Food & Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Protective effect of <i>Allium hookeri</i> water extract and its main compound, Cycloalliin, on foam cell formation in THP-1-derived macrophages.","authors":"Ha-Rin Moon, Jung-Mi Yun","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.10763","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.10763","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Low-density lipoproteins are oxidized and modified by macrophages. This process leads to the formation of macrophage-derived cholesterol-rich foam cells, which are a hallmark of early atherosclerosis. The accumulation of these form cells plays a crucial role in atherosclerosis progression. &lt;i&gt;Allium hookeri&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;A. hookeri&lt;/i&gt;), a medicinal herb commonly used in Southeast Asia, is known for its various bioactive effects, including antioxidant, antibacterial, and antidiabetic properties. However, the repressive effect of &lt;i&gt;A. hookeri&lt;/i&gt; extract on foam cell formation in THP-1 macrophages remains unclear.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to explore the effect of &lt;i&gt;A. hookeri&lt;/i&gt; hot water extract (AHWE) and its primary compound, cycloalliin, on foam cell formation. This investigation involves a combined treatment of oxidized low-density lipoprotein and lipopolysaccharide to stimulate the development of atherosclerosis &lt;i&gt;in vitro.&lt;/i&gt; Additionally, the regulatory mechanisms underlying this process were elucidated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design: &lt;/strong&gt;THP-1 cells were differentiated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (1 μM) for 48 h. Subsequently, they were treated with either AHWE or cycloalliin for 48 h. THP-1 macrophages were treated with combined ox-LDL (20 μg/mL) and LPS (500 ng/mL) for 24 h. Cell viability was assessed using MTT assays, while lipid accumulation was visualized through Oil Red O staining. The levels of corresponding proteins and mRNA were quantified using western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reactions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;THP-1 cells were differentiated with PMA (1 μM) for 48 h and then treated with or without AHWE and cycloalliin for 48 h. Subsequently, THP-1 macrophages were treated with combined ox-LDL (20 μg/mL) and LPS (500 ng/mL) for 24 h before harvesting. Ox-LDL and LPS treatment for 24 h enhanced the lipid accumulation in foam cells compared to those in untreated cells using Oil red O staining. Conversely, AHWE and cycloalliin treatment inhibited lipid accumulation in foam cells. These treatments significantly upregulated cholesterol efflux-related genes, including ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1), liver-X-receptor ɑ (LXRɑ), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) expression. Additionally, AHWE and cycloalliin decreased lipid accumulation-related genes, including lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1), cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), and scavenger receptor A1 (SR-A1) expression. Furthermore, the combined treatment of ox-LDL and LPS increased the activation and expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α] and IL-6) compared with those in untreated cells. However, AHWE and cycloalliin suppressed the expression of NF-κB, COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-6.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;AHWE and cy","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Attenuation of postprandial blood glucose in humans consuming isomaltodextrin: carbohydrate loading studies.","authors":"Tsuyoshi Sadakiyo, Yuki Ishida, Shin-Ichiro Inoue, Yoshifumi Taniguchi, Takeo Sakurai, Ryodai Takagaki, Mayumi Kurose, Tetsuya Mori, Akiko Yamashita-Yasuda, Hitoshi Mitsuzumi, Michio Kubota, Hikaru Watanabe, Shigeharu Fukuda","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v69.12729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1080/16546628.2017.1325306.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fermented ginseng powder enriched with rare ginsenosides ameliorates high-fat diet-induced obesity by modulating adipogenesis and inflammation.","authors":"Xueyue Tai, Jiating Li, Jianwei Song, Bao Zhong, Fenglin Li","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12230","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Administration of high-dose fermented ginseng powder (2.385 mg/g) resulted in a reduction in body weight and an improvement in blood biochemical parameters in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Significant reductions in lipid droplet size were observed in both liver and epididymal adipose tissues. Western blot analysis showed increased protein levels of PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, and PGC-1 in the HFD + low-dose lyophilized fermented ginseng powder (HDL), HFD + medium-dose lyophilized fermented ginseng powder (HDM), and HFD + high-dose lyophilized fermented ginseng powder (HDH) groups compared to the HD group. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of AMPK (P-AMPK) and ACC (P-ACC) was significantly elevated. Conversely, western blot analysis demonstrated a decrease in the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α in the CG, HDL, HDM, and HDH groups compared to the HD group. Gene expression analysis revealed a downregulation of lipid anabolism-related genes, including <i>SREBP-1c</i> and <i>FAS</i>, along with an upregulation of <i>PPAR-γ</i> and <i>ACOX-1</i> mRNA levels. Additionally, the expression of inflammation-related genes such as <i>IL-1</i>, <i>IL-6</i>, and <i>TNF-α</i> was reduced. High-dose freeze-dried fermented ginseng powder (2.385 mg/g) significantly influenced lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for the management of dyslipidemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conflict-induced household-level food insecurity in conflict-affected areas of