Food Science & Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Curcumin Nanocapsules Prepared With Native Casein Micelles Exhibit Potential to Reduce Paracetamol-Induced Oxidative Stress","authors":"Ankita Hooda,&nbsp;Bimlesh Mann,&nbsp;Abhishek Dutt Tripathi,&nbsp;Nandita Das,&nbsp;Himanshu Kumar Rai,&nbsp;Sulaxana Singh,&nbsp;Javed Masood Khan,&nbsp;Aparna Agarwal,&nbsp;Dipendra Kumar Mahato","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70648","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The study was designed to validate the antioxidant effect of curcumin nano encapsulated (NE) inside native Casein (CN) micelles using a small animal model. Paracetamol (P) is a regularly used drug that is safe when used at therapeutic levels, but an overdose of it has the potential to cause nephron and hepato-toxicity. Thereby, the effect of curcumin, which has anti-oxidative properties, was tested on the hepato-nephron toxicity caused by the overdose. This would prove the effective protection offered to curcumin, by native CN micelles. Male albino mice were treated with nano capsules for 4 days (orally at 30 mg/kg of BW per day) before and after orally administering P (300 mg/kg of BW) for 2 days. There were six groups, including preventive and curative (NE and pristine curcumin) and two control groups. The negative control mice were administered water only for 6 days, and the other group was administered P at 300 mg/kg of BW, but no nano capsules/curcumin were administered. BUN levels were observed to increase in NE powder treated groups in comparison to the P group. The creatinine, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase levels reduced in mice treated with NE powder after/before P treatment. The levels of antioxidant indices like catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and lipid peroxidation were noted in liver homogenate. The mice group treated with nano-capsules orally showed increased activities of enzymes and a decrease in thio-barbituric acid reactive substances as compared to the P group. Hence, nano capsules can act as a potential antioxidant that delivers curcumin with good bioavailability.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70648","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Ability of Chitosan and Edible Oil From Ugandan Winged Termites","authors":"Babirye Khadijah,&nbsp;Ammar Ahmad Khan,&nbsp;Shahrul Razid Sarbini,&nbsp;Aqsa Abid","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.71013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.71013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Edible oil and chitosan were extracted from the flour of four edible winged termite species (<i>Macrotermes subhylanus</i>, <i>Macrotermes bellicosus, Pseudocanthotermes spriniger</i>, and <i>Odontotermes lateritius</i>), characterized for physico-chemical properties, and the antimicrobial activity of extracted chitosan was assessed against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and <i>Candida albicans</i>. Mechanical pressing yielded the significantly highest oil quantity (37.42%–38.50%) throughout all the species, followed by microwave-assisted oil extraction. Overall, the significantly lowest oil yield was observed in the conventional soxhlet extraction method (8.05%–18.92%). Generally, the extracted termite oils appeared as clear, golden-to-light yellow liquids. Oil solidification temperature ranged from 10.1°C to 12.9°C, whereas the refractive index ranged from 1.23 to 1.46. Mechanically pressed oil produced the highest iodine (111–121 g iodine/100 g oil) and saponification value (110.41–113.92 mg KOH/g). The total cholesterol content of termite oils ranged from 24.98 to 39.00 mg/100 mL, and ultrasound-assisted oil extraction yielded the lowest total cholesterol content. <i>M. bellicosus</i> oil had the highest total cholesterol content. Fermentation yielded the highest demineralization percentage (93.8%–96.0%), whereas the chemical method produced the highest deproteinization percentage (42.59%–49.71%) and chitosan yield (6.05%–7.00%). <i>M. subhyalinus</i> and <i>M. bellicosus</i> produced higher chitosan yields than other termite species. Termite chitosan showed the highest antimicrobial activity against <i>E. coli</i>, followed by <i>S. aureus</i>. Chemically-extracted chitosan exhibited higher antimicrobial activity than enzymatically extracted chitosan. From the present study, edible winged termites can be utilized as an unconventional source of chitosan for antimicrobial activity and low cholesterol edible cooking oil.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.71013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic and Genetic Characterization and Production Abilities of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Strain 484—A New Probiotic Strain Isolated From Human Breast Milk","authors":"Natalia Czarnecka,&nbsp;Magdalena Jankowska,&nbsp;Sylwia Nawrot,&nbsp;Katarzyna Nogal-Nowak,&nbsp;Sławomir Wąsik,&nbsp;Grzegorz Czerwonka","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70980","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent studies suggest that human breast milk (HBM) is a promising source of probiotic bacteria with potential applications in both medicine and the food industry. Probiotic bacteria, particularly species of the genus <i>Lactobacillus</i>, are classified as lactic acid bacteria (LAB). However, probiotic properties are strain-specific, as not all <i>Lactobacillus</i> strains exhibit health benefits or inhibit pathogens. This study evaluated the probiotic potential of a newly isolated strain, <i>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus</i> strain 484, derived from human milk. Phenotypic and genomic analyses were performed, with <i>L. rhamnosus</i> 