Emerging Microbes & Infections最新文献

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2445896","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2445896","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":"14 1","pages":"2445896"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11705545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142930830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging epidemic of the Africa-type plasmid in penicillinase-producing <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> in Guangdong, China, 2013-2022.","authors":"Xiao-Lin Qin, Yang Chen, Xing-Zhong Wu, Wen-Tao Chen, Yao-Hua Xue, Jin-Mei Huang, San-Mei Tang, Yin-Yuan Lan, Zhan-Qin Feng, Han Zhou, Zi-Yan Zhang, Qing-Xian Zhan, Kui Cheng, He-Ping Zheng","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2440489","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2440489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of penicillinase-producing <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> (PPNG) is a crucial public health concern because of its resistance to penicillin and cephalosporins. From 2013 to 2022, a total of 1748 <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> isolates from Guangdong, China, were examined for their antibiotic susceptibility and molecular epidemiological characteristics. PPNG prevalence increased markedly from 37.25% to 63.87%. This increase was accompanied by a shift in predominant plasmid types carried by PPNG isolates: the rate of PPNG isolates carrying the Africa-type plasmid increased from 18.42% to 91.55%, whereas the rate of isolates carrying the Asia-type plasmid decreased from 81.58% to 7.58%. The prevalence of <i>bla</i>_TEM-135, which is linked to cephalosporin resistance, declined from 52.63% to 4.37%, whereas that of <i>bla</i>_TEM-1 increased from 47.37% to 86.88%, and new <i>bla</i>_TEM variants emerged (10.99% by 2022). Most <i>bla</i>_TEM-1 (88.26%) and new <i>bla</i>_TEM alleles (83.70%) were associated with the Africa-type plasmid, whereas 86.79% of <i>bla</i>_TEM-135 alleles were linked to the Asia-type plasmid. Resistance to ceftriaxone was higher in the Asia-type group (11.67%) than in the Africa-type, Toronto/Rio-type and non-PPNG groups. Genotyping identified diverse sequence types (STs) among PPNGs, in which MLST ST7363, NG-STAR ST2477, NG-MAST ST17748, and NG STAR CC1124 were predominant. This study underscores the rising prevalence of PPNG in Guangdong driven by clonal expansion and changing plasmid dynamics, affecting cephalosporin resistance and highlighting the need for continued surveillance and research into effective treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2440489"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A KSHV-targeted small molecule efficiently blocks SARS-CoV-2 infection via inhibiting expression of EGFR and Cyclin A2.","authors":"Zhongwei Dong, Xinyu Wang, Gaowei Hu, Qingye Huang, Yulin Zhang, Yuping Jia, Shujuan Du, Caixia Zhu, Fang Wei, Daizhou Zhang, Yuyan Wang, Qiliang Cai","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2440490","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2440490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to numerous cases of co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses, including Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), worldwide. This co-infection has increased patient mortality due to the lack of efficient bi-targeted drugs. Cambogin, a bioactive natural product, has been shown to effectively induce regression of KSHV-latently infected tumours in xenograft mice models; however, its impact on SARS-CoV-2 infection remains unclear. Here, we report that Cambogin targets 46 host genes commonly affected by both SARS-CoV-2 and KSHV infections, as identified through bioinformatics analysis. These genes are related with 14 key upstream signalling pathways, particularly those involved in inflammation regulation, protein phosphorylation, metabolic processes, and cellular stress response. Within the transcriptional factor (TF)-miRNA co-regulatory network, ten out of 46 hub-target genes are closely linked to Cambogin and KSHV/SARS-CoV-2. Importantly, Cambogin not only efficiently blocks the replication and virion production of SARS-CoV-2 <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> by reducing the