRB1 and pancreatic cancer from 587 candidate GRB1 targets and 905 PDAC-related targets; the PPI network contained 491 nodes and 3728 edges, with hub targets including STAT3, AKT1, CASP3, BCL2, HIF1A, MTOR, and NFκB1, and KEGG enrichment locked PI3K-AKT signaling as the priority pathway. In orthotopic and liver metastasis mouse models, GRB1 inhibited tumor gr","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 10","pages":"e72468"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Glucomannan on Cardiometabolic Parameters in Adults With Insulin Resistance-Related Conditions: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Mostafa Shahraki Jazinaki, Hossein Rafiei, Hossein Bahari, Naseh Pahlavani","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.72460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.72460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inconsistent findings regarding the impacts of glucomannan intake on health-related outcomes have been reported in different health conditions. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to assess the impacts of glucomannan consumption on cardiometabolic parameters in adults with insulin resistance-related conditions. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were comprehensively searched up to March 2025 to find eligible studies. Overall effect sizes were calculated according to the random-effects model and expressed as weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Heterogeneity among the included trials was assessed by performing Cochran's Q test and measured by the <i>I</i> ² statistic. Eleven eligible trials were included in this review. Meta-analysis revealed that glucomannan significantly reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG) (WMD: -7.02 mg/dL, 95% CI: -13.56, -0.49, <i>p</i> = 0.04); however, this effect was no longer statistically significant under the alternative method for the correlation assumption. Meanwhile, the effects of glucomannan intake on lipid profile, obesity indices, and blood pressure were not significant. Exploratory subgroup analyses suggested reductions in SBP, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in studies using higher glucomannan doses (> 3000 mg/day) or shorter intervention durations (≤ 4 weeks); however, these subgroup findings should be interpreted cautiously. This meta-analysis suggests that glucomannan intake may reduce FBG levels in insulin-resistance-related conditions. However, due to a limited number of eligible trials, more high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to reach firm conclusions regarding the effectiveness of this intervention in different health conditions and to explore optimal dosage and duration for each therapeutic purpose.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 10","pages":"e72460"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical Composition and In Vitro Bioactive Potential of Dried Honeybee (<i>Apis mellifera</i> L.) Podmore as a Candidate Functional Food Ingredient.","authors":"Marwa Rashad Ali, Esraa Naser Mohamed, Hatem Sharaf El-Din, Rawaa H Tlay, Tarek Gamal Abedelmaksoud","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.72471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.72471","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Honeybee (<i>Apis mellifera</i> L.) podmore is an underutilized apicultural by-product that may serve as a source of nutrients and bioactive compounds. This study evaluated the proximate composition and insulin secretion-modulating potential of dried honeybee podmore. The results showed that podmore contained a high protein level (47.13 g/100 g dry weight) and a considerable lipid content (19.28 g/100 g dry weight). The amino acid profile was balanced, dominated by glutamic acid and aspartic acid, and contained substantial amounts of essential amino acids, particularly leucine, lysine, and valine. HPLC analysis revealed gallic acid (818.06 μg/g) and chlorogenic acid (225.04 μg/g) as the predominant compounds. Podmore extract exhibited notable antioxidant activity and showed concentration-dependent inhibition of pancreatic lipase and α-glucosidase, reaching 96.9% and 83.7% inhibition, respectively, at 1000 μg/mL. The extract enhanced insulin secretion in MIN6 pancreatic β cells under both low- and high-glucose conditions, with the highest response observed at 500 μg/mL under high-glucose conditions. These findings suggest that dried honeybee podmore may be a promising source of nutritional and bioactive compounds with potential applications in the development of functional foods or nutraceuticals. However, further studies, including safety assessment, bioavailability evaluation, and in vivo validation, are required before its practical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 10","pages":"e72471"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"D-Psicose Attenuates Hepatic Steatosis and Inflammatory Injury in HFD/STZ-Induced T2DM Mice and Is Associated With Alterations in Gut Microbiota, Tryptophan Metabolism, and Hepatic AhR-Related Signaling.","authors":"Liang Wu, Xueyun Dong, Wen Sun, Hao Xu, Yunhan Xie, Xuehui Liu, Xinyu Liu, Asmaa Ali, Keke Shao","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.72455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.72455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>D-psicose (DPS) is a rare sugar with