Food & Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Capsaicin modulates Akkermansia muciniphila abundance by enhancing MUCIN2 levels in mice fed with high-fat diets","authors":"Ting Gong, Yujing Zhou, Qinhong Shi, Yanyan Li, Haizhu Wang, Linzheng Liao","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v68.9990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.9990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;\">Extensive research has been conducted to investigate the impact of capsaicin (CAP) on lipid metabolism, focusing specifically on its interaction with the vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) ion channel. Additionally, studies have illuminated the role of Akkermansia muciniphila (</span><em style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\">A. muciniphila</em><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;\">), a specific strain of intestinal microbiota, in lipid metabolism. In this study, a model utilizing resiniferatoxin (RTX) was employed to deactivate TRPV1 ion channels in germ-free mice, followed by the administration of A. muciniphila via gavage. Following the collection of intestinal tissues for a comprehensive analysis, employing histopathology, qPCR, and ELISA techniques, our findings revealed a significant upregulation of MUC2 and MUC3 expression induced by CAP. This upregulation resulted in the thickening of the colonic mucus layers. Notably, this effect was absent when TRPV1 was selectively inhibited. Moreover, there was no discernible impact on goblet cells. The findings strongly indicate that CAP influences the system by activating the TRPV1 ion channel, thereby enhancing the expression of mucin MUC2 and promoting an augmentation in the thickness of the mucous layer. This activation, in turn, supplies </span><em style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; te","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140615870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capsaicin modulates Akkermansia muciniphila abundance by enhancing MUCIN2 levels in mice fed with high-fat diets.","authors":"Ting Gong, Yujing Zhou, Qinhong Shi, Yanyan Li, Haizhu Wang, Min Zhang, Linzheng Liao","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9990","DOIUrl":"10.29219/fnr.v67.9990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extensive research has been conducted to investigate the impact of capsaicin (CAP) on lipid metabolism, focusing specifically on its interaction with the vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) ion channel. Additionally, studies have illuminated the role of Akkermansia muciniphila (<i>A. muciniphila</i>), a specific strain of intestinal microbiota, in lipid metabolism. In this study, a model utilizing resiniferatoxin (RTX) was employed to deactivate TRPV1 ion channels in germ-free mice, followed by the administration of A. muciniphila via gavage. Following the collection of intestinal tissues for a comprehensive analysis, employing histopathology, qPCR, and ELISA techniques, our findings revealed a significant upregulation of MUC2 and MUC3 expression induced by CAP. This upregulation resulted in the thickening of the colonic mucus layers. Notably, this effect was absent when TRPV1 was selectively inhibited. Moreover, there was no discernible impact on goblet cells. The findings strongly indicate that CAP influences the system by activating the TRPV1 ion channel, thereby enhancing the expression of mucin MUC2 and promoting an augmentation in the thickness of the mucous layer. This activation, in turn, supplies <i>A. muciniphila</i> with an ample source of carbon and nitrogen. This insight potentially clarify the underlying mechanism through which CAP facilitates the increase in <i>A. muciniphila</i> abundance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"67 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11077401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140891605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthocyanins prevent the development and progression of urethane-induced lung cancer by regulating energy metabolism in mice","authors":"Han Luo, Mengyuan Gao, Hong Lu, Qianyao Chen, Xuemei Lian","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v68.10434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.10434","url":null,"abstract":"<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;\">Anthocyanin (ACN) is a natural antioxidant with multiple biological activities, and the aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of ACN on the development and progression of lung cancer and to further explore its possible mechanism of action. In vivo, we fed C57BL/6J mice a 0.5%ACN diet or a control diet to observe their effects on the development and progression of urethane-induced lung cancer. In vitro, multiple lung cancer cell lines were used to investigate the effects of C3G on cell viability. The results showed a reduction in lung tumor burden and downregulation of oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid degradation pathways in lung tissue of urethane-administrated ACN-fed mice compared with control diet-fed mice. In vitro, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside chloride (C3G) intervention treatment significantly inhibited proliferation and apoptosis of A549 cells. This process is likely due to the modulation of AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway by C3G to regulate cellular fatty acid metabolism and reduce intracellular lipid accumulation which affects the growth of lung cancer cells. These results suggest that ACN can inhibit the development and progression of urethane-induced lung tumors and alter the lipid metabolism of tumors in C57BL/6J mice.</span></p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140617549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legumes and pulses - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023.","authors":"Liv Elin Torheim, Lars T Fadnes","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v68.10484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.10484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Consumption of legumes and pulses is associated with various health outcomes. Therefore, when updating the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR), summarizing the best available evidence on key health outcomes regarded as relevant for the Nordic and Baltics related to the consumption of legumes was essential. The aim of this scoping review was to evaluate the updated evidence on the effect of the consumption of legumes and pulses on various health outcomes, as well as their dose-response relationship in updated systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The scoping review is built on a <i>de novo</i> systematic review published in 2023 and additional searches on the consumption of legumes and pulses and its various health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. Current available evidence shows that the consumption of legumes and pulses is associated with a lower risk of several cancers (evidence: low-moderate), and lower all-cause mortality (evidence: moderate). The associations with CVDs are neutral or inverse, with studies generally showing favourable changes in biomarkers for CVDs. Legume consumption is associated with a lower risk of obesity (evidence: low). For type 2 diabetes, no association was found with incidence, but trials on consumption of legumes and pulses and biomarkers generally indicated protective effects. Overall, the current evidence supports dietary recommendations to increase the consumption of legumes and pulses.