Emerging Microbes & Infections最新文献_第5页

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus in Finland in 2021-2023 - Genetic diversity of the viruses and infection kinetics in human dendritic cells. 2021-2023年芬兰高致病性禽流感（HPAI） H5N1病毒——病毒的遗传多样性和人树突状细胞感染动力学

IF 8.4 2区医学

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2447618

Eda Altan, Veera Avelin, Kirsi Aaltonen, Essi Korhonen, Larissa Laine, Erika Lindh, Ilkka Julkunen, Niina Tammiranta, Tiina Nokireki, Tuija Gadd, Laura Kakkola, Tarja Sironen, Pamela Österlund

{"title":"Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus in Finland in 2021-2023 - Genetic diversity of the viruses and infection kinetics in human dendritic cells.","authors":"Eda Altan, Veera Avelin, Kirsi Aaltonen, Essi Korhonen, Larissa Laine, Erika Lindh, Ilkka Julkunen, Niina Tammiranta, Tiina Nokireki, Tuija Gadd, Laura Kakkola, Tarja Sironen, Pamela Österlund","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2447618","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2447618","url":null,"abstract":"Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 is known for its virulence and zoonotic potential, infecting birds and mammals, thus raising public health concerns. Since 2021 its spread among birds has led to cross-species transmission causing epizootics among mammals, eventually impacting fur animal farms in Finland in 2023. To analyze the infectivity of the Finnish H5N1 isolates in human cells, representatives of diverse H5N1 isolates were selected based on the genetic differences, host animal species, and the year of occurrence. The infection kinetics of the selected H5N1 isolates from wild pheasant and fox, and fur animals blue fox and white mink were examined in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) with H5N1 human isolate as a control. Although the isolate from pheasant (a wild bird) showed weakly reduced replication and viral protein expression in human cells compared to mammalian isolates, no discernible differences in virus replication in moDCs was observed. This study revealed similar infectivity in human moDCs for all five H5N1 isolates, regardless of the observed genetic differences. While H5N1 human infections remain rare, the virus poses a risk for widespread epizootics in mammals such as fur animal farms and, more recently, dairy cattle.","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2447618"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11727053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The seroprevalence of adenoviruses since 2000¹. 2000年以来腺病毒的血清流行率。

IF 8.4 2区医学

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2025.2475831

Lingling Hong, Jiashun Li, Weikai Zeng, Yuhua Li, Changfa Yu, Shutao Zhao, Ling Chen, Ying Feng

{"title":"The seroprevalence of adenoviruses since 20001.","authors":"Lingling Hong, Jiashun Li, Weikai Zeng, Yuhua Li, Changfa Yu, Shutao Zhao, Ling Chen, Ying Feng","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2475831","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2475831","url":null,"abstract":"Human adenoviruses (Ad) are increasingly used as vaccine vectors, especially after Ad5, Ad26, and ChAdY25 (ChAdOx1) were employed as vectors for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. So far, more than 116 adenovirus genotypes have been identified, divided into 7 species (A-G). Most adenoviruses do not cause diseases or are mildly pathogenic, with only species B and E leading to acute respiratory infections or conjunctival inflammation and species F causing gastrointestinal infections. Previous studies have shown that the seroprevalence of neutralizing antibodies against adenoviruses can be limiting when applying adenoviral vectors. On the other hand, for highly pathogenic adenoviruses, neutralizing antibodies is beneficial for preventing the diseases caused by these adenoviruses. Here, we summarized the studies on the seroprevalence of adenoviruses, especially adenoviruses that may be utilized as vectors for vaccine and gene therapy. We also analysed possible factors associated with the seroprevalence and neutralizing titres. Given the trend of increasing adenoviral vector application, it is necessary to continue the investigation of the seroprevalence of neutralizing antibodies against adenoviruses in different geographic locations and populations.","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2475831"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11915735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Novel digital droplet inverse PCR assay shows that natural clearance of hepatitis B infection is associated with fewer viral integrations. 新型数字液滴反PCR检测显示乙型肝炎感染的自然清除与较少的病毒整合相关。