1.0320 serving as a reference genome. We focused on strain safety for human use and potential health benefits. Strain 484 underwent probiotic characterization and demonstrated strong auto- and co-aggregation abilities, contributing to effective pathogenic bacteria inhibition. The strain also showed bile tolerance, antibiotic sensitivity, and lacked hemolytic and catalase activity, indicating safety and suitability profiles for oral administration. Its resistance to low pH and bile salts indicated survival during gastrointestinal transit and intestinal colonization. Notably, cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) exceeded that of the well-known <i>L. rhamnosus</i> GG strain, potentially enhancing adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells. Genomic analysis confirmed no antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and plasmids, suggesting genetic stability. Overall, <i>L. rhamnosus</i> 484 appears to be a safe and promising probiotic candidate with potential applications in both medical and food-related fields, particularly for oral use in preventing and controlling common pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70980","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Siegesbeckia Glabrescens Extract Ameliorates Immobilization-Induced Muscle Atrophy by Regulating the Akt/mTOR/FoxO3a Signaling Pathways in Mice","authors":"Sungmin Han,&nbsp;Jae-Kwan Hwang,&nbsp;Mi-Bo Kim","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.71005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.71005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Siegesbeckia glabrescens</i>, traditionally used for its anti-inflammatory properties and potential musculoskeletal benefits. In the present study, we investigated whether a standardized hot water extract of <i>S. glabrescens</i> (SGE), rich in the bioactive compound kirenol, could mitigate muscle atrophy caused by immobilization in a mouse model. Male C57BL/6J mice underwent hindlimb immobilization for 1 week to induce muscle atrophy, followed by 1 week of daily oral treatments with either saline or SGE (150 or 300 mg/kg/day). SGE significantly prevented the decline in muscle mass (5.1%–22.7%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), strength (26.0%–36.6%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), volume, and muscle fiber cross-sectional area (21.6%–29.8%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) caused by immobilization. In the tibialis anterior muscle, SGE mitigated immobilization-induced elevations in protein degradation markers, including muscle RING-finger protein-1 and muscle atrophy F-box, by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of forkhead box O3a. Also, SGE countered reductions in protein synthesis indicators, including mammalian target of rapamycin, 70-kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase, and 4E binding protein 1, through activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway. Furthermore, kirenol attenuated tumor necrosis factor-alpha-driven muscle atrophy in L6 myotubes by modulating both protein synthesis and degradation processes. Collectively, these findings suggest that SGE containing kirenol maintains the equilibrium between protein degradation and protein synthesis, thereby ameliorating immobilization-induced muscle atrophy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.71005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Molecular-Weight Angelica sinensis Polysaccharide Improves Neurological Function and Neuroplasticity Following Cerebral Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury","authors":"Junbin Lin,&nbsp;Ting Jiang,&nbsp;Xin Zhang,&nbsp;Lu Xia,&nbsp;Yu Gong,&nbsp;Weijing Liao","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.71010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.71010","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Neuroplasticity plays a pivotal role in post-stroke recovery, and <i>Angelica sinensis</i> polysaccharide has demonstrated neuroprotective properties. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of low-molecular-weight <i>Angelica sinensis</i> polysaccharide (LMW-ASP) in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model. Structural characterization revealed that LMW-ASP (3.9 kDa), containing a pyranose ring and uronic acid, was a heteropolysaccharide that comprised fucose, galactosamine hydrochloride, rhamnose, arabinose, glucosamine hydrochloride, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid (0.007:0.003:0.057:0.209:0.009:0.284:0.303:0.006:0.032:0.083:0.007). Post-stroke administration of LMW-ASP (50 mg/kg) significantly improved body weight and neurological functions after MCAO/R. Moreover, microtubule-associated protein-2 expression was notably higher in the LMW-ASP group than in the model group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Furthermore, Golgi-Cox staining confirmed that LMW-ASP increased the number of dendritic intersections (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 for 90–120, 180, and 200 μm; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001 for 70 and 80 μm), the number of terminal branches (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), the number of branch points (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), and the density of basal dendritic spines (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Finally, transmission electron microscopy revealed an increase in the number of synapses (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and presynaptic vesicles (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) in the LMW-ASP group. These results suggest that LMW-ASP is a potential pharmaceutical therapeutic approach for stroke recovery