Diagnostic and interventional radiology最新文献

{"title":"A scoping review of photon-counting detector computed tomography in cardiovascular imaging.","authors":"Deniz Alis, Mehmet Onur Önal, Müjgan Orman, Mustafa Ege Seker, Ahmet Akyol, Cem Alhan, Ercan Karaarslan","doi":"10.4274/dir.2025.253597","DOIUrl":"10.4274/dir.2025.253597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) employs direct-conversion detectors that record the arrival and energy of individual photons, enabling high-resolution, multi-energy cardiovascular imaging. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus from January 2021 through September 2025 and included 59 studies. Owing to heterogeneity in study designs, protocols, and endpoints, the findings were synthesized narratively across five domains (coronary, myocardial, structural/valvular, pulmonary-cardiopulmonary function, and aortic/visceral/peripheral arteries). In coronary imaging, a routine-practice cohort (n = 7.833) reported a per-patient specificity of 98% vs. 93%, lower invasive angiography of 9.9% vs. 13.1%, and a higher revascularization yield of 43.4% vs. 35.5% [PCD-CT vs. energy-integrating detector CT (EID-CT); ultra-high-resolution protocols achieved a vessel-level area under the curve (AUC) of up to 0.99. Low-dose CCTA was feasible at a CTDIvol of 1.72 mGy, and contrast-saving protocols supported diagnostic studies with a volume of 30 mL. Virtual non-contrast calcium scoring showed an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.98 vs. true non-contrast. In myocardial tissue characterization, PCD-CT-derived extracellular volume differed from cardiovascular magnetic resonance by ≤2% in selected cohorts, with a kappa of up to 0.956 for late-enhancement agreement; segment-level inflammation classification reached an AUC of 0.95. For structural/valvular assessment, a comparative cohort reported an effective dose of 8.8 ± 4.5 vs. 15.3 ± 5.8 mSv, with visual image quality scores of 4.8 vs. 3.3, respectively, for PCD-CT vs. EID-CT. Lung-perfusion iodine maps for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension achieved an accuracy of 0.85-0.88 at approximately one-fifth of the dose of single-photon emission CT. For aortic/peripheral applications, thoracoabdominal protocols reported a dose of 4.2 ± 1.4 vs. 7.2 ± 2.2 mGy, with a higher signal-to-noise ratio/contrast-to-noise ratio (PCD-CT vs. EID-CT); infrapopliteal imaging used 60 versus 140 mL of contrast, respectively, with improved vessel sharpness for PCD-CT vs. EID-CT; diagnostic performance for peripheral stenosis reached a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 95%, respectively, when compared with digital subtraction angiography. Overall, the evidence-predominantly single center-indicates that PCD-CT may enable dose- and contrast-efficient cardiovascular imaging with strong diagnostic metrics, and confirmation in multicenter outcome and cost-effectiveness studies remains a priority.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":"626-642"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13530626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145563075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How may complementary magnetic resonance imaging findings facilitate the diagnosis of inflammatory hand arthritis involving the distal interphalangeal joint? A prospective cohort study.","authors":"Yasin Yaraşır, Gizem Ayan, Hanife Avcı, Levent Kılıç, Üstün Aydıngöz, Umut Kalyoncu, Adalet Elçin Yıldız","doi":"10.4274/dir.2025.253502","DOIUrl":"10.4274/dir.2025.253502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In this study, we aimed to characterize the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in making a specific diagnosis of inflammatory hand arthritis (IHA), particularly in early stages or ambiguous cases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients aged ≥18 years with suspicious IHA in at least one joint were enrolled in this single-center prospective study. Three Tesla MRI (3T-MRI) with a fine-tuned protocol was utilized, whereby differential diagnoses were made by radiologists according to the predominant involvement of synovium or synovioentheseal complex (SEC) and/or specific degenerative findings. Physical examination, laboratory findings, treatment response, and already-established classification criteria were used to reach the final diagnostic groups: psoriatic arthritis (PsA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), erosive osteoarthritis or calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease (EOA/CPPD), and arthritis with distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ) involvement (ADIPI) not otherwise classified into any group. Statistical analyses mainly included pairwise comparisons of MRI findings across diagnostic groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 80 patients enrolled, 57 [42 women; mean age, 54 years (range, 28-79 years)] constituted the final group with eventual clinical diagnoses of 11 PsA, 14 RA, 11 EOA/CPPD, and 21 ADIPI. MRI revealed no difference between the PsA and ADIPI groups, except for nailbed enthesitis (<i>P</i> = 0.048, effect size: 0.416). A comparison between PsA and RA revealed that enthesitis, excluding pulley enthesitis, was more frequently observed in PsA (<i>P</i> = 0.033, effect size: 0.497). Periarticular soft tissue edema was also more common in PsA than RA (<i>P</i> = 0.042, effect size: 0.461). When the ADIPI and PsA groups were combined, enthesitis and periarticular soft tissue edema were more common than in other groups (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SEC inflammation and periarticular edema on MRI strongly predict PsA, especially in patients with DIPJ arthritis who do not meet rheumatological classification criteria.