Food & Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities of <i>Phyllanthus emblica L</i>. extract <i>in vitro</i> and the regulation of Akt phosphorylation, gluconeogenesis, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.","authors":"Shin-Ming Huang,&nbsp;Cheng-Hsiu Lin,&nbsp;Wen-Fang Chang,&nbsp;Chun-Ching Shih","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9854","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9854","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The fruits of &lt;i&gt;Phyllanthus emblica&lt;/i&gt; L. are high in nutrients and have excellent health care function and developmental value. There are many management strategies available for diabetes and hyperlipidemia. Nevertheless, there is a lack of an effective and nontoxic drug.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The present study was designed to first screen four extracts of &lt;i&gt;P. emblica&lt;/i&gt; L. on insulin signaling target gene expression levels, including glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and p-Akt/t-Akt. The ethyl acetate extract of &lt;i&gt;P. emblica&lt;/i&gt; L. (EPE) exhibited the most efficient activity among the four extracts and was thus chosen to explore the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic mice.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design: &lt;/strong&gt;All mice (in addition to one control (CON) group) were administered STZ injections (intraperitoneal) for 5 consecutive days, and then STZ-induced mice were administered EPE (at 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg body weight), fenofibrate (Feno) (at 250 mg/kg body weight), glibenclamide (Glib) (at 10 mg/kg body weight), or vehicle by oral gavage once daily for 4 weeks. Finally, histological examination, blood biochemical parameters, and target gene mRNA expression levels were measured, and liver tissue was analyzed for the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), a maker of lipid peroxidation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;EPE treatment resulted in decreased levels of blood glucose, HbA1C, triglycerides (TGs), and total cholesterol and increased levels of insulin compared with the vehicle-treated STZ group. EPE treatment decreased blood levels of HbA1C and MDA but increased glutathione levels in liver tissue, implying that EPE exerts antioxidant activity and could prevent oxidative stress and diabetes. The EPE-treated STZ mice displayed an improvement in the sizes and numbers of insulin-expressing β cells. EPE treatment increased the membrane expression levels of skeletal muscular GLUT4, and also reduced hepatic mRNA levels of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase thereby inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis. This resulted in a net glucose lowering effect in EPE-treated STZ mice. Furthermore, EPE increased the expression levels of p-AMPK/t-AMPK in both the skeletal muscle and liver tissue compared with vehicle-treated STZ mice. EPE-treated STZ mice showed enhanced expression levels of fatty acid oxidation enzymes, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), but reduced expression levels of lipogenic genes including fatty acid synthase, as well as decreased mRNA levels of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP1c), apolipoprotein-CIII (apo-CIII), and diacylglycerol acyltransferase-2 (DGAT2). This resulted in a reduction in plasma TG levels. EPE-treated STZ mice also showed reduced expression levels of PPAR γ. This resulted in decreased adipogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, and lipid accumulation within ","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"67 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10578056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41233584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary patterns in relation to incidence rate of pancreatic cancer - the Norwegian women and cancer cohort study.","authors":"Eliska Selinger,&nbsp;Charlotta Rylander,&nbsp;Guri Skeie","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9536","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite development in cancer treatment and prevention options during the past few years, cancer of the pancreas remains a diagnosis associated with poor prognosis and limited options for prevention. Diet has proven to be an important risk factor for development of many types of cancer, particularly for cancers of the digestive system. Still, evidence regarding its relation to pancreatic cancer remains ambiguous. To investigate the relationship between diet and pancreatic cancer, an analysis of dietary patterns in participants from the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study (<i>n</i> = 89,156; 305 pancreatic cancer cases) was performed. Cox regression analysis was used for studying possible associations between dietary patterns, derived from principal component analysis, and pancreatic cancer incidence. The four most prominent dietary patterns were identified and described: European pattern, animal food consumers' dietary pattern, traditional Norwegian pattern, and alcohol-abstaining dietary pattern. In analysis without adjustment for confounders, being in the highest tertile of the abstaining dietary pattern was associated with lower risk of pancreatic cancer in comparison to the lowest tertile (hazard ratios [HR]: 0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.49-0.89). After additional adjustment for height and smoking status, no dietary pattern was associated with increased pancreatic cancer risk, nor was there any difference in effect estimates between strata of smokers and non-smokers. The results of our current analysis do not support the role of major dietary patterns in the development of pancreatic cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"67 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10552709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41164468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the Norwegian diet index and the Norwegian lifestyle index and evaluation in a national survey.","authors":"Hege Berg Henriksen,&nbsp;Hedda Beate Berg,&nbsp;Lene Frost Andersen,&nbsp;Harald Weedon-Fekjær,&nbsp;Rune Blomhoff","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9217","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dietary and lifestyle indices are composite tools that are used to estimate risk of health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to develop a diet and a lifestyle index assessing adherence to the national guidelines in Norway, and to investigate adherence in a nationwide survey of healthy subjects (Norkost3).