Emerging Microbes & Infections最新文献_第6页

Molecular cloning of a monkeypox virus clade IIb genome and construction of an attenuated mutant for basic and translational research. 猴痘病毒进化支IIb基因组的分子克隆及用于基础和转化研究的减毒突变体的构建。

IF 7 2区医学

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2026-12-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-26 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2026.2717859

Vincent Klatt, Christian Meyer Zu Natrup, Laura Staliunaite, Sabrina Clever, Jan Knickmann, Sonja Ohrnberger, Jan Seib, Eleonore Ostermann, Hanna-Marie Weichel, Marylyn M Addo, Asisa Volz, Wolfram Brune

{"title":"Molecular cloning of a monkeypox virus clade IIb genome and construction of an attenuated mutant for basic and translational research.","authors":"Vincent Klatt, Christian Meyer Zu Natrup, Laura Staliunaite, Sabrina Clever, Jan Knickmann, Sonja Ohrnberger, Jan Seib, Eleonore Ostermann, Hanna-Marie Weichel, Marylyn M Addo, Asisa Volz, Wolfram Brune","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2026.2717859","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2026.2717859","url":null,"abstract":"Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a rodent-borne orthopoxvirus causing mpox disease upon zoonotic transmission to humans. Recent global outbreaks have raised awareness and highlighted the need for basic and translational research. However, research is hampered by the classification of MPXV as a Risk Group 3 pathogen. In an effort to overcome this limitation, we generated a complete full-length MPXV clade IIb bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone by single-step transformation-associated recombination (STAR) cloning in yeast. The integrity of the cloned MPXV genome sequence and the replication capability of the BAC-derived virus were verified. To obtain an attenuated mutant, the viral thymidine kinase (TK) gene, OPG101, was deleted by BAC recombineering. The TK-deficient MPXV mutant replicated to similar titers as the wild-type virus in cell culture but was attenuated in vivo, as shown in the CAST/EiJ mouse intradermal infection model. The attenuated TK-deficient MPXV mutant has the potential to be classified as a Risk Group 2 pathogen by regulatory authorities. This would allow research to be conducted in Biosafety Level 2 laboratories and greatly facilitate basic and applied MPXV research. For example, we demonstrate that the TK-deficient virus can be used for the detection of neutralizing antibodies in human serum samples or for antiviral drug testing.","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":"15 1","pages":"2717859"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13520863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148826165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Compartmentalized cytokine networks and systemic immune remodelling in bovine mammary H5N1 infection. 牛乳腺H5N1感染的区隔细胞因子网络和全身免疫重塑。

IF 7 2区医学

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2026-12-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-08 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2026.2686469

Gagandeep Singh, Konner Cool, Shristi Ghimire, Jessie D Trujillo, Igor Morozov, Natasha N Gaudreault, Huibin Lv, Kaijun Jiang, Yonghai Li, Bumduuren Tuvshintulga, Chester D McDowell, Adolfo García-Sastre, Nicholas C Wu, Juergen A Richt

{"title":"Compartmentalized cytokine networks and systemic immune remodelling in bovine mammary H5N1 infection.","authors":"Gagandeep Singh, Konner Cool, Shristi Ghimire, Jessie D Trujillo, Igor Morozov, Natasha N Gaudreault, Huibin Lv, Kaijun Jiang, Yonghai Li, Bumduuren Tuvshintulga, Chester D McDowell, Adolfo García-Sastre, Nicholas C Wu, Juergen A Richt","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2026.2686469","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2026.2686469","url":null,"abstract":"Highly pathogenic avian influenza A H5N1 has recently expanded its mammalian host range; in 2024, genotype B3.13 emerged in U.S. dairy cattle with pronounced mammary tropism. In the past, Influenza A virus immunology has been characterized primarily in respiratory infection models, whereas this study delineates immune responses after intramammary infection. Following intramammary H5N1 challenge of Jersey cows in the early dry-off period, an integrated characterization of dose- and compartment-specific (alveoli versus teat cistern) cytokine and chemokine profiles with peripheral leukocyte dynamics and H5- or N1-specific antibody responses was performed. The results indicate that infection-induced, quarter-restricted, monophasic inflammatory networks peak at 3-7 days post-infection, accompanied by coordinated peripheral myeloid expansion and IFN-γ-competent lymphocyte activation, and rising antibody titres across quarters.","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2686469"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13353500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148175590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differential pathogenesis and antiviral treatment outcomes of MPXV clade Ib and clade IIb in a BALB/c mouse model. 在BALB/c小鼠模型中MPXV分支Ib和分支IIb的不同发病机制和抗病毒治疗结果