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>3T-MRI with a fine-tuned protocol enables a more accurate differential diagnosis of hand inflammatory arthritis, potentially guiding earlier and more targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":"715-724"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13530551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145231637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography of peritumoral fat for preoperative prediction of tumor budding in colorectal adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Jian-Bo Xu, Wei-Jin Zhong, Yuan-Hui Li, Xiang Zhou, Su-E Cao, Xiao-Min Liu, Ruo-Mi Guo","doi":"10.4274/dir.2026.263712","DOIUrl":"10.4274/dir.2026.263712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore the value of dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography (DLSCT)-derived parameters from peritumoral fat for preoperative tumor budding (TB) grade assessment in patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRAC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study enrolled 90 patients with pathologically confirmed CRAC who underwent preoperative DLSCT between February 2024 and July 2025. Patients were stratified into low-grade and intermediate- to high-grade TB groups based on histopathology. The effective atomic number (Z_eff), iodine concentration (IC), normalized IC (NIC), virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs) at 40, 50, 60, and 70 keV in arterial phase (AP) and venous phase (VP), and the arterial enhancement fraction of intratumor and peritumoral fat were measured. Independent predictors were identified via multivariable logistic regression, and diagnostic performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple DLSCT-derived parameters of the peritumoral fat, including VMIs (40-70 keV) and Z_eff in both AP and VP, as well as NIC in VP, were significantly higher in the intermediate- to high-TB group than in the low-TB group (all <i>P</i> < 0.05; AP-VMI 40 keV, <i>P</i> = 0.001; AP-VMI 50 keV, <i>P</i> = 0.002; AP-VMI 60 keV, <i>P</i> = 0.001; AP-VMI 70 keV, <i>P</i> = 0.001; AP-Z_eff, <i>P</i> = 0.002; VP-VMI 40 keV, <i>P</i> = 0.004; VP-VMI 50 keV, <i>P</i> = 0.001; VP-VMI 60 keV, <i>P</i> = 0.001; VP-VMI 70 keV, P < 0.001; VP-NIC, <i>P</i> = 0.024; VP-Z_eff, <i>P</i> = 0.019), whereas other parameters derived from DLSCT were not significantly different between these two groups (P > 0.05). Multivariable analysis revealed that VMIs (40-70 keV) and Z_eff in both AP and VP, as well as NIC in VP, remained independent predictors of TB grade. Among these, VMI at 70 keV in VP exhibited the strongest discriminatory ability [area under the curve (AUC): 0.742, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.623-0.860]. The combined model integrating these parameters yielded the best predictive performance (AUC: 0.809, 95% CI: 0.713-0.906).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DLSCT-derived quantitative parameters of peritumoral fat, particularly VMI and Z_eff values from both AP and VP, serve as independent predictors of TB grade in CRAC.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>DLSCT-derived quantitative parameters of peritumoral fat can serve as a complementary, noninvasive quantitative imaging biomarker for preoperatively predicting TB grade in CRAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":"521-530"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13530631/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147363996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transperineal ultrasonography with a high-frequency probe and a three-dimensional end-fire probe for imaging perianal abscesses and locating the internal openings of anal fistulas.","authors":"Hongyun Wu, Juan Chang, Xiuhong Zhang, Yunfei Tao","doi":"10.4274/dir.2026.263740","DOIUrl":"10.4274/dir.2026.263740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to explore the clinical value of transperineal ultrasonography with a high-frequency probe and a three-dimensional (3D) end-fire probe in locating the internal openings of perianal abscesses and anal fistulas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty patients who were diagnosed with perianal abscesses and anal fistulas and treated between June 2023 and December 2024 were enrolled in this study. An observation group (n = 40) and a control group (n = 40) were established, and intergroup comparisons were conducted on the diagnostic efficacy of the intervention in locating internal openings and categorizing abscesses according to the Parks classification system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The two groups showed no significant differences in baseline data (<i>P</i> > 0.05). The observation group showed higher sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy in the localization of internal openings than the control group. There was good agreement between the independent image assessments of the two study sonographers (Cohen's kappa = 0.83, <i>P</i> < 0.001). The recurrence rate was 7.5% (3/40) in the observation group and 25.0% (10/40) in the control group at 6 months after surgery. The observation group demonstrated higher accuracy in the categorization of abscesses based on the Parks classification system than the control group (92.5% vs. 77.5%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Transperineal ultrasonography using both a high-frequency probe and a 3D end-fire probe can enhance the accurate localization of the internal openings of perianal abscesses and anal fistulas and assist in the accurate classification of abscesses.