Northeastern Ethiopia.","authors":"Dawit Bezabih, Mehretie Belay, Simachew Bantigegn","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.11736","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.11736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conflict-induced food insecurity has been currently emerging to be a widespread challenge to the decent livelihood of the human population. This study examined conflict-induced food insecurity in conflict-affected areas of the northeastern part of Ethiopia. This study assessed three time periods (pre-conflict, conflict, and post-conflict times) to analyze the impact of conflict on the studied households. Food consumption score and household food insecurity access scale tools were used to measure the food security status of households. Descriptive statistics and independent t-test were used to analyze the data. The major finding confirmed that the food security status of both urban and rural households in the study areas was negatively affected by the conflict. Compared to the pre-conflict period (22.2%), the number of food-insecure households at the time of the conflict was three times higher. Though the food security status of both rural and urban households was affected by the conflict in the area, the effect was much severe for the rural households. The number of food-insecure rural households during the conflict was three times higher than the pre-conflict period. During the conflict, female-headed households (78.3%) were more vulnerable to food insecurity than male-headed households. The independent t-test result confirmed the presence of a difference in food security status between rural and urban households (<i>P</i> > 0.01) and between female- and male-headed households (<i>P</i> > 0.021). Food security status variations were also seen among the study livelihood zones. Households from the north wello east plain livelihood zone suffered a lot (71.3%). The result suggested that any project aiming at improving households' food security in conflict-affected areas should give attention to the provision of food aid, agricultural inputs, credit services, and financial support to the affected community. Restoring peace would rather be the long-lasting solution to minimize the conflict-induced food insecurity in the area.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of water extract of bay laurel (<i>Laurus nobilis</i> L.) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).","authors":"Minhee Lee, Jeongjin Park, Dakyung Kim, Seong-Hoo Park, Jaeeun Jung, Woojin Jun, Jinhak Kim, Kwang-Soo Baek, Ok-Kyung Kim, Jeongmin Lee","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.10668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v69.10668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) involves lipid accumulation in liver without consumption of alcohol and affects many people worldwide. NAFLD is associated with metabolic syndrome disease such as obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. However, there are no pharmacologic therapies for NAFLD. Recently, there are increasing reports that several natural plants can inhibit lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Bay laurel (<i>Laurus nobilis</i> L.) leaves have been used in traditional medicine for rheumatism, stomach ache, emetic, skin rashes, and earaches. Our objective was to investigate the effect of bay laurel leaves water extract (BLW) on free fatty acid (FFA) treated hepatocyte and high fructose, high fat (HFHF) diet in a mouse model of NAFLD. <i>In vitro</i>, lipid accumulation increased only in the FFA treated group, while BLW reduced lipid accumulation to a level comparable to that only in the FFA treated group. Cellular antioxidants were increased in the BLW compared to the only FFA-treated group, but cellular MDA levels were decreased in the BLW compared to the only FFA treated group. Cellular lipid accumulation, inflammation, and apoptosis were reduced in the BLW compared to the only FFA treated group. <i>In vivo</i>, serum ALT, AST, and GGT levels in the BLW supplementation group were significantly decreased compared with the HFHF group. Hepatic TC, TG, and MDA levels were significantly decreased in the HFHF+100 and HFHF+200 groups compared to the HFHF group. The hepatic antioxidant activities in the BLW supplementation groups were significantly increased compared to the HFHF group. The expression of proteins related to hepatic inflammation and apoptosis was reduced in the BLW supplementation groups compared to the HFHF group. These results suggest that BLW could be potentially useful in the treatment of NAFLD due to its inhibitory effects on hepatic lipogenesis, hepatic inflammation, and hepatic apoptosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12045078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the anti-osteoarthritic effects and mechanisms of <i>Cissus quadrangularis</i> extract containing quercetin and isorhamnetin in a rat model of monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis.","authors":"Yean-Jung Choi, Jae In Jung, Jaewoo Bae, Jae Kyoung Lee, Eun Ji Kim","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v69.12173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by cartilage degradation, subchondral bone erosion, and chronic inflammation. Current treatments primarily focus on symptom relief and have significant side effects, highlighting the need for safer, more effective alternatives. <i>Cissus quadrangularis</i> extract (CQE), containing bioactive flavonoids quercetin and isorhamnetin, has shown potential anti-inflammatory and cartilage-protective properties.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the anti-osteoarthritic effects and mechanisms of action of CQE in a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA rat model.