reported metabolic benefits, but its effects on diabetes-associated liver abnormalities and related gut-liver changes remain insufficiently defined. Here, DPS was evaluated in mice with Type 2 diabetes mellitus induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin. Low- and high-dose DPS interventions were assessed through serum biochemistry, liver histology, inflammatory cytokine measurements, intestinal barrier evaluation, hepatic molecular analysis, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, targeted quantification of tryptophan metabolites, and untargeted serum metabolomics. Relative to untreated diabetic mice, DPS-treated animals showed improved serum lipid profiles, lower ALT and AST activities, reduced circulating inflammatory cytokines, and less hepatic lipid deposition. DPS treatment was also accompanied by improved intestinal morphology, increased ZO-1 and Occludin expression, and lower circulating lipopolysaccharide concentrations. In the high-dose group, gut microbial community composition differed from that of untreated diabetic mice, with relative increases in Akkermansia and Lactobacillus. In parallel, DPS treatment was associated with increased serum tryptophan and indole-3-propionic acid concentrations, lower kynurenine concentrations and Kyn/Trp ratios, reduced hepatic TDO2 expression, increased AhR expression, and lower NF-κB p65 phosphorylation. Overall, DPS improved metabolic and liver-related abnormalities in diabetic mice and was accompanied by coordinated changes in intestinal barrier-related indices, gut microbial composition, tryptophan metabolites, and hepatic AhR/NF-κB-related markers. As microbiota-directed and AhR-targeted intervention experiments were not conducted, these observations remain associative and do not demonstrate a causal gut microbiota-tryptophan-AhR mechanism. Moreover, as these observations were obtained in a single HFD/STZ-induced mouse model, their relevance to the heterogeneity and natural course of human T2DM-associated MASLD requires confirmation in additional preclinical models and clinical studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 10","pages":"e72455"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149164863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paraprobiotics Derived From <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> Subsp. <i>Lactis</i>BB-12 Attenuates Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcer by Inhibiting the PANoptosis Pathway.","authors":"Adem Yavaş, Ezgi Özkiran, Ecem Akan","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.72397","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fsn3.72397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric ulcer pathogenesis involves inflammation and cell death. Paraprobiotics are emerging as safer therapeutic alternatives. This study aimed to investigate the gastroprotective effect of paraprobiotics derived from <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> subsp. <i>lactis</i> BB-12 and its role in modulating PANoptosis in the experimental ulcer model. Gastric ulcers were induced in Balb/c mice using indomethacin. Mice were pre-treated by oral gavage with live <i>B. animalis subsp. lactis</i> BB-12 probiotic (1 × 10⁹ CFU/mL, 200 μL), its heat-inactivated paraprobiotic (1 × 10⁹ CFU/mL, 200 μL), or lansoprazole (30 mg/kg), each administered 5 min before ulcer induction with indomethacin (25 mg/kg). Gastric damage was assessed macroscopically and histologically. Oxidative stress markers (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], reduced glutathione [GSH], malondialdehyde [MDA]), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and serum cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], interleukin-6 [IL-6], IL-10) were measured. Key proteins of the PANoptosis pathway were analyzed by Western blot. Both probiotic and paraprobiotic treatments significantly reduced the ulcer area (from 52.54% in the ulcer group to 21.57% and 17.34%, respectively) and the total histological damage index (from 3.95 to 1.27 and 0.95, respectively) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Both treatments reversed the depletion of antioxidant enzymes and the increase in MDA and MPO levels. Additionally, they restored IL-10 to control levels while suppressing TNF-α and IL-6 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Paraprobiotics also strongly inhibited key regulatory proteins in three cell death pathways, including NLRP3, c-Caspase-1/3/8, ZBP1, and p-RIPK3/MLKL. Paraprobiotics derived from <i>B. lactis subsp. lactis</i> BB-12 exhibit a potent gastric protective effect against gastric ulcers. As they were administered before ulcer induction, paraprobiotics represent a promising prophylactic strategy for the prevention of inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders, identifying PANoptosis as an important therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 10","pages":"e72397"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13644390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149135524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Regional Characterization of Moroccan Bee Pollen: Nutritional, Bioactive, and Functional Properties.","authors":"Fedoua Diai, Toufik Bouddine, Mohamed Reda Kachmar, Morad Kaddouri, Charaf Eddine Kassimi, Ibtissame Guirrou, Hassan Laaroussi, Mohammed Al-Zharani, Fahd