expression of EGFR and Cyclin A2, but also simultaneously inhibits both SARS-CoV-2 infection and the growth of KSHV-induced tumours <i>in vivo</i> using a murine xenograft model. These findings provide an alternative strategy for the potential use of Cambogin in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 patients, particularly those with KSHV co-infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2440490"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11660446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Origin, pathogenicity, and transmissibility of a human isolated influenza A(H10N3) virus from China.","authors":"Wenfei Zhu, Lei Yang, Xue Han, Min Tan, Shumei Zou, Xiyan Li, Weijuan Huang, Xiaoxu Zeng, Dayan Wang","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2432364","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2432364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Subtype H10 viruses are known to infect humans in Africa, Oceania, and Asia. In 2021, 2022, and recently in April 2024, a novel H10N3 subtype avian influenza virus was found cause human infection with severe pneumonia. Herein, we comprehensively studied the phylogenetic evolution and biological characteristics of the newly emerged influenza A(H10N3) virus. We found that the human isolated H10N3 virus was generated in early 2019 in domestic poultry. The viruses bound to salic acid α2, 3 receptors, indicating their insufficient ability to infect humans. Although a low pathogenic avian influenza virus, the human isolated H10N3 virus exhibited robust pathogenicity in both BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, with MLD₅₀ 1000 times higher than a homologous environmental isolate. The human isolated H10N3 also showed respiratory droplet transmissibility in ferrets. Considering the continuous circulation in avian populations and repeated transmission to humans, strengthened surveillance of H10 subtype viruses in poultry should be put into effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2432364"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11632946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142727106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of waning of IgG antibody responses after rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP and Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo Ebola virus disease vaccines: a modelling study from the PREVAC randomized trial.","authors":"Simon Valayer, Marie Alexandre, Mélanie Prague, Abdoul Habib Beavogui, Seydou Doumbia, Mark Kieh, Brian Greenwood, Bailah Leigh, Marie Poupelin, Christine Schwimmer, Samba O Sow, Irina Maljkovic Berry, Jens H Kuhn, Daniela Fusco, Natasha Dubois Cauwelaert, Deborah Watson-Jones, Rodolphe Thiébaut, Yves Lévy, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Laura Richert, Edouard Lhomme, Jamila Aboulhab, Michelle Aguirre-MacKenzie, Pauline Akoo, Esther Akpa, Robert Akpata, Sara Albert, Boni Maxime Ale, Serry Alimamy-Bangura, Pierre Andong, Benetta C. Andrews, Stephane Anoma, Negin Atri, Augustin Augier, Ken Awuondo, Ahidjo Ayouba, Moses Badio, Aminata Bagayoko, Abby Balde, Joséphine Balssa, Lamin Molecule Bangura, Kesha Barrington, Eric Barte de Saint Fare, Beth Baseler, Ali Bauder, Claire Bauduin, Luke Bawo, Abdoul Habib Beavogui, Michael Belson, Safaa Ben-Farhat, Marion Bererd, Nicolas Bernaud, Teedoh Beyslow, Neirade Biai, Jeanne Billioux, Shere Billouin-Frazier, Blandine Binachon, Julie Blie, Viki Bockstal, Patricia Boison, Fatorma Bolay, Aliou Boly, Rachael Elizabeth Bonawitz, Anne-Gaëlle Borg, Samuel Bosompem, Courtney Bozman, Tyler Brady, Sarah Browne, Ryan Bullis, Barbara Cagniard, Kelly Cahill, Yingyun Cai, Aissata Abdoulaye Camara, Aboubacar Keira Camara, Alseny Modet Camara, Antoine Campagne, Cécilia Campion, Alexandre Cantan, Jennifer Cash, Siew Pin Chai, Francois Chambelin, Michael Chea, Geneviève Chêne, Edouard Choi, Michelle Chouinard, Florence Chung, Lucy Chung, Séverine Ciancia, Papa Ndiaga Cisse, Elfrida Cline-Cole, Céline Colin, Beth-Ann Coller, Djélikan Siaka Conde, Katherine Cone, Katherine Cone, Laurie Connor, Nicholas Connor, Joseph Boye Cooper, Sandrine Couffin-Cardiergues, Fatoumata Coulibaly, Mariam Coulibaly, Page Crew, Sandrine Dabakuyo-Yonli, Djeneba Dabitao, Thierry Damerval, Bionca Davis, Gibrilla Fadlu Deen, Eline Dekeyster, Jean-François