IF 7 2区医学

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2026-12-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-16 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2026.2724633

Yong Feng, Chenguang Shen, Penghui Jia, Bo Peng, Wei Yang, Shiman Chen, Yun Peng, Xiaowen Liang, Shengjie Zhang, Fangfang Chang, Yuanlong Lin, Mingxia Zhang, Yingxia Liu, Baisheng Li, Fuxiang Wang, Yang Yang

{"title":"Differential pathogenesis and antiviral treatment outcomes of MPXV clade Ib and clade IIb in a BALB/c mouse model.","authors":"Yong Feng, Chenguang Shen, Penghui Jia, Bo Peng, Wei Yang, Shiman Chen, Yun Peng, Xiaowen Liang, Shengjie Zhang, Fangfang Chang, Yuanlong Lin, Mingxia Zhang, Yingxia Liu, Baisheng Li, Fuxiang Wang, Yang Yang","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2026.2724633","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2026.2724633","url":null,"abstract":"The global emergence of monkeypox virus (MPXV) clade IIb since 2022, together with the recent spread of clade Ib, underscores the continuing public health threat posed by MPXV. Clinical and epidemiological observations suggest that clade Ib infection may differ from clade IIb infection, but the biological basis of these differences remains insufficiently defined. In this study, we established an intranasal BALB/c mouse model of MPXV clade Ib infection and compared its pathogenicity with that of clade IIb. Clade Ib caused lethal disease at an inoculation dose approximately ten-fold lower than that required for clade IIb. Compared with clade IIb, clade Ib infection showed faster disease progression, higher pulmonary viral burden at later stages of infection, and more severe lung pathology. Single-cell transcriptome and cytokine response analyses further uncovered clade-specific differences in pulmonary immune cell landscapes, the distribution of MPXV-positive cells, and the expression patterns of key inflammatory mediators at specific time points. Antiviral evaluation showed that tecovirimat and cidofovir were active against both clades, although a higher dose of cidofovir was required to achieve protection in the clade Ib infection model. Together, these findings establish a susceptible BALB/c mouse model for MPXV clade Ib and provide experimental evidence for clade-dependent differences in MPXV pathogenicity and antiviral treatment outcomes.","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":"15 1","pages":"2724633"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13587567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148982389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Engineered bispecific antibodies achieve broad and potent protection against multiple ebolavirus species. 工程双特异性抗体实现对多种埃博拉病毒的广泛有效保护。

IF 7 2区医学

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2026-12-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-19 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2026.2668755

Jinge Zhou, Baoyue Zhang, Yanfeng Yao, Fangxu Li, Shaohong Chen, Yan Wu, Ying Xie, Xiaoping Guo, Wujian Li, Cheng Peng, Yun Peng, Ge Gao, Feihu Yan, Rui Gong, Xinghai Zhang, Sandra Chiu