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cut-off values for the indices were based on the Norwegian food based dietary guidelines and national lifestyle guidelines. Adherence was evaluated in the Norkost3 (<i>n</i> = 1,787).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve dietary components were included in the diet index 1) fruit and berries, 2) vegetables, 3) whole grains, 4) unsalted nuts, 5) fish, 6) low-fat dairy products, 7) margarine/oils, 8) red meat, 9) processed meat, 10) foods rich in sugar and fat, 11) drinks with added sugar, and 12) dietary supplements. Each of the components was assigned a value of 0, 0.5 or 1 corresponding to low, intermediate and high adherence, except for plant-based foods, which were assigned a value of 0, 1.5 or 3, providing a composite diet index ranging from 0 to 20 points. The five components in the lifestyle index (i.e. diet, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, tobacco and alcohol) was assigned a value of 0, 0.5 or 1, giving a final score ranging from zero to five points. In Norkost3, 49% (95% CI: 47, 52) of the participants had low adherence to the diet component, whereas only 2% (95% CI: 2, 3) achieved high adherence, although most of the subjects had high educational level. High adherence to the recommendations of BMI, tobacco and alcohol intake was observed in 50% (95% CI: 47, 52), 72% (95% CI: 70, 74) and 68% (95% CI: 66, 70) of the participants, respectively. Due to the lack of data on physical activity, adherence to this component in the lifestyle index is not presented in this study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The new diet and lifestyle indices assess adherence to the Norwegian food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) and other national lifestyle guidelines. In this study, half of the subjects had low diet and lifestyle index scores. There is a need to implement interventions to improve this by focusing on the specific lifestyle components with low adherence.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"67 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10552792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41144447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corn peptides attenuate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitochondrial autophagy.","authors":"Zhicui Yao,&nbsp;Xiaoling Li,&nbsp;Wentao Wang,&nbsp;Peng Ren,&nbsp;Shiming Song,&nbsp;Haiyue Wang,&nbsp;Ying Xie,&nbsp;Xingbo Li,&nbsp;Zengning Li","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9547","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9547","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Corn peptides, a novel food prepared from corn gluten meal (CGM) by enzymatic hydrolysis or microbial fermentation, have attracted considerable interest owing to their various bioactive properties. However, the underlying mechanism of corn peptides attenuate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effect of corn peptides in NAFLD and to decipher the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>NAFLD was induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks. Corn peptides were administered during the period. Human hepatocellular carcinomas (HepG2) cells induced by free fatty acids were used for this mechanism study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Corn peptides alleviated HFD-induced histopathological changes, disorders of lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial damage. Moreover, corn peptides blocked mitophagy suppression by HFD based on the increased LC3, ATG7 expressions, as well as decreased P62 levels. Corn peptides increased the expression of proteins involved in fatty acid β-oxidation, such as PPARα and PGC-1α. Corn peptides also improved the Ser/Thr kinase PINK1 (PINK1) and the E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin (Parkin) translocation to mitochondria, which is confirmed by immunofluorescence. Furthermore, stable knockdown of PINK1 by PINK1 SiRNA in HepG2 inhibited PINK1-Parkin-associated mitophagy and resulted in lipid accumulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Corn peptides improved cell injury and ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid accumulation via PINK1/Parkin-mediated autophagy in NAFLD. Thus, corn peptides could be a promising nutritional molecule with natural functions for preventing NAFLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"67 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10552710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41164467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legume consumption in adults and risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Birna Thorisdottir, Erik Kristoffer Arnesen, Linnea Bärebring, Jutta Dierkes, Christel Lamberg-Allardt, Alfons Ramel, Bright I Nwaru, Fredrik Söderlund, Agneta Åkesson","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9541","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to systematically review the evidence for associations between consumption of legumes and cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D) and their risk factors among healthy adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus up to 16 May 2022 for ≥4 weeks long randomized (RCT) and non-randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies with follow-up ≥12 months, assessing legume intake (beans/lentils/peas/soybeans, excluding peanuts and legume-products/protein/powder/flour) as the intervention or exposure. Outcomes were CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, T2D and in intervention trials only: changes in blood lipids, glycemic markers, and blood pressure. Risk of bias (RoB) was evaluated with Cochrane's RoB2, ROBINS-I, and US Department of Agriculture (USDA)'s RoB-NObS. Effect sizes were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses and expressed as relative risk or weighed mean differences with 95% confidence intervals, heterogeneity quantified as <i>I²</i>. The evidence was appraised according to World Cancer Research