Diagnostic and interventional radiology最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology interest groups: comparison of members, activities, and funding.","authors":"Danielle Heiser, Easton Neitzel, Chase Irwin, Kory Johnson-Alvarado, Eric vanSonnenberg","doi":"10.4274/dir.2026.264041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/dir.2026.264041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Medical school interest groups (IGs) increase student exposure to medical specialties. The organization of US radiology IGs (RIGs), particularly the representation of diagnostic radiology and interventional radiology, is not well described. This study aimed to determine RIG members, activities, and funding, and to compare diagnostic and interventional RIGs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 28-question survey was sent to RIG leaders at 154 medical schools, addressing the number and demographics of RIG members, activities organized, and funding amounts and allocations. Descriptive statistics and comparisons between diagnostic, interventional, and hybrid RIGs were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 40 responses were received, representing diagnostic (26%, 9/34), interventional (15%, 5/34), and hybrid (59%, 20/34) RIGs (not all responses reported a category). The median membership number was 30 (range: 10-100), with a median of 65 for diagnostic, 37.5 for interventional, and 25 for hybrid RIGs (<i>P</i> = 0.01). Most (18/27, 67%) RIGs received low funding (< USD 500/year): 0% (0/18) for diagnostic, 16.7% (3/18) for interventional, and 83.3% (15/18) for hybrid RIGs (<i>P</i> = 0.02). Low-funding RIGs reported a median of 30 members compared with 45 in high-funding RIGs (≥ USD 500/year) (<i>P</i> = 0.015). Approximately equal membership between men and women was reported by 5/17 (29.4%) low-funding RIGs and 7/8 (87.5%) high-funding RIGs (<i>P</i> = 0.020). Moreover, 6/18 (33.3%) low-funding groups \"strongly agreed\" that their RIG positively influenced members to pursue radiology, compared with 7/9 (77.8%) high-funding groups (<i>P</i> = 0.034).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings show that diagnostic, interventional, and hybrid RIGs differ in membership and funding. Greater funding is correlated with larger membership, stronger reported influence on specialty choice, and roughly equal membership between men and women.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Boosting RIG funding may enhance recruitment into radiology. RIGs provide students with opportunities to explore radiology as a career, with career panels being the most commonly organized activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing clinicopathological factors and quantitative background parenchymal enhancement to predict pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer.","authors":"Süleyman Öncü, Murat Yüce, Ahmet İrfan Temur","doi":"10.4274/dir.2026.264036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/dir.2026.264036","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate the predictive value of deep learning (nnU-Net)-based fully automated quantitative background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) metrics and clinicopathological factors for pathological complete response (pCR) in patients with breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This retrospective study included 142 patients who underwent NACT and had pre- and post-treatment magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. The breast parenchyma and tumors were automatically segmented using nnU-Net. Quantitative BPE metrics were calculated using multiple threshold values based on signal intensity and the signal enhancement ratio. Clinicopathological variables analyzed included age, menopausal status, body mass index (BMI), hormone receptor (HR) status (estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status, Ki-67 proliferation index, histologic grade, tumor and breast parenchymal volumes, and pre-/post-treatment pathological findings. The BPE parameters and clinicopathological data were evaluated using univariate and multivariable logistic regression models. Pre-specified subgroup analyses were performed using Mann-Whitney U tests, and the independence of subgroup BPE signals from menopausal status and BMI was tested in adjusted logistic models.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;None of the evaluated quantitative BPE metrics showed a statistically significant association with pCR in the overall cohort (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05 for all). In pre-specified exploratory subgroup analyses, however, baseline BPE was significantly lower among patients with pCR in the HER2-negative subgroup (median 49.8% vs. 59.3%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.014) and in HR-positive disease (median 44.6% vs. 58.3%, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.003), and a relative increase in BPE during NACT was associated with pCR in HR-positive tumors (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.017). In triple-negative disease, lower post-treatment BPE accompanied pCR (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.010). Multivariable analysis revealed that a high Ki-67 proliferation index [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.03 per unit, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01-1.04; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0029] and HER2 positivity (adjusted OR: 2.99, 95% CI, 1.19-7.56; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.020) were strong and independent predictors of pCR. The diagnostic performance [area under the curve (AUC)] of the multivariable model was 0.76 (95% CI: 0.69-0.83).