Delfraissy, Christelle Delmas, Mahamadou Diakite, Alpha Diallo, Fatoumata Abdoulaye Diallo, Mamadou Saliou Diallo, Ayouba Diarra, Samba Diarra, Oualy Diawara, Bonnie Dighero-Kemp, Samba Diop, Waly Diouf, Saurabh Dixit, Barry Djenabou, Laurie Doepel, Eric D’Ortenzio, Seydou Doumbia, Moussa Moise Doumbia, Macaya Douoguih, Nelson Dozier, Natasha Dubois Cauwelaert, Alain DuChêne, Michael Duvenhage, Risa Eckes, Elizabeth Elliott, Luisa Enria, Hélène Espérou, Cécile Etienne, Allison Eyler, Lawrence Fakoli, Mosoka Fallah, Marie-Alix Fauvel, Sylvain Faye, John Fayiah, Suzanne Fleck, Vemy Fofana, Karine Fouth Tchos, Kokulo Franklin, Daniela Fusco, Auguste Gaddah, Marylène Gaignet, Katherine Gallagher, Julie Gardner, Harrison Gichini, Julia Garcia Gozalbes, Greg Grandits, Maima Gray, Brian Greenwood, Nico Grobler, Robin Gross, Louis Grue, Birgit Grund, Oumar Guindo, Swati Gupta, Fadima Haidara, Benjamin Hamz, Emma Hancox, Jean-Christophe Hébert, Jenny Hendriks, Patricia Hensley, Lisa E Hensley, Betsey Herpin, Elisabeth Higgs, Trudi Hilton, Mickael Hneino, Tracey-Ann Höeltermann, Horace Preston Holley, Marie Hoover, Natasha Howard, Melissa Hughes, Dicko Ilo, Skip Irvine, David Ishola, Yvonne Jato, Madison Joe, Melvin Johnson, Aboubacar Sidiki Kaba, Jonathan Kagan, Kade Kallon, Michael Kamara, Myriam Kante, Judith Katoudi, Cheick Mohamed Keita, Sakoba Keita, Seykou Keita, Stephen B. Kennedy, Babajide Keshinro, Hassan Kiawu, Mark Kieh, Brent Killinger, Moumouni Kinda, Matthew Kirchoff, Gregory Kocher, Mamoudou Kodio, Brian Kohn, Lamine Koivogui, Richard Kojan, Cece Francis Koli, Jacques Seraphin Koli, David Kollie, Stacy Kopka, Bockarie Koroma, Dickens Kowuor, Catherine Kpayieli-Freeman, Liane Kwast, Christine Lacabaratz, Boris Lacarra, Laurie Lambert, Courtney Lambeth, Solange Lancrey-javal, H. Clifford Lane, Shadrach Langba, Bolarinde Lawal, Andrew Wen-Tseng Lee, Shona Lee, Shelley Lees, Annabelle Lefevre, Bailah Leigh, Frederic Lemarcis, Yves Lévy, Claire Levy-Marchal, Maarten Leyssen, Edouard Lhomme, Janie Liang, Mameni Linga, Ken Liu, Brett Lowe, Julia Lysander, Ibrah Mahamadou, Irina Maljkovic-Berry, Marvington Mambiah, Daniela Manno, Jonathan Marchand, Lindsay Marron, Moses B.F. Massaquoi, Laure Masson, Charly Matard, Steven Mazur, John McCullough, Katherine McFadyen, Chelsea McLean, Noémie Mercier, Pauline Michavila, Tracey Miller, Niouma Pascal Millimouno, Alejandra Miranda, Soumaya Mohamed, Tom Mooney, Dally Muamba, James Mulbah, Rita Lukoo Ndamenyaa, James Neaton, Désiré Neboua, Micki Nelson, Kevin Newell, Vinh-kim Nguyen, Yusupha Njie, Wissedi Njoh, Anna Novotney-Barry, Matthew Onorato, Uma Onwuchekwa, Susan Orsega, Inmaculada Ortega-Perez, Cynthia Osborne, Tuda Otieno, Davy Oulaï, Sushma Patel, Danielle Peart, Martine Peeters, James Pettitt, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Robert Phillips, Jerome Pierson, Peter Piot, Micheal Piziali, Stéphany Pong, Elena Postnikova, Calvin Proffitt, Alexandre Quach, Sinead Quigley, Nadeeka Randunu, Laura Richert, Priscille Rivière, Cynthia Robinson, Céline Roy, Amy Falk Russell, Philip Sahr, Katy Saliba, Mohamed Samai, Sibiry Samake, Jen Sandrus, Ibrahim Sanogo, Yeya Sadio Sarro, Serge Sawadogo, Sani Sayadi, Maxime Schvartz, Christine Schwimmer, Fatou Secka, Heema Sharma, Denise Shelley, Bode Shobayo, Sophia Siddiqui, Jakub Simon, Shelly Simpson, Billy Muyisa Sivahera, Karen Slater, Mary Smolskis, Elizabeth Smout, Emily Snowden, Anne-Aygline Soutthiphong, Amadou Sow, Samba O. Sow, Ydrissa Sow, Michael Stirratt, Jeroen Stoop, Guna Subramaniam, Léa Surugue, Nathalie Swales, Sienneh Tamba, Chan Tang, Cheick Tangara, Milagritos D. Tapia, Julius Teahton, Jemee Tegli, Monique Termote, Guillaume Thaurignac, Rodolphe Thiebaut, Greg Thompson, John Tierney, Daniel Tindanbil, Abdoulaye Tour, Elvis Towalid, Stacey Traina, Awa Traore, Tijili Tyee, David Vallée, Renaud Vatrinet, Corine Vincent, Susan Vogel, Cedrick Wallet, Travis Warren, Deborah Watson-Jones, Wade Weaver, Deborah Wentworth, Cecelia Wesseh, Hilary Whitworth, Jimmy Whitworth, Aurelie Wiedemann, Wouter Willems, Barthalomew Wilson, Jayanthi Wolf, Alie Wurie, Delphine Yamadjako, Marcel Yaradouno, Quiawiah Yarmie, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Shuiqing Yu, Zara Zeggani, Huanying Zhou","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2432353","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2432353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP and Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo are WHO-prequalified vaccination regimens against Ebola virus disease (EVD). Challenges associated with measuring long-term clinical protection warrant the evaluation of immune response kinetics after vaccination. Data from a large phase 2 randomized double-blind clinical trial (PREVAC) were used to evaluate waning of anti-Ebola virus (EBOV) glycoprotein (GP_1,2) antibody concentrations after rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP or Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo vaccination with linear mixed-effect regression models. After a post-vaccination peak, each vaccination strategy was associated with a decrease of anti-EBOV GP_1,2 antibody concentrations with distinct kinetics, highlighting a less-rapid decline in antibody levels after vaccination by rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP. One year after administration of the vaccine, antibody concentrations were higher in children compared to adults for both vaccines, although with different effect sizes: 1.74-fold higher concentrations (95% confidence interval [CI] [1.48; 2.02]) for children 12-17 years old to 3.10-fold higher concentrations (95% CI [2.58; 3.69]) for those 1-4 years old compared to adults for Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo versus 1.36-fold (95% CI [1.12; 1.61]) to 1.41-fold (95% CI [1.21; 1.62]) higher than these values for adults, with relatively small changes from one age category of children to another, for rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP. Antibody concentrations also differed according to geographical location, pre-vaccination antibody concentration, and sex. In combination with knowledge on memory response, characterization of the major determinants of immune response durability of both vaccinations may guide future EVD control protocols.<b>Trial registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02876328.</p>","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2432353"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11632942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV molecular transmission networks among students in Guangxi: unraveling the dynamics of student-driven HIV epidemic.","authors":"Xianwu Pang, Jie Ma, Qin He, Kailing Tang, Jinghua Huang, Ningye Fang, Haomin Xie, Guanghua Lan, Shujia Liang","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2459142","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2459142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Guangxi, the number of newly diagnosed HIV-1 infections among students is continuously increasing, highlighting the need for a detailed understanding of local transmission dynamics, particularly focusing on key drivers of transmission. We recruited individuals newly diagnosed with HIV-1 in Nanning, Guangxi, and amplified and sequenced the HIV-1 pol gene to construct a molecular network. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis was utilized to identify migration events, and multivariable logistic regression was employed to analyze factors influencing clustering and high linkage. The predominant subtype among students was CRF07_BC (58.5%), followed by CRF01_AE (17.4%) and CRF55_01B (13.5%). Transmission network analysis identified a significant clustering rate of 64.3% among students, primarily within large clusters. The strongest transmission relationships were observed between students and MSM aged 25-39, as well as nonstudent youths. These migration events primarily occurred from MSM aged 25-39 to students and nonstudent youths for CRF01_AE, CRF07_BC, and CRF55_01B. Qingxiu was the main emigration region for for CRF01_AE, CRF07_BC, while Xixiangtang for CRF55_01B. Link with nonstudent youths (AOR = 5.11) and MSM aged 25-39 (AOR = 8.82) were significant factors contributing to the high linkage among students. Long-term infection was a key factor in super spreaders. These findings emphasize the critical role of MSM aged 25-39 in HIV-1 transmission among local youths, particularly regarding long-term infected individuals. The study advocates for targeted HIV-1 screening and intervention strategies for youths to strengthen early detection and treatment, thereby mitigating further transmission within this high-risk group.