{"title":"Editorial overview: The march of mucosal vaccines","authors":"EC Lavelle, Meritxell Genescà","doi":"10.1016/j.coi.2023.102408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coi.2023.102408","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11361,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Immunology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 102408"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138833658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Differential signaling by type-I and type-III interferons in mucosa","authors":"Megan L Stanifer, Steeve Boulant","doi":"10.1016/j.coi.2023.102400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coi.2023.102400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mucosal surfaces are barrier sites that protect the body from the outside environment. They have developed mechanisms to handle microbiota-associated triggers while remaining responsive to pathogens. Cells at mucosal surfaces rely on both the type-I and -III interferons (IFNs) as key cytokines to protect the epithelium itself and to prevent systemic spread of viral infections. Type-I and -III IFNs have been shown to use distinct receptors but similar JAK/STAT signaling cascades to elicit the induction of IFN-stimulated genes. These overlapping cascades led to the original hypothesis that both IFNs provided redundant functions at mucosal surfaces. However, accumulating evidence points toward a different model where each IFN provides a unique protective and homeostatic function as well as distinct antiviral protection to epithelial cells. This review will highlight recent work shedding light on the differences in how both type -I and -III IFNs induce receptor-mediated signaling to protect mucosal surfaces.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11361,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Immunology","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 102400"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S095279152300119X/pdfft?md5=d01f0ec7113e74871a97194b80898a32&pid=1-s2.0-S095279152300119X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138833657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent advances in enterotoxin vaccine adjuvants","authors":"Jessica W Crothers , Elizabeth B Norton","doi":"10.1016/j.coi.2023.102398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coi.2023.102398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Enterotoxin adjuvants have been researched for their ability to promote immunity to co-delivered antigens. Outside of cholera vaccines, however, these proteins have yet to be included in any currently licensed vaccines. They include molecules derived from the bacterial toxins of <em>Vibrio cholerae</em>, cholera toxin, or <em>Escherichia coli</em>, heat-labile toxin, such as detoxified mutants or subunits. This class of adjuvants is distinguished by their delivery possibilities, which include parenteral injection, skin applications, or direct mucosal administration by oral, sublingual, or nasal routes. In addition, inclusion of an enterotoxin adjuvant is associated with development of multifaceted cellular and humoral immune responses to vaccination. Here, we review exciting progress in the past few years in clinical trials for safety and efficacy, preclinical vaccines studies, and new mechanistic insights for enterotoxin adjuvants. This includes recent reports of their use in vaccines targeting microbial infections (bacterial, viral, parasitic) or substance abuse drugs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11361,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Immunology","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 102398"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0952791523001176/pdfft?md5=bcce107f9388822c7f75015bc5d0223c&pid=1-s2.0-S0952791523001176-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134832548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Animal models of shigellosis: a historical overview","authors":"Noémie Alphonse , Charlotte Odendall","doi":"10.1016/j.coi.2023.102399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coi.2023.102399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Shigella</em> spp. are major causative agents of bacillary dysentery, a severe enteric disease characterized by destruction and inflammation of the colonic epithelium accompanied by acute diarrhea, fever, and abdominal pain. Although antibiotics have traditionally been effective, the prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains is increasing, stressing the urgent need for a vaccine. The human-specific nature of shigellosis and the absence of a dependable animal model have posed significant obstacles in understanding <em>Shigella</em> pathogenesis and the host immune response, both of which are crucial for the development of an effective vaccine. Efforts have been made over time to develop a physiological model that mimics the pathological features of the human disease with limited success until the recent development of genetically modified mouse models. In this review, we provide an overview of <em>Shigella</em> pathogenesis and chronicle the historical development of various shigellosis models, emphasizing their strengths and weaknesses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11361,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Immunology","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 102399"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0952791523001188/pdfft?md5=15b69b0960d9f25442c6ee7d13dbdea0&pid=1-s2.0-S0952791523001188-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89721289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diana Schnoegl , Angela Hiesinger , Nicholas D Huntington , Dagmar Gotthardt
{"title":"AP-1 transcription factors in cytotoxic lymphocyte development and antitumor immunity","authors":"Diana Schnoegl , Angela Hiesinger , Nicholas D Huntington , Dagmar Gotthardt","doi":"10.1016/j.coi.2023.102397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coi.2023.102397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The proper functioning of cytotoxic lymphocytes, such as natural killer and CD8+ T cells, is essential for effective cancer-immunity and immunotherapy responses. The differentiation of these cells is controlled by several transcription factors (TFs), including members of the activator protein (AP)-1 family. The activity of AP-1 family members is regulated by various immune signaling pathways, which can be triggered by activating or inhibitory receptors as well as cytokines. The target genes controlled by AP-1 TFs are central to generate immunity to pathogens or malignancies. Here, we provide an overview of the current understanding of how AP-1 TFs regulate cytotoxic lymphocytes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11361,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Immunology","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 102397"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0952791523001164/pdfft?md5=ca0b34498dbcc9c385ba5b3314e4ed36&pid=1-s2.0-S0952791523001164-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71490312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The future of vaccination in Latin America: learning from the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Fernando E Díaz, Lourdes Arruvito, Jorge Geffner","doi":"10.1016/j.coi.2023.102390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coi.2023.102390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic caused millions of deaths around the world. This dramatic balance requires governments, international organizations, vaccine manufacturers, and the scientific community itself to take stock of what has been done and what could have been done better. In this sense, the tremendous inequity in access to vaccines, the main tool to deal with the pandemic, deserves deep reflection and a set of actions to be carried out by low- and middle-income countries. Among them, the construction of a joint effort to produce their own vaccines and the reconsideration of the bases that govern the intellectual property rights of vaccines and medicines, which harmed equitable access to health, with the consequent loss of many lives that could have been saved.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11361,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Immunology","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 102390"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41166184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yolanda Rivera-Cuevas, Barbara Clough, Eva-Maria Frickel