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Even when standardized and reproducible quantitative measurements are obtained via deep learning algorithms, BPE dynamics did not independently predict pCR in this single-center cohort; however, hypothesis-generating subgroup-specific signals in HER2-negative and HR-positive disease warrant prospective evaluation. Traditional clinicopathological features reflecting the tumor's intrinsic biology remain the most reliable determinants in this cohort for predicting NACT response.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clinical significance: &lt;/strong&gt;Although cus","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of risk factors and construction of a nomogram prediction model for early hemoptysis following ¹²⁵I seed implantation in patients with advanced lung cancer.","authors":"Yi Jie Yan, Xiao Yuan Yang, Jun Zhang, Fan Jie Meng, Zhi Yu Guan","doi":"10.4274/dir.2026.264149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/dir.2026.264149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To identify risk factors for hemoptysis following iodine-125 (¹²⁵I) seed implantation in patients with advanced lung cancer and to develop a nomogram-based prediction model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included patients who underwent ¹²⁵I seed implantation at the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University between August 2023 and May 2025. Patients were divided into a hemoptysis group (n = 31) and a non-hemoptysis group (n = 102) based on the occurrence of postoperative hemoptysis. Clinical characteristics were compared between groups. Binary logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors, and a nomogram prediction model was constructed. Model performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 133 enrolled patients, 31 (23.3%) developed postoperative hemoptysis. Logistic regression analysis identified right hilar lesion location [odds ratio (OR): 10.831, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.537-46.232], history of chemotherapy (OR: 3.138, 95% CI: 1.160-8.488), and intrathoracic bleeding (OR: 2.666, 95% CI: 1.016-6.993) as independent risk factors. Prothrombin time (PT) showed a negative correlation in the multivariate analysis (OR: 0.507, 95% CI: 0.280-0.918). However, as both sets of values fall within the normal range and the difference is minimal, the clinical significance is limited, and the results should be interpreted with caution. The nomogram demonstrated good discriminative ability, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.830 (95% CI: 0.753-0.907). At a cutoff probability of 0.155, the model achieved a sensitivity of 93.5% and a specificity of 65.7%. Calibration analysis showed good agreement between predicted and observed outcomes, and DCA indicated significant net clinical benefit across a threshold probability range of 0.02-0.70.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lesion location, chemotherapy history, intrathoracic bleeding, and PT are independently associated with hemoptysis following ¹²⁵I seed implantation in advanced lung cancer. The proposed nomogram demonstrates favorable predictive performance and may help identify patients at high risk early, guiding preventive strategies.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>This nomogram enables early post-procedural identification of high-risk patients, particularly those with right hilar lesions, and its high sensitivity supports its use as a screening tool to guide preventive hemostatic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term outcomes of Solaris self-expanding covered stent in iliac artery occlusive disease: a single-center retrospective cohort.","authors":"Halil Tekdemir, Muhammed Said Beşler, Eda Şener Alçın, Murat Canyiğit","doi":"10.4274/dir.2026.264163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/dir.2026.264163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Endovascular therapy is the preferred treatment for most iliac artery lesions; however, outcomes in complex TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus II (TASC) C-D anatomy remain less consistent than in simpler disease. This study evaluated the short-term clinical and patency outcomes of the Solaris self-expanding covered stent in a real-world cohort of patients with iliac artery disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center retrospective study included 99 consecutive patients (140 iliac arteries) treated with the Solaris self-expanding covered stent between October 2023 and December 2025. Demographic, lesion, procedural, and follow-up data were analyzed. Primary patency was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and TASC A-B and TASC C-D lesions were compared using the log-rank test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 63.4 ± 9.8 years, 82.8% of patients were men, and TASC C-D lesions accounted for 55.7% of treated arteries. A total of 184 covered stents were implanted, and technical success was 100%. Median follow-up was 278 days (range, 32-576 days). Estimated Kaplan-Meier primary patency was 100% at 6 months and 97.6% at 12 months, with no significant difference between TASC A-B and TASC C-D lesions (log-rank <i>P</i> = 0.206). Complete clinical improvement (Rutherford category 0) was achieved in 80.8% of patients, and 96.0% improved by at least one Rutherford category. Procedure-related complications were infrequent, and no procedure-related deaths occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In a real-world cohort with a high proportion of complex iliac lesions, the Solaris self-expanding covered stent demonstrated excellent technical success, durable short-term patency, and favorable clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>The Solaris self-expanding covered stent demonstrated high technical success, excellent 12-month patency, and meaningful symptom improvement in patients with iliac artery occlusive disease, including a substantial proportion of complex TASC C-D lesions. These real-world findings suggest that this device may provide a durable endovascular solution for challenging iliac anatomy while maintaining a favorable safety profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed tomography-guided percutaneous thermal ablation of pulmonary metastases: safety, local tumor control, and factors associated with treatment failure-a single-centre experience.","authors":"Asrar Ageeli, Ahmed Bamatraf, Alameer Hassan, Mohammed J Alsaadi, Salem Bauones","doi":"10.4274/dir.2026.264255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/dir.2026.264255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate local tumor control, procedural safety, factors associated with treatment failure, and overall survival after computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous thermal ablation of pulmonary metastases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective single-center study included 21 consecutive patients (10 men, 11 women; median age 58 years) who underwent CT-guided thermal ablation of pulmonary metastases by cryoablation (n = 14), microwave ablation (n = 5), or radiofrequency ablation (n = 2). Local tumor control at 6, 12, and 24 months was estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis, and factors associated with failure were assessed by univariate analysis. Median follow-up was 50.8 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Technical success was 100%. Kaplan-Meier local control was 89.9% at 6 months and 84.7% at both 12 and 24 months. Five patients (23.8%) developed local failure. On univariate analysis, larger tumor size (<i>P</i> = 0.042), ablation-zone diameter (<i>P</i> = 0.008), and ablation margin (<i>P</i> = 0.009) were associated with local failure; these associations are exploratory and hypothesis-generating. Pneumothorax, the only complication, occurred in 57.1% of patients, with no procedure-related mortality. The number of probes was not correlated with complications (<i>Ρ</i> = -0.033, <i>P</i> = 0.886), and pneumothorax was not associated with nodule location (laterality <i>P</i> = 1.000, lobe category <i>P</i> = 0.396, pleural proximity <i>P</i> = 0.659). Five-year overall survival was 82.5% (95% confidence interval, 46.1-95.3%). Distant disease progression occurred in 66.7%, and repeat ablation of the treated lesion was required in 1 patient (4.8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CT-guided thermal ablation of pulmonary metastases achieved favorable local control with an acceptable safety profile. Larger tumor size was associated with local failure on univariate analysis. These associations are exploratory and, given the small number of events, require validation in larger multicenter cohorts.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>In real-world practice, CT-guided thermal ablation offers a safe, lung-preserving option for selected patients with pulmonary metastases, achieving durable local control and favorable long-term survival. Tumor size may help refine patient selection and procedural planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and angiographic utilization of the Oncopig liver cancer model: a comprehensive pictorial review.","authors":"Lobna Elkhadragy, Luke R Jordan, Daniel Blanco, Grace Guzman, Ron C Gaba","doi":"10.4274/dir.2026.263989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/dir.2026.263989","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Image-guided locoregional therapies are central to the management of liver cancer. Large-animal models are valuable preclinical tools for advancing interventional oncology because they allow testing with standard clinical imaging platforms and devices. The Oncopig^TM is a genetically engineered porcine model that enables site-specific tumor formation through inducible expression of <i>KRAS</i>^G12D and <i>TP53</i>^R167H following exposure to Cre recombinase. This pictorial essay illustrates the technical methodology for liver tumor induction in Oncopigs and demonstrates the angiographic use of tumor-bearing animals for evaluation of transarterial therapies. Liver tumors were induced using an ex vivo transgene activation approach in which liver biopsy specimens were incubated with an adenoviral vector expressing Cre recombinase and injected percutaneously into the liver under ultrasound guidance. Tumor development occurred in 34/37 (92%) induction sites across 17 Oncopigs and was confirmed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Hepatic arteriography using standard clinical devices enabled selective catheterization of tumor-feeding arteries. This pictorial essay provides a technical guide for investigators studying liver-directed therapies in a translational large-animal model.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemoptysis recurrence after arterial embolization in lung cancer: a 5-year retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Hongxiao Li, Xiying Wu","doi":"10.4274/dir.2026.264035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/dir.2026.264035","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;Hemoptysis is a life-threatening complication in patients with lung malignancy. Although arterial embolization provides reliable immediate hemostasis, recurrence rates in the oncologic setting substantially exceed those observed in benign disease. Whether routine baseline clinical and tumor characteristics can identify patients at higher risk of post-embolization rebleeding remains unclear.