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were induced with OA through intra-articular injection of MIA and treated with CQE at doses of 30, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day. The effects of CQE on knee joint damage, subchondral bone erosion, cartilage structure, proteoglycan content, and the expression of inflammatory mediators and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were assessed using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), histological staining, immunofluorescence, and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CQE significantly mitigated knee joint damage, reduced subchondral bone erosion, and enhanced bone volume and trabecular structure in MIA-induced OA rats. It also preserved cartilage integrity by maintaining proteoglycan content and the expression of collagen type II alpha 1 (COL2A1) and aggrecan. Moreover, CQE suppressed the mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators [inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX)], pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)], and MMPs (MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, and MMP-13), indicating strong anti-inflammatory and cartilage-protective effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CQE exhibits significant therapeutic potential in managing OA by targeting multiple aspects of disease progression, including inflammation, cartilage degradation, and bone erosion. Further research is needed to explore long-term efficacy, safety, and the molecular mechanisms of CQE, as well as to validate these findings in human clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12013599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Nutri-Score and NewTools-score in a Norwegian setting using a reference standard based on nutrition experts' ranking of foods' healthiness.","authors":"Mari Mohn Paulsen, Lisa Bucher Holm, Anna Amberntsson, Marianne Hope Abel, Lene Frost Andersen","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.11444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v69.11444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Nutri-Score is a color-coded front-of-pack nutrition label that classifies foods and beverages from A (higher nutritional quality) to E (lower nutritional quality). The NewTools-score is an adaptation of the Nutri-Score 2023-version, modified to better align with the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations. Validating nutrient profiling models in different countries is crucial for their reliability and effectiveness in promoting healthier food choices and combating non-communicable diseases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the convergent validity of the Nutri-Score and the NewTools-score by evaluating their agreement with a reference standard based on rankings of foods' healthiness by Norwegian nutrition experts. Additionally, we examined the consistency among these experts in rating foods' healthiness representative of the Norwegian diet.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Between August and December 2023, 29 nutrition experts completed a web-based questionnaire, scoring 100 foods on a scale from 1 (less healthy) to 6 (very healthy) based on the Norwegian food-based dietary guidelines. Agreement among experts was evaluated using descriptive statistics and Cronbach's alpha. We calculated both Nutri-Score and NewTools-score for all 100 foods and assessed their agreement with the reference standard through cross-classification and score distribution analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The nutrition experts exhibited high agreement in their healthiness ratings of foods representative of the Norwegian diet. The Nutri-Score 2023-version showed good agreement with the experts for most foods, although discrepancies were observed for wholegrain and refined grains, fat content in dairy products, certain fish products, and plant-based dairy and meat substitutes. The NewTools-score displayed overall better agreement with the reference standard for several foods and with fewer discrepancies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Norwegian nutrition experts showed high agreement in rating the healthiness of foods representative of the Norwegian diet. While the Nutri-Score 2023-version aligned well with experts' ratings, the NewTools-score demonstrated better agreement than Nutri-Score in this Norwegian context, despite some remaining discrepancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12013598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143989837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D status in Norwegian children and associations between child vitamin D status, dietary factors, and maternal vitamin D status.","authors":"Anne Lene Kristiansen, Jannicke Borch Myhre, Linn Kristin Lie Øyri, Kirsten B Holven, Lene Frost Andersen","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.10727","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.10727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>There is limited data regarding the vitamin D status of infants and young children in Norway. We aimed to assess vitamin D status among Norwegian children at approximately 6 and 12 months of age and explore associations between child vitamin D status, dietary factors, and maternal vitamin D status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mothers/parents completed a food frequency questionnaire for their 6/12-month-old child. Dried blood spot samples were collected from the mother and child.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (S-25(OH)D) concentration was 81 nmol/L (standard deviation [SD] 22 nmol/L) for 6-month-old children (<i>n</i> = 84) and 72 nmol/L (SD 22 nmol/L) for 12-month-old children (<i>n</i> = 56) (<i>P</i> = 0.03 for difference between age groups). In the younger and older age groups, 94 and 88% of the children, respectively, had a S-25(OH)D concentration ≥ 50 nmol/L. The mean dietary vitamin D intake was 12 μg/day for the 6-month-olds and 14 μg/day for the 12-month-olds. Adjusted linear regression models showed that for every μg/day increase in dietary vitamin D intake, serum 25(OH)D (nmol/L) increased by around one nmol/L for both age groups (<i>P</i> = 0.002 for the younger age group and <i>P</i> = 0.04 for the older age group). Use of vitamin D supplements was associated with higher S-25(OH)D concentrations in both age groups, while a higher S-25(OH)D concentration among formula users was found only in the youngest age group. Breastfeeding was not associated with S-25(OH)D concentration in either age group. Small positive correlations between child and maternal vitamin D status were observed for both the younger (<i>r</i> = 0.22) and the older (<i>r</i> = 0.28) age groups (<i>P</i> = 0.04 for both groups).