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>The combined dual-probe ultrasonography method is a non-invasive, rapid, and highly accurate preoperative imaging approach that aids in precise surgical planning, reduces postoperative recurrence, and offers a practical diagnostic alternative for institutions without access to magnetic resonance imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":"662-668"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13530606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147364018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of multimodal large language models for the detection and characterization of bone lesions on radiographs.","authors":"Raşit Eren Büyüktoka, Ali Salbas, Atilla Hikmet Cilengir, Asli Dilara Buyuktoka, Murat Sürücü, Zehra Hilal Adibelli","doi":"10.4274/dir.2026.263945","DOIUrl":"10.4274/dir.2026.263945","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Multimodal large language models (LLMs) offer emerging capabilities in medical image interpretation; however, their efficacy in orthopedic oncology remains unverified. This study aimed to evaluate and benchmark the performance of five contemporary LLMs-ChatGPT 5.2, Gemini 3 Flash, MedGemma 4B, Claude Sonnet 4.6, and DeepSeek-VL2-in detecting and characterizing bone lesions on plain radiographs without task-specific fine-tuning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted using 3,746 anonymized images from the Bone Tumor X-ray Radiograph Dataset (BTXRD), comprising normal, benign, and malignant cases. Reference standard annotations were provided directly by the BTXRD dataset. Models were evaluated on two tasks: lesion detection and lesion characterization. Diagnostic performance metrics, including accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, and Cohen's kappa, were calculated and compared with reference-standard annotations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ChatGPT 5.2 demonstrated the highest overall accuracy (0.803) and specificity among the models (0.916) for lesion detection, although its sensitivity (0.689) was comparatively low. MedGemma 4B showed relatively low performance, with an overall accuracy of 0.677. Claude Sonnet 4.6 and Gemini 3 Flash had the highest sensitivities among the models (0.991 and 0.972, respectively) but low specificities (0.038 and 0.201, respectively), resulting in excessive false positives. In the characterization task, ChatGPT 5.2 consistently achieved the highest performance among the models, with an accuracy of 0.758 and a weighted F1 score of 0.745. DeepSeek-VL2 achieved high specificity but very low sensitivity for malignancy (0.714 and 0.022, respectively). Gemini 3 Flash provided high sensitivity for malignancy (0.711) but low overall accuracy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Multimodal LLMs demonstrated heterogeneous performance in the evaluation of bone lesions on plain radiographs, with substantial differences across models and tasks. Although some models achieved high accuracy in lesion detection and overall classification, performance was inconsistent across tasks, particularly in identifying malignant lesions and balancing sensitivity and specificity. These findings suggest that, despite their potential, current multimodal LLMs are not yet sufficiently reliable for diagnostic use in orthopedic oncology and should be considered investigational until further development and validation.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Multimodal LLMs currently lack the diagnostic reliability required for bone lesion assessment, often exhibiting excessive false positives or failing to detect malignancy. Although generalist models show promise, expert radiologist oversight remains essential to ensure patient safety and oncologic accuracy in musculoskeletal imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":"608-315"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13530578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147867075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospective quantitative analysis of hyperparameter and input optimization in GPT-5: comparative contribution to radiologist performance in abdominal radiology.","authors":"Eren Çamur, Turay Cesur, Yasin Celal Güneş, Muhammed Batuhan Gökhan, Rıza Sarper Ökten","doi":"10.4274/dir.2026.263762","DOIUrl":"10.4274/dir.2026.263762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the effect of input format and hyperparameter settings on GPT-5 and explore the contribution of GPT-5 assistance to radiologists' performance in abdominal cases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective study, 86 abdominal cases were evaluated, with GPT-5 evaluated in two deployment contexts: browser-based GPT-5 (default, non-configurable sampling settings) and GPT-5 accessed via the OpenAI application programming interface (API) with different temperature and top-p settings. First, the diagnostic and differential diagnosis performance of browser-based GPT-5 in these cases was assessed using two different input formats: \"only visual\" and \"visual with imaging findings and clinical presentation.\" Subsequently, its performance was evaluated at varying temperature (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5) and top-p (0, 0.5, 1) values; the values at which the model performs best are considered \"optimal settings.