Food & Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Superior bioavailability of EPA and DHA from a L-lysine salt formulation: a randomized, three-way crossover study.","authors":"Christiane Schön, Antje Micka, Vishnupriya Gourineni, Roberta Bosi","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v68.11028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.11028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Omega-3 fatty acids, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) with notable health benefits. Due to limited physiological production and insufficient dietary supply, external supplementation is important.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of EPA and DHA in AvailOm^® omega-3-lysine salt (Lys-FFA) versus standard ethyl ester (EE) and triglyceride (TG) formulations after a single oral dose in healthy subjects.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A randomized, three-way crossover study was conducted with 21 healthy subjects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one subjects (10 men, 11 women) completed the study. The average age was 41.7 years, and the mean body mass index was 23.0 kg/m². The Lys-FFA formulation showed significantly higher uptake of omega-3 fatty acids (EPA+DHA combined and each individually) compared to EE. Specifically, Lys-FFA had a 9.33-fold (0-12 h) and 8.09-fold (0-24 h) higher bioavailability of EPA+DHA than EE and a 1.57-fold (0-12 h) and 1.44-fold (0-24 h) higher bioavailability than TG. ΔCmax and Tmax also favored Lys-FFA over EE.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Under fasting conditions, the absorption of EPA and DHA from EE is limited due to the need for enzymatic cleavage before absorption. This requirement is bypassed with Lys-FFA, which does not need cleavage.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study demonstrates that EPA and DHA lysine salt (Lys-FFA) offers superior bioavailability compared to EE and triglyceride forms, presenting a more effective supplementation option.German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS-ID: DRKS00029183.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"68 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11708499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142947106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of dietary quality in patients with functional gastrointestinal symptoms: a Norwegian single centre study.","authors":"Ida Marie Holm, Sissi Christiane Stove Lorentzen, Monica Hauger Carlsen, Jørgen Valeur, Tonje Mellin-Olsen, Hanna Fjeldheim Dale","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v68.10692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.10692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Poor dietary quality has been described as a contributor to symptoms in subjects with functional gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Hitherto, the focus in dietary evaluation and treatment in this patient group has mainly been on avoiding individual nutrient deficiencies, and less attention has been given to the dietary pattern and the overall food quality. Hence, we aim to describe and evaluate the dietary quality in patients with functional GI symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with GI symptoms and a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome or inflammatory bowel disease in remission, consecutively referred to a clinical dietitian for nutritional guidance, were included. All participants completed a 7-day weighed food record. The intake of foods, energy, macro- and micronutrients was computed. Dietary quality was evaluated by intake frequencies based on a predefined food index, combined with assessing achievement of nutrient intake recommendations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 35 patients were included. Intake frequencies of red meat, cheese and sweets were high, whereas intake frequencies of green leafy vegetables, berries, nuts, whole grain and legumes were low. The total intake of vegetables, fruit, berries, fish and nuts was lower than current recommendations, and the intake corresponded to intake below recommendations for several micronutrients, including vitamins D, C and A; iodine; folate; potassium; and selenium.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The group of patients with GI symptoms had overall inadequate dietary quality. Low intake of nutrient-dense food groups considered as beneficial for health corresponded with insufficient intake of several micronutrients. We recommend that dietary evaluation should focus on the intake of food groups, rather than nutrients, in the treatment of patients with functional GI symptoms, to ensure a better evaluation of dietary quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"68 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11708516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142947103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and severe headache or migraine: evidence from NHANES database.","authors":"Xiaolei Zhang, Jiangwen Wu, Ting Wu, Liwen Guo, Ruiping Zhang, Xin Jin","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v68.10338","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v68.10338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was formulated with the objective of elucidating the correlation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and the occurrence of severe headache or migraine, employing a cross-sectional analytical approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted over two cycles involving 7,661 participants, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2001 and 2004. A weighted logistic regression method was employed to construct a relationship model between the two variables. Subgroup analysis, adjusting for confounding factors, was performed through stratified analysis to explore the association between 25(OH)D and severe headaches or migraines. Finally, a restricted cubic spline regression (RCS) was utilized to investigate the non-linear relationship between the variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 7,661 participants were included in this study, with an overall prevalence of severe headaches or migraines of 1,576/7,661 (22.3%). The results from all models consistently indicated a significant negative correlation between serum 25(OH)D levels and the risk of severe headaches or migraines (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Stratified analysis revealed that in the female population (odds ratios [OR]: 0.995, 95% CI: 0.991-0.998, <i>P</i> = 0.001), never smokers (OR: 0.991, 95% CI: 0.985-0.997, <i>P</i> = 0.003), and non-drinkers (OR: 0.993, 95% CI: 0.987-0.999, <i>P</i> = 0.022), the risk of severe headaches or migraines decreased with increasing serum 25(OH)D concentrations. RCS results demonstrated a linear relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and the risk of severe headaches or migraines.