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While there was a wide range in S-25(OH)D concentrations among children, most were within the sufficient range. Adequate vitamin D intake should be encouraged both in the first and second year of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11836780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvements to the Nutri-Score to address challenges identified in a Nordic setting.","authors":"Anna Amberntsson, Mari Mohn Paulsen, Marta Angela Bianchi, Bryndís Eva Birgisdóttir, Anja Pia Biltoft-Jensen, Dina Moxness Konglevoll, Anne Lise Brantsæter, Kaja Lund-Iversen, Lene Frost Andersen, Marianne Hope Abel","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.10914","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.10914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Front-of-pack nutrition labelling is an important policy tool for public health. The Nutri-Score classifies foods according to nutritional quality from A (high quality) to E (low quality). We have previously identified inconsistencies between Nutri-Score and the Norwegian food-based dietary guidelines. The objective was to propose revisions to the Nutri-Score 2023 algorithms and determine if the revised algorithms better align with the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023 (NNR2023) and the Keyhole label.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Items in the Norwegian pre-packed foods databases Tradesolution (<i>n</i> = 26,033) and Unil (<i>n</i> = 577) were classified using the Nutri-Score 2023 algorithms. To address carbohydrate quality, a penalty for low-fibre content was introduced, and the sugar scale compressed. The protein cap was removed for fish products to reward their nutritional quality. To improve the scoring of high-fat foods, the scale for saturated fat was extended, fat content determined the inclusion in the algorithm for fats, rather than food categories, and favourable fat quality in oils was rewarded through a fat quality component. Data from the databases guided the identification of specific thresholds. The distribution of Nutri-Score was calculated before and after applying the revisions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 5.5% of all products received a less favourable Nutri-Score with the revised carbohydrate quality components. Most refined pastas and flour shifted shifted from A to B or C, whilst whole grain pasta largely remained A. Sugar-rich breakfast cereals shifted from B to C or D. For fish, 11% (1% of all products) were moved from D or E to C or D. The variation in scores for cheese and creams increased. Around 5% of all products were affected by the revisions related to fat quality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed revisions make the Nutri-Score more coherent with the NNR2023 and the Keyhole label. The proposed revisions also hold relevance for other European countries and should therefore be considered in the next revision of the Nutri-Score.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11836775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of combined deer antler polysaccharides and postbiotics supplementation for regulating obesity in mice.","authors":"Lanyue Yin, Jiating Li, Xueyue Tai, Guoqi Zhang, Mingran Luan, Bao Zhong, Fenglin Li","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.11634","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.11634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the mechanisms related to lipid metabolism regulation after combined supplementation with deer antler polysaccharides and postbiotics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-two male mice were divided into high-fat diet, HD + deer antler polysaccharides, HD + <i>Bacillus coagulans</i> postbiotics, and HD + deer antler polysaccharides + <i>B. coagulans</i> postbiotics groups. The diets contained 60% fat. After 9 weeks, the effects of deer antler polysaccharides and postbiotics on lipid metabolism were assessed through blood biochemical, histological tissue staining, and polymerase chain reaction analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Supplementation with deer antler polysaccharides and postbiotics significantly inhibited weight gain in obese mice, reduced serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein levels and markedly increased the serum high-density lipoprotein level. Additionally, hepatic lipid droplet accumulation and adipocyte hypertrophy improved. The expressions of the lipid synthesis genes, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (i.e. <i>SREBP-1c</i>), and fatty acid synthase (i.e. <i>FAS</i>), significantly decreased, while peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (i.e. <i>PPAR-α</i>) and acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (i.e. <i>ACOX1</i>) expression significantly increased. The expressions of the inflammation-related genes, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (i.e. <i>TNF-α</i>), interleukin (<i>IL</i>)<i>-6</i>, and <i>IL-1</i> also significantly decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Thus, combined deer antler polysaccharides and postbiotic supplementation regulated obesity in mice, potentially by modulating lipid synthesis and inflammation-related gene expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11836782/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}