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted a 5-year single-center retrospective cohort study of 126 consecutive patients with histologically confirmed lung cancer treated with arterial embolization for hemoptysis (January 2021-December 2025). The hemoptysis-free interval was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared across subgroups using the log-rank test. Associations between prespecified covariates and recurrence were assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. Embolic materials included metallic microcoils, polyvinyl alcohol particles (300-700 μm), gelatin sponge, and combinations thereof. Five covariates were examined: tumor diameter, cancer stage, histological subtype, age, and sex.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Technical success was achieved in 124 of 126 procedures (98.4%), and clinical success (no hemoptysis recurrence within 30 days) in 121 of 124 technically successful procedures (97.6%). Over a median follow-up of 31.3 months (interquartile range: 14.6-47.8 months), hemoptysis recurrence occurred in 32 patients (25.4%), with a median time to recurrence of 13.9 months. Recurrence proportions across embolic agent groups were considered descriptive only because allocation was not protocolized (log-rank &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.45). On multivariable Cox analysis, none of the five prespecified covariates showed a statistically detectable association with recurrence: tumor diameter [hazard ratio (HR): 1.00; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.98-1.01; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.783], cancer stage (HR: 1.21; 95% CI: 0.75-1.94; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.432), squamous cell vs. other histology (HR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.36-1.77; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.585), age (HR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.94-1.02; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.299), and male sex (HR: 1.12; 95% CI: 0.53-2.36; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.761). The events-per-variable ratio was approximately 6.4. Major complications occurred in 2.4% of patients (3/126), with no clinically adjudicated procedure-related mortality or permanent neurological sequelae.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;In this exploratory single-center cohort, arterial embolization achieved high technical success with an acceptable short-term safety profile. The evaluated baseline clinical and tumor characteristics were not statistically associated with hemoptysis recurrence; however, the limited event count and absence of key angiographic and oncologic treatment variables preclude definitive conclusions regarding their predictive value.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clinical significance: &lt;/strong&gt;Standard tumor burden descriptors alone appeared insufficient for post-embolizati","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of diffusion-weighted imaging in breast cancer: from diagnosis to treatment monitoring and follow-up.","authors":"Yong Ye, Wen-wen Shao, Ying Yang","doi":"10.4274/dir.2026.264144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/dir.2026.264144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a fundamental non-contrast sequence in multiparametric breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), measuring water diffusion to assess tissue microstructure. The derived apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) effectively discriminates between malignant lesions, which typically exhibit lower ADC due to high cellularity, and benign ones. Advanced models, such as intravoxel incoherent motion, diffusion kurtosis imaging, restriction spectrum imaging (RSI), and time-dependent DWI, provide further quantification of micro-perfusion and tissue heterogeneity. This review covers technical advancements in DWI (including optimized single-shot echo-planar imaging, ultra-high b-value DWI, and synthetic DWI), its diagnostic performance [RSI achieves an area under the curve (AUC) of up to 0.982; DWI combined with other MRI sequences boosts the AUC to 0.960], and its clinical applications (predicting neoadjuvant chemotherapy response, with an AUC of up to 0.840; correlating with biomarkers such as estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and Ki-67; and non-contrast screening with a 99.5% negative predictive value). Artificial intelligence (AI) and radiomics further enhance its utility, with two-dimensional convolutional neural networks performing on par with radiologists (AUC ≈ 0.88). Limitations include artifacts, parameter variability, and poor resolution. Future directions involve ultra-high field MRI and AI-driven analysis. DWI is pivotal for personalized breast cancer care, though standardized protocols and further refinement are needed for broader clinical adoption.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply: Environmental impact reporting in the reporting checklist for foundation and large language models (REFINE): considerations for future updates.","authors":"Ismail Mese, Tugba Akinci D'Antonoli, Burak Kocak","doi":"10.4274/dir.2026.264329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/dir.2026.264329","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From computational requirements to environmental reporting: a proportionate extension to the reporting checklist for foundation and large language models (REFINE).","authors":"Minahil Shahid","doi":"10.4274/dir.2026.264307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/dir.2026.264307","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}