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"68 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10989235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140850932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining malnutrition in persons with spinal cord injury – does the Global Criteria for Malnutrition work?","authors":"Hanne Bjørg Slettahjell, Maria Bastakis, Fin Biering-Sørensen , Vegard Strøm, Christine Henriksen","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v68.9989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.9989","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Background and aims&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt;&nbsp;Physiologic and metabolic changes following spinal cord injury (SCI) lead to an increased risk of malnutrition. The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) is a three-step approach to diagnose malnutrition: 1) screening; 2) phenotypic and etiological criteria; and 3) malnutrition severity. The main aim of this study was to assess malnutrition in patients with SCI, according to the GLIM criteria.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Methods&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt;&nbsp;Patients with SCI (≥ 18 years) admitted to rehabilitation were included. Anthropometrics, food intake, and inflammation were assessed on admission. Fat-free mass index (FFMI) was estimated from bioimpedance analysis. Malnutrition was diagnosed by the GLIM criteria, using the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) as the first step screening tool. Sensitivity and specificity analyses were performed.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Results&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt;&nbsp;In total, 66 patients were assessed (50 men) with a mean age of 51.4 (± 17.4) years and median time since injury was 37.5 (10–450) days. The mean body mass index was 24.7 (± 4.2) kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, and 1-month involuntary weight loss was 5.7 (± 4.4)%. FFMI for men was 17.3 (± 1.9) and for women 15.3 (± 1.6) kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. Forty-one patients (62%) were malnourished according to the GLIM criteria: 27 moderately and 14 severely malnourished. MUST was not able to detect malnutrition risk of nine patients, giving a moderate agreement (kappa 0.66), with a sensitivity of 0.78 and a specificity of 0.92 compared to the GLIM diagnosis.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Ti","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140297701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curcuma longa L. extract exhibits anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective functions in the articular cartilage of monoiodoacetate-injected rats","authors":"Hyelim Kim, Jaeeun Jung, Minhee Lee, Minha Kim, Namgil Kang, Ok-Kyung Kim, Jeongmin Lee","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v68.10402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.10402","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: Osteoarthritis (OA), the most prevalent form of arthritis, is a degenerative joint disease marked by the progressive deterioration of articular cartilage, leading to clinical manifestations such as joint pain.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective&lt;/strong&gt;: This study investigated the effects of&nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Curcuma longa&lt;/em&gt;&nbsp;L. extract (CL) containing curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin on monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA rats.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design&lt;/strong&gt;: Sprague–Dawley rats with MIA-induced OA received CL supplementation at doses of 5, 25, and 40 mg/kg body weight.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: CL extract administration suppressed mineralisation parameters and morphological modifications and decreased arachidonate5-lipoxygenase and leukotriene B4 levels in articular cartilage. Additionally, it decreased serum prostaglandin E2, NO, and glycosaminoglycanlevels as well as the protein expression of phosphorylated inhibitor kappa B-alpha, phosphorylated p65, cyclooxygenase-2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the cartilage of MIA-injected rats. Furthermore, it also reduced matrix metalloproteinases and elevated SMAD family memb","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140171092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extract mixture of plants (OXYLIA) inhibits fat accumulation by blocking FAS-related factors and promoting lipolysis via cAMP-dependent PKA activation","authors":"Seong-Hoo Park, Sun-jung Baek, Minhee Lee, Hyun-A Shin, Hye jin Lee, Ok-Kyung Kim, Jeongmin Lee","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v68.10180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.10180","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Background&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt;&nbsp;Obesity is characterized by an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure, leading to the excessive accumulation of triglycerides in adipose tissue.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Objective&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt;&nbsp;This study investigated the potential of Oxylia to prevent obesity in mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Design&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt;&nbsp;C57BL/6J mice were fed with one of the following five diets – AIN93G normal diet (normal control), 60% (HFD; control), HFD containing metformin at 40 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) (Met; positive control), HFD containing Oxylia at 30 mg/kg b.w. (O30), or HFD containing Oxylia at 60 mg/kg b.w. (O60) – for 15 weeks.