</p>","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2459142"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11809174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-cell sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells reveals immune landscape of monkeypox patients with HIV.","authors":"Yamin Liu, Xinhua Liu, Jingjing Wang, Ying Xie, Jing Guo, Zhiqiang Liu, Ying Li, Bei Jiang, Jingya Wang","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2459136","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2459136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The monkeypox (MPXV) outbreak in 2022 is more prevalent among individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). While it is plausible that HIV-induced immunosuppression could result in a more severe progression, the exact mechanisms remain undetermined. To better understand the immunopathology of MPXV in patients with and without HIV infection, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to analyse peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from six patients hospitalized for MPXV, three of whom had HIV infection (HIV antibody positive and HIV RNA level below the detection limit), and three patients only infected with MPXV (HIV-). We map the peripheral immune response in both the acute phase and the recovery period, showing the reconfiguration of peripheral immune cell phenotypes in acute stage compared with recovery stage, characterized by disturbed cell subsets and intense cell interactions mediated by monocytes and neutrophils. Importantly, we also found obviously dysregulated gene expression and cell subsets in HIV+ patients proposing mechanism underlying their serious condition. Our findings provide a comprehensive cell atlas of MPXV patients, shed light on the mechanisms underlying the severe disease progression and longer recovery time in HIV+ individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2459136"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11809181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence and clinical correlates of SARS-CoV-2 viremia in two German patient cohorts.","authors":"Katharina Grikscheit, Annemarie Berger, Holger Rabenau, Niko Kohmer, Katharina S Appel, Margarete Scherer, Robert Bals, Sabine Blaschke, Axel Hamprecht, Sina M Hopff, Dagmar Krefting, Patrick Meybohm, Carolin Nürnberger, Peter Heuschmann, Caitlin Pley, Susana M Nunes de Miranda, Edgar Dahl, Björn Jensen, Thomas Illig, Gabriele Anton, Jörg Janne Vehreschild, Sandra Ciesek","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2459137","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2459137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Viremia defined as detectable SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the blood is a potential marker of disease severity and prognosis in COVID-19 patients. Here, we determined the frequency of viremia in serum of two independent COVID-19 patient cohorts within the German National Pandemic Cohort Network (German: <b>Na</b>tionales <b>P</b>andemie <b>Ko</b>horten <b>N</b>etzwerk, NAPKON) with diagnostic RT-PCR against SARS-CoV-2. A cross-sectional cohort with 1122 COVID-19 patients (German: <b><i>S</i></b><i>ektoren<b>ue</b>bergreifende <b>P</b>latform</i>, SUEP) and 299 patients recruited in a high-resolution platform with patients at high risk to develop severe courses (German: <b><i>H</i></b><i>och<b>a</b>ufloesende <b>P</b>lattform</i>, HAP) were tested for viremia. Our study also involved a comprehensive analysis and association of serological, diagnostic, and clinical parameters of the NAPKON medical dataset. Prevalence of viremia at the recruitment visit was 12.8% (SUEP) and 13% (HAP), respectively. Serological analysis revealed that viremic patients had lower levels of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies as well as lower neutralizing antibodies compared to aviremic patients. Viremia was associated with severity (<0.0001 SUEP; 0.002 HAP) and mortality of COVID-19 (both cohorts <0.0001) compared to aviremic patients. While rare, viremia was also detected in patients with mild disease (0.7%). In patients of the SUEP cohort with acute kidney disease (<i>p</i> = 0.0099) and hematooncological conditions (<i>p</i> = 0.0091), viremia was detected