Food & Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Inclusion of macroalgae in the diet - a comparative survey from Norway, Chile and China.","authors":"Franz Goecke, Inger Aakre, Lisse Angarita, Na Li, Xiaodong Li, María Cristina Escobar, Silvana Cisternas, Lianzhu Wang, Shaojun Pang, Åshild Ergon","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.10856","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.10856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Macroalgae have been an important dietary component in many parts of the world for centuries, especially in Eastern Asia. In recent years, a combination of factors has contributed to enhance the use of macroalgae as food in the global market. Since macroalgae as a commercially available food are new in many countries, only a handful of studies have investigated their use and consumption.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this tri-continental survey, we included three distant countries, each known for macroalgae producers with a long coast: Chile, China, and Norway. Our objective was to compare current uses of macroalgae as food, in a convenient sample dominated by male and female adult students.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A macroalgae-specific food frequency questionnaire with a 4-week recall period was used to assess intake frequencies, species, and product types among a convenient sample of Norwegian, Chinese, and Chilean students.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 585 respondents who answered the survey considered macroalgae as appealing foods due to their flavor (23-67%) and nutritional benefits (49-90%). This study reported lack of awareness about potential food safety issues in this group. In the samples from Chile and China, tradition was important in terms of consumption of macroalgae, while food novelty seemed to be a major factor in the Norwegian group. However, all three countries consumed a similar number of species (17-19) and products containing macroalgae (17-18). Chinese respondents especially stood out for their frequency of consuming different products containing algae.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>A variety of species were found the diet in all the population groups, either in pure form or as an ingredient in a variety of products. Further research on macroalgae intake in Norway, including amounts consumed, would be useful to develop food regulations and, furthermore, recommendations that are commonly known to consumers.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12255160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A thermogenic botanical composition containing <i>Citrus aurantifolia</i> fruit rind and <i>Theobroma cacao</i> seed extracts improves body composition in overweight adults: a clinical investigation.","authors":"Amulya Chadalavada, Yean Kyoung Koo, SukJin Kim, Sudipta Veeramachaneni, Guru Ramanathan, Amulya Yalamanchi","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12159","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>CL19183, or Theolim™, is a novel, proprietary combination of standardized extracts of <i>Citrus aurantifolia</i> fruit rind and <i>Theobroma cacao</i> seeds. Earlier, CL19183 supplementation demonstrated thermogenic activity and weight loss in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical study (RCT) assessed whether CL19183 supplementation reduced body weight (BW) and improved body composition (BC) in overweight adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study recruited 120 overweight male and female subjects (25-55 years) [body mass index (BMI) of 25-29.9 kg/m²] and randomly assigned to receive daily either CL19183 (450 mg; <i>n</i> = 60) or a matched placebo (<i>n</i> = 60) over 16 weeks. The primary efficacy outcome measure was BW reduction in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population. Other efficacy measures included BC using Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), waist and hip circumferences, resting metabolic rate (RMR) using indirect calorimetry, serum lipid profile, and serum biomarkers utilizing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The safety parameters were performed, including complete serum biochemistry, hematology, and urine analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Post-trial, CL19183 supplementation resulted in significant reductions in BW (4.25 ± 1.35 vs. 0.96 ± 1.18 kg; <i>p</i> = 0.0001; CI [confidence interval]: 1.47, 8.59) and BMI (1.57 ± 0.53 vs 0.36 ± 0.46 kg/m², <i>p</i> < 0.0001; CI: 0.87, 2.11), from baseline as compared to placebo. Similarly, total body fat (4.28 ± 1.56 vs. 0.85 ± 1.06 kg; <i>p</i> < 0.0001; CI: 2.35, 7.79) and fat percentage (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) were also reduced from baseline in the CL19183 group vs. placebo. At baseline, after a single dose of CL19183 administration and after 16 weeks, RMR was significantly increased (<i>p</i> < 0.0001 vs. placebo). After 8 and 16 weeks of supplementation, CL19183 significantly increased serum adiponectin and glucagon-like peptide-1 and decreased ghrelin levels vs. baseline and placebo. No major adverse events were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CL19183 supplementation was well-tolerated and led to significant BW reduction and improvements in BC over 16 weeks.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12255159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Definitions of ultra-processed foods beyond NOVA: a systematic review and evaluation.","authors":"Anine Christine Medin, Stine Rambekk Gulowsen, Synne Groufh-Jacobsen, Ingunn Berget, Ida Synnøve Grini, Paula Varela","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12217","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are associated with negative health outcomes, but current classification systems, including the dominant NOVA system, are typically not suitable for identifying which factors of these foods may be harmful. New ways of defining UPFs are needed to better understand how food processing affects health.