Food & Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"A synergistic blend of <i>Garcinia mangostana</i> fruit rind and <i>Cinnamomum tamala</i> leaf extracts enhances myogenic differentiation and mitochondrial biogenesis <i>in vitro</i> and muscle growth and strength in mice.","authors":"Swaraj Sinha,&nbsp;Krishnaraju Venkata Alluri,&nbsp;Venkateswarlu Somepalli,&nbsp;Trimurtulu Golakoti,&nbsp;Krishanu Sengupta","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9750","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A proprietary combination of <i>Garcinia mangostana</i> fruit rind and <i>Cinnamomum tamala</i> leaf extracts (LI80020F4, CinDura^®) improved the physical performance and muscle strength of resistance-trained adult males.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study assessed the underlying mechanisms of the ergogenic potential of LI80020F4 in <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The individual extracts and their combination (LI80020F4) were assessed for nitrite production in EAhy926 human endothelial cells. Subsequent experiments evaluated the effect of LI80020F4 in myotube formation in C2C12 mouse myoblasts, expression of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling proteins, myogenic factors, and mitochondrial functions in L6 rat myoblasts.Moreover, adult male ICR mice were randomly assigned (<i>n</i> = 15) into vehicle control (G1), exercise alone (G2), oxymetholone-16 mg/kg body weight (bw) (G3), and 75 (G4)-, 150 (G5)-, or 300 (G6) mg/kg bw of LI80020F4, orally gavaged for 28 days. G1 and G2 mice received 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium. Following completion, muscle strength and physical performance were assessed on forelimb grip strength and forced swimming test (FST), respectively. Gastrocnemius (GA), tibialis anterior (TA) muscle weights, muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA), levels of muscle, and serum protein markers were also determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LI80020F4 increased nitrite production in EAhy926 cells in a dose-dependent manner. LI80020F4 induced C2C12 myotube formation, increased mitochondrial biogenesis, upregulated the expressions of activated mTOR and other mitochondria and myogenic proteins, and mitigated H₂O₂-induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization in the myoblast cells. In the animal study, 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg bw LI80020F4 doses significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.05) increased the animals' forelimb grip strength. Mid- and high-dose groups showed increased swimming time, increased muscle weight, CSA, muscle growth-related, and mitochondrial protein expressions in the GA muscles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LI80020F4 increases nitric oxide production in the endothelial cells, mitochondrial biogenesis and function, upregulates skeletal muscle growth-related protein expressions and reduces oxidative stress; together, it explains the basis of the ergogenic potential of LI80020F4.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10619412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71422013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal methyl donor supplementation regulates the effects of cafeteria diet on behavioral changes and nutritional status in male offspring.","authors":"Katya Herrera,&nbsp;Roger Maldonado-Ruiz,&nbsp;Alberto Camacho-Morales,&nbsp;Ana Laura de la Garza,&nbsp;Heriberto Castro","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9828","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nutritional status and maternal feeding during the perinatal and postnatal periods can program the offspring to develop long-term health alterations. Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated an association between maternal obesity and intellectual disability/cognitive deficits like autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in offspring. Experimental findings have consistently been indicating that maternal supplementation with methyl donors, attenuated the social alterations and repetitive behavior in offspring.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to analyze the effect of maternal cafeteria diet and methyl donor-supplemented diets on social, anxiety-like, and repetitive behavior in male offspring, besides evaluating weight gain and food intake in both dams and male offspring.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>C57BL/6 female mice were randomized into four dietary formulas: control Chow (CT), cafeteria (CAF), control + methyl donor (CT+M), and cafeteria + methyl donor (CAF+M) during the pre-gestational, gestational, and lactation period. Behavioral phenotyping in the offspring was performed by 2-month-old using Three-Chamber Test, Open Field Test, and Marble Burying Test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that offspring prenatally exposed to CAF diet displayed less social interaction index when compared with subjects exposed to Chow diet (CT group). Notably, offspring exposed to CAF+M diet recovered social interaction when compared to the CAF group.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings suggest that maternal CAF diet is efficient in promoting reduced social interaction in murine models. In our study, we hypothesized that a maternal methyl donor supplementation could improve the behavioral alterations expected in maternal CAF diet offspring.