Emerging Microbes & Infections最新文献

{"title":"Longitudinal seroprevalence of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in Southern Uganda.","authors":"Evan A Mihalakakos, Victor Ssempijja, Ruy M Ribeiro, Carmen Molina-Paris, Gerald Katushabe, Josephine Nalwadda, Jonah Omooja, Denis K Byarugaba, Kyle Rosenke, Steven J Reynolds, Mary K Grabowski, Ronald M Galiwango, Robert Ssekubugu, Heinz Feldmann, David W Hawman","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2465315","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2465315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne disease endemic to many regions of Africa, the Middle East, Southeast Asia and the Balkans. Caused by the CCHF virus (CCHFV), CCHF has been a recognized cause of illness in Uganda since the 1950s and recently, more intensive surveillance suggests CCHFV is widely endemic within the country. Most surveillance has been focused on the Ugandan cattle corridor due to the risk of CCHFV exposure associated with livestock practices. Here we evaluated the seroprevalence of CCHFV in several Southern Ugandan communities outside the cattle corridor combined with longitudinal sample sets to measure the immune response to CCHFV for up to a decade. Interestingly, across three community types, agrarian, trading and fishing, we detected CCHFV seroprevalence in all three but found the highest seroprevalence in fishing communities. We also measured consistent CCHFV-specific antibody responses for up to a decade. Our findings support the conclusion that CCHFV is widely endemic in Uganda and highlight that additional communities may be at risk for CCHFV exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2465315"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11878160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143406480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction and validation of a predictive model for meningoencephalitis in pediatric scrub typhus based on machine learning algorithms.","authors":"Yonghan Luo, Wenrui Ding, Xiaotao Yang, Houxi Bai, Feng Jiao, Yan Guo, Ting Zhang, Xiu Zou, Yanchun Wang","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2469651","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2469651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics of pediatric scrub typhus (ST) with meningoencephalitis (STME) and to construct and validate predictive models using machine learning.Clinical data were collected from 100 cases of pediatric STME and matched with data from 100 ST cases without meningitis using propensity-score matching. Risk factors for STME in pediatrics were identified through the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis. Six predictive models-Logistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbors, Naive Bayes, Multi-layer Perceptron(MLP), Random Forest, and XGBoost-were constructed using the training set and evaluated for performance, with validation conducted on the test set. The Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) method was applied to rank the importance of each variable.All children improved and were discharged following treatment with azithromycin/doxycycline (1/99). Twelve variable features were identified through the LASSO regression. Of the six predictive models developed, the XGBoost model demonstrated the highest performance in the training set (AUC = 0.926), though its performance in the test set was moderate (AUC = 0.740). The MLP model exhibited robust predictive performance in both training and test sets, with AUCs of 0.897 and 0.817, respectively. Clinical decision curve analysis indicated that the MLP and XGBoost models provide significant clinical utility. SHAP analysis identified the most important predictors for STME as ferritin, white blood cell count, edema, prothrombin time, fibrinogen, duration of pre-admission fever, eschar, activated partial thromboplastin time, splenomegaly, and headache. The MLP and XGBoost models showed strong predictive capability for pediatric STME, with favorable outcomes following doxycycline-based therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2469651"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11892057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An mpox quadrivalent mRNA vaccine elicits sustained and protective immunity in mice against lethal vaccinia virus challenge.","authors":"Entao Li, Qiyuan Yang, Wenyu Xie, Qizan Gong, Xiaoping Guo, Jinge Zhou, Jiachen Zhang, Xia Chuai, Yucai Wang, Sandra Chiu","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2447619","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2447619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Assessing the long-term efficacy of MPXV vaccine candidates is crucial for the global response to the ongoing mpox epidemic. Built upon our previous study of the mpox quadrivalent mRNA vaccine, herein we reported that MPXV-1103 could elicit sustained humoral and cellular immunity in mice, including the induction of MPXV A35/B6/A29/M1-specific IgG antibodies, VACV neutralizing antibodies and activated cytotoxic CD8⁺T cells, which provides 100% protection against lethal VACV challenge even at 280 days after the first vaccination. Our results provide critical insights for orthopoxvirus vaccine development.