{"title":"Engineered bispecific antibodies achieve broad and potent protection against multiple ebolavirus species.","authors":"Jinge Zhou, Baoyue Zhang, Yanfeng Yao, Fangxu Li, Shaohong Chen, Yan Wu, Ying Xie, Xiaoping Guo, Wujian Li, Cheng Peng, Yun Peng, Ge Gao, Feihu Yan, Rui Gong, Xinghai Zhang, Sandra Chiu","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2026.2668755","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2026.2668755","url":null,"abstract":"Ebolaviruses, including EBOV, SUDV, and BDBV, cause severe hemorrhagic fever, yet currently licensed monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies against EBOV lack cross-species efficacy. While mAbs offer high specificity, favourable safety profiles, and durable serum persistence, their susceptibility to viral escape highlights the need for broader, more resilient antibody strategies. Bispecific antibodies (bsAbs), which concurrently target non-overlapping epitopes, have the potential to enhance neutralization potency, expand strain coverage, and mitigate mutation-driven resistance. In this study, we engineered three bsAb formats-CrossMab®, DVD-IgG, and IgG-ScFv-directed against distinct ebolavirus epitopes and systematically characterized their antiviral activities. All bsAbs exhibited potent neutralizing activity and conferred substantial protection in mouse challenge models. Notably, the IgG-ScFv format demonstrated the greatest improvements in neutralization potency and in vivo efficacy. These findings provide a framework for rational bsAb design and underscore their promise as next-generation immunotherapeutics capable of broad and durable protection against diverse ebolaviruses.","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2668755"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13188560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147812438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Longitudinal in vivo imaging reveals asynchronous, incomplete Nipah virus clearance with prolonged focal CNS involvement in IFNAR^-/- mice. 纵向体内成像显示，IFNAR-/-小鼠的尼帕病毒清除不同步，不完全，局灶性中枢神经系统受累时间延长。

IF 7 2区医学

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2026-12-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-24 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2026.2703394

Katherine A Davies, Stephen R Welch, Joann D Coleman-McCray, Georgia Ficarra, Jana M Ritter, Teresa E Sorvillo, Virginia Aida-Ficken, Shilpi Jain, César G Albariño, Joel M Montgomery, Michael K Lo, Christina F Spiropoulou, Jessica R Spengler

{"title":"Longitudinal in vivo imaging reveals asynchronous, incomplete Nipah virus clearance with prolonged focal CNS involvement in IFNAR-/- mice.","authors":"Katherine A Davies, Stephen R Welch, Joann D Coleman-McCray, Georgia Ficarra, Jana M Ritter, Teresa E Sorvillo, Virginia Aida-Ficken, Shilpi Jain, César G Albariño, Joel M Montgomery, Michael K Lo, Christina F Spiropoulou, Jessica R Spengler","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2026.2703394","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2026.2703394","url":null,"abstract":"Nipah virus (NiV) infection causes fatal acute respiratory and neurological disease. Survivors may develop long-term sequelae or experience relapsing encephalitis months to years after recovery. The basis of divergent disease trajectories and incomplete viral clearance remains poorly defined. Here, we establish a red-shifted bioluminescent resonance energy transfer reporter system to enable longitudinal tracking of NiV infection in vivo and apply it in mouse models of infection. We demonstrate route-, strain-, and immune-dependent differences in dissemination following NiV infection and reveal spatially heterogeneous and asynchronous viral clearance. While intranasal infection remains largely confined to the respiratory tract, intraperitoneal infection results in systemic spread followed by prolonged, fluctuating focal viral signal detectable up to 42 days post-infection in IFNAR-/- mice. Integration with RT-qPCR, histopathology, and in situ hybridization showed persistent viral RNA in discrete brain regions after apparent clinical recovery, indicating anatomically restricted persistence. Together, these findings reveal the spatiotemporal dynamics of incomplete NiV clearance in vivo and provide a framework to study relapsing disease.","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":"15 1","pages":"2703394"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13403577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148583685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comment on "sharp rise in high-virulence Bordetella pertussis with macrolides resistance in Northern China". 关于“中国北方高毒力百日咳大环内酯类耐药病例急剧上升”的评论。

IF 7 2区医学

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2026-12-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-27 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2026.2662077

Zhengbin Li, Zilong Li, Xiang Ma

引用次数: 0

Fas receptor binding is a key determinant of the enhanced aggressiveness of the novel recombinant Echovirus 11. Fas受体结合是新型重组Echovirus 11侵袭性增强的关键决定因素。

IF 7 2区医学

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2026-12-01 Epub Date: 2026-10-19 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2026.2746750

Leonardo Sclavi, Giulia Venneri, Antonella Bugatti, Marta Giovanetti, Serena Messali, Cheryl L Maier, Guido Silvestri, Francesca Caccuri, Arnaldo Caruso