Fund's criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 181 full-text articles assessed for eligibility, 47 were included: 31 cohort studies (2,081,432 participants with generally low legume consumption), 14 crossover RCTs (448 participants), one parallel RCT and one non-randomized trial. Meta-analyses of cohort studies were suggestive of null associations for CVD, CHD, stroke and T2D. Meta-analyses of RCTs suggested a protective effect on total cholesterol (mean difference -0.22 mmol/L), low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (-0.19 mmol/L), fasting glucose (-0.19 mmol/L), and HOMA-IR (-0.30). Heterogeneity was high (<i>I²</i> = 52% for LDL-cholesterol, >75% for others). The overall evidence for associations between consumption of legumes and risk of CVD and T2D was considered <i>limited - no conclusion</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Legume consumption was not found to influence risk of CVD and T2D in healthy adult populations with generally low legume consumption. However, protective effects on risk factors, seen in RCTs, lend some support for recommending legume consumption as part of diverse and healthy dietary patterns for prevention of CVD and T2D.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"67 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10243120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9603183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diallyl trisulfide induces pro-apoptotic autophagy via the AMPK/SIRT1 signalling pathway in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line","authors":"Shuoshuo Sun, Xiyu Liu, Xiao Wei, Shaohong Zhang, Weimin Wang","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.8981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v67.8981","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Liver cancer is associated with a high mortality rate worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) constitutes a large proportion of primary liver cancers, and most of its alterations currently remain untreatable. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), the main chemical constituent of allicin, affects tumour development by regulating cell apoptosis. Allicin-induced autophagy could contribute to apoptosis in HepG2 cells. We rigorously examined the autophagy-related mechanism of allicin-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. We treated HepG2 cells with DATS to explore the effect of DATS on pro-apoptotic autophagy in HepG2 cell lines and examine its specific molecular mechanism.&#x0D; Methods: HepG2 cells were treated with various concentrations of DATS for 24 and 48 h. Subsequently, cell viability was measured using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and cell clone formation assay. The HepG2 cell apoptosis was measured using Hoechst 33258 staining and western blotting. Autophagy and the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) signalling pathway were detected using western blotting.&#x0D; Results: Our results indicated that DATS inhibited HepG2 cell growth. Moreover, the ability of DATS to promote apoptosis in HepG2 cells increased with increasing concentration. We verified the phenomenon of DATS-induced autophagy in HepG2 cells and demonstrated that DATS treatment upregulated the protein expression of LC3-II/I. By measuring the expression of potential autophagy stimulators, we documented that DATS could induce pro-apoptotic autophagy by activating the AMPK/SIRT1 signalling pathway.&#x0D; Conclusion: DATS induced pro-apoptotic autophagy via the AMPK/SIRT1 signalling pathway in the human HCC HepG2 cell line. Our findings further implicate allicin as a potential therapeutic agent against liver tumours in clinical settings, providing a basis for combining allicin with an autophagy agonist for treating liver cancer.","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135626101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diallyl trisulfide induces pro-apoptotic autophagy via the AMPK/SIRT1 signalling pathway in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line.","authors":"Shuoshuo Sun,&nbsp;Xiyu Liu,&nbsp;Xiao Wei,&nbsp;Shaohong Zhang,&nbsp;Weimin Wang","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v66.8981","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v66.8981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Liver cancer is associated with a high mortality rate worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) constitutes a large proportion of primary liver cancers, and most of its alterations currently remain untreatable. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), the main chemical constituent of allicin, affects tumour development by regulating cell apoptosis. Allicin-induced autophagy could contribute to apoptosis in HepG2 cells. We rigorously examined the autophagy-related mechanism of allicin-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. We treated HepG2 cells with DATS to explore the effect of DATS on pro-apoptotic autophagy in HepG2 cell lines and examine its specific molecular mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HepG2 cells were treated with various concentrations of DATS for 24 and 48 h. Subsequently, cell viability was measured using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and cell clone formation assay. The HepG2 cell apoptosis was measured using Hoechst 33258 staining and western blotting. Autophagy and the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) signalling pathway were detected using western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results indicated that DATS inhibited HepG2 cell growth. Moreover, the ability of DATS to promote apoptosis in HepG2 cells increased with increasing concentration. We verified the phenomenon of DATS-induced autophagy in HepG2 cells and demonstrated that DATS treatment upregulated the protein expression of LC3-II/I. By measuring the expression of potential autophagy stimulators, we documented that DATS could induce pro-apoptotic autophagy by activating the AMPK/SIRT1 signalling pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DATS induced pro-apoptotic autophagy via the AMPK/SIRT1 signalling pathway in the human HCC HepG2 cell line. Our findings further implicate allicin as a potential therapeutic agent against liver tumours in clinical settings, providing a basis for combining allicin with an autophagy agonist for treating liver cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"66 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10588957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49689486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> anti-hepatocellular carcinogenesis of 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose.","authors":"Yu-Han Jiang, Jing-Hui Bi, Min-Rui Wu, Shi-Jie Ye, Lei Hu, Long-Jie Li, Yang Yi, Hong-Xun Wang, Li-Mei Wang","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9244","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (β-PGG) is a polyphenol ellagic compound with a variety of pharmacological effects and has an inhibitory effect on lots of cancers.