IF 8.4 2区医学

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2025.2450025

Dong Li, Vikki Ho, Chiao-Fang Teng, Hung-Wen Tsai, Yuanyuan Liu, Sarah Bae, Harout Ajoyan, Jochen M Wettengel, Ulrike Protzer, Brian S Gloss, Rebecca J Rockett, Rafid Al Asady, Jane Li, Simon So, Jacob George, Mark W Douglas, Thomas Tu

{"title":"Novel digital droplet inverse PCR assay shows that natural clearance of hepatitis B infection is associated with fewer viral integrations.","authors":"Dong Li, Vikki Ho, Chiao-Fang Teng, Hung-Wen Tsai, Yuanyuan Liu, Sarah Bae, Harout Ajoyan, Jochen M Wettengel, Ulrike Protzer, Brian S Gloss, Rebecca J Rockett, Rafid Al Asady, Jane Li, Simon So, Jacob George, Mark W Douglas, Thomas Tu","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2450025","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2450025","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA integration into the host cell genome is reportedly a major cause of liver cancer, and a source of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). High HBsAg levels can alter immune responses which therefore contributes to the progression of HBV-related disease. However, to what extent integration leads to the persistent circulating HBsAg is unclear. Here, we aimed to determine if the extent of HBV DNA integration is associated with the persistence of circulating HBsAg in people exposed to HBV. We established a digital droplet quantitative inverse PCR (dd-qinvPCR) method to quantify integrated HBV DNA in patients who had been exposed to HBV (anti-HBc positive and HBeAg-negative). Total DNA extracts from both liver resections (n = 32; 14 HBsAg-negative and 18 HBsAg-positive) and fine-needle aspirates (FNA, n = 10; 2 HBsAg-negative and 8 HBsAg-positive) were analysed. Using defined in vitro samples for assay establishment, we showed that dd-qinvPCR could detect integrations within an input of <80 cells. The frequency of integrated HBV DNA in those who had undergone HBsAg loss (n = 14, mean ± SD of 1.514 × 10-3 ± 1.839 × 10-3 integrations per cell) was on average 9-fold lower than those with active HBV infection (n = 18, 1.16 × 10-2 ± 1.76 × 10-2 integrations per cell; p = 0.0179). In conclusion, we have developed and validated a highly precise, sensitive and quantitative PCR-based method for the quantification of HBV integrations in clinical samples. Natural clearance of HBV is associated with fewer viral integrations. Future studies are needed to determine if dynamics of integrated HBV DNA can inform the development of curative therapies.","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2450025"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11731057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of serum tRNA-derived small RNAs biosignature for diagnosis of tuberculosis. 血清trna来源的小rna生物标记在结核病诊断中的鉴定。

IF 8.4 2区医学

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2025.2459132

Zikun Huang, Qing Luo, Cuifen Xiong, Haiyan Zhu, Chao Yu, Jianqing Xu, Yiping Peng, Junming Li, Aiping Le

{"title":"Identification of serum tRNA-derived small RNAs biosignature for diagnosis of tuberculosis.","authors":"Zikun Huang, Qing Luo, Cuifen Xiong, Haiyan Zhu, Chao Yu, Jianqing Xu, Yiping Peng, Junming Li, Aiping Le","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2459132","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2459132","url":null,"abstract":"The tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are a new class of non coding RNAs, which are stable in body fluids and can be used as potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis. However, the exact value of tsRNAs in the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is still unclear. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance of the serum tsRNAs biosignature to distinguish between active TB, healthy controls, latent TB infection, and other respiratory diseases. The differential expression profiles of tsRNAs in serum from active TB patients and healthy controls were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. A total of 905 subjects were prospectively recruited for our study from three different cohorts. Levels of tsRNA-Gly-CCC-2, tsRNA-Gly-GCC-1, and tsRNA-Lys-CTT-2-M2 were significantly elevated in the serum of TB patients compared to non-TB individuals, showing a correlation with lung injury severity and acid-fast bacilli grades in TB patients. The accuracy of the three-tsRNA biosignature for TB diagnosis was evaluated in the training (n = 289), test (n = 124), and prediction (n = 292) groups. By utilizing cross-validation with a random forest algorithm approach, the training cohort achieved a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 100%. The test cohort exhibited a sensitivity of 75.8% and a specificity of 91.2%. Within the prediction group, the sensitivity and specificity were 73.1% and 92.5%, respectively. The three-tsRNA biosignature generally decreased within 3 months of treatment and then remained stable. In conclusion, the three-tsRNA biosignature might serve as biomarker to diagnose TB and to monitor the effectiveness of treatment in a high-burden TB clinical setting.","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2459132"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11803760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Monocyte distribution width (MDW) as a reliable diagnostic biomarker for sepsis in patients with HIV. 单核细胞分布宽度（MDW）作为HIV患者败血症的可靠诊断生物标志物。