\" Finally, two junior radiologists evaluated the same cases with and without GPT-5 assistance with washout periods. Their performances were compared internally and with that of an abdominal radiologist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With the \"only visual\" input format, browser-based GPT-5 achieved a diagnostic accuracy of 12%, increasing to 58% when imaging findings and clinical presentations were provided (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Hyperparameter optimization further improved GPT-5 performance, with diagnostic accuracy increasing to 73% at the optimal settings (temperature: 1.5, top-p: 1) and mean differential diagnosis scores improving from 3.44 to 3.84. The radiologists' diagnostic accuracy increased from 73% and 71% without assistance to 87% and 86% with browser-based GPT-5 assistance and further to 94% with GPT-5 with optimal settings assistance. Differential diagnosis performance similarly improved from median scores of 4 (range: 3-5) without assistance to 5 (range: 4-5) with GPT-5 (with optimal settings) assistance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Using hyperparameter and input optimization settings with GPT-5 could improve its clinical utility.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>This study evaluates GPT-5 performance in a single-source, open-access abdominal case set. In this study, GPT-5 performance improved with structured text inputs and API-based hyperparameter optimization, and large language model (LLM) assistance was associated with improved diagnostic and differential diagnosis performance among junior radiologists. These findings suggest that documenting and standardizing hyperparameter settings (e.g., temperature and top-p) may be important for future LLM-based decision-support applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":"591-599"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13530652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146200441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy and consistency of ChatGPT-4o in radiology: influence of image, clinical data, and answer options on performance.","authors":"Kadir Atakır, Kaan Işın, Abdullah Taş, Hakan Önder","doi":"10.4274/dir.2025.253460","DOIUrl":"10.4274/dir.2025.253460","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) version 4 Omni (ChatGPT-4o) in radiology across seven information input combinations (image, clinical data, and multiple-choice options) to assess the consistency of its outputs across repeated trials and to compare its performance with that of human radiologists.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We tested 129 distinct radiology cases under seven input conditions (varying presence of imaging, clinical context, and answer options). Each case was processed by ChatGPT-4o for seven different input combinations on three separate accounts. Diagnostic accuracy was determined by comparison with ground-truth diagnoses, and interobserver consistency was measured using Fleiss' kappa. Pairwise comparisons were performed with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Additionally, the same set of cases was evaluated by nine radiology residents to benchmark ChatGPT-4o's performance against human diagnostic accuracy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;ChatGPT-4o's diagnostic accuracy was lowest for \"image only\" (19.90%) and \"options only\" (20.67%) conditions. The highest accuracy was observed in \"image + clinical information + options\" (80.88%) and \"clinical information + options\" (75.45%) conditions. The highest interobserver agreement was observed in the \"image + clinical information + options\" condition (κ = 0.733) and the lowest was in the \"options only\" condition (κ = 0.023), suggesting that more information improves consistency. However, there was no effective benefit of adding imaging data over already provided clinical data and options, as seen in post-hoc analysis. In human comparison, ChatGPT-4o outperformed radiology residents in text-based configurations (75.45% vs. 42.89%), whereas residents showed slightly better performance in image-based tasks (64.13% vs. 61.24%). Notably, when residents were allowed to use ChatGPT-4o as a support tool, their image-based diagnostic accuracy increased from 63.04% to 74.16%.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;ChatGPT-4o performs well when provided with rich textual input but remains limited in purely image- based diagnoses. Its accuracy and consistency increase with multimodal input, yet adding imaging does not significantly improve performance beyond clinical context and diagnostic options alone. The model's superior performance to residents in text-based tasks underscores its potential as a diagnostic aid in structured scenarios. Furthermore, its integration as a support tool may enhance human diagnostic accuracy, particularly in image-based interpretation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clinical significance: &lt;/strong&gt;Although ChatGPT-4o is not yet capable of reliably interpreting radiologic images on its own, it demonstrates strong performance in text-based diagnostic reasoning. Its integration into clinical workflows-particularly for triage, structured decision support, or educational purposes-may augment ra","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":"555-564"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13530496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of reporting of studies on artificial intelligence in radiology: what is the current state of the field?","authors":"Ahmed Maiter","doi":"10.4274/dir.2025.253315","DOIUrl":"10.4274/dir.2025.253315","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":"616-617"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13530544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between