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We discovered a negative correlation between serum 25(OH)D levels and the prevalence of severe headaches or migraines, particularly in females, non-smokers, and non-hypertensive individuals. Further clinical research is necessary to confirm these findings, establish causality, and explore potential preventive and therapeutic mechanisms for migraines.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"68 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11650721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Swedish dietary guideline index, gut microbial α-diversity and prevalence of metabolic syndrome - observations in the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS).","authors":"Ulrika Ericson, Sophie Hellstrand, Anna Larsson, Mariam Miari, Sergi Sayols-Baixeras, Koen F Dekkers, Göran Bergström, Andrei Malinovschi, Gunnar Engström, Johan Ärnlöv, Tove Fall, Marju Orho-Melander","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v68.10547","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v68.10547","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by coexisting risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Diet is of importance in their aetiology, and gut microbiota (GM) may constitute a link between diet and metabolic health. Understanding the interplay between diet and GM could contribute novel insights for future dietary guidelines, and aid in preventive actions to motivate adherence to dietary guidelines.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We intended to create a Swedish dietary guideline index (SweDGI) measuring adherence to 12 Swedish dietary guidelines and examine whether SweDGI and its components are associated with GM α-diversity (Shannon index) and prevalent MetS, and if the association between the Shannon index and MetS differs depending on SweDGI.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>SweDGI was based on food-frequency data assessed 2014-2018 in 10,396 diabetes-free participants from the Malmö and Uppsala-sites of the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) (50-64 y, 53% women). We estimated the Shannon index from shotgun metagenomic sequencing-data to assess microbial richness and evenness. We used a general linear model to examine cross-sectional SweDGI-Shannon associations and logistic regression for associations with MetS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most guidelines were followed by less than half of the participants. Men showed poorer adherence. Higher SweDGI was linked to higher Shannon index (<i>P</i>-trend across five SweDGI-groups = 1.7 × 10^-12). Most guidelines contributed to this observation. Higher SweDGI and Shannon index were associated with lower MetS-prevalence, where the lowest prevalence was observed among those with both high SweDGI and high Shannon index (odds ratio:0.43; 95% confidence interval:0.35, 0.52). Both the Shannon index and SweDGI were associated with MetS, independently of the level of the other factor (<i>P</i>-interaction = 0.82).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We created a new index to comprehensively reflect adherence to the Swedish dietary guidelines in sub-cohorts within the large multicentre SCAPIS study. Better adherence was associated with a richer and more even GM and lower prevalence of MetS. The inverse association between the Shannon index and MetS was consistent at different levels of adherence to dietary guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"68 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11650442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of oleocanthal-rich olive oil on postprandial oxidative stress markers of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Maria Efthymia Katsa, Andrea Paola Rojas Gil, Evangelia-Mantelena Makri, Spyridon Papadogiannis, Anastasios Ioannidis, Marianna Kalliostra, Kleopatra Ketselidi, Panagiotis Diamantakos, Eleni Melliou, Prokopios Magiatis, Tzortzis Nomikos","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v68.10882","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v68.10882","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by postprandial dysmetabolism, which has been linked to post-meal redox disturbances. Oleocanthal (OO), one of the most potent bioactive phenols of extra virgin olive oil, has shown redox modulating properties in vitro. However, its acute, in vivo antioxidant properties have never been studied before.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the kinetics of five redox markers (Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances [TBARS] and glutathione peroxidase activity in serum-GPx3 and erythrocytes (GPx1), protein carbonyls in serum) after the consumption different meals.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Five different isocaloric meals comprised of white bread and butter (BU) or butter plus ibuprofen (BU-IBU) or olive oil poor in OO or olive oils containing 250 and 500 mg/Kg of oleocanthal (OO250 and OO500, respectively). We hypothesized that OO-rich olive oil will reduce postprandial oxidative stress in T2DM patients compared to other lipid sources. This study involved 10 patients with T2DM and had a cross-over design.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The comparison of incremental Area Under Curves (iAUCs) has shown that OO-rich olive oils were able to alleviate the increments of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and GPx3 and induce a higher red blood cells (RBCs) GPx1 activity compared to OO (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The effect was dose and redox marker depended. Correlation analysis in the pooled sample demonstrated a positive association between postprandial ex vivo platelet sensitivity to ADP and iAUC TBARS. In conclusion, our study has shown that OO-rich olive oils can favorably modulate lipid peroxidation and RBC GPx activity in T2DM patients when consumed as part of a carbohydrate meal.