IF 8.4 2区医学

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2025.2479634

Jinfeng Sun, Yueming Shao, Rui Jiang, Tangkai Qi, Jingna Xun, Yinzhong Shen, Renfang Zhang, Liu Qian, Xialin Wang, Li Liu, Zhenyan Wang, Jianjun Sun, Yang Tang, Wei Song, Shuibao Xu, Junyang Yang, Youming Chen, Yi-Wei Tang, Hongzhou Lu, Jun Chen

{"title":"Monocyte distribution width (MDW) as a reliable diagnostic biomarker for sepsis in patients with HIV.","authors":"Jinfeng Sun, Yueming Shao, Rui Jiang, Tangkai Qi, Jingna Xun, Yinzhong Shen, Renfang Zhang, Liu Qian, Xialin Wang, Li Liu, Zhenyan Wang, Jianjun Sun, Yang Tang, Wei Song, Shuibao Xu, Junyang Yang, Youming Chen, Yi-Wei Tang, Hongzhou Lu, Jun Chen","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2479634","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2479634","url":null,"abstract":"Sepsis is a leading cause of death among patients with HIV, but early diagnosis remains a challenge. This study evaluates the diagnostic performance of monocyte distribution width (MDW) in detecting sepsis in patients with HIV. A prospective observational study was conducted at Shanghai Public Health Center, involving 488 hospitalized patients with HIV aged 18-65 between December 2022 and August 2023. MDW was measured at admission, and its diagnostic accuracy was compared with Sepsis-3 criteria. Survival rates on day 28 and 90 were also recorded. Additionally, five machine learning (ML) models were tested to enhance diagnostic efficacy. Of 488 subjects, 90 were in the sepsis group and 398 in the control group. MDW showed a diagnostic area under the curve (AUC) of 0.82, comparable to C-reactive protein (CRP) and Procalcitonin (PCT) with AUCs of 0.78 and 0.82, respectively. With a cut-off value of 25.25, MDW had a sensitivity of 0.83 and specificity of 0.76. The positive and negative predictive values were 44% and 95%, respectively. When MDW was combined with platelet count, serum albumin, and hemoglobin in a random forest model, the AUC improved to 0.931. The model achieved a sensitivity of 1.00 and specificity of 0.732. MDW is a useful diagnostic marker for sepsis in patients with HIV, with strong sensitivity and specificity. Combining MDW with other lab markers can further enhance diagnostic accuracy.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05036928..","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2479634"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of an oral gut-targeted rabies virus-like particles (RVLPs) vaccine with mucosal immune adjuvant LTB via delivering of localized-release microparticles. 通过局部释放微颗粒递送粘膜免疫佐剂LTB的口服肠道靶向狂犬病病毒样颗粒（rvlp）疫苗的研制

IF 8.4 2区医学

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2025.2515406

Jinping Niu, Zhangting Zhao, Tong Zhang, Qingwei Liu, Liyao Huang, Shipo Li, Haipeng Liu, Shaowen Yu, Linfeng Li, Hao Jia, Wenyun Zheng, Feng Yang, Xingyuan Ma