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The CAF diet also contributed to a social deficit and anxiety-like behavior in the offspring. On the other hand, a maternal methyl donor-supplemented CAF diet normalized the social interaction in the offspring although it led to an increase in anxiety-like behaviors. These findings suggest that a methyl donor supplementation could protect against aberrant social behavior probably targeting key genes related to neurotransmitter pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10619398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71422020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the risk factors of duodenogastric reflux in relation to different dietary habits in a Chinese population of the Zhangjiakou area.","authors":"Zhao Peng,&nbsp;Rui Wang,&nbsp;Na Wu,&nbsp;Huiru Gao,&nbsp;Huibin Gao,&nbsp;Duo Li","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9385","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the risk factors of duodenogastric reflux (DGR) in relation to different dietary habits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 106 patients with symptoms of DGR who underwent electronic gastroscopy from June 2019 to June 2020 were selected and divided into the DGR group (<i>n</i> = 33) and the non-DGR group (<i>n</i> = 73) according to the diagnosis of bile reflux. Questionnaires were used to collect the basic information and dietary habits of the patients, including age, gender, body mass index, place of residence, comorbidities, dietary composition, salt intake, smoking and drinking consumption. The total bile acid (TBA) and cholesterol (CHO) of the gastric juice were measured using a fully automated biochemical analyser, with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay used for the serum cholecystokinin, gastrin and gastrin levels. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to predict the attendant DGR risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference in age or gender between the DGR and the non-DGR groups (<i>P</i> > 0.05). The proportion of patients living in the Bashang region was significantly higher in the DGR group (78.79%) than in the non-DGR group (38.36%) (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The levels of TBA and CHO in the gastric juice and the cholecystokinin and gastrin levels in the serum of the DGR group were higher than those in the non-DGR group, while the serum motilin levels were significantly lower in the DGR group than in the non-DGR group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The univariate analysis indicated that the proportion of patients with daily consumption of dairy products and fried foods, a high salt intake and smoking and drinking consumption were significantly higher in the DGR than in the non-DGR group (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The daily consumption of dairy products and a preference for fried food are independent risk factors for the occurrence of DGR (odds ratio ≥ 1, <i>P</i> < 0.05).</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10619390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71422019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin K - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023.","authors":"Arja T Lyytinen,&nbsp;Allan Linneberg","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.10260","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v67.10260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamin K occurs in dietary supply in two major forms: phylloquinone (vitamin K1) and menaquinones (collectively referred as vitamin K2). Phylloquinone is derived from plants. There are at least 10 forms of menaquinones varying in chain length and they are produced by bacteria except menaquinone-4. Menaquinone-4 is formed from phylloquinone or other menaquinone forms. Phylloquinone is considered to be the major contributor and menaquinones are thought to contribute less to vitamin K intake in Western diets. However, less is known about the content of menaquinones than phylloquinones in foods. Vitamin K is known to function as an enzymatic cofactor in the gamma-carboxylation of vitamin K dependent proteins (VKDPs). Hepatic VKDPs are involved in coagulation. Extrahepatic VKDPs have a role e.g. in bone health and vascular calcification. However, the amount of vitamin K needed for optimal functioning of the different VKDPs is not known.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10619414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71422022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary fiber - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023.","authors":"Harald Carlsen,&nbsp;Anne-Maria Pajari","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9979","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dietary fiber is a term crudely defined as carbohydrates (CHOs) that escape digestion and uptake in the small intestine. Lignin, which is not a CHO, is also a part of the dietary fiber definition. Dietary fibers come in different sizes and forms, with a variety of combinations of monomeric units. Health authorities worldwide have for many years recommended a diet rich in dietary fibers based on consistent findings that dietary fibers are associated with reduced incidences of major non-communicable diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and colorectal cancer. Most fibers come from common edible foods from the plant kingdom, but fibers are also found in food additives, supplements, and breast milk. The recommended intake in Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012 (NNR2012) is 25 g/d for women and 35 g/d for men, whereas the actual intake is significantly lower, ranging from 16 g/d to 22 g/d in women and 18 g/d to 26 g/d in men. New studies since NNR2012 confirm the current view that dietary fiber is beneficial for health, advocating intakes of at least 25 g/day.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10619389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71432193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities of <i>Phyllanthus emblica L</i>. extract <i>in vitro</i> and the regulation of Akt phosphorylation, gluconeogenesis, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.","authors":"Shin-Ming Huang,&nbsp;Cheng-Hsiu Lin,&nbsp;Wen-Fang Chang,&nbsp;Chun-Ching Shih","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9854","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The fruits of <i>Phyllanthus emblica</i> L. are high in nutrients and have excellent health care function and developmental value. There are many management strategies available for diabetes and hyperlipidemia. Nevertheless, there is a lack of an effective and nontoxic drug.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study was designed to first screen four extracts of <i>P. emblica</i> L. on insulin signaling target gene expression levels, including glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and p-Akt/t-Akt. The ethyl acetate extract of <i>P. emblica</i> L. (EPE) exhibited the most efficient activity among the four extracts and was thus chosen to explore the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic mice.