</p>","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2447619"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758793/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preassembled complexes of hAgo2 and ssRNA delivered by nanoparticles: a novel silencing gene expression approach overcoming the absence of the canonical pathway of siRNA processing in the apicomplexan parasite Babesia microti, blood parasite of veterinary and zoonotic importance.","authors":"Shimaa A E-S El-Sayed, Mohamed A Rizk, Hang Li, Uday Kumar Mohanta, Iqra Zafar, Shengwei Ji, Zhuowei Ma, Thom Do, Yongchang Li, Daisuke Kondoh, Jerzy Jaroszewski, Xuenan Xuan","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2438658","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2438658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to the lack of efficacy of the currently used chemical drugs, poor tick control, and lack of effective vaccines against <i>Babesia</i>, novel control strategies are urgently needed. In this regard, searching for anti-<i>Babesia</i> gene therapy may facilitate the control of this infection. Following this pattern, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are widely used to study gene function and hence open the way to control the parasite. However, the primary constraint of this approach is the lack of <i>Babesia</i> to RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) enzymes, making siRNA impractical. In this study, we preassembled complexes with the human enzyme argonaute 2 (hAgo2) and a small interfering RNA (siRNA)<i>/</i>single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) against <i>B. gibsoni</i> and <i>B. microti</i> metabolite transporters. The assembled complexes were generated by developing a gene delivery system with chitosan dehydroascorbic acid nanoparticles. The delivery system effectively protected the loaded RNAi and targeted <i>Babesia-</i>infected RBCs with a relatively high internalization rate. The assembled complexes were successfully transfected into live parasites for specific slicing of <i>Babesia</i> targets. We demonstrated a reduction in the expression of target genes at the mRNA level. Furthermore, this silencing inhibited <i>Babesia</i> growth <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. For the first time, we used this method to confirm the role of the assembled complexes in manipulating the noncanonical pathway of RNAi in <i>Babesia</i> parasites. This novel method provides a means of silencing <i>Babesia</i> genes to study their role in host-parasite interactions and as potential targets for gene therapy and control.</p>","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2438658"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11721618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"West Nile Virus in a changing climate: epidemiology, pathology, advances in diagnosis and treatment, vaccine designing and control strategies, emerging public health challenges - a comprehensive review.","authors":"Parminder Singh, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Suhas Ballal, Mandeep Kaur, Deepak Nathiya, Shilpa Sharma, G V Siva Prasad, Aashna Sinha, Abhay M Gaidhane, Priyanka Mohapatra, Amit Varma, Sorabh Lakhanpal, Muhammed Shabil, Ganesh Bushi, Sanjit Sah, Hashem Abu Serhan","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2437244","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2437244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b>West Nile Virus (WNV), first identified in Uganda in 1937, remains a significant global health threat, adapting across diverse ecosystems and expanding geographically, particularly into temperate regions of Europe and North America. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the latest insights and challenges in WNV management, focusing on epidemiological trends, molecular advancements, and public health implications. Recent data highlight WNV's expansion, driven by climate changes such as milder winters and longer warm seasons that increase mosquito activity and enable the virus to overwinter within mosquito populations. This facilitates year-round transmission and challenges current control strategies. Molecularly, advancements in genomic and proteomic technologies have deepened our understanding of WNV's replication and pathogenesis, identifying new therapeutic targets and improving diagnostic methods. However, the absence of an approved human vaccine leaves management dependent on supportive care, particularly for severe neurological cases. Effective vector control remains crucial, with innovative strategies including genetically modified mosquitoes and novel insecticides being pivotal. Furthermore, environmental factors like climate change and urbanization are altering vector behaviors and WNV transmission dynamics, necessitating adaptive public health strategies to manage these evolving threats. The review underscores the need for ongoing research, vaccine and therapeutic development, and enhanced public health infrastructures to better respond to WNV challenges. It stresses the critical role of integrating scientific research, public health policy, and community engagement to effectively address the persistent threat of WNV.