{"title":"Development of an oral gut-targeted rabies virus-like particles (RVLPs) vaccine with mucosal immune adjuvant LTB via delivering of localized-release microparticles.","authors":"Jinping Niu, Zhangting Zhao, Tong Zhang, Qingwei Liu, Liyao Huang, Shipo Li, Haipeng Liu, Shaowen Yu, Linfeng Li, Hao Jia, Wenyun Zheng, Feng Yang, Xingyuan Ma","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2515406","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2515406","url":null,"abstract":"Rabies, a fatal zoonotic infectious diseases caused by rabies virus (RABV) infection, still has a high incidence with no effective cure in many Asian countries, even though numerous commercial vaccines have been administered for decades. One of the most important reasons is the neglected that main reservoirs of RABV, such as many stray and wild animals, are inaccessible for effective vaccination, especially in natural wilderness environments. In this study, we developed a highly effective gut-targeted oral rabies vaccine (ORV), which containing the immunoadjuvant LTB by targeted administration of microparticles with local release in the intestine. Based on the virus like particles (RVLPs) were assembled by RABV glycoprotein (RVGP) and matrix protein (RVMP), the enterically released microparticles ELPGA MPs loaded with RVLPs and djuvant LTB (RVLPs + LTB/EPLGA MPs) were prepared and demonstrated the ability of intestinal targeting which released in a pH-dependent manner. Subsequently, in vivo immunoassay experiments showed that the levels of anti-RVLPs IgG, IFN-γ and IL-4 were significantly higher in the RVLPs + LTB/EPLGA MPs groups than in the normal saline group or positive control group (R group) after intragastric administration. Moreover, higher levels of CD4+/CD8+ T cells ratios in the peripheral blood and sIgA in the intestines and feces of mice indicated that RVLPs + LTB/EPLGA MPs group elicited a stronger cellular immune response and mucosal immunity. In short, the novel oral vaccine is exploring valuable strategies of oral gut-targeted vaccines and promising to effectively prevent the spread of RABV among terrestrial carnivorous animals and human populations.","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2515406"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12172084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prior immunological memory to pertussis toxin affects the avidity development of anti-PT IgG antibodies after acellular pertussis booster vaccination. 先前对百日咳毒素的免疫记忆影响无细胞百日咳加强疫苗接种后抗pt IgG抗体的快速发展。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2025.2547720

Aapo Knuutila, Niina Ahvenainen, Alex-Mikael Barkoff, Jussi Mertsola, Pieter van Gageldonk, Annemarie Buisman, Marta Valente Pinto, Dominic Kelly, Qiushui He

{"title":"Prior immunological memory to pertussis toxin affects the avidity development of anti-PT IgG antibodies after acellular pertussis booster vaccination.","authors":"Aapo Knuutila, Niina Ahvenainen, Alex-Mikael Barkoff, Jussi Mertsola, Pieter van Gageldonk, Annemarie Buisman, Marta Valente Pinto, Dominic Kelly, Qiushui He","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2547720","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2547720","url":null,"abstract":"Acellular pertussis vaccines are used in many countries. Since the quantity of antibodies after vaccination wanes quickly, to study functional antibody properties is important for evaluating long-lasting protection. Additionally, substantial variation in the quantity and quality of antibodies exists after vaccination in different age groups. The avidity of antibodies to pertussis toxin (PT) after Tdap3-IPV booster vaccination was studied in children, adolescents, young adults, and older adults. Serum samples (N = 365) were collected before, one month, and one year after vaccination in Finland, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. The samples were diluted to equal anti-PT IgG concentrations, and avidity was measured utilizing urea as a chaotropic agent. Although concentrations of anti-PT IgG at baseline were similar between the countries, avidity was higher in the Netherlands and United Kingdom. Despite increased anti-PT IgG concentrations in participants after vaccination, an increase in avidity was noted mainly among participants with low pre-vaccine avidity. Avidity was significantly lower in older adults in comparison to children (p < 0.01) and adolescents (p = 0.03) in Finnish participants one month after vaccination. Avidity after booster was influenced by the initial level of avidity, which could be linked to vaccination background, age, and prior disease exposure. The development of avidity from one month after vaccination to a year after was highly individual, with some participants having either a decrease, an increase or a stagnant level of avidity. This emphasizes that long-term follow-up of avidity is essential. Booster vaccination seems particularly beneficial to individuals with low antibody avidity before vaccination.","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2547720"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12406325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144845044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging Clostridioides difficile strains belonging to PCR ribotype 955 in Serbia are distinct from metronidazole-resistant RT955 outbreak isolates from the UK. 塞尔维亚新出现的属于PCR核型955的艰难梭菌菌株与来自英国的耐甲硝唑RT955爆发分离株不同。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2025.2544733