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the antitumor effects and mechanism of 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose on human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A network pharmacology method was first used to predict the possible inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma growth by 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (β-PGG) through the p53 signaling pathway. Next, the Cell Counting Kit (CCK-8) assay was performed to evaluate changes in the survival rate of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells treated with different concentrations of the drug; flow cytometry was used to detect changes in cell cycle, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and intracellular Ca2+ concentration; real-time fluorescence quantification and immunoblotting showed that the expression of P53 genes and proteins associated with the p53 signaling pathway was significantly increased by β-PGG treatment.</p><p><strong>Reasult: </strong>It was found that β-PGG significantly inhibited survival of HepG2 cells, promoted apoptosis, decreased MMP and intracellular Ca2+ concentration, upregulated P53 gene and protein expression, increased CASP3 expression, and induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study has shown that network pharmacology can accurately predict the target of β-PGG's anti-hepatocellular carcinoma action. Moreover, it was evident that β-PGG can induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells by activating the p53 signaling pathway to achieve its anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effect <i>in vitro</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"67 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10084503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9659635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity: associations with health and summary of guidelines.","authors":"Katja Borodulin,&nbsp;Sigmund Anderssen","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v67.9719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The understanding of how physical activity and insufficient physical activity are associated with health outcomes has increased considerably over the past decades. Along with physical activity, the evidence on the associations between sedentary behavior and health has increased, which has resulted in the introduction of recommendations of sedentary behavior. In this article, we 1) present terminology for physical activity and sedentary behavior epidemiology, 2) show the relevant scientific evidence on associations of physical activity and sedentary behavior with selected health-related outcomes and 3) introduce the global guidelines for physical activity and sedentary behavior by the World Health Organization (WHO). Health-related outcomes include cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, total mortality, glucose regulation and type 2 diabetes, adiposity, overweight, obesity, cancer, musculoskeletal and bone health, brain health, and quality of life. These health-related outcomes are reflected across age groups and some population groups, such as pregnant and postpartum women. Furthermore, we discuss physical activity levels across Nordic countries and over time. For the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations, shared common physical activity guidelines were not developed. Instead, each country has created their own guidelines that are being referenced in the article, along with the global WHO guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"67 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10335097/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10174903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kaempferia parviflora rhizome extract exerts anti-obesity effect in high-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6N mice.","authors":"Hyun Sook Lee,&nbsp;Young Eun Jeon,&nbsp;Riyo Awa,&nbsp;Susumu Yoshino,&nbsp;Eun Ji Kim","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v67.9413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Kaempferia parviflora</i> (KP) rhizome, also called black ginger, has been used as a herbal medicine for many centuries. This current study was aimed at exploring whether KP rhizome extract (KPE) had anti-obesity effects and the mechanism involved. Five-week-old C57BL/6N male mice were allocated into five groups for 8-week feeding with control diet (CD), high-fat diet (HFD), HFD + 150 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day KPE (HFD+K150), HFD + 300 mg/kg BW/day KPE (HFD+K300), and HFD + 600 mg/kg BW/day KPE (HFD+K600). KPE decreased BW, body fat mass, adipose tissue weight, adipocyte size, and serum levels of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, insulin, and leptin in HFD-induced obese C57BL/6N mice. KPE inhibited adipogenesis by decreasing CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1, ATP-citrate lyase, and fatty acid synthase mRNA expression. KPE improved lipolysis by increasing carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 and hormone-sensitive lipase mRNA expression. These results suggest that KPE may have inhibited HFD-induced obesity by regulating several pathways involved in decreasing adipogenesis and enhancing lipolysis. Thus, the results suggest that KPE (or KP) may be applicable as an anti-obesity agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"67 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10492229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10218177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}