</p>","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2437244"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142754798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of a novel reassortant highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N2) Virus, 2024.","authors":"Rabeh El-Shesheny, Mokhtar Gomaa, Mohamed El Sayes, Mina Nabil Kamel, Ahmed El Taweel, Omnia Kutkat, Mohamed GabAllah, Amany Elkhrsawy, Hager Emam, Yassmin Moatasim, Ahmed Kandeil, Pamela P McKenzie, Richard J Webby, Mohamed Ahmed Ali, Ghazi Kayali","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2455601","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2455601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reassortant highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N2) clade 2.3.4.4.b viruses were detected from ducks and environmental samples in Egypt, June 2024. Genomic and phylogenetic analyses revealed a novel genotype produced by the reassortment of an A(H5N1) clade 2.3.3.4b virus with an A(H9N2) G1-like virus. Monitoring the spread of this virus is important.</p>","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2455601"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11789212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum levels of neurofilament light chain and glial fibrillary acidic protein correlate with disease severity in patients with West Nile virus infection.","authors":"Alessandro Dinoto, Monia Pacenti, Sara Mariotto, Davide Abate, Vittoria Lisi, Sorsha Satto, Stefania Vogiatzis, Vanessa Chiodega, Sara Carta, Sergio Ferrari, Luisa Barzon","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2447606","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2024.2447606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>West Nile virus (WNV) is a neurotropic mosquito-borne orthoflavivirus, representing a relevant public health threat. Identification of biomarkers that would predict the course of WNV infection is of interest for the early identification of patients at risk and for supporting decisions on therapeutic interventions. In this study, serum levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (sGFAP) and neurofilament light chain (sNfL), which are markers of brain tissue damage and inflammation, were analysed in 103 subjects with laboratory-confirmed WNV infection, comprising 13 asymptomatic blood donors, 23 with WN fever (WNF), 50 with encephalitis/meningoencephalitis (E/ME) and 17 with acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). In addition, 55 WNV-negative subjects with fever, encephalitis or healthy asymptomatic were included as controls. Age-adjusted levels of both sNfL and sGFAP were significantly higher in patients with neuroinvasive disease than in those with fever or asymptomatic (both WNV-positive and WNV-negative), suggesting a broad association of these biomarkers with systemic inflammation and brain injury resulting from infection. In WNV patients, the combined analysis of sNfL and sGFAP early after symptom onset allowed discrimination between neuroinvasive disease and fever with 67.2% sensitivity and 91.3% specificity, but not between E/ME and AFP. Furthermore, high levels of sNfL and sGFAP were significantly associated with prolonged hospital stay, intensive care unit admission and the occurrence of death or severe sequelae. Detection of WNV RNA in CSF was associated with increased sGFAP. In conclusion, our study indicates the potential utility of sNfL and sGFAP as biomarkers of WNV disease severity and adverse outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2447606"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11849020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143406515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resveratrol inhibits African swine fever virus replication <i>via</i> the Nrf2-mediated reduced glutathione and antioxidative activities.","authors":"Di Liu, Lian-Feng Li, Huanjie Zhai, Tao Wang, Jing Lan, Mengxiang Cao, Meng Yao, Yijing Wang, Jia Li, Xin Song, Yuan Sun, Hua-Ji Qiu","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2469662","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2469662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious and severe infectious disease caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). The disease significantly threatens the sustainable development of the global pig industry. Unfortunately, to date, no safe and efficacious vaccines are commercially available except in Vietnam. Antioxidative stress is a critical factor in antiviral strategies. In this study, we show that ASFV infection elevates the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and suppresses the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. Moreover, overexpressing