that enhances neuroplasticity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.71010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Effects Proanthocyanidin Nanoliposome Freeze-Dried Powder on Oxidative Injury in a p31-43 Induced Celiac Disease Cell Model","authors":"Zhou Ning,&nbsp;Chen Linlin,&nbsp;Zhang Xing,&nbsp;He Kunmiao,&nbsp;Xu Tiantian,&nbsp;Wang Hanshuo,&nbsp;Sun Jie,&nbsp;Yu Miao,&nbsp;Ren Hongtao,&nbsp;Wang Na","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.71000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.71000","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Proanthocyanidins play a crucial role in celiac disease (CD) through their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, effectively regulating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. However, the poor stability and low bioavailability of proanthocyanidins significantly limit their therapeutic applications. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of lyoprotectants on proanthocyanidin nanoliposome freeze-dried powder (PCNL-FD), characterize its structural properties, evaluate its in vitro antioxidant capacity and explore its protective effects in a celiac disease cell model. The addition of 4% trehalose as a lyoprotectant effectively maintained the encapsulation efficiency and redispersion stability of PCNL-FD. FTIR and TEM analyses confirmed the successful incorporation of proanthocyanidins into the phospholipid bilayer. In vitro antioxidant assays showed that PCNL-FD exhibited significantly higher DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities compared to free proanthocyanidins. In the p31-43 peptide-induced celiac disease Caco-2 cell model, PCNL-FD significantly reduced oxidative stress by decreasing ROS and MDA levels while increasing GSH levels and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD and CAT). The formulation showed anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) and promoting anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10). In addition, PCNL-FD activated the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway and upregulated the expression of NQO-1 and HO-1. This nanoliposomal delivery system effectively overcame the bioavailability and stability limitations of free proanthocyanidins, providing new insights into the management of oxidative stress in inflammatory diseases such as celiac disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.71000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"(−)-Epigallocatechin Gallate Ameliorates Chronic Stress-Induced Depression-Like Behavior in Rats by Inhibiting the NF-κB/Caspase-1 Signaling Pathway and Reducing IL-1β and IL-18 Expression","authors":"Guixian Wu,&nbsp;Jieyu Xu,&nbsp;Wanhua Wu,&nbsp;Jian Jin,&nbsp;Shanqian Li,&nbsp;Yue Huang,&nbsp;Zongyi Zhang,&nbsp;Yue Hu,&nbsp;Yulin Zhang,&nbsp;Yuling Liu,&nbsp;Yao Xu,&nbsp;Meimei Zheng,&nbsp;Chaozhi Xu,&nbsp;Wenjun Lu,&nbsp;Hongxian Wu,&nbsp;Lina Hu","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70961","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aimed to further clarify the ameliorative effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on depression and depression-like behaviors induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) in female Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. EGCG was administered via intraperitoneal injection, and liver function and blood lipid profiles were assessed. Western blot analysis was employed to determine the expression levels of caspase-1 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), as well as inflammatory factors interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18). The results showed that CUMS induced depression-like behaviors (including anhedonia and behavioral despair) in rats, accompanied by reduced body weight, decreased liver index, and dyslipidemia. Western blot analysis revealed significantly elevated expression of pyroptosis-related proteins (NF-κB, cleaved-caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18) in both the liver and brain tissues of the CUMS group. EGCG treatment could reverse these results. Notably, female rats exhibited more severe CUMS-induced depression-like behaviors than male rats. These findings suggest that EGCG can alleviate CUMS-induced depression-like behaviors (anhedonia and behavioral despair) in female rats. This protective effect may be mediated by inhibiting the NF-κB/caspase-1 pyroptosis pathway, reducing IL-1β and IL-18 expression, thereby improving hepatocellular pyroptosis and alleviating liver injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70961","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Astaxanthin Alleviates Lead-Induced Toxicity by Restoring Hepatic and Gut–Liver Axis Homeostasis Through Multidimensional Metabolic and Antioxidative Pathways","authors":"Zhongyang Du,&nbsp;Yan Sun,&nbsp;Xiaoli Zhu,&nbsp;Mengjing Liang,&nbsp;Daming Shi,&nbsp;Chunhui Zhang,&nbsp;Chunli Ji,&nbsp;Hongli Cui,&nbsp;Jinai Xue,&nbsp;Runzhi Li,&nbsp;Xiaoyun Jia","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70971","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lead (Pb) poisoning is a major public health concern of environmental origin in the world. It is essential to develop effective ways such as utilizing natural products as therapeutic agents for prevention and therapy of Pb-induced diseases. This study explores the effects and underlying mechanisms of astaxanthin (ATX), a natural compound with potent antioxidant properties, in alleviating Pb-induced toxicity in model mice. Supplementation with ATX significantly ameliorated lead-induced physiological and biochemical disruptions, including weight loss, hepatic and renal damage, and metabolic imbalances. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that ATX played a positive role in improving redox homeostasis, regulating lipid, amino acid, and nucleotide metabolism, and activating critical pathways such as Nrf2/ARE, PPAR, and S1P, thereby enhancing the antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and detoxification capacities of the mice. ATX supplementation also modulated mouse gut microbiota by promoting beneficial bacterial populations, suppressing harmful strains, and increasing short-chain fatty acid production, thereby effectively restoring gut-liver axis balance. These findings demonstrate that ATX possesses comprehensive activities against lead toxicity via multi-dimensional regulatory mechanisms, highlighting ATX as a promising therapeutic agent for heavy metal poisoning. Further research is warranted to validate the clinical applications of ATX and evaluate its long-term safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70971","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socioeconomic Drivers of Adoption and Use Intensity of Improved Teff Seed in Northwest Ethiopia","authors":"Gizachew Wosene,&nbsp;Yuhan Pang,&nbsp;Jianmin Cao,&nbsp;Mezgebu Aynalem,&nbsp;Arshad Ullah Jadoon","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.71030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.71030","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the key factors influencing both the decision to adopt and the level of use of improved teff seed technology among farmers in the Jabitehnan district, Northwest Ethiopia. Despite teff being a vital staple cereal crop extensively cultivated in Ethiopia, it shows inconsistent yields mainly due to a combination of demographic, socioeconomic, and institutional factors. A two-stage random sampling method was used to gather data from a sample of 384 respondents, of whom 276 (71.87%) were adopters and 108 (28.13%) were nonadopters. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including <i>t</i>-tests and chi-square tests, were employed to characterize the selected households. Furthermore, Cragg's double-hurdle econometric model was utilized to analyze the determinants affecting household adoption and the intensity of improved teff seed use. The results from the first hurdle (adoption decision) indicate that farming experience, education level, farm size, participation in demonstration plots, attendance at field days, family size, frequency of extension contacts, and household income all have positive and significant effects on the likelihood of adoption. Conversely, the age of the household has a negative effect. The second hurdle (intensity of adoption) results suggest that the level of improved teff seed use is similarly positively influenced by education, farm size, participation in demonstrations and field days, extension contacts, and income, while age remains negatively associated. Based on these findings, researchers, policymakers, extension service providers, and development organizations focused on agriculture should prioritize these key factors to promote the adoption and intensive use of improved teff technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.71030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Introduction to Simple Saccharides and Oligosaccharides, and a Decadal Review of Their Analysis in Food by Ion Chromatography and Ion Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry","authors":"Hans S. A. Yates,&nbsp;James. F. Carter,&nbsp;Achamma Joseph,&nbsp;Melody Chaussende,&nbsp;Mary T. Fletcher,&nbsp;Viviene Santiago,&nbsp;Natasha L. Hungerford","doi":"10.1002/fsn3.70855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.70855","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper provides a decadal review of literature describing the analysis of simple saccharides and oligosaccharides in food by ion chromatography pulsed amperometric detection (IC/PAD) and ion chromatography mass spectrometry (IC/MS) as emerging techniques. The concentrations of these saccharides in food have important health implications and affect technical attributes of food quality. Saccharides have been analyzed over many decades using a diverse range of physical, chemical, and chromatographic techniques, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. In the past decade, ion chromatography (IC) has appeared as a contender with substantial benefits over established techniques. It is conducted without sample derivatization, unlike other techniques of comparable accuracy. Limits of detection (LOD) are also comparable, typically 20 μg/L when coupled with a pulsed amperometric detector or 1 mg/kg food using ion chromatography single quadrupole mass spectrometry. This compares to LODs of 2 g/kg food by high performance/liquid chromatography refractive index detector and 2 mg/kg food for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The main strength of ion chromatography is the specificity/differentiation of simple saccharides, that has resulted in the discoveries of several unreported saccharides in foods. Examples include isomaltose in flour, erlose in stingless bee honey and arabinose, ribose, rhamnose, xylose, mannose, trehalose, maltose and raffinose in paprika. Evolving future advantages of ion chromatography in saccharide analysis include the increasing utilization of mass spectrometry, more work towards a standardized analytical methodology, and the need to investigate new, novel and admixed food types so that instrumentation continues to demonstrate relevance at the cutting edge of food research.</p>","PeriodicalId":12418,"journal":{"name":"Food Science & Nutrition","volume":"13 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fsn3.70855","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}