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify classification systems that include a category for ultra-processed or highly processed foods with a focus on comparing their definitions and provide a current evaluation of available alternatives to NOVA.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A systematic literature review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, with the search strategy developed in collaboration with a university librarian. The literature search was completed on 18 December 2023, using databases Medline, Embase (via Ovid), and Web of Science. No human participants were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified six systems - NOVA, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), University of North Carolina (UNC), UnProcessed Pantry Project (UP3), and Siga - that categorize highly processed food or UPFs. These systems differ in structure and detail, with NOVA, EPIC, and Siga providing specific examples of processing techniques. Regarding additives, NOVA, Siga, and UP3 include them explicitly, with Siga offering the most detailed categorization based on additives and ingredients. Siga also includes quantitative measures for nutritional quality, including cut-offs for sugar, fat, and salt, while IFPRI and UP3 address nutritional quality non-quantitatively.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>When comparing NOVA's UPF category with the highly processed food or UPF categories used in the other five identified systems, we found that none specifies processing techniques clearly. Both NOVA and Siga define additives unique to their UPF categories. Siga stands out by addressing the diverse risks associated with additives and offering quantitative nutritional quality criteria, thus addressing some of the criticisms of how UPFs are commonly defined.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Siga represents a valuable, but not final, step forward in classifying UPFs and could serve as a reference in developing a new operational definition for UPFs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12255158/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Allium hookeri</i> extracts inhibit cisplatin-induced apoptosis and inflammation in human kidney HEK-293 cells.","authors":"Ha-Rin Moon, Wooje Lee, Jung-Mi Yun","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.10764","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.10764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cisplatin is widely utilized in the treatment of solid malignant tumors due to its potent anticancer effects through the inhibition of cell division. However, its clinical use is often limited by significant adverse effects, particularly nephrotoxicity. Recent research has focused on natural products as potential mitigators of cisplatin-induced kidney toxicity. <i>Allium hookeri</i> (<i>A. hookeri</i>), a traditional food and herbal medicine in Southeast Asia, is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its protective effects against nephrotoxicity remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of <i>A. hookeri</i> against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HEK-293 cells were treated with cisplatin (50 μM) with or without <i>A. hookeri</i> water extract (AHWE) and ethanol extract (AHEE) for 24 h. Cell viability was assessed using MTT assays, and nuclear morphology was examined through Hoechst 33342 staining. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was quantified using ROS detection assays, and nitric oxide (NO) production was measured through Griess reaction assays. Protein and mRNA expression levels were analyzed using western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cisplatin treatment (50 μM) significantly increased ROS production compared to untreated cells within 24 h. Both AHWE and AHEE treatments markedly attenuated ROS generation. Additionally, AHWE and AHEE significantly inhibited NO production and downregulated the expression of inflammation-related genes. The treatments also suppressed mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) protein expression. Pretreatment with AHWE and AHEE decreased the Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio, demonstrating a dose-dependent inhibition of apoptotic features.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that <i>A. hookeri</i> exerts protective effects against cisplatin-induced kidney damage by modulating MAPK signaling, thereby reducing inflammation and apoptosis in HEK-293 cells. <i>A. hookeri</i> represents a promising therapeutic candidate for the prevention and treatment of nephrotoxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12255161/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effect of <i>Allium hookeri</i> water extract and its main compound, Cycloalliin, on foam cell formation in THP-1-derived macrophages.","authors":"Ha-Rin Moon, Jung-Mi Yun","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.10763","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.10763","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Low-density lipoproteins are oxidized and modified by macrophages. This process leads to the formation of macrophage-derived cholesterol-rich foam cells, which are a hallmark of early atherosclerosis. The accumulation of these form cells plays a crucial role in atherosclerosis progression. &lt;i&gt;Allium hookeri&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;A. hookeri&lt;/i&gt;), a medicinal herb commonly used in Southeast Asia, is known for its various bioactive effects, including antioxidant, antibacterial, and antidiabetic properties. However, the repressive effect of &lt;i&gt;A. hookeri&lt;/i&gt; extract on foam cell formation in THP-1 macrophages remains unclear.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to explore the effect of &lt;i&gt;A. hookeri&lt;/i&gt; hot water extract (AHWE) and its primary compound, cycloalliin, on foam cell formation. This investigation involves a combined treatment of oxidized low-density lipoprotein and lipopolysaccharide to stimulate the development of atherosclerosis &lt;i&gt;in vitro.