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study demonstrates for the first time that, apart from its anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet properties, OO can also exert acute antioxidant effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This finding emphasizes the health benefits of extra virgin olive oil, particularly those with a high OO content, for T2DM patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"68 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11650448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood circulation effect of fermented citrus bioconversion product (FCBP) in EA.hy926 endothelial cells and high-fat diet-fed mouse model.","authors":"Eun-Chae Cho, Hyuck Se Kwon, Na Young Lee, Hyun Jeong Oh, Yean-Jung Choi","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v68.10682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.10682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The escalating global burden of cardiovascular diseases, largely driven by unhealthy lifestyle choices and dietary patterns, has intensified the search for effective and safe interventions. With current treatments often marred by significant side effects, the exploration of natural compounds such as flavonoids presents a compelling alternative.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the effects of fermented citrus bioconversion product (FCBP), a fermented citrus bioflavonoid, on various markers of cardiovascular health in the context of a high-fat diet.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong><i>In vivo</i>, a high-fat diet-induced mouse model was used to assess the effects of FCBP on body weight, serum nitric oxide (NO) levels, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure on red blood cells, and the expression of inflammatory markers Intercellular Adhesion Molecule (ICAM)-1 and Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule (VCAM)-1 in the thoracic aorta. <i>In vitro</i>, EA.hy926 endothelial cells were used to evaluate the compound's effects on cell viability, NO production, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression, and cell adhesion molecule (CAM) levels to further understand the mechanisms behind the <i>in vivo</i> findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>In vivo</i>, FCBP supplementation led to a dose-dependent reduction in weight gain, a significant decrease in serum NO levels at 10 mg/kg, and reduced ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expressions in the thoracic aorta, indicating anti-inflammatory properties. PS exposure on red blood cells was also reduced, suggesting decreased procoagulant activity, while aPTT remained unchanged. <i>In vitro</i>, FCBP was non-cytotoxic to endothelial cells, showed a trend toward increased NO production and eNOS expression, and reduced the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, supporting its potential anti-inflammatory effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FCBP demonstrates potential as a bioactive compound for managing cardiovascular health by reducing inflammation, mitigating weight gain, and influencing blood circulation-related parameters under high-fat diet conditions. Further studies, including diverse models and human trials, are warranted to elucidate its mechanisms and compare its efficacy with established cardiovascular therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"68 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11556378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142617358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating environmental sustainability into food-based dietary guidelines in the Nordic countries.","authors":"Ellen Trolle, Jelena Meinilä, Hanna Eneroth, Helle Margrete Meltzer, Inga Þórsdóttir, Thorhallur Halldorsson, Maijaliisa Erkkola","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v68.10792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.10792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The overall aim of this paper was to provide background knowledge to the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023 Committee for integrating environmental sustainability in a framework for national Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDG) within the Nordics and Baltics. Additionally, this paper aims to give an overview of recent Nordic scientific literature on environmental impact of foods and dietary patterns and of the FBDG of the Nordics. Finally, we suggest methods for developing national sustainable FBDG. Nordic and Baltic studies on sustainability of diets were searched in August 2022 and complemented with additional relevant literature. The studies show that current diets are far from environmentally sustainable, exceeding planetary boundaries for most impact categories; meat and dairy products being the largest contributors to dietary greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs) and land use. Scenario, modelling, optimisation and intervention studies confirm the potential of shifting towards more plant-based diets to improve overall diet quality in terms of both health and environmental sustainability. Such diets comprised of vegetables, fruits, legumes, potatoes, whole grain and refined cereal products, nuts, seeds and vegetable oils, with animal foods in moderate or limited amounts. The FBDG in the Nordics promotes more plant-based diets than the current average diet but could improve from further integration of environmental sustainability. To form basis for sustainable FBDG dietary modelling at the national level, prioritising health outcomes and nutritional adequacy is essential. Second, integrating environmental sustainability involves estimating the impact of food choices and amounts on GHGE, land and water use, eutrophication and biodiversity loss. Exploring positive and negative implications of fortified foods and supplementation in relation to nutrient intake, health and environmental sustainability may be needed. Implementing dietary transition requires solutions beyond FBDG to ensure affordability, acceptability and ease of adaption.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"68 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11549731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142617361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Gochujang</i> suppresses cell survival and changes reactive oxygen species metabolism in colorectal cancer cells.","authors":"Eun-Bi Seo, So-Min Oh, Anna Han","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v68.10844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.10844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a significant global increase in colorectal cancer (CRC) among young adults. <i>Gochujang</i>, one of the signature Korean traditional fermented foods, contains various bioactive compounds and has multiple health-beneficial effects, including anticancer effects; however, the detailed cellular and molecular mechanisms of its anticancer outcomes are not fully understood. The objective of the present study was to investigate the detailed underlying anticancer mechanisms of <i>Gochujang</i> in CRC cells. <i>Gochujang</i> was extracted with 80% ethanol, and total polyphenol contents (9.9 ± 1.63 mgGAE/g) and total flavonoid contents (0.14 ± 0.07 mgQE/g) of <i>Gochujang</i> extract (GE) were evaluated. GE significantly suppressed cell viability, migration, and colony formation in CRC cells. Also, GE increased the cell cycle arrest-related protein p21 level, whereas it decreased cell cycle progression-associated proteins, such as p-Rb. Moreover, GE markedly elevated the levels of proapoptotic proteins (e.g. Bim and c-PARP), while it downregulated antiapoptotic protein expressions (e.g. Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL). GE also altered the expression of the autophagy-involved proteins. Furthermore, GE strongly reduced the expression of major antioxidant enzymes and increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in CRC cells, causing an imbalance of ROS metabolism. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that <i>Gochujang</i> exerts anticancer effects in CRC cells by inhibiting cell proliferation, increasing cell death, and interrupting ROS metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"68 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11549730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142617329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adipose tissue-derived extracellular vesicles from obese mice suppressed splenocyte-mediated pancreatic cancer cell death.","authors":"Inae Jeong, Shinjung Park, Jinbum Park, Ok-Kyung Kim","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v68.10545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.10545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity is a risk factor for pancreatic cancer and negatively contributes to the immune system. However, the mechanisms by which obesity mediates these actions are still poorly understood. Recent studies have demonstrated that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key mediators of communication between cells and may influence various aspects of cancer progression.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aim to explore the influence of EVs derived from adipose tissue of obese mice on cytokine production within the interactions between cancer cells and immune cells.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We isolated EVs from the adipose tissue of both C57BL6/J mice and <i>Ob/Ob</i> mice. Subsequently, we treated EVs with Panc02 cells, the murine ductal pancreatic cancer cell line, which were co-cultured with splenocytes. Viability and SMAD4 gene expression were examined in Panc02 cells, and cytokine concentrations of IL-6, IL-4, IL-12, and IL-12p70 were measured in the cultured medium.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Interestingly, we observed a significant reduction in splenocyte-mediated Panc02 cell death when treated with EVs derived from the adipose tissue of <i>Ob/Ob</i> mice, compared to those from C57BL6/J mice. Additionally, EVs from <i>Ob/Ob</i> mice-derived adipose tissue significantly increased the levels of IL-4, IL-2, and IL-12p70 in the culture media of Panc02 cells co-cultured with splenocytes, compared to EVs from C57BL6/J mice-derived adipose tissue.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adipose tissue-derived EVs from obese mice suppressed splenocyte-mediated Panc02 cell death and upregulated IL-4, IL-2, and IL-12p70 in cultured medium.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"68 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11457911/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responses to the updated Nutri-Score algorithms in Norway: A qualitative study among food system actors in the NewTools-project.","authors":"Mari Mohn Paulsen, Bente Øvrebø, Anne Lene Løvhaug, Kaja Lund-Iversen, Lene Frost Andersen, Arnfinn Helleve, Marianne Hope Abel","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v68.10254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.10254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nutri-Score is a front-of-pack label grading foods and beverages from A to E indicating nutritional quality based on the foods' favorable and unfavorable components, and a contender in the ongoing debate on the possible implementation of a harmonized mandatory front-of-pack nutrition label in the European Union. NewTools is a research project on scoring systems for foods involving 28 partners representing actors involved in the Norwegian food system.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore views reported by Norwegian food system actors on the advantages and disadvantages with the updated Nutri-Score algorithms for food and beverages (2022-2023). This included Nutri-Score's performance in ranking foods according to the national food-based dietary guidelines and to the nutritional challenges in Norway.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A total of 28 project partners and 15 other food system stakeholders following the NewTools-project were invited to provide responses on the Nutri-Score algorithms and their application on foods and beverages in the Norwegian food composition table. Thirteen written responses were received and analyzed with qualitative content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The responses to the updated Nutri-Score varied in content, reflecting mainly concerns. Examples of perceived concerns included excessive penalty of salt content; insufficient differentiation based on fat content in meat, sausages, cheese, and milk; and several unreasonable comparisons across food categories. They also expressed a concern that Nutri-Score may stimulate to increased food processing, and some reported inconsistencies between Nutri-Score's classification of foods and national nutrition guidelines and policies.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>Several concerns with the updated Nutri-Score algorithms were raised, including the weighting of specific nutrients, unfair outcomes when comparing across food categories, and inconsistencies with established Norwegian nutrition guidelines and policies. The results should be interpreted with caution, as some perspectives from the Norwegian food system may be missing.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"68 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11457909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142389167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}