preoperative pulmonary hypertension risk in liver transplant and vascular and biliary complications in the postoperative period.","authors":"Burak Yağdıran, Can Ugochkwu Uchehara, Adem Şafak, Nedim Çekmen, Mehmet Haberal","doi":"10.4274/dir.2025.253707","DOIUrl":"10.4274/dir.2025.253707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Liver transplantation (LT) is the gold standard definitive treatment for end-stage liver disease (ESLD). In patients with ESLD, preoperative pulmonary hypertension (PHT) secondary to the primary liver pathology is a common complication that causes high mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to determine whether thrombosis, hemorrhage, stenosis, occlusion, and biliary system complications may be indirectly affected by this vascular complication.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study retrospectively screened patients undergoing LT at our hospital between 2017 and 2024. A total of 265 patients were included. Preoperative PHT was assessed using transthoracic echocardiography-derived systolic pulmonary arterial pressure measurements, whereas post-transplant computed tomography scans were reviewed for vascular and biliary complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The portal vein complications in the PHT group (17.5%) were higher than those in the non-PHT group (9.4%). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis examining the relationship between PHT level and complications, a significant association with portal vein complications was found. No difference was found between the two groups regarding hepatic vein complications (<i>P</i> = 0.496). The incidence of biliary complications in patients with PHT (41.3%) was similar to that in those without PHT (41.1%) (<i>P</i> = 0.980). There was no statistically significant relationship between PHT levels (normal, mild, moderate/severe) and the distribution of hepatic artery complications (<i>P</i> = 0.194).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Moderate-to-severe PHT levels were found to be associated with a significantly increased risk of portal vein complications. We believe caution is warranted, as the presence of preoperative PHT can significantly increase the risk of post-LT complications.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Changes in mediator balance in PHT lead to systemic vascular remodeling and, consequently, systemic vasoconstriction. We believe that this condition may negatively affect graft vascularity in patients undergoing LT, thereby increasing vascular and biliary complications. This study found that PHT is associated with the risk of portal vein complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":"655-661"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13530571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential radiation dose reduction in computed tomography with deep learning reconstruction: a retrospective monocentric study.","authors":"Lucas Graber, Melike Zeynep Akış, François Séverac, Luc Mertz, Serhat Akış, Catherine Roy, Mickaël Ohana","doi":"10.4274/dir.2025.253513","DOIUrl":"10.4274/dir.2025.253513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate whether deep learning reconstruction (DLR) can reduce the radiation dose in routine clinical computed tomography (CT) scans compared with iterative reconstruction (IR) while maintaining or improving image quality. The study assesses DLR's consistency and effectiveness across four distinct CT protocols-chest, head, chest-abdomen-pelvis (CAP) oncology, and lower limb CT angiography (CTA)-representing a wide range of clinical applications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our study is retrospective and monocentric. It involves a total population of 13,060 patients who underwent a CT scan using either a DLR algorithm (CT-DLR) or an IR algorithm (CT-IR) in one of four different CT acquisition protocols. Image quality was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively by measuring standardized signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio values. Assessment was performed on a subsample of 200 patients (25 per protocol per group).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall reduction in radiation dose for the CT-DLR group compared with the CT-IR group was approximately 20%. By protocol, dose reductions were 22% for chest CT, 21% for CAP oncology, 20% for lower limb CTA, and 19% for head CT. The CT-DLR group exhibited superior subjective and objective image quality to the CT-IR group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DLR algorithms allow for a significant reduction in radiation dose while achieving higher image quality compared with IR algorithms.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>This large-scale study confirms that DLR can significantly reduce the radiation dose in routine CT imaging while maintaining or enhancing diagnostic image quality. Its consistent performance across multiple protocols supports broader clinical adoption. Notably, the greatest dose reductions were observed in high-use protocols such as chest and CAP CT, underscoring DLR's potential to improve both individual patient care and long-term population-level radiation safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":11341,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and interventional radiology","volume":" ","pages":"565-573"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13530545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145676256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}