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=\"color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; white-space: normal; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Results&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/strong&gt;&nbsp;Mice under an HFD supplemented with Oxylia had decreased body weight gain, adipose tissue weight, and adipose tissue mass. In addition, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, and VLDL/LDL cholesterol levels were lower in the O60 groups than in the HFD-fed control group. Moreover, Oxylia supplementation decreased the expression of adipogenesis-related mRNAs and lipogenesis-related proteins while increasing the expression of lipolysis-relat","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140106177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cereals and cereal products - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023.","authors":"Guri Skeie, Lars T Fadnes","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v68.10457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.10457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cereals and cereal products have traditionally been staple foods in many countries including in the Nordics and Baltics. Cereals can be consumed with their entire grain kernel and are then referred to as whole grains or can be consumed after removal of the bran or germ and are then referred to as refined grains. The terms cereals and grains are often used interchangeably. In this scoping review, we examine the associations between intake of cereals and cereal products and major health outcomes to contribute to up-to-date food-based dietary guidelines for the Nordic and Baltic countries in the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023 project. Five qualified systematic reviews that covered non-communicable diseases, mortality, and risk factors were identified, and a supplementary literature search was performed in the MEDLINE and Cochrane databases for more recent studies and other endpoints. Compared to other high-income countries, the Nordic populations have a high consumption of whole grain foods. In some of the countries, rye constitutes a substantial fraction of the cereal consumption. However, few studies are available for specific cereals, and most of the research has been performed in predominantly wheat-consuming populations. The evidence suggests clear dose-response associations between a high intake of whole grains and lower risks of cardiovascular disease, colorectal cancer, type 2 diabetes, and premature mortality. The lowest risks of morbidity and mortality were observed for 3-7 servings of whole grains per day, equivalent of 90-210 g/day (fresh weight or ready-to-eat whole grain products, such as oatmeal or whole grain rye bread). Evidence from randomized trials indicates that a high intake of whole grains is beneficial for reducing weight gain. There is less evidence for refined grains, but the available evidence does not seem to indicate similar beneficial associations as for whole grains. It is suggested that replacing refined grains with whole grains would improve several important health outcomes. Cereals are plant foods that can be grown in most of the Nordic and Baltic regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"68 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10989233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140854784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary patterns – a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023","authors":"Henna Vepsäläinen, Jaana Lindström","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v68.10541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.10541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>In Press/Preprint</strong><br><em>This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review. It is currently undergoing copyediting and typesetting. Although final publication galleys will be added at a later stage, the article is fully citable using the DOI number.</em></p> <p><strong>Background:</strong> A dietary pattern can be defined as the quantities, proportions, variety, or combination of foods and drinks typically consumed. The dietary pattern approach aims to place the emphasis on the total diet as a long-term health determinant, instead of focusing on separate foods and nutrients, which may interact or confound each other.</p> <p><strong>Aim: </strong>This scoping review describes the totality of evidence for the role of dietary patterns for health-related outcomes as a basis for setting and updating food-based dietary guidelines in the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023 (NNR2023).</p> <p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used evidence from ten qualified systematic reviews identified by the NNR2023 project. No additional literature search was conducted.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>Strong or moderate evidence linked dietary patterns high in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, fish, low-fat dairy, and legumes and low in red and processed meats, sugar-sweetened beverages, sugary foods, and refined grains with beneficial health outcomes, such as reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, cancer, bone health, and premature death. We also found limited evidence suggesting a relationship with the described dietary patterns in childhood and decreased risk of obesity and hypertension later in life. Most studies have been conducted among adult populations, and thus, there is a need for studies in certain subgroups, such as children and adolescents as well as the elderly.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"207 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139759941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol – a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023","authors":"Dag Steinar Thelle, Morten Grønbæk","doi":"10.29219/fnr.v68.10540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29219/fnr.v68.10540","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>In Press/Preprint</strong><br><em>This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review. It is currently undergoing copyediting and typesetting. Although final publication galleys will be added at a later stage, the article is fully citable using the DOI number.</em></p> <p>The objective of this scoping review is to evaluate the updated evidence on the consumption of alcohol and health outcomes regarded as relevant for the Nordic and Baltic countries, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all-cause mortality. It is based upon the previous Nordic Nutrition Recommendations of 2012, and relevant papers published until May 31, 2021. Current evidence from mainly observational epidemiological studies suggests that regular, moderate alcohol consumption may confer protective effects against myocardial infarction and type 2 diabetes. Mendelian randomization analyses do not fully support these findings, possibly because these analyses may fail to identify low alcohol intake. For several cancers, it is not possible to set any safe limit. All-cause mortality is not increased with light to moderate alcohol intake in middle-aged and older adults who do not engage in binge drinking. Total abstinence is associated with the lowest risk of mortality in young adults. Observational studies on alcohol consumption are hampered by a number of inherent methodological issues such as ascertainment of alcohol intake, selection of appropriate exposure groups, and insufficient control of confounding variables, colliders and mediators. It should also be emphasized that there is a socio-economic contribution to the alcohol-health axis with a stronger detrimental effect of alcohol in the lower social classes. The above issues contribute to the complexity of unravelling the causal web between alcohol, mediators, confounders, and health outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":12119,"journal":{"name":"Food & Nutrition Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139759906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}