Food & Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Effects of crowberry (<i>Empetrum nigrum</i> subsp. <i>hermaphroditum</i>) supplementation on inflammatory and metabolic adverse effects in high-fat diet-induced experimental obesity.","authors":"Anni Alatalo, Mari Hämäläinen, Riitta Ryyti, Rainer Peltola, Katriina Vuolteenaho, Eeva Moilanen","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v70.14418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v70.14418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity continues to be a major global health challenge, often accompanied by chronic low-grade inflammation and metabolic complications, including insulin resistance, impaired glucose metabolism, dyslipidemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Diets enriched with plant-derived polyphenols have shown promise in alleviating inflammation and promoting a metabolically healthier obesity phenotype. Crowberry, a polyphenol-rich wild berry native to the boreal forest zone, is particularly abundant in anthocyanins. Here, we investigated the effects of crowberry supplementation on low-grade inflammation and metabolic disturbances in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Mice were fed for 12 weeks with low-fat or high-fat diet (10% or 46 % energy from fat, respectively), or with high-fat diet supplemented with crowberry powder. To ensure comparability, protein and micronutrient contents were standardized across all diets, and the two high-fat diets were matched for fat, carbohydrate, and fiber composition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Crowberry supplementation markedly suppressed the high-fat diet-induced elevations in serum amyloid A (SAA) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), markers of systemic and hepatic inflammation, respectively. Additionally, crowberry supplemented diet attenuated the expression of multiple pro-inflammatory genes both in the liver and visceral adipose tissue. Overall body weight and visceral fat gain were not altered by crowberry suggesting direct health-promoting effects by crowberry constituent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings demonstrate that crowberry supplementation can effectively counteract high-fat diet-induced systemic and hepatic inflammation in experimental obesity, supporting its use as a part of a healthy diet. Clinical studies are needed to assess the translation of these findings to humans and the role of crowberries in dietary strategies combating obesity and its comorbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"70 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13653420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary magnesium intake modified association between visceral adiposity index and chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Xue Wang, Xiuxia Han, Rongzhen Kong","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v70.14223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v70.14223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered as one of the major global public health concerns. The visceral adiposity index (VAI), a marker of visceral fat dysfunction, has been associated with CKD in previous reports; however, evidence from U.S. populations remains limited. In addition, the potential modifying role of dietary magnesium intake in this association is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between VAI and CKD among U.S. adults and to explore whether dietary magnesium intake modifies this association.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 2,616 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2003 and 2018 were included in this retrospective study. The association between VAI and CKD was evaluated using curve-fitting analyses, multivariable logistic regression models, and subgroup analyses stratified by dietary magnesium intake.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant positive relation between VAI and CKD was observed only among individuals with low dietary magnesium intake. In this group, each one-unit increase in VAI was associated with higher odds of CKD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-1.18; <i>P</i> < 0.001) after adjustment for potential confounders. In contrast, no significant relation was observed among individuals with high dietary magnesium intake (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.96-1.10; <i>P</i> = 0.252).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher VAI is significantly associated with an increased risk of CKD among U.S. adults with low dietary magnesium intake. Adequate magnesium consumption may attenuate the adverse association between visceral adiposity and kidney health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"70 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13653421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of curcumin on depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in adults: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.","authors":"Saleh A Alsanie, Mansour Alblaji, Nouf Abdullah Alharbi, Fahad Saad Alhodieb, Moein Askarpour","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v70.14735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v70.14735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Curcumin, a bioactive polyphenol extracted from <i>Curcuma longa</i>, has demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties that may benefit mental health. However, evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) remains inconsistent.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis aimed to quantitatively assess the effects of curcumin supplementation on depression, anxiety, and stress in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched up to December 2025 for RCTs. Two reviewers independently conducted study selection, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Subgroup, meta-regression, sensitivity, dose-response, and time-response analyses were conducted. Moreover, publication bias and certainty of evidence were evaluated. The study protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD420251208049).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-six RCTs encompassing 1,491 participants were included. Curcumin supplementation significantly reduced symptoms of depression (SMD = -1.53; 95% CI: -2.05 to -1.02), anxiety (SMD = -1.67; 95% CI: -2.42 to -0.93), and stress (SMD = -1.71; 95% CI: -3.37 to -0.06) compared with placebo. Dose-response analysis indicated a significant nonlinear association, suggesting that higher curcumin doses (>1.5 g/day) were associated with greater reductions in depressive symptoms. Subgroup analyses showed slightly greater improvements among female participants and those experiencing psychological distress.