{"title":"Fas receptor binding is a key determinant of the enhanced aggressiveness of the novel recombinant Echovirus 11.","authors":"Leonardo Sclavi, Giulia Venneri, Antonella Bugatti, Marta Giovanetti, Serena Messali, Cheryl L Maier, Guido Silvestri, Francesca Caccuri, Arnaldo Caruso","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2026.2746750","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2026.2746750","url":null,"abstract":"A novel recombinant strain of Echovirus 11 has recently emerged worldwide and has been associated with increased pathogenicity, particularly causing severe disease in neonates. The enhanced virulence of this variant may be linked to its recombinant nature and the accumulation of mutations in capsid proteins.In this study, we investigated the relationship between genetic variations and virulence using a clinical isolate of the dominant Echovirus 11 D5 genotype, in comparison with the prototype strain. In vitro characterization in A549 human lung epithelial cells revealed that the clinical isolate exhibits significantly greater cytopathic effects than the prototype, as evidenced by increased lytic replication, reduced cell viability, and higher viral loads accompanied by enhanced release of infectious particles. The isolated virus was found to directly bind and activate the Fas receptor as demonstrated by surface plasmon resonance and cross-linking mass spectrometry analyses. This was found to enhance productive viral replication and facilitate the efficient release of newly assembled virions from infected cells, thereby promoting rapid viral dissemination. Collectively, these findings elucidate the mechanism underlying the increased aggressiveness of this emerging Echovirus 11 variant and underscore the importance of heightened surveillance and awareness of its potential clinical impact.","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":"15 1","pages":"2746750"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13686198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction. 修正。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2026-12-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-28 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2026.2678031

引用次数: 0

Involvement of the African swine fever virus protein pH108R in virion morphogenesis. 非洲猪瘟病毒蛋白pH108R参与病毒粒子形态发生。

IF 7 2区医学

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2026-12-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2026.2620241

Jingjing Ren, Guoqiang Zhu, Yuan Wen, Yi Ru, Hong Tian, Xiaolan Qi, Xiaodong Qin, Zhengwang Shi, Yanlong Zhou, Dan Li, Haixue Zheng

{"title":"Involvement of the African swine fever virus protein pH108R in virion morphogenesis.","authors":"Jingjing Ren, Guoqiang Zhu, Yuan Wen, Yi Ru, Hong Tian, Xiaolan Qi, Xiaodong Qin, Zhengwang Shi, Yanlong Zhou, Dan Li, Haixue Zheng","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2026.2620241","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2026.2620241","url":null,"abstract":"African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the causative agent of the highly contagious and devastating haemorrhagic swine disease for which there are no effective vaccines or treatments available. The ASFV infectious cycle initiates with the viral absorption and entry into the host cell, then ASFV undergoes the uncoating process, viral inner envelope and endosome membrane fusion, DNA replication and gene transcription as well as translation, subsequently ASFV morphogenesis takes place within viral factories. ASFV morphogenesis is highly complex, and the mechanisms involved in ASFV morphogenesis are not well understood at present. Here, we reported that the inner envelope protein pH108R is involved in the ASFV morphogenesis. Interestingly, the absence of pH108R results in the formation of large numbers of tubular structures and bilobulate structures, providing evidence that pH108R plays a role in ASFV morphogenesis. Furthermore, the absence of pH108R inhibits the proteolytic processing of core-shell polyproteins pp220 and pp62. pH108R is identified as associated with capsid proteins p49 and p72, displaying the function of pH108R in the assembly of the capsid. Besides, the absence of pH108R reduces the protein levels of pA104R. Additionally, the pathogenicity of the pH108R-deleted ASFV strain is attenuated in pigs compared with the parental virus. These findings elucidate the regulatory role of pH108R in ASFV morphogenesis and provide an attractive target for vaccine development.","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":"15 1","pages":"2620241"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12903959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146164716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction. 修正。

IF 7 2区医学

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2026-12-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-12 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2026.2657186

引用次数: 0