more frequently. Compared to the aviremic group, treatment with immunomodulating drugs as well as elevated levels of inflammatory markers in the blood was more frequent in the viremic group. In conclusion, our analysis revealed that detectable viremia correlates with hyperinflammatory conditions and higher risk for severe COVID-19 disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2459137"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11812106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An mpox quadrivalent mRNA vaccine elicits sustained and protective immunity in mice against lethal vaccinia virus challenge.","authors":"Entao Li, Qiyuan Yang, Wenyu Xie, Qizan Gong, Xiaoping Guo, Jinge Zhou, Jiachen Zhang, Xia Chuai, Yucai Wang, Sandra Chiu","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2447619","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2447619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Assessing the long-term efficacy of MPXV vaccine candidates is crucial for the global response to the ongoing mpox epidemic. Built upon our previous study of the mpox quadrivalent mRNA vaccine, herein we reported that MPXV-1103 could elicit sustained humoral and cellular immunity in mice, including the induction of MPXV A35/B6/A29/M1-specific IgG antibodies, VACV neutralizing antibodies and activated cytotoxic CD8⁺T cells, which provides 100% protection against lethal VACV challenge even at 280 days after the first vaccination. Our results provide critical insights for orthopoxvirus vaccine development.</p>","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2447619"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758793/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preassembled complexes of hAgo2 and ssRNA delivered by nanoparticles: a novel silencing gene expression approach overcoming the absence of the canonical pathway of siRNA processing in the apicomplexan parasite Babesia microti, blood parasite of veterinary and zoonotic importance.","authors":"Shimaa A E-S El-Sayed, Mohamed A Rizk, Hang Li, Uday Kumar Mohanta, Iqra Zafar, Shengwei Ji, Zhuowei Ma, Thom Do, Yongchang Li, Daisuke Kondoh, Jerzy Jaroszewski, Xuenan Xuan","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2438658","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2438658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to the lack of efficacy of the currently used chemical drugs, poor tick control, and lack of effective vaccines against <i>Babesia</i>, novel control strategies are urgently needed. In this regard, searching for anti-<i>Babesia</i> gene therapy may facilitate the control of this infection. Following this pattern, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are widely used to study gene function and hence open the way to control the parasite. However, the primary constraint of this approach is the lack of <i>Babesia</i> to RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) enzymes, making siRNA impractical. In this study, we preassembled complexes with the human enzyme argonaute 2 (hAgo2) and a small interfering RNA (siRNA)<i>/</i>single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) against <i>B. gibsoni</i> and <i>B. microti</i> metabolite transporters. The assembled complexes were generated by developing a gene delivery system with chitosan dehydroascorbic acid nanoparticles. The delivery system effectively protected the loaded RNAi and targeted <i>Babesia-</i>infected RBCs with a relatively high internalization rate. The assembled complexes were successfully transfected into live parasites for specific slicing of <i>Babesia</i> targets. We demonstrated a reduction in the expression of target genes at the mRNA level. Furthermore, this silencing inhibited <i>Babesia</i> growth <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. For the first time, we used this method to confirm the role of the assembled complexes in manipulating the noncanonical pathway of RNAi in <i>Babesia</i> parasites. This novel method provides a means of silencing <i>Babesia</i> genes to study their role in host-parasite interactions and as potential targets for gene therapy and control.</p>","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2438658"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11721618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}