Nrf2 can significantly inhibit ASFV replication. Through high-throughput screening of natural small molecules against ASFV, we identify resveratrol (RES), an Nrf2 activator, as a compound capable of inducing the cellular antiviral responses and effectively inhibiting ASFV replication in primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs). Notably, untargeted metabolomics profiling reveals that glutathione emerges as a primary differential metabolite related to the antiviral activities of RES against ASFV. Mechanistically, RES exerts its antiviral effects and attenuates the elevated level of ROS caused by ASFV infection by inducing the production of reduced glutathione (GSH) <i>via</i> the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway. In conclusion, RES exhibits broad efficacy as a potentially effective compound for inhibiting ASFV infection and alleviating the oxidative stress induced by ASFV infection <i>via</i> the Nrf2 signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2469662"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11878180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuraminidase reassortment and oseltamivir resistance in clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1) viruses circulating among Canadian poultry, 2024.","authors":"Anthony V Signore, Tomy Joseph, Charlene Ranadheera, Cassidy N G Erdelyan, Tamiru N Alkie, Sugandha Raj, Lemarie Pama, Ifeoluwa Ayilara, Tamiko Hisanaga, Oliver Lung, Nathalie Bastien, Yohannes Berhane","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2469643","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2469643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report the detection of a clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1) reassortant virus with a neuraminidase surface protein derived from a North American lineage low-pathogenic avian influenza virus. This virus caused a widespread and ongoing outbreak across 45 poultry farms in British Columbia, Canada. Isolates from 8 farms reveal a mutation in the neuraminidase protein (H275Y) that is exceptionally rare among clade 2.3.4.4b viruses (present in 0.045% of publicly available clade 2.3.4.4b isolates). NA-H275Y is a well-known marker of resistance to the neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir. We demonstrate that this substitution maintains its resistance phenotype on the genetic background of H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b viruses.</p>","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2469643"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sharp rise in high-virulence Bordetella pertussis with macrolides resistance in Northern China.","authors":"Yahong Hu, Lin Zhou, Qianqian Du, Wei Shi, Qinghong Meng, Lin Yuan, Huili Hu, Lijuan Ma, Dongfang Li, Kaihu Yao","doi":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2475841","DOIUrl":"10.1080/22221751.2025.2475841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To elucidate the evolution of antigen genotype and antimicrobial resistance distribution of <i>Bordetella pertussis</i> (<i>B. pertussis</i>) from 2019 to 2023 in northern China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and sequencing were utilized to identify the seven antigen genotypes (<i>ptxA, ptxC, ptxP, prn, fim2, fim3, tcfA</i>). E-test and Kirby-Bauer (K-B) disc diffusion were employed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and zone of inhibition for <i>B. pertussis</i> against antimicrobial agents. Subsequently, 50 isolates were chosen for multi-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) typing and whole-genome sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 442 <i>B. pertussis</i> isolates were determined. The strains with high virulence harbouring <i>ptxP3</i> allele surged from 13.5% (21/155) in 2019-2021 to 93.0% (267/287) in 2022-2023. Concurrently, the erythromycin resistance <i>B. pertussis</i> (ERBP) in <i>ptxP3</i> isolates markedly rose from 42.9% (9/21) in 2019-2021 to 100% (267/267) in 2022-2023. The majority of <i>ptxP3</i> isolates (76.0%,219/288) exhibited the <i>ptxA1/ptxC1/prn2/fim2-1/fim3A/tcfA-2</i> genotype. Among the 442 confirmed patients, the children aged 3-14 years escalated rapidly from 13.5% in 2019 to 45.6% in 2023. The MT28 strains were responsible for 66.0% (33/50) of the tested ones, in which ERBP was prevalent at 87.9% (29/33). All the present sequenced <i>ptxP3</i>-ERBP strains (31/31) were clustered into the sub-lineage IVd.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggested the clonal spread of the <i>ptxP3</i>-ERBP lineage of <i>B. pertussis</i> with high virulence and macrolides resistance could be an important cause of the recent pertussis resurgence in China. Furthermore, the increased cases among pre-school and school-aged children underscore the importance of booster vaccination in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":11602,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Microbes & Infections","volume":" ","pages":"2475841"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}