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Curcumin supplementation may provide a potential benefit for depression, anxiety, and stress; however, substantial between-study heterogeneity and moderate-to-low certainty of evidence limit confidence in the generalizability of these findings. Further well-designed RCTs are warranted to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"70 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13653422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149164136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-sectional study investigating the impact of dietary vitamin D intake and fortification in Jordanian adults with type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Taha Rababah, Muhammad Al-U'datt, Ahmad Alsaad, Sana Gammoh, Khaleel Jawasreh, Ali Almajwal, Dunia Al Halees, Numan Al-Rayyan, Vaida Bartkutė-Norkūnienė, Huda Fish","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v70.11503","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v70.11503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vitamin D is crucial in maintaining bone strength and supporting immune function and may also influence metabolic health, including glycemic control. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the vitamin D intake and markers of glycemic health in Jordanian adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted on 240 patients with T2DM aged 42-69 years. Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants from hospitals across Jordan. Participants with conditions or medications impacting vitamin D status (e.g. celiac disease and antiepileptic drugs) were excluded from the study. Data on demographics, medical history, lifestyle, and dietary intake were collected using a structured questionnaire. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analysis was used to estimate the vitamin D content of commonly consumed foods. Serum 25(OH)D and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were measured. Normality was tested using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Pearson's correlation and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to determine links between the dietary vitamin D intake, serum vitamin D levels, and glycemic outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean dietary vitamin D intake was 150 ± 140 international units/day, with tuna, yogurt, pita bread, and non-fortified Ultra-High Temperature (UHT) milk as primary sources. Total dietary vitamin D intake showed no significant association with fasting blood glucose but was inversely correlated with HbA1c (<i>r</i> = -0.38, <i>P</i> < 0.05). Dairy (<i>r</i> = 0.42, <i>P</i> < 0.05) and fish (<i>r</i> = 0.35, <i>P</i> < 0.05) intakes were positively associated with serum 25(OH)D levels (mean: 21.3 ± 4.4 ng/mL), unlike meat, eggs, or bread. Higher income, education, and sun exposure were linked to higher levels of vitamin D in the serum. Vitamin D intake and status were found to be significantly associated with age, body mass index (BMI), frequency of breakfast consumption, and snack intake.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Consuming vitamin D-rich sources, including dairy, fish, and fortified foods, was associated with higher serum vitamin D levels, which were related to better HbA1c levels. This suggests a potential benefit for glycemic control and broader diabetes management. A cross-sectional design makes it impossible to distinguish cause and effect, and factors such as supplement use or varying levels of food fortification complicate the interpretation of the results. Longer-term and intervention-based studies are necessary before a stronger claim can be made.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"70 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13563445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148955391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of dietary fiber knowledge and intake with glycemic control among Jordanian patients with type two diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Dana Abu Hamed, Refat Ahmed Alkurd, Mousa Abujbara, Yousef Khader, Kamel M Ajlouni","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v70.13819","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v70.13819","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dietary fiber plays an important role in glycemic control, as reflected by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, evidence from Jordan regarding patients' knowledge of dietary fiber, consumption patterns, and perceived barriers to adequate intake remains limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess dietary fiber knowledge and consumption frequency among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and to examine their associations with glycemic control and perceived barriers to adequate intake.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 722 adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Genetics in Amman, Jordan. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire that assessed dietary fiber knowledge related to food sources and health benefits (15 items), frequency of consumption of fiber-rich foods, and perceived barriers to intake. Glycemic control was evaluated using HbA1c levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most fiber-rich food items showed no statistically significant association with glycated hemoglobin levels (<i>P</i> > 0.05); however, oat consumption was significantly associated with better glycemic control. Higher dietary fiber knowledge was significantly associated with improved glycemic control, both in relation to knowledge of health benefits (<i>P</i> = 0.049) and food sources (<i>P</i> = 0.017). Despite this, 61.9% of participants had suboptimal glycemic control, with HbA1c levels of 7-8% or > 8%. Gastrointestinal discomfort and lack of awareness were the most commonly reported barriers to adequate dietary fiber intake.