&lt;/i&gt; Additionally, the regulatory mechanisms underlying this process were elucidated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design: &lt;/strong&gt;THP-1 cells were differentiated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (1 μM) for 48 h. Subsequently, they were treated with either AHWE or cycloalliin for 48 h. THP-1 macrophages were treated with combined ox-LDL (20 μg/mL) and LPS (500 ng/mL) for 24 h. Cell viability was assessed using MTT assays, while lipid accumulation was visualized through Oil Red O staining. The levels of corresponding proteins and mRNA were quantified using western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reactions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;THP-1 cells were differentiated with PMA (1 μM) for 48 h and then treated with or without AHWE and cycloalliin for 48 h. Subsequently, THP-1 macrophages were treated with combined ox-LDL (20 μg/mL) and LPS (500 ng/mL) for 24 h before harvesting. Ox-LDL and LPS treatment for 24 h enhanced the lipid accumulation in foam cells compared to those in untreated cells using Oil red O staining. Conversely, AHWE and cycloalliin treatment inhibited lipid accumulation in foam cells. These treatments significantly upregulated cholesterol efflux-related genes, including ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1), liver-X-receptor ɑ (LXRɑ), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) expression. Additionally, AHWE and cycloalliin decreased lipid accumulation-related genes, including lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1), cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), and scavenger receptor A1 (SR-A1) expression. Furthermore, the combined treatment of ox-LDL and LPS increased the activation and expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α] and IL-6) compared with those in untreated cells. However, AHWE and cycloalliin suppressed the expression of NF-κB, COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-6.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;AHWE and cy","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Attenuation of postprandial blood glucose in humans consuming isomaltodextrin: carbohydrate loading studies.","authors":"Tsuyoshi Sadakiyo, Yuki Ishida, Shin-Ichiro Inoue, Yoshifumi Taniguchi, Takeo Sakurai, Ryodai Takagaki, Mayumi Kurose, Tetsuya Mori, Akiko Yamashita-Yasuda, Hitoshi Mitsuzumi, Michio Kubota, Hikaru Watanabe, Shigeharu Fukuda","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v69.12729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1080/16546628.2017.1325306.].</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fermented ginseng powder enriched with rare ginsenosides ameliorates high-fat diet-induced obesity by modulating adipogenesis and inflammation.","authors":"Xueyue Tai, Jiating Li, Jianwei Song, Bao Zhong, Fenglin Li","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12230","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Administration of high-dose fermented ginseng powder (2.385 mg/g) resulted in a reduction in body weight and an improvement in blood biochemical parameters in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Significant reductions in lipid droplet size were observed in both liver and epididymal adipose tissues. Western blot analysis showed increased protein levels of PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, and PGC-1 in the HFD + low-dose lyophilized fermented ginseng powder (HDL), HFD + medium-dose lyophilized fermented ginseng powder (HDM), and HFD + high-dose lyophilized fermented ginseng powder (HDH) groups compared to the HD group. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of AMPK (P-AMPK) and ACC (P-ACC) was significantly elevated. Conversely, western blot analysis demonstrated a decrease in the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α in the CG, HDL, HDM, and HDH groups compared to the HD group. Gene expression analysis revealed a downregulation of lipid anabolism-related genes, including <i>SREBP-1c</i> and <i>FAS</i>, along with an upregulation of <i>PPAR-γ</i> and <i>ACOX-1</i> mRNA levels. Additionally, the expression of inflammation-related genes such as <i>IL-1</i>, <i>IL-6</i>, and <i>TNF-α</i> was reduced. High-dose freeze-dried fermented ginseng powder (2.385 mg/g) significantly influenced lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for the management of dyslipidemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conflict-induced household-level food insecurity in conflict-affected areas of Northeastern Ethiopia.","authors":"Dawit Bezabih, Mehretie Belay, Simachew Bantigegn","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.11736","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v69.11736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conflict-induced food insecurity has been currently emerging to be a widespread challenge to the decent livelihood of the human population. This study examined conflict-induced food insecurity in conflict-affected areas of the northeastern part of Ethiopia. This study assessed three time periods (pre-conflict, conflict, and post-conflict times) to analyze the impact of conflict on the studied households. Food consumption score and household food insecurity access scale tools were used to measure the food security status of households. Descriptive statistics and independent t-test were used to analyze the data. The major finding confirmed that the food security status of both urban and rural households in the study areas was negatively affected by the conflict. Compared to the pre-conflict period (22.2%), the number of food-insecure households at the time of the conflict was three times higher. Though the food security status of both rural and urban households was affected by the conflict in the area, the effect was much severe for the rural households. The number of food-insecure rural households during the conflict was three times higher than the pre-conflict period. During the conflict, female-headed households (78.3%) were more vulnerable to food insecurity than male-headed households. The independent t-test result confirmed the presence of a difference in food security status between rural and urban households (<i>P</i> > 0.01) and between female- and male-headed households (<i>P</i> > 0.021). Food security status variations were also seen among the study livelihood zones. Households from the north wello east plain livelihood zone suffered a lot (71.3%). The result suggested that any project aiming at improving households' food security in conflict-affected areas should give attention to the provision of food aid, agricultural inputs, credit services, and financial support to the affected community. Restoring peace would rather be the long-lasting solution to minimize the conflict-induced food insecurity in the area.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of water extract of bay laurel (<i>Laurus nobilis</i> L.) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).","authors":"Minhee Lee, Jeongjin Park, Dakyung Kim, Seong-Hoo Park, Jaeeun Jung, Woojin Jun, Jinhak Kim, Kwang-Soo Baek, Ok-Kyung Kim, Jeongmin Lee","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.10668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v69.10668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) involves lipid accumulation in liver without consumption of alcohol and affects many people worldwide. NAFLD is associated with metabolic syndrome disease such as obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. However, there are no pharmacologic therapies for NAFLD. Recently, there are increasing reports that several natural plants can inhibit lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Bay laurel (<i>Laurus nobilis</i> L.) leaves have been used in traditional medicine for rheumatism, stomach ache, emetic, skin rashes, and earaches. Our objective was to investigate the effect of bay laurel leaves water extract (BLW) on free fatty acid (FFA) treated hepatocyte and high fructose, high fat (HFHF) diet in a mouse model of NAFLD. <i>In vitro</i>, lipid accumulation increased only in the FFA treated group, while BLW reduced lipid accumulation to a level comparable to that only in the FFA treated group. Cellular antioxidants were increased in the BLW compared to the only FFA-treated group, but cellular MDA levels were decreased in the BLW compared to the only FFA treated group. Cellular lipid accumulation, inflammation, and apoptosis were reduced in the BLW compared to the only FFA treated group. <i>In vivo</i>, serum ALT, AST, and GGT levels in the BLW supplementation group were significantly decreased compared with the HFHF group. Hepatic TC, TG, and MDA levels were significantly decreased in the HFHF+100 and HFHF+200 groups compared to the HFHF group. The hepatic antioxidant activities in the BLW supplementation groups were significantly increased compared to the HFHF group. The expression of proteins related to hepatic inflammation and apoptosis was reduced in the BLW supplementation groups compared to the HFHF group. These results suggest that BLW could be potentially useful in the treatment of NAFLD due to its inhibitory effects on hepatic lipogenesis, hepatic inflammation, and hepatic apoptosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12045078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the anti-osteoarthritic effects and mechanisms of <i>Cissus quadrangularis</i> extract containing quercetin and isorhamnetin in a rat model of monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis.","authors":"Yean-Jung Choi, Jae In Jung, Jaewoo Bae, Jae Kyoung Lee, Eun Ji Kim","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v69.12173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v69.12173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by cartilage degradation, subchondral bone erosion, and chronic inflammation. Current treatments primarily focus on symptom relief and have significant side effects, highlighting the need for safer, more effective alternatives. <i>Cissus quadrangularis</i> extract (CQE), containing bioactive flavonoids quercetin and isorhamnetin, has shown potential anti-inflammatory and cartilage-protective properties.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the anti-osteoarthritic effects and mechanisms of action of CQE in a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA rat model.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were induced with OA through intra-articular injection of MIA and treated with CQE at doses of 30, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day. The effects of CQE on knee joint damage, subchondral bone erosion, cartilage structure, proteoglycan content, and the expression of inflammatory mediators and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were assessed using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), histological staining, immunofluorescence, and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CQE significantly mitigated knee joint damage, reduced subchondral bone erosion, and enhanced bone volume and trabecular structure in MIA-induced OA rats. It also preserved cartilage integrity by maintaining proteoglycan content and the expression of collagen type II alpha 1 (COL2A1) and aggrecan. Moreover, CQE suppressed the mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators [inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX)], pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)], and MMPs (MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, and MMP-13), indicating strong anti-inflammatory and cartilage-protective effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CQE exhibits significant therapeutic potential in managing OA by targeting multiple aspects of disease progression, including inflammation, cartilage degradation, and bone erosion. Further research is needed to explore long-term efficacy, safety, and the molecular mechanisms of CQE, as well as to validate these findings in human clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"69 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12013599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}