A Nasr, Ashraf Ahmed Qurtam, Lhoussain Hajji, Said Chakir","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.72174","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fsn3.72174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bee Pollen is a natural beehive product consisting of a complex mixture of floral pollen, nectar, honey, and bee salivary enzymes. It has gained increasing attention as a valuable functional food. The aim of this study was to characterize eight Bee Pollen samples collected from different Moroccan regions in terms of physicochemical parameters, nutritional composition, mineral profile, phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, individual phenolic compounds and in vitro antidiabetic potential. The samples exhibited acceptable physicochemical parameters, with acceptable energy values ranging from 156.85 to 205.41 kcal/100 g. Potassium and calcium were the predominant minerals with values of 741.82-2116.99 mg/kg and 676.53-2197.15 mg/kg respectively. The total phenolic content ranged between 4.19 and 17.39 mg GAE/g while the total flavonoid content ranged between 0.94 and 3.18 mg QE/g. Bee Pollen extracts exhibited strong antioxidant activity, with DPPH IC₅₀ values of 28-64 μg/mL, ABTS IC₅₀ values of 0.12-0.28 mg/mL, and FRAP values of 87.33-146.92 μmol Fe²⁺/g, along with notable α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities (IC₅₀ = 263.40-953.66 and 145.50-670.26 μg/mL, respectively). HPLC analysis revealed the presence of several bioactive phenolic compounds. Our results can indicate Moroccan Bee Pollen as a nutrient and phenolic rich natural product with promising antioxidant and antidiabetic potential for functional food applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 10","pages":"e72174"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13643948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149135423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Particle Size on Flour Physicochemical Properties and Cookies Sensory Acceptability Made From Teff (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter)","authors":"Adugna Lemu Boka,&nbsp;Getachew Neme Tolesa","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.72432","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fsn3.72432","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The physical, rheological, functional, chemical, and other characteristics of flour and end products are crucial to the food processing industries. These characteristics are affected by flour variety and particle size. This study explored the effects of particle size and variety on the physicochemical characteristics of <i>teff</i> flour and cookie sensory acceptability. A variety of teff grains (<i>Bora, Jitu,</i> and <i>Filagot</i>) were ground and sieved to create the three flour fractions (360–260, 260–160, and 160–90 μm). The results showed that samples differed significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in the majority of the tested variables. The bulk density, angle of repose, and lightness (<i>l*</i>) of teff flours all significantly increased (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) as particle size decreased. Redness (a*), yellowness (b*), and chroma (c*) all decreased as flour particle size decreased. Among varieties, there are significant differences (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in bulk density, lightness, yellowness, chroma, and hue of <i>teff</i> flour, and color, flavor, and overall sensory acceptability of cookies. The overall acceptability scores for the cookies ranged widely, from 4.00 (neither like nor dislike) for Filagot of large particle size flour of 260–360 μm (FP1) to 7.00 (liked very much) for Bora of fine particle size flour (BP3) of 90–160 μm.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13643507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149135102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoglycemic Effect of Astaxanthin Oil-Fish Oil Complex in Mice With Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"Zhichao Lin, Jianlin He, Xiaomin Xi, Yiping Zhang, Qingqing Le, Yaqi Guo, Hua Fang, Wenhui Jin, Hui Chen, Sijin Chen, Weizhu Chen","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.72410","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fsn3.72410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disorder, is characterized by disrupted glucose homeostasis, and its escalating global prevalence underscores the critical need for safe dietary interventions. This study investigated the hypoglycemic and hepatoprotective potential of a novel formulation combining astaxanthin oil (AO) and fish oil (FO) as an adjuvant nutritional strategy. The efficacy of the AO-FO complex was evaluated using the insulin-resistant HepG2 cell model in vitro and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed insulin-resistant mice in vivo. While individual treatments with AO and FO improved basic insulin sensitivity, their co-administration exhibited enhanced efficacy in promoting cellular glucose consumption. Notably, the combined formulation was associated with changes in key glucose metabolism-related indices, including glucose-6-phosphate, pyruvate kinase, hexokinase, and significantly mitigated oxidative stress markers. In vivo, the AO-FO complex showed greater effects on decreasing fasting blood glucose, improving