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>All mice (in addition to one control (CON) group) were administered STZ injections (intraperitoneal) for 5 consecutive days, and then STZ-induced mice were administered EPE (at 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg body weight), fenofibrate (Feno) (at 250 mg/kg body weight), glibenclamide (Glib) (at 10 mg/kg body weight), or vehicle by oral gavage once daily for 4 weeks. Finally, histological examination, blood biochemical parameters, and target gene mRNA expression levels were measured, and liver tissue was analyzed for the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), a maker of lipid peroxidation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EPE treatment resulted in decreased levels of blood glucose, HbA1C, triglycerides (TGs), and total cholesterol and increased levels of insulin compared with the vehicle-treated STZ group. EPE treatment decreased blood levels of HbA1C and MDA but increased glutathione levels in liver tissue, implying that EPE exerts antioxidant activity and could prevent oxidative stress and diabetes. The EPE-treated STZ mice displayed an improvement in the sizes and numbers of insulin-expressing β cells. EPE treatment increased the membrane expression levels of skeletal muscular GLUT4, and also reduced hepatic mRNA levels of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase thereby inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis. This resulted in a net glucose lowering effect in EPE-treated STZ mice. Furthermore, EPE increased the expression levels of p-AMPK/t-AMPK in both the skeletal muscle and liver tissue compared with vehicle-treated STZ mice. EPE-treated STZ mice showed enhanced expression levels of fatty acid oxidation enzymes, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), but reduced expression levels of lipogenic genes including fatty acid synthase, as well as decreased mRNA levels of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP1c), apolipoprotein-CIII (apo-CIII), and diacylglycerol acyltransferase-2 (DGAT2). This resulted in a reduction in plasma TG levels. EPE-treated STZ mice also showed reduced expression levels of PPAR γ. This resulted in decreased adipogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, and lipid accumulation within ","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10578056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41233584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary patterns in relation to incidence rate of pancreatic cancer - the Norwegian women and cancer cohort study.","authors":"Eliska Selinger,&nbsp;Charlotta Rylander,&nbsp;Guri Skeie","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9536","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite development in cancer treatment and prevention options during the past few years, cancer of the pancreas remains a diagnosis associated with poor prognosis and limited options for prevention. Diet has proven to be an important risk factor for development of many types of cancer, particularly for cancers of the digestive system. Still, evidence regarding its relation to pancreatic cancer remains ambiguous. To investigate the relationship between diet and pancreatic cancer, an analysis of dietary patterns in participants from the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study (<i>n</i> = 89,156; 305 pancreatic cancer cases) was performed. Cox regression analysis was used for studying possible associations between dietary patterns, derived from principal component analysis, and pancreatic cancer incidence. The four most prominent dietary patterns were identified and described: European pattern, animal food consumers' dietary pattern, traditional Norwegian pattern, and alcohol-abstaining dietary pattern. In analysis without adjustment for confounders, being in the highest tertile of the abstaining dietary pattern was associated with lower risk of pancreatic cancer in comparison to the lowest tertile (hazard ratios [HR]: 0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.49-0.89). After additional adjustment for height and smoking status, no dietary pattern was associated with increased pancreatic cancer risk, nor was there any difference in effect estimates between strata of smokers and non-smokers. The results of our current analysis do not support the role of major dietary patterns in the development of pancreatic cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10552709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41164468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the Norwegian diet index and the Norwegian lifestyle index and evaluation in a national survey.","authors":"Hege Berg Henriksen,&nbsp;Hedda Beate Berg,&nbsp;Lene Frost Andersen,&nbsp;Harald Weedon-Fekjær,&nbsp;Rune Blomhoff","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9217","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dietary and lifestyle indices are composite tools that are used to estimate risk of health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to develop a diet and a lifestyle index assessing adherence to the national guidelines in Norway, and to investigate adherence in a nationwide survey of healthy subjects (Norkost3).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cut-off values for the indices were based on the Norwegian food based dietary guidelines and national lifestyle guidelines. Adherence was evaluated in the Norkost3 (<i>n</i> = 1,787).