{"title":"Human guanylate-binding proteins in intracellular pathogen detection, destruction, and host cell death induction","authors":"Yolanda Rivera-Cuevas, Barbara Clough, Eva-Maria Frickel","doi":"10.1016/j.coi.2023.102373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coi.2023.102373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cell-intrinsic defense is an essential part of the immune response against intracellular pathogens regulated by cytokine-induced proteins and pathways. One of the most upregulated families of proteins in this defense system are the guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs), large GTPases of the dynamin family, induced in response to interferon gamma. Human GBPs (hGBPs) exert their antimicrobial activity through detection of pathogen-associated molecular patterns and/or damage-associated molecular patterns to execute control mechanisms directed at the pathogen itself as well as the vacuolar compartments in which it resides. Consequently, hGBPs are also inducers of canonical and noncanonical inflammasome responses leading to host cell death. The mechanisms are both cell-type and pathogen-dependent with hGBP1 acting as a pioneer sensor for intracellular invaders. This review focuses on the most recent functional roles of hGBPs in pathways of pathogen detection, destruction, and host cell death induction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11361,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Immunology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 102373"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9934327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pauline Schmitt , Lisa Borkner , Seyed Davoud Jazayeri , Karen N McCarthy , Kingston HG Mills
{"title":"Nasal vaccines for pertussis","authors":"Pauline Schmitt , Lisa Borkner , Seyed Davoud Jazayeri , Karen N McCarthy , Kingston HG Mills","doi":"10.1016/j.coi.2023.102355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coi.2023.102355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Whooping cough, caused by <em>Bordetella pertussis,</em> is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Current acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines induce potent circulating IgG and prevent severe disease in children/adults and in infants born to vaccinated mothers. However, they do not prevent nasal infection, allowing asymptomatic transmission of <em>B. pertussis</em>. Studies in animal models have demonstrated that, unlike natural infection, immunization with aP vaccines fails to induce secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) or interleukin-17 (IL-17)-secreting tissue-resident memory CD4 T (T<sub>RM</sub>) cells, required for sustained sterilizing immunity in the nasal mucosa. Live-attenuated vaccines or aP vaccines formulated with novel adjuvants that induce respiratory IgA and T<sub>RM</sub> cells, especially when delivered by the nasal route, are in development and have considerable promise as next-generation vaccines against pertussis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11361,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Immunology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 102355"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9621804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spatiotemporal and cell-state control of antigen presentation during tolerance and immunity","authors":"Jyh Liang Hor, Ronald N Germain","doi":"10.1016/j.coi.2023.102357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coi.2023.102357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Effective adaptive immunity<span> is rendered possible by highly organized tissue architecture and coordinated cellular crosstalk. While detailed spatiotemporal analyses of antigen presentation<span><span> and adaptive immune activation in secondary lymphoid tissues have been a major focus of study, it is clear that antigen presentation in other tissues also plays a critical role in shaping the immune response. In this article, we concentrate on two opposing aspects of adaptive immunity: tolerance and antitumor immunity, to illustrate how a complex set of antigen presentation mechanisms contributes to maintaining a delicate balance between robust immunity and avoidance of autoimmune pathology. We emphasize the importance of how </span>immune cell identity, state, and location collectively determine the nature of adaptive immune responses.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":11361,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Immunology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 102357"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9655658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lily M Ellzey , Kristin L Patrick , Robert O Watson
{"title":"Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species: double agents in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection","authors":"Lily M Ellzey , Kristin L Patrick , Robert O Watson","doi":"10.1016/j.coi.2023.102366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coi.2023.102366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>In addition to housing the major energy-producing pathways in cells, mitochondria are active players in innate immune responses. One critical way mitochondria fulfill this role is by releasing damage-associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs) that are recognized by innate sensors to activate pathways including, but not limited to, cytokine expression, </span>selective autophagy<span>, and cell death<span>. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species<span> (mtROS) is a multifunctional mtDAMP linked to pro- and antimicrobial immune outcomes. Formed as a by-product of energy generation, mtROS links mitochondrial metabolism with downstream innate immune responses. As a result, altered cellular metabolism can change mtROS levels and impact downstream antimicrobial responses in a variety of ways. MtROS has emerged as a particularly important mediator of pathogenesis during infection with </span></span></span></span><span><em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em></span><span><span> (Mtb), an intracellular bacterial pathogen that continues to pose a significant threat to global </span>public health<span>. Here, we will summarize how Mtb modulates mtROS levels in infected macrophages and how mtROS dictates Mtb infection outcomes by controlling inflammation, lipid peroxidation, and cell death. We propose that mtROS may serve as a biomarker to predict tuberculosis patient outcomes and/or a target for host-directed therapeutics.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":11361,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Immunology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 102366"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9769667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}