oral glucose tolerance, and ameliorating systemic dyslipidemia compared to singular oil treatments. Furthermore, histopathological evaluations revealed a marked attenuation of hepatic steatosis and pancreatic islet damage following the combined treatment. Collectively, these findings support the potential combined benefits of astaxanthin and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for improving glucose homeostasis, suggesting that the AO-FO complex may be a candidate functional food for DM management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 10","pages":"e72410"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13643367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149134681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Sensory Identity of Caatinga Honeys: From Pollen Profile to Consumer Response","authors":"Laís Cabral Madureira de Assis,&nbsp;Eike Guilherme Torres de Souza,&nbsp;Jéssica Moreira de Carvalho,&nbsp;Fabyan Laís de Nascimento Guedes,&nbsp;Katharina Kardinele Barros Sassi,&nbsp;Tatiana Colombo Pimentel,&nbsp;Lary Souza Olegário,&nbsp;Marta Suely Madruga","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.72378","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fsn3.72378","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Honey presents distinct sensory characteristics influenced by geographical and botanical origin. This study aimed to characterize the sensory identity of <i>Apis mellifera</i> honeys produced in the Caatinga region of Paraíba (Brazil) and to investigate their relationship with consumer perception. Twelve honey samples (mono- and polyfloral) were evaluated using a combination of Focus Group, Check-All-That-Apply (CATA), and affective tests. Initially, 551 sensory terms were generated through Focus Group sessions and reduced, through semantic and frequency analyses, to a structured sensory lexicon used to develop a sensory wheel comprising attributes of color, appearance, and aroma. Correspondence analysis revealed two main clusters: light-colored honeys, associated with sweet, floral, and fruity aromas and botanical sources such as <i>Croton</i> spp., <i>Ziziphus</i> spp., and <i>Anadenanthera</i> spp.; and dark-colored honeys, mainly from <i>Mimosa</i> spp., characterized by woody, toasted, and medicinal notes. Consumer responses indicated positive acceptance and purchase intention for all samples, with higher scores associated with light-colored honeys exhibiting floral and sweet aromas. In contrast, samples with higher citation frequency showed lower acceptance. The results indicate that sensory characteristics varied among the honey samples associated with different botanical origins, providing insights into the sensory identity of honeys from the Caatinga biome. These findings contribute to product valorization and support strategies for geographical indication and market differentiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13643649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149135502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatoprotective Effects of Maillard Reaction Products From <i>Perinereis aibuhitensis</i>: Identification and Metabolomic Insights in a Mouse Model of Alcoholic Liver Disease.","authors":"Tonglei Qiao, Yuchun Lu, Teng Teng, Zichen Deng, Feng Liu, Chun-E Liu","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.72417","DOIUrl":"10.1002/fsn3.72417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a major global health burden with limited therapeutic options. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of Maillard reaction products derived from <i>Perinereis aibuhitensis</i> (P-MRPs) in a mouse model of chronic alcohol-induced liver injury. Male ICR mice were fed a Lieber-DeCarli alcoholic liquid diet for 6 weeks with or without P-MRPs administration. P-MRPs intervention significantly reduced serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities, alleviated hepatic histopathological injury, restored antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase), and lowered malondialdehyde and interleukin (IL-6, IL-18, and IL-1β) levels. Mechanistically, P-MRPs treatment upregulated hepatic nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), downregulated NF-κB p65 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and restored carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) expression. Liver metabolomic analysis revealed that P-MRPs administration increased N-acyl amino acids and tryptophan-derived metabolites while reversing alcohol-induced accumulation of glycerophospholipids and acylcarnitines. In vitro, P-MRPs reduced ethanol-induced ROS accumulation and attenuated ALT and AST leakage in AML12 hepatocytes. Compositional profiling identified 27 small-molecule compounds with significant changes in P-MRPs abundance, and a high proportion of small-molecule peptides. Collectively, these findings suggest that P-MRPs protect against ALD-related liver injury, potentially through coordinated regulation of antioxidant, inflammatory, and lipid metabolic pathways, and provide a hypothesis-generating framework for future mechanistic investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"14 10","pages":"e72417"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13646695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149134689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}