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve dietary components were included in the diet index 1) fruit and berries, 2) vegetables, 3) whole grains, 4) unsalted nuts, 5) fish, 6) low-fat dairy products, 7) margarine/oils, 8) red meat, 9) processed meat, 10) foods rich in sugar and fat, 11) drinks with added sugar, and 12) dietary supplements. Each of the components was assigned a value of 0, 0.5 or 1 corresponding to low, intermediate and high adherence, except for plant-based foods, which were assigned a value of 0, 1.5 or 3, providing a composite diet index ranging from 0 to 20 points. The five components in the lifestyle index (i.e. diet, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, tobacco and alcohol) was assigned a value of 0, 0.5 or 1, giving a final score ranging from zero to five points. In Norkost3, 49% (95% CI: 47, 52) of the participants had low adherence to the diet component, whereas only 2% (95% CI: 2, 3) achieved high adherence, although most of the subjects had high educational level. High adherence to the recommendations of BMI, tobacco and alcohol intake was observed in 50% (95% CI: 47, 52), 72% (95% CI: 70, 74) and 68% (95% CI: 66, 70) of the participants, respectively. Due to the lack of data on physical activity, adherence to this component in the lifestyle index is not presented in this study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The new diet and lifestyle indices assess adherence to the Norwegian food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) and other national lifestyle guidelines. In this study, half of the subjects had low diet and lifestyle index scores. There is a need to implement interventions to improve this by focusing on the specific lifestyle components with low adherence.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10552792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41144447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corn peptides attenuate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitochondrial autophagy.","authors":"Zhicui Yao,&nbsp;Xiaoling Li,&nbsp;Wentao Wang,&nbsp;Peng Ren,&nbsp;Shiming Song,&nbsp;Haiyue Wang,&nbsp;Ying Xie,&nbsp;Xingbo Li,&nbsp;Zengning Li","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9547","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9547","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Corn peptides, a novel food prepared from corn gluten meal (CGM) by enzymatic hydrolysis or microbial fermentation, have attracted considerable interest owing to their various bioactive properties. However, the underlying mechanism of corn peptides attenuate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effect of corn peptides in NAFLD and to decipher the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>NAFLD was induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks. Corn peptides were administered during the period. Human hepatocellular carcinomas (HepG2) cells induced by free fatty acids were used for this mechanism study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Corn peptides alleviated HFD-induced histopathological changes, disorders of lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial damage. Moreover, corn peptides blocked mitophagy suppression by HFD based on the increased LC3, ATG7 expressions, as well as decreased P62 levels. Corn peptides increased the expression of proteins involved in fatty acid β-oxidation, such as PPARα and PGC-1α. Corn peptides also improved the Ser/Thr kinase PINK1 (PINK1) and the E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin (Parkin) translocation to mitochondria, which is confirmed by immunofluorescence. Furthermore, stable knockdown of PINK1 by PINK1 SiRNA in HepG2 inhibited PINK1-Parkin-associated mitophagy and resulted in lipid accumulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Corn peptides improved cell injury and ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid accumulation via PINK1/Parkin-mediated autophagy in NAFLD. Thus, corn peptides could be a promising nutritional molecule with natural functions for preventing NAFLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10552710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41164467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legume consumption in adults and risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Birna Thorisdottir, Erik Kristoffer Arnesen, Linnea Bärebring, Jutta Dierkes, Christel Lamberg-Allardt, Alfons Ramel, Bright I Nwaru, Fredrik Söderlund, Agneta Åkesson","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9541","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to systematically review the evidence for associations between consumption of legumes and cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D) and their risk factors among healthy adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus up to 16 May 2022 for ≥4 weeks long randomized (RCT) and non-randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies with follow-up ≥12 months, assessing legume intake (beans/lentils/peas/soybeans, excluding peanuts and legume-products/protein/powder/flour) as the intervention or exposure. Outcomes were CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, T2D and in intervention trials only: changes in blood lipids, glycemic markers, and blood pressure. Risk of bias (RoB) was evaluated with Cochrane's RoB2, ROBINS-I, and US Department of Agriculture (USDA)'s RoB-NObS. Effect sizes were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses and expressed as relative risk or weighed mean differences with 95% confidence intervals, heterogeneity quantified as <i>I²</i>. The evidence was appraised according to World Cancer Research Fund's criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 181 full-text articles assessed for eligibility, 47 were included: 31 cohort studies (2,081,432 participants with generally low legume consumption), 14 crossover RCTs (448 participants), one parallel RCT and one non-randomized trial. Meta-analyses of cohort studies were suggestive of null associations for CVD, CHD, stroke and T2D. Meta-analyses of RCTs suggested a protective effect on total cholesterol (mean difference -0.22 mmol/L), low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (-0.19 mmol/L), fasting glucose (-0.19 mmol/L), and HOMA-IR (-0.30). Heterogeneity was high (<i>I²</i> = 52% for LDL-cholesterol, >75% for others). The overall evidence for associations between consumption of legumes and risk of CVD and T2D was considered <i>limited - no conclusion</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Legume consumption was not found to influence risk of CVD and T2D in healthy adult populations with generally low legume consumption. However, protective effects on risk factors, seen in RCTs, lend some support for recommending legume consumption as part of diverse and healthy dietary patterns for prevention of CVD and T2D.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10243120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9603183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}