Predrag Stojanovic, Margriet Kraakman, Daan W Notermans, James Groot, Céline Harmanus, Joffrey van Prehn, Mark Wilcox, Ed J Kuijper, Wiep Klaas Smits

{"title":"Emerging Clostridioides difficile strains belonging to PCR ribotype 955 in Serbia are distinct from metronidazole-resistant RT955 outbreak isolates from the UK.","authors":"Predrag Stojanovic, Margriet Kraakman, Daan W Notermans, James Groot, Céline Harmanus, Joffrey van Prehn, Mark Wilcox, Ed J Kuijper, Wiep Klaas Smits","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2544733","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2544733","url":null,"abstract":"End 2023, the UK Health Security Agency sent an alert about a new hypervirulent Clostridioides difficile PCR ribotype, ribotype 955 (RT955), causing slowly progressing infection clusters in hospitals in the Midlands. Between March 2018 and February 2022, surveillance of Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI) was performed in southern Serbia with centres providing medical services for approximately 750,000 inhabitants. Using the ECDC recommended protocol, clinical, epidemiological and microbiological data were collected. C. difficile RT955 was identified in 27 (7%) of 383 surveyed patients with CDI. Of 27 patients, 16 (59%) was older than 60 years and 19 (70%) were male. CDI was always associated with previous antibiotic therapy and had a hospital onset in 23 (85%) patients. The clinical presentation was milder than reported in UK. All sequenced strains belonged to multilocus sequence type (ST) 1 and were highly similar, with 0-1 alleles differences in a core genome multilocus sequence typing analysis. The strains differed clearly from the UK RT955 outbreak strain by whole genome sequencing and phenotypic susceptibility to metronidazole, lincosamides and rifampicin. Interestingly, a high-level erythromycin resistance was observed associated with the presence of the mrmA gene. Both the UK and Serbian RT955 strains contained gyrA_p.T82I associated with resistance to fluoroquinolone antimicrobials and carried the PnimBG promoter mutation, suggestive for haem-dependent metronidazole resistance. We conclude that C. difficile RT955 is present in southern Serbia since 2018. The Serbian RT955 strains differed clearly from a representative UK cluster strain.","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2544733"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12409861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144820933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-neutralizing activity of the chikungunya vaccine VLA1553 against three prevalent chikungunya lineages. 基孔肯雅疫苗VLA1553对三种流行基孔肯雅谱系的交叉中和活性。

IF 8.4 2区医学

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2025.2469653

Karin Kosulin, Trevor L Brasel, Jeanon Smith, Maricela Torres, Annegret Bitzer, Katrin Dubischar, Vera Buerger, Robert Mader, Scott C Weaver, David W C Beasley, Romana Hochreiter

{"title":"Cross-neutralizing activity of the chikungunya vaccine VLA1553 against three prevalent chikungunya lineages.","authors":"Karin Kosulin, Trevor L Brasel, Jeanon Smith, Maricela Torres, Annegret Bitzer, Katrin Dubischar, Vera Buerger, Robert Mader, Scott C Weaver, David W C Beasley, Romana Hochreiter","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2469653","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2469653","url":null,"abstract":"Cross-neutralization is generally a prerequisite for cross-protection of vaccines against diseases caused by heterologous viruses. Using sera obtained from a randomized clinical phase 3 trial in adults, we investigated the cross-neutralization activity of VLA1553, a vaccine recently approved to prevent chikungunya disease. Analysed in a plaque reduction neutralization test, the three major chikungunya virus (CHIKV) lineages, namely the East Central South African, the West African, and the Asian lineage, were inhibited by CHIKV-specific neutralizing antibodies present in the sera from vaccinated humans. This effect was independent of the time elapsed since vaccination. Moreover, the magnitude of the immune response was similar to the antibody levels detected in sera from convalescent chikungunya patients. Thus, VLA1553 has the potential to diminish the burden of chikungunya disease on a global scale.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04546724.","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2469653"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11894744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Addendum. 附录。

IF 8.4 2区医学

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2025.2455223

引用次数: 0