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Better glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with higher dietary fiber knowledge; however, existing barriers may hinder the translation of knowledge into actual dietary practices. Educational interventions should emphasize practical and culturally appropriate strategies to support the incorporation of dietary fiber into daily diets. Future research should focus on closing the gap between dietary fiber knowledge and its effective application in diabetes management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"70 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13563446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148955335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compositional alterations in immune cells from obese mice impair anti-tumor cytotoxicity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Inae Jeong, Ok-Kyung Kim","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v70.13589","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v70.13589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity is a major risk factor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and is associated with poor prognosis. Although metabolic and inflammatory disturbances linking obesity to PDAC progression are well-documented, the impact of obesity-induced immune dysfunction on the tumor microenvironment remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to elucidate the effects of obesity on the anti-tumor immune response in pancreatic cancer.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Splenocytes isolated from mice fed a normal chow (NC) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks were analyzed by flow cytometry. After co-culture with Panc02 cells, both splenocytes and PDAC cells (Panc02) were subjected to flow cytometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Splenocytes derived from HFD-fed mice exhibited a markedly reduced abundance of CD8⁺ T and natural killer (NK) cells compared with those from NC-fed mice, despite unchanged cytokine-producing capacity. Co-culture experiments with Panc02 revealed that HFD-derived splenocytes significantly diminished tumor cell apoptosis, coinciding with reduced frequencies of CD8⁺ T and NK cells. Notably, while PD-1 expression on CD8⁺ T and NK cells remained stable, PD-L1 expression on Panc02 cells significantly decreased following co-culture with HFD-derived splenocytes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings indicate that obesity impairs anti-tumor immunity in PDAC by reducing the abundance of cytotoxic lymphocytes, thereby limiting tumor cell apoptosis and PD-L1 induction.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"70 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13563443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148955383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of estimated glucose disposal rate with erectile dysfunction: mediating role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.","authors":"Hesong Pan, Feng Chen, Lulu Pan","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v70.14300","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v70.14300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Insulin resistance (IR) has been established as an independent risk factor for erectile dysfunction (ED).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the association between the estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) - a simple and non-invasive surrogate measure of IR - and the prevalence of ED.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2001 and 2004. The association between ED prevalence and eGDR was assessed using receiver operating characteristic analysis, multivariate logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression, and subgroup analysis. In addition, the mediating role of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the eGDR-ED relationship was evaluated through mediation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 3,774 subjects were included, of whom 1,072 (28.4%) had ED. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that eGDR was significantly and inversely associated with the risk of ED (odds ratios = 0.85, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.78, 0.92). Subgroup analyses indicated that this association was more pronounced among individuals with higher educational attainment. RCS regression confirmed a linear inverse relationship. Furthermore, eGDR demonstrated superior discriminative performance for ED (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.705, 95% CI: 0.679, 0.731) compared with traditional IR and obesity indices. Mediation analysis showed that NLR mediated 10.3% (95% CI: 2.3%, 25.2%) of the total association between eGDR and ED.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides the first evidence of a significant inverse association between eGDR and ED prevalence, with NLR serving as a partial mediator.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"70 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13563444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148955329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic lactic acid bacterial strains MG4693 and MG5474 alleviate atopic dermatitis by enhancing intestinal barrier integrity and modulating the immune system.","authors":"Wonchan Yoon, Jeong-Yong Park, Soo-Im Choi, Byoung-Kook Kim, Ji Yeon Lee","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v70.13890","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v70.13890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by barrier dysfunction and a Type 2 T helper cell-dominant immune response. Probiotics have emerged as promising candidates for the management of AD by modulating intestinal and systemic immune responses.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of <i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</i> MG4693 and <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> MG5474 on 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced AD mice.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>AD was induced in Bagg Albino/c (BALB/c) mice by repeated topical 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene applications, followed by the daily oral administration of MG4693 or MG5474 for 5 weeks. Skin lesions and scratching behavior in the dorsal and ear skin were evaluated. Epidermal thickness, immune cell infiltration, and levels of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and filaggrin were assessed by histology and immunohistochemistry. Flow cytometry was used to analyze T- and B-cell populations in lymph nodes. Intestinal barrier integrity was concurrently evaluated to investigate the involvement of the gut-skin axis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both strains significantly alleviated AD symptoms, reducing epidermal hyperplasia, eosinophil and mast cell infiltration, and TSLP expression while restoring filaggrin. In addition, these strains modulated T- and B-cell populations in the lymph nodes, indicating an immunomodulatory effect.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Amelioration of AD symptoms appears to be mediated by enhanced intestinal barrier integrity and attenuation of Type 2 T helper cell-mediated inflammatory responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MG4693 and MG5474 attenuated AD pathology by improving intestinal barrier function and modulating systemic immune responses. They demonstrated potential as probiotic candidates to manage AD by targeting the gut-skin axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"70 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13563448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148955377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to the Nordic food-based dietary guidelines in subgroups of the Finnish adult population.","authors":"Tiina Suikki, Heli Tapanainen, Mirkka Maukonen, Satu Männistö, Niina E Kaartinen","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v70.13737","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v70.13737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The most recent Nordic Nutrition Recommendations including food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) were published in 2023. The FBDGs covered 15 food groups with seven quantitative recommendations for plant-based and animal-based food groups.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our aim was to model usual intake distributions of these food groups and examine adherence to the quantitative recommendations in Finnish men and women as well as across different subgroups.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We used data from the National FinDiet 2017 Survey including 780 men and 875 women aged 18-74 years. Diet was assessed with two non-consecutive 24-h recalls. Usual intake distributions of food groups with quantitative recommendations (whole grains, vegetables, fruits, and berries, nuts and seeds, vegetable oils, red and processed meat, milk and dairy products, and fish and seafood) were modelled with the National Cancer Institute (NCI) method. Based on modelled distributions, proportions of men and women meeting the recommendations for these food groups were assessed by subgroups (age, education, physical activity, weight status, and total energy intake). Statistically significant differences were evaluated with non-overlapping 95% confidence intervals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In general, men and women fell below the recommendations of plant-based food groups and exceeded the recommendations for animal-based food groups. Older age, higher education level and higher physical activity were associated with higher adherence to the FBDGs. Higher energy intake was associated with higher adherence to plant-based food recommendations and lower adherence to animal-based food recommendations (except for fish and fish products).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In general, Finnish adults are far from meeting the Nordic FBDGs, which highlights the importance of efficient implementation strategies across different population subgroups to increase the consumption of plant-based foods and decrease the consumption of animal-based foods.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"70 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13563447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148955385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sea buckthorn polyphenols improve lipid metabolism via gut-liver axis modulation in db/db mice.","authors":"Zongzhen Guo, Ziyi Yuan, Tiangang Xu, Yian Yao, Yiyun Zhang, Zongxin Shao, Qun Shen, Yong Xue","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v70.13777","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v70.13777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sea buckthorn polyphenol extract (SPE) has been reported to exert beneficial effects on lipid metabolism, yet its bioactive constituents and underlying mechanisms remain insufficiently defined. In this study, SPE was administered to <i>db/db</i> mice to evaluate its impact on lipid metabolism and gut microbiota, and key polyphenols were further investigated in HepG2 cells combined with a network pharmacology approach. In <i>db/db</i> mice, SPE restored serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels and alleviated hepatic steatosis, accompanied by a tendency toward reduced body weight gain. These changes were accompanied by marked improvements in gut dysbiosis, with increased relative abundances of beneficial genera such as <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Akkermansia</i>. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis identified isorhamnetin, myricetin, kaempferol, quercetin, and rutin as the major polyphenols in SPE, and all of these constituents decreased intracellular cholesterol and triglyceride accumulation in HepG2 cells without obvious cytotoxicity. Network pharmacology analysis focusing on isorhamnetin and myricetin revealed overlapping targets with obesity-, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-, and diabetes-related genes that were mainly enriched in lipid-metabolism-related processes and pathways, including fatty acid metabolism, cholesterol homeostasis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, lipid and atherosclerosis, and PPAR/AMPK signaling. Integration of gut microbiota, fecal metabolite, and target information further suggested a gut microbiota-metabolite-host target axis involving beneficial taxa such as <i>Akkermansia</i> and <i>Enterococcus</i> and central hubs including PPARG, TNF, and IL6. Overall, these findings indicate that SPE improves lipid metabolism through coordinated modulation of gut microbiota and hepatic cholesterol-lipid homeostasis, supporting